阴道双荷包修补加直肠前壁硬化注射术治疗直肠前突疗效分析

目的 观察和评价阴道双荷包修补加直肠前壁硬化注射术治疗直肠前突的临床疗效.方法 将确诊的60例直肠前突患者随机分成试验组和对照组,试验组采用阴道双荷包修补加直肠前壁硬化注射术,对照组采用直肠黏膜间断缝合加硬化剂注射术.观察比较两组患者的近远期疗效、术中术后出血、术后肛门疼痛及坠胀、术后感染情况.结果 两组近期疗效、术后出血、术后肛门坠胀、术后感染方面相比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),术中出血、术后肛门疼痛两组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且对照组优于试验组,但试验组的远期疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 阴道双荷包修补加直肠前壁硬化注射术与直肠黏膜间断缝合加硬化剂注射术相比,具有疗效稳定、远期疗效好等优点.     

腹腔镜下直肠脱垂悬吊固定并乙状结肠折叠术治疗完全性直肠脱垂患者的临床效果

目的：分析直肠脱垂悬吊固定并乙状结肠折叠术治疗完全性直肠脱垂患者的临床效果。方法：将贵州中医药大学第一附属医院2017年2月至2023年5月收治的50例完全性直肠脱垂患者,按照手术方式的不同分为对照组(20例)和观察组(30例)。对照组患者行直肠黏膜切除肌层折叠术,观察组患者行直肠脱垂悬吊固定并乙状结肠折叠术。比较2组临床疗效、术后30 d临床恢复情况、并发症、术后1年复发率、治疗前后肛门直肠压力等情况;功能疗效根据Wexner大便失禁评分评价。结果：观察组总治愈率高于对照组(P=0.012)。术后30 d,观察组肛门坠胀(t=2.300,P=0.026)、控便能力(t=2.299,P=0.026)、肛门潮湿评分低于对照组(t=2.205,P=0.032)。术后1月,观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组(χ²=6.255,P=0.012)。术后90 d,2组患者直肠感觉容量均减少(t=20.634,P<0.001),最大静息压(maximum resting pressure,MRP)、最大收缩压(maximal squeeze pressure,MSP)均增加,...     

痔上黏膜环切术联合直肠黏膜悬吊术治疗直肠前突的临床疗效分析

目的观察痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)联合直肠黏膜悬吊术治疗直肠前突的临床疗效。方法选取本院2012年7月~2014年7月进行手术的直肠前突患者46例,将患者随机分成两组,其中对照组实行传统的经肛闭合性修补术治疗,观察组实行PPH联合直肠黏膜悬吊术治疗,观察两组患者的临床疗效。结果观察组患者在手术时间、术后住院时间、术中出血量方面明显优于对照组患者;观察组患者治疗后的有效率(91.30%)明显高于对照组(60.8%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论治疗直肠前突引起的出口梗阻型便秘,PPH联合直肠黏膜悬吊术具有手术操作简单,恢复时间短,安全性高等优点。     

直肠黏膜环切、药物注射联合肛门紧缩术治疗直肠脱垂的疗效观察

目的探讨吻合器直肠黏膜环切术联合消痔灵直肠周围注射及肛门紧缩术治疗直肠脱垂的临床疗效。方法 35例直肠脱垂患者采用吻合器直肠黏膜环切术联合消痔灵直肠周围注射及肛门紧缩术治疗(治疗组),35例直肠脱垂患者采用消痔灵直肠周围注射结合肛门紧缩术治疗(对照组),观察两组临床疗效。结果治疗组治愈33例(94.3%),有效2例(5.7%),总有效率为100.0%,无复发病例;对照组治愈26例(74.3%),有效9例(25.7%),总有效率100.0%,复发4例(11.4%)。治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论吻合器直肠黏膜环切术联合药物注射及肛门紧缩术治疗直肠脱垂效果显著,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

PPH术治疗环形混合痔并发直肠黏膜脱垂137例

目的观察痔上黏膜环切钉合术（PPH）,在环形混合痔（5-6个痔核）并发有直肠黏膜内脱垂的临床效果。方法选择环形混合痔并发直肠黏膜内脱垂住院患者137例,应用常州海达HOG-B型肛肠吻合器,常规行PPH术,部分患者配合外剥内扎术并观察术后近远期效果。结果术后早期并发症尿潴留71例（51.82%）,疼痛48例（35.07%）。跟踪随访2年,排便正常,无再次便血、肛门坠胀等异样感觉131例（95.62%）,肛门皮赘2例（1.46%）,肛门轻度狭窄3例（2.19%）,肛管异物感1例（0.73%）。结论 PPH配合剥扎术治疗环形混合痔伴有直肠黏膜内脱垂者疗效确切,手术彻底,不易复发,值得推广应用。     

无张力钉合在痔上黏膜环切术中的应用

目的 探索一种较理想的痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)钉合方法.方法 对86例同期行PPH患者分别采用无张力钉合技术(观察组)和常规钉合技术(对照组),每组43例;并对两组的吻合口出血例数、吻合口加针数、手术时间、牵拉性腹痛、术后疼痛、术后肛门灼热及坠胀不适感、钉合满意度等进行比较分析.结果 观察组钉合满意度明显优于对照组(P<0.01),在吻合口出血例数、吻合口加针数、手术时间等方面,观察组明显少于或短于对照组(P<0.01);在切除黏膜环宽度和均匀度以及术后肛门灼热及坠胀不适感方面,观察组亦优于对照组(P<0.05);而在牵拉性腹痛、术后疼痛及尿潴留等方面两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 采用无张力钉合技术可提高PPH钉合满意度,减少吻合口出血及缩短手术时间.     

