超声引导TPVB与全麻在乳腺癌保乳术快速康复中的应用比较

目的分析比较超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞麻醉(thoracic paravertebral nerve block, TPVB)与全身麻醉在乳腺癌保乳术快速康复中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2016年12月～2018年12月在我院乳甲外科行乳腺癌保乳手术的76例女性患者的临床资料,其中采用超声引导TPVB(T组)39例,全身麻醉(G组) 37例。比较两组患者麻醉效果、术后疼痛评分及快速康复情况。结果在T2、T4时间点,T组血压、心率波动低于G组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术中舒芬太尼使用量、患者术后8 h内VAS评分(静息/咳嗽)、恢复饮食时间及首次下床活动时间比较,T组均少于G组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论超声引导TPVB应用于乳腺癌保乳术安全有效,有利于促进患者术后康复。     

胸椎旁神经阻滞用于乳腺癌根治术后镇痛的临床疗效评价

目的评价超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞在乳腺癌根治术后镇痛中的临床效果。方法选择接受乳腺癌根治术的女性患者60例,随机分为2组,超声引导下椎旁神经阻滞(thoracic paravertebral block,TPVB)组和对照组,各30例TPVB组患者在超声引导下实施胸椎旁神经阻滞,给予0.5%罗哌卡因20 ml;对照组给予等量的生理盐水。两组患者在静吸复合麻醉下完成手术,术后均采用经静脉患者自控镇痛(PCIA)。评价术后1、4、8、12、24、48小时静止和运动视觉模拟评分(VAS)、舒芬太尼用量和不良反应。随访患者术后3个月和6个月慢性疼痛情况。结果 TPVB组患者在术后1、4、8、12小时静止和运动VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者术后48小时静止和术后24、48小时运动VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义;TPVB组PCIA舒芬太尼用量明显少于对照组(P0.01);TPVB组患者术后恶心和呕吐的发生率分别为17.2%和6.9%,对照组分别为43.3%和26.7%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。TPVB组术患者后3个月和6个月疼痛的发生率分别为13.8%和6.9%;对照组分别为36.7%和30%。结论超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞可以为乳腺癌根治术患者提供良好的术后镇痛,减少阿片类药物的用量和不良反应,降低慢性疼痛的发生率。     

超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉对老年乳腺癌手术患者认知功能的影响

目的探讨超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)联合全身麻醉对老年乳腺癌手术患者认知功能的影响。方法选择2015-06—2019-07间在河南开封市中医院接受手术的210例乳腺癌患者,随机分为2组,各105例。A组行超声引导下TPVB联合全身麻醉,B组行单纯全麻。比较两种麻醉方式的效果。结果A组患者插管后、手术切皮开始15 min时、拔管前即刻时的HR、MAP,术后1周简易智力状态检查量表评分,手术切皮开始15 min及术后第1天的MMP-9、ADP,以及术后1周POCD的发生率等指标,均显著优于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下TPVB联合全身麻醉可抑制MMP-9表达,促进ADP释放,有助于改善老年乳腺癌术后患者的认知功能。     

超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞和菱形肌-肋间肌阻滞对胸腔镜术后恢复质量的影响

目的 观察超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)和菱形肌-肋间肌阻滞(RIB)对胸腔镜手术患者术后早期疼痛及术后康复质量的影响。
方法 选择全麻下行胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者78例,男51例,女27例,年龄50～70岁,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。随机分为两组:超声引导下TPVB组(A组)和超声引导下RIB组(B组),每组39例。全麻诱导前,A组、B组分别采用0.33%罗哌卡因25 ml行超声引导下TPVB和RIB。记录阻滞操作时间和阻滞持续时间。记录术后2、6、24静息和活动时VAS疼痛评分。记录术后24 h内舒芬太尼用量和补救镇痛例数。记录开始进食时间、开始下地时间和术后住院时间。记录PACU低氧血症、气胸、穿刺部位出血或血肿、局麻药中毒、术后谵妄、术后肺不张、恶心呕吐等并发症的发生情况。
结果 B组阻滞操作时间明显短于A组(P<0.05)。两组阻滞持续时间、不同时点静息和活动时VAS疼痛评分、术后24 h内舒芬太尼用量、补救镇痛率、开始进食时间、开始下地时间、术后住院时间差异无统计学意义。两组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义。
结论 在胸腔镜肺癌根治术中,行超声引导下菱形肌-肋间肌阻滞的患者术后恢复质量不差于行胸椎旁神经阻滞的患者。     