圆形吻合器直肠黏膜环切术治疗直肠黏膜脱垂的疗效

目的评价采用圆形吻合器治疗直肠黏膜脱垂的安全性和可行性.方法回顾性分析2002年10月至2004年1月手术治疗的18例直肠黏膜脱垂病人,均经排粪造影诊断.结果 18例中直肠黏膜内脱垂8例;直肠黏膜外脱垂合并痔脱出10例.手术时间0.3～1.0 h (平均0.53 h),吻合口距齿状线的距离1.0～2.5 cm(平均1.9 cm).黏膜切除上下平均宽度为2.5～3.5 cm.环切黏膜圈完整15例;不完整3例.术后随访1月～12月,均对手术效果满意,直肠黏膜脱垂无复发,1例6月后仍便血.结论圆形痔吻合器经肛门直肠黏膜环切术是治疗直肠黏膜脱垂的有效方法,手术简便.     

紫及清解肠液治疗直肠黏膜内脱垂30例

<正>直肠黏膜内脱垂（internal rectal prolapse,IRP）是指直肠黏膜层或全层套叠入远端直肠腔或肛管内而未脱出肛门的一种功能性疾病,是排便障碍性便秘的原因之一[1]。以大便排出困难、肛门下坠感、肛门阻塞坠胀感、排便不尽感、大便次数增多为主要症状,指诊时觉黏膜松弛有绕指感,肛门镜检查时可见直肠黏膜脱垂甚至套叠,排便努挣时可见直肠黏膜脱垂套叠堵塞于肛管,但并未脱出肛门外,     

PPH联合芍倍注射液治疗直肠黏膜内脱垂的临床观察

目的探讨痔上黏膜钉合术(PPH)联合芍倍注射治疗直肠黏膜内脱垂的手术效果及近期并发症。方法选取因便秘症状就诊于浙江省新华医院确诊为直肠黏膜内脱垂的61例患者,按就诊顺序随机分为治疗组31例和对照组30例,其中治疗组31例采用PPH术联合芍倍注射液注射治疗,对照组30例采用PPH术治疗,观察术后1周内肛门出血、疼痛、坠胀感、术后尿潴留情况及术后6个月排便次数、排便用力程度、排便不尽感、会阴部不适情况。结果治疗组与对照组比较,在排便用力程度改善及排便不尽感改善方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在排便次数与会阴部不适方面两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在1周内治疗组术后出血明显少于对照组(P<0.05),在术后疼痛、坠胀感及术后尿潴留方面,两者并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗组、对照组在术后总体疗效方面差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PPH联合芍倍注射液注射治疗直肠黏膜内脱垂近期临床疗效好,术后并发症少,并且操作简单,优于单纯PPH手术。     

吻合器经肛门直肠切除术治疗重度痔疮临床效果分析

目的评价吻合器经肛门直肠切除术治疗重度痔疮的临床效果,并探讨其对痔疮远期复发情况的影响。方法选择河南省安阳地区医院收治的125例重度痔疮患者,根据手术方式将患者分为对照组58例(吻合器痔上黏膜环形切除术)和观察组67例(吻合器经肛门直肠切除术),比较2组患者术中情况、临床疗效、住院时间、住院费用及术后并发症。对2组患者随访3 a,比较其复发率。结果观察组患者的手术时间和住院费用显著高于对照组(P<0.05);2组患者的术中出血量和住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者术后7 d出血、疼痛程度、肛门坠胀感及肛周水肿情况均优于术后1 d(P<0.05);观察组患者在术后1 d的疼痛程度显著强于对照组(P<0.05),2组患者术后1 d出血情况、肛门坠胀感及肛周水肿评分和术后7 d的出血情况、疼痛程度、肛门坠胀感及肛周水肿评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者术后各发生尿潴留2例、感染1例、出血1例,2组患者术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者术后3 a复发率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论吻合器痔上黏膜环形切除术和吻合器经肛门直肠切除术均能有效治疗重度痔疮;尽管吻合器经肛门直肠切除术的手术时间及治疗费用高于吻合器痔上黏膜环形切除术,但其远期复发率较低。     