超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞联合静脉镇痛应用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的镇痛效果

目的探讨超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)联合静脉镇痛用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者术后镇痛的效果。方法将接受LC的72例患者随机分为2组,各36例。对照组采取静脉镇痛,观察组采取超声引导下TPVB+静脉镇痛。比较2组术后2、12、24、48 h安静、咳嗽时视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)及不良反应。结果观察组患者术后2、12、24、48 h安静、咳嗽时VAS评分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论超声引导下TPVB联合静脉镇痛应用于LC患者,可明显减轻术后疼痛程度,减少阿片类药物的用量,不良反应较少。     

腰丛联合坐骨神经阻滞对老年患者髋关节术后认知功能与血浆S100β的影响

目的观察腰丛联合坐骨神经阻滞复合全身麻醉对老年患者髋关节术后认知功能与血浆S100β的影响。方法择期行髋关节手术的老年患者60例,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,年龄65~85岁,按随机数字表法分为两组,每组30例。G组患者常规气管插管全麻,L组患者在超声引导下行腰丛及骶旁坐骨神经阻滞后行气管插管全麻。评估术前、术后1、3、7d的MMSE评分;检测术前、术后1h、7d晨08:00时颈内静脉血浆S100β浓度。记录术中低血压发生情况。结果术后1d,两组MMSE评分均明显低于术前,且G组明显低于L组(P0.05);术后3d,G组MMSE评分明显低于术前(P0.05)。G组有18例(56.7%)POCD,明显高于L组的10例(33.3%)(P0.05)。术后1h,两组血浆S100β浓度均明显高于术前,且G组明显高于L组(P0.05)。术中低血压发生率两组差异无统计学意义。结论腰丛联合骶旁坐骨神经阻滞可有效降低老年患者髋关节手术的应激反应,降低POCD发生率。     

超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞对胸腔镜手术患者苏醒质量及术后镇痛的影响

目的评估超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞(thoracic paravertebral nerve block, TPVB)复合全麻对胸腔镜下肺叶切除术患者苏醒质量及术后镇痛的影响。方法择期行胸腔镜下肺叶切除术患者52例,男34例,女18例,年龄25～65岁,BMI 19～28 kg/m~2, ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。按随机数字表法分为胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全麻组(观察组)和单纯全麻组(对照组),每组26例。麻醉诱导前观察组在超声引导下行单次椎旁神经阻滞,注射0.375%罗哌卡因25 ml;对照组不做任何处理。两组麻醉诱导后均采用全凭静脉麻醉,术后给予患者静脉自控镇痛。记录自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间、术后镇静-躁动评分(SAS),记录术后1、6、12、24、48 h静息及咳嗽时VAS评分,记录镇痛药物使用及恶心呕吐、瘙痒、尿潴留、嗜睡、呼吸抑制和低血压等不良反应的发生情况。结果两组自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间差异无统计学意义。两组术后不同时点静息时VAS评分差异无统计学意义。与对照组比较,观察组术后SAS评分、术后1、6、12 h的咳嗽时VAS评分明显降低(P0.05),术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数明显减少(P0.05)。两组不良反应差异无统计学意义。结论 TPVB联合全麻镇痛效果确切,术后苏醒质量高,可安全有效地用于胸腔镜下肺叶切除术患者。     

超声引导下肋下前路腰方肌阻滞对后腹腔镜肾脏手术后镇痛效果的影响

目的观察和比较超声引导下肋下前路腰方肌阻滞(QLB)与低位胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)用于后腹腔镜肾脏手术后镇痛的效果。方法择期行后腹腔镜肾脏手术患者70例,男38例,女32例,年龄18～65岁,BMI 18～24 kg/m~2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。随机分为肋下前路QLB组(QLB组)和低位TPVB组(TPVB组),每组35例。QLB组行超声引导下患侧肋下前路QLB,TPVB组行超声引导下患侧T_(10)横突水平TPVB,两组分别注入0.33%罗哌卡因30 ml,注药后20 min测定感觉阻滞平面。两组术后行羟考酮PCIA。记录术后0～24 h和24～48 h镇痛泵用量、有效按压次数、总按压次数;记录术后2、6、12、24、36、48 h静息时和运动时的NRS评分;记录术后48 h内补救镇痛和低血压、肌力减退、恶心呕吐、嗜睡等不良反应发生情况。结果 QLB组阻滞平面为T_5—L_2,TPVB组为T_5—T_(12)。QLB组术后0～24 h和24～48 h镇痛泵用量明显低于TPVB组(P0.05),有效按压次数和总按压次数明显少于TPVB组(P0.05),术后12、24、36、48 h运动时NRS评分明显低于TPVB组(P0.05),术后48 h内补救镇痛、恶心呕吐和嗜睡发生率明显低于TPVB组(P0.05)。两组低血压和肌力减退发生率差异无统计学意义。结论与低位TPVB比较,超声引导下肋下前路QLB联合羟考酮PCIA在后腹腔镜肾脏手术后镇痛的效果更显著,持续作用时间更长,不良反应更少。     

前锯肌平面阻滞与胸椎旁阻滞用于胸外科手术患者术后镇痛效果的Meta分析

目的 比较超声引导下前锯肌平面阻滞(SAPB)与胸椎旁阻滞(TPVB)对胸外科手术患者术后镇痛的效果。方法 检索Cochrane、Pubmed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、维普、万方和中国生物医学全文数据库,纳入SAPB与TPVB在成人胸外科手术后镇痛比较的随机对照试验(RCT)。按照Cochrane指导手册选择文献、提取资料及评价研究质量。采用RevMan 5.4进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入8篇RCTs,共计434例患者,其中SAPB组217例,TPVB组217例。两组术后1、2、4、6、12、24、48 h的静息及活动时VAS疼痛评分差异无统计学意义。SAPB组术后48 h内阿片类药物用量明显低于TPVB组(MD=-9.34μg, 95%CI-17.1～-1.58μg,P=0.02),低血压发生率明显低于TPVB组(RR=0.23, 95%CI 0.07～0.76,P=0.02)。结论 超声引导下SAPB与TPVB对胸外科手术患者术后镇痛效果相当,但采用SAPB患者术后阿片类药物用量明显减少、低血压发生率明显降低。     

臂丛神经阻滞与全麻对老年患者术后恢复的影响

目的 比较观察超声联合神经刺激仪引导臂丛神经阻滞和气管插管全麻对老年患者术后恢复的影响.方法 60例ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级择期实施上肢手术的65岁以上老年患者,随机均分为两组:超声联合神经刺激仪引导臂丛神经阻滞组(N组)和气管插管全麻组(G组).记录两组患者术中或术后发生心血管系统异常、呼吸系统并发症、术后苏醒延迟、术后恶心呕吐(PONV)、入ICU的发生率.结果与G组比较,N组患者心血管系统异常发生率差异无统计学意义,呼吸系统并发症、术后苏醒延迟、PONV和入ICU发生率均较低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 超声联合神经刺激仪引导实施臂丛神经阻滞成功率高,麻醉恢复快,并发症少,安全可靠,可在老年患者上肢手术麻醉时选用.     

肛肠手术后慢性疼痛的危险因素分析

目的 探讨肛肠手术后慢性疼痛（CPSP）的危险因素。
方法 收集2018年8月至2019年10月择期行肛肠手术746例患者资料,并记录人口学特征、合并症、术前疼痛情况、围术期情况等。通过电话随访术后1、3个月时的疼痛情况,根据术后是否发生CPSP将患者分为两组：CPSP组和非CPSP组。采用多因素Logistic回归分析CPSP的危险因素。
结果 有37例（4.96％）患者发生CPSP。与非CPSP组比较,CPSP组术前合并疼痛、高血压、贫血、术后7 d VAS疼痛评分>3分、术后发生出血、睡眠障碍和便秘的比例明显升高（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,术前疼痛（OR=3.022,P=0.013）、术前贫血（OR=2.235,P=0.017）、术后出血（OR=3.511,P=0.034）、术后睡眠障碍（OR=2.345,P=0.003）以及术后7 d VAS疼痛评分>3分（OR=4.323,P=0.006）是发生肛肠手术后CPSP的危险因素。
结论 肛肠手术CPSP发生率较低,术前疼痛、术前贫血、术后出血、术后睡眠障碍以及术后7 d VAS疼痛评分>3分是发生肛肠手术CPSP的危险因素。     

The impact of fascia iliaca compartment block on chronic postsurgical pain in patients undergoing hip fracture repair