Trans-anal rectal injuries

INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis of trans-anal rectal injuries is usually delayed because of the patient's denial. Some of these injuries are self-inflicted or caused by criminal assault, leading to delayed presentation. We aimed to study the causes, clinical presentation, management and clinical outcome of transanal rectal injuries. METHODS: The records of 12 patients (nine males) with a median age of 36.5 (range 20-64) years, had trans-anal rectal injury and were treated between 1993 and 2006 at Al-Ain Hospital, were reviewed. RESULTS: Injury was caused by a fall on a sharp object in five patients, by a rectal foreign body in two patients, by a compressed air hose in two patients, by sexual assault in two patients, and by rectal cleansing enema in one patient. Seven patients presented two hours after the injury, four patients within 8-24 hours, and one sexually-assaulted patient presented after seven days. Injuries were in the anterior rectal wall in seven, in the rectosigmoid junction in three, and in the anorectal region in two patients. Ten patients presented with peritonitis, four were in shock, seven had bleeding per rectum, and two had a weak sphincter. The complication rate was significantly higher in the colostomy patients compared with primary repair (5/6 compared with 0/6, p-value is less than 0.02, Fisher's exact test). All patients survived. The median (range) hospital stay was ten (9-72) days. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of trans-anal rectal injuries is usually delayed because of late presentation. Sexual assault should be suspected following rectal injuries. Colostomy is not always mandatory.     

Ruptured rectal prolapse

Rectal prolapse is not a common surgical disorder. The complication reported here, of evisceration of small bowel through a prolapsed rectum, is extremely rare and is the first case reported in the West Indies. Some of the features of rectal prolapse are described, and the surgical management of this particular complication is discussed.     

腹腔镜下低位直肠癌保肛根治术75例分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜下低位直肠癌保肛根治术的可行性。方法:回顾性分析75例腹腔镜下低位直肠癌保肛根治术的临床资料。结果:75例患者均顺利完成手术后出院,68例患者获得随访,随访期内,除5例术后1年内复查发现肝转移,1例原位复发外,其余均健在。结论:随着腹腔镜技术的进步,吻合器的应用以及全直肠系膜切除术技术的成熟,使得手术操作视野扩大,有利于低位肠段的游离和吻合,增加了低位直肠癌患者保肛的机会。     

External cystic rectal duplication: an unusual presentation of rectal duplication cyst

Duplications of gastrointestinal tract are rare anomalies, and rectal duplications account for five percent of the alimentary tract duplications. We present an unusual case of rectal duplication, which was located externally in a newborn female, and discuss the types of distal hindgut duplications.     

直肠全系膜切除及保肛术在直肠癌中的应用

目的探讨中、低位直肠癌根治术中直肠全系膜切除后保留肛门的可行性、保肛术的适应证及维持术后肛门功能的可能性。方法回顾性总结了1998年10月～2004年10月保留肛门的中、低位直肠癌根治术72例,讨论保肛手术的可行性、术后直肠感觉及肛门功能恢复的可能性,提出保肛手术的适应证。结果98.6%(70/72)的病人下切缘无癌浸润。术后2年内局部复发率为2.8%(3/72)。90.2%(64/72)的病人恢复顺利,术后直肠感觉及肛门功能恢复较满意。结论保肛手术能提高术后生活质量,只要掌握好手术适应证及做到根治性切除,效果是良好的。     

双器械吻合技术在低位直肠癌保肛手术中的应用

目的探讨双器械吻合技术在低位直肠癌保肛手术中的适应证和可行性.方法回顾性分析该院7a间利用双器械吻合技术治疗直肠癌60例的临床资料.结果效果良好,术后病理报告上下缘无癌细胞;无手术死亡,吻合口漏1例(1.67%),吻合口狭窄2例(3.33%),全部病例8个月后大便功能正常.结论双器械吻合技术可扩大Dixon手术适合证范围,而且提高了患者生存质量.     

Predictive value of rectal bleeding in screening for rectal and sigmoid polyps

Overt rectal bleeding is a common symptom of colorectal cancer and polyps but also occurs in apparently healthy people. It is not known how often this represents bleeding from an undiagnosed rectal or sigmoid polyp or cancer. Three hundred and nineteen apparently healthy men aged over 50, selected by random sampling, were interviewed and underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy to at least 30 cm. Polyps of 10 mm or more in diameter were diagnosed in 12, one of whom also had an adenocarcinoma. Rectal bleeding during the previous six months was reported by 48, four of whom were found to have polyps; seven polyps and one cancer were diagnosed among the 271 who reported no rectal bleeding. Rectal bleeding had a specificity of 86%, a sensitivity of 33%, and a positive predictive value of 8% for rectal or sigmoid polyps or cancer. Restricting the analysis to those subjects who regularly inspected their stools did not improve the predictive value. Sigmoidoscopy in apparently healthy subjects with rectal bleeding will not result in the diagnosis of appreciable numbers of rectal and sigmoid polyps or cancers.     

Ergotamine-induced solitary rectal ulcer

A rare case of ergotamine-induced solitary rectal ulcer is described in a 41 year old woman who used high doses of ergotamine tartrate-containing suppositories for severe migraine headaches. Complete recovery of the ulcer was noticed after cessation of treatment with the suppositories. The relevant literature is discussed.