Study objectiveChronic postsurgical pain (CPSP), i.e. pain persisting >3 months, may appear after any type of surgery. There is a paucity of literature addressing CPSP development after hip fracture repair and the impact of any analgesic intervention on the development of CPSP in patients after hip fracture surgery. This study is the first aiming to examine the impact of ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block (USG FICB) on the development of CPSP after hip fracture repair.DesignProspective randomized study.SettingOperating room.Patients182 patients scheduled for hip fracture surgery.InterventionsPatients were randomized to receive a USG FICB (FICB group) or a sham saline injection (sham FICB group), twenty minutes before positioning for spinal anesthesia.MeasurementsThe hip – related characteristic pain intensity (CPI) at 3- months post-surgery was the primary outcome measure. Presence and severity of hip-related pain at 3- and 6-months post-surgery, numeric rating pain scale (NRS) scores at 6, 24, 36, 48 postoperative hours, total 24-hour tramadol PCA administration and timing of the first tramadol dose, were documented as well.Main resultsFICB group presented with lower CPI scores 3- months postoperatively (p < 0.01), as well as lower percentage of patients with high-grade CPSP, 3 and 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). FICB group also showed significantly lower NRS scores in all instances, lower total 24 – hour tramadol consumption and higher mean time to first tramadol dose (p < 0.05). The overall sample of 182 patients reported a considerably high incidence of hip –related CPSP (60% at 3 months, 45% at 6 months).ConclusionsUSG FICB in the perioperative setting may reduce the incidence, intensity and severity of CPSP at 3 and 6 months after hip fracture surgery, providing safe and effective postoperative analgesia.     

Mutaciones y variaciones estructurales en el gen catecol-O-metiltransferasa de los pacientes que exhiben dolor quirúrgico persistente crónico

ObjectivesMutations in the exon 4 of the COMT gene are associated with chronic persistent surgical pain (CPSP). Especially COMT mutated allele G472A (Val158Met) associated with CPSP patients is reported in different ethnic population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of genetic mutations and structural variations in exon 4 of COMT that can be related to the appearance of CPSP in patients under sternotomy.Materials and methodsOne hundred patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status grades i, ii and iii, who underwent sternotomy procedures, were selected to assess the development and magnitude of the CPSP evaluated with pain questionaries’ at the end of three months after surgery. This was correlated with COMT allele presence. The exon 4 of COMT gene (that contains the G472A allele) was studied. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were sequenced and mutated sequences were deposited in GenBank®. The structural analysis of COMT was performed using ProCheck® and distortions of three-dimensional tertiary structural orientation was evaluated with root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) score.ResultsGenetic analysis carried out through PCR showed 220 bp amplicons. The 25% of patients with CPSP showed a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) > 4 pain score. The 20% of these patients have known Val158Met mutation, 5% of patients showed novel mutations c.382C>G, c.383G>C, p.(Arg128Ala). The mutations in COMT gene contributed major structural variations in COMT leading to the formation of inactive COMT that correlates with CPSP.ConclusionThe results of the present study showed that both novel and previously reported mutations in COMT gene has strong association with CPSP.     

Lack of association between breast reconstructive surgery and the development of chronic pain after mastectomy: A propensity matched retrospective cohort analysis

ObjectivesTo compare if mastectomy with reconstructive surgery had greater incidence of chronic pain compared to mastectomy surgery alone.Materials and methodsThe study was a retrospective cohort. Patients who underwent mastectomies with and without reconstruction responded to the modified short form Brief Pain Inventory and the short form McGill pain questionnaire to identify and characterize pain at least 6 months after the surgical procedure. Propensity matching analysis was used to control for covariates differences in the study groups.Results310 subjects were included and 132 patients (43%) reported the presence of chronic pain. After propensity score matching to adjust for covariate imbalances, the incidence of chronic pain in the mastectomy group who had additional surgery for breast reconstruction was not different compared to the group who had mastectomy surgery alone, 26 out of 68 (38%) and 27 out of 68 (39%), respectively P = 1.0. Among patients who had chronic pain, breast reconstruction did not increase the intensity of worst pain in the last 24 h, median (IQR) of 2 (1–5) compared to 4 (1–5) in the no reconstruction group, P = 0.41. Type of reconstruction (breast implants vs. flap tissue) did not result in greater incidence and/or intensity of chronic pain.ConclusionsBreast reconstruction after mastectomy does not result in a greater incidence of chronic pain compared to mastectomy alone. Female patients undergoing breast cancer surgery should not incorporate chronic pain in their decision to undergo reconstructive surgery after mastectomy.     

Reducing Persistent Postoperative Pain and Disability 1 Year After Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized,Controlled Trial Comparing Thoracic Paravertebral Block to Local Anesthetic Infiltration

Background

The objective of this study was to compare the effect of thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) and local anesthetic (LA) on persistent postoperative pain (PPP) 1 year following breast cancer surgery. Secondary objectives were to compare the effect on arm morbidity and quality of life.

Methods

Women scheduled for elective breast cancer surgery were randomly assigned to either TPVB or LA followed by general anesthesia. An NRS value of >3 at rest or with movement 1 year following surgery defined PPP. Blinded interim analysis suggested rates of PPP much lower than anticipated, making detection of the specified 20 % absolute reduction in the primary outcome impossible. Recruitment was stopped, and all enrolled patients were followed to 1 year.

Results

A total of 145 participants were recruited; 65 were randomized to TPVB and 64 to LA. Groups were similar with respect to demographic and treatment characteristics. Only 9 patients (8 %; 95 % CI 4–14 %) met criteria for PPP 1 year following surgery; 5 were in the TPVB and 4 in the LA group. Brief Pain Inventory severity and interference scores were low in both groups. Arm morbidity and quality of life were similar in both groups. The 9 patients with PPP reported shoulder-arm morbidity and reduced quality of life.

Conclusions

This study reports a low incidence of chronic pain 1 year following major breast cancer surgery. Although PPP was uncommon at 1 year, it had a large impact on the affected patients’ arm morbidity and quality of life.     

漏斗胸患者Nuss手术后慢性疼痛的危险因素

目的探讨漏斗胸微创矫正术(Nuss手术)后慢性疼痛的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2019年9月择期行胸腔镜Nuss手术患者168例,男130例,女38例。收集患者联系方式、人口学资料、术前合并症、漏斗胸严重程度分级、神经阻滞情况、手术时间和术后24 h VAS疼痛评分。电话随访患者或家属完成术后慢性疼痛情况、术后并发症、对日常生活的影响、是否服用镇痛药物的问卷调查。根据问卷调查结果将患者分为两组:慢性疼痛组(P组)和非慢性疼痛组(N组)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析患者Nuss手术后慢性疼痛的独立危险因素。结果有78例(46.4%)发生了不同程度的慢性疼痛。P组年龄、体重明显大于N组,术前合并症比例、漏斗胸严重程度明显高于N组(P<0.001)。P组术后24 h VAS疼痛评分及术后并发症发生率明显高于N组(P<0.001),对日常生活的影响程度明显大于N组(P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,漏斗胸严重程度分级(中度OR=3.043,95%CI 1.235~7.498;重度OR=15.856,95%CI 2.765~90.981)、术后有并发症(OR=3.642,95%CI 1.517~8.743)、术后24 h VAS疼痛评分(每增高1分OR=2.716,95%CI 1.600~4.612)是Nuss手术后慢性疼痛的独立危险因素。结论漏斗胸患者Nuss手术后慢性疼痛存在较高的发病率,漏斗胸严重程度、术后并发症和术后24 h VAS疼痛评分是漏斗胸患者Nuss手术后慢性疼痛的预警因素。     

前锯肌平面阻滞与胸椎旁神经阻滞用于胸腔镜手术患者术后镇痛效果的比较

目的比较前锯肌平面阻滞与胸椎旁神经阻滞用于胸腔镜手术患者术后的镇痛效果。方法选择择期行胸腔镜手术患者60例,男38例,女22例,年龄18～65岁,BMI 18～25kg/m2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法分为前锯肌平面阻滞组(S组)和胸椎旁阻滞组(T组),每组30例。两组患者均采用支气管插管静脉全身麻醉,术后采用PCIA。S组于麻醉诱导前行超声引导下前锯肌平面阻滞,T组则行超声引导下胸椎旁阻滞,两组均使用0.4%罗哌卡因30ml,阻滞完成后30min使用针刺法测定并记录感觉阻滞平面;记录阻滞操作时间、起效时间、持续时间;记录术后2、4、8、12、24、48h的静息和咳嗽VAS评分;记录首次按压镇痛泵时间、术后48h内镇痛泵有效按压次数、舒芬太尼使用总量和哌替啶补救性镇痛例数;记录阻滞相关并发症、镇痛不良反应发生情况。结果与T组比较,S组阻滞操作时间明显缩短,阻滞持续时间明显延长(P0.01);S组术后12h静息时和咳嗽时VAS评分明显降低(P0.01),S组PCIA首次按压时间明显延长,S组PCIA 48h内按压次数、舒芬太尼使用量明显减少(P0.01),两组气胸、恶心呕吐发生率差异无统计学意义。结论超声引导下前锯肌平面阻滞或胸椎旁阻滞均可为胸腔镜手术患者提供良好术后镇痛,但前锯肌平面阻滞较胸椎旁阻滞作用更持久、操作时间更短、并发症更少,且能有效减少患者术后对阿片类药物的需求量。     

Efeito do bloqueio paravertebral torácico na redução de seroma em cirurgia de mama – estudo randomizado controlado

BackgroundIncreasing number of patients are being operated because of breast cancer. Seroma is the most common problem that occurs after surgery that increases morbidity. For postoperative pain management, Thoracic Paravertebral Block (TPVB) has long been considered the gold standard technique. With performing TPVB, sympathetic nerves are also blocked.ObjectiveWith this study, we aimed to search the effect of TPVB on seroma reduction in patients who undergo mastectomy and axillary node dissection surgery.MethodsForty ASA I–II female patients aged 18–65, who were scheduled to go under elective unilateral mastectomy and axillary lymph node resection were included to the study. Patients were randomized into two groups as TPVB and control group. Ultrasound guided TPVB with 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine was performed at T1 level preoperatively to the TPVB group patients. All patients were provided with i.v. patient‐controlled analgesia device. Seroma formation amounts, morphine consumptions and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) scores for pain were recorded 24^th hour postoperatively.Results and conclusionsMean seroma formation at postoperative 24^th hour was 112.5 ± 53.3 mL in the control group and 74.5 ± 47.4 mL in the TPVB group (p = 0.022). NRS scores were similar between two groups (p = 0.367) at postoperative 24^th hour but mean morphine consumption at postoperative 24^th hour was 5.6 ± 4 mg in the TPBV group, and 16.6 ± 6.9 mg in the control group (p < 0.001). TPVB reduces the amount of seroma formation while providing effective analgesia in patients who undergo mastectomy and axillary lymph node removal surgery.     

脊柱侧弯矫形手术患者术后肺部并发症的危险因素

目的 分析脊柱侧弯矫形手术患者术后肺部并发症(PPCs)的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2013年8月至2020年10月择期行后入路脊柱侧弯矫形手术的463例患者病历资料。根据患者术后是否发生PPCs分为两组：PPCs组和非PPCs组。采用倾向性评分匹配和多因素Logistic回归分析脊柱侧弯矫形手术患者发生PPCs的相关危险因素。结果 有154例(33.3%)患者发生PPCs。将性别、年龄、ASA分级、吸烟史、高血压病史、Cobb角作为匹配因子进行倾向性评分匹配,再进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示术中输注异体红细胞(OR=1.983, 95%CI 1.135～3.465,P=0.016)和手术时间延长(OR=1.426, 95%CI 1.112～1.831,P=0.005)是发生PPCs的独立危险因素。结论 手术时间延长、术中输注异体红细胞是脊柱侧弯矫形手术术后肺部并发症发生的危险因素。     

Estudio comparativo entre bloqueo paravertebral torácico,bloqueo de los nervios pectorales y bloqueo del músculo erector de la columna ecoguiados para el manejo del dolor en cirugías de cáncer de mama. Estudio controlado aleatorizado

ObjectivesAchieving adequate perioperative analgesia can be challenging in patients undergoing breast surgeries due to the complex nerve supply of the breast and axilla. The study aims to investigate the efficacy of ESPB in comparison to conventional regional anesthesia techniques (TPVB and PECS).MethodsEighty female patients who were scheduled for elective MRM, with ASA score I-II, and aged between 18 and 60 years, were included in the study. Patients were randomized into four groups: the TPVB, PECS, ESPB, and the control group. All patients in either block groups received 25 ml bupivacaine 0.25% with ultrasound guidance. The control group received only opioids for perioperative pain management. The patients were observed for 48 hours after surgery for the duration of analgesia (primary outcome)ResultsESPB has a shorter duration of analgesia than PECS block with no significant statistical difference compared with group TPVB. Morphine consumption is increased in ESPB compared to the PECS group, with an insignificant difference compared to group TPVB. There was an insignificant difference between the groups concerning hemodynamics and complications, with one pneumothorax case reported in the TPVB group.ConclusionPECS and ESPB represent a good alternative to TPVB for post-mastectomy analgesia with a superior analgesic effect of PECS block regarding opioid consumption, duration of the analgesia, and VAS score.