经动静脉双路径同步治疗深静脉血栓临床应用

目的：评价经动静脉双路径同步治疗下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）的疗效。方法回顾性分析37例下肢深静脉血栓溶栓治疗患者,在行下腔静脉滤器置入术后,其中16例患者行动静脉双路径同步溶栓及抗凝治疗。21例患者行单纯患肢静脉溶栓导管置入或患肢足背静脉溶栓术。结果随访37例患者均未出现大出血和致死性肺动脉栓塞等严重并发症,20例患者下肢DVT完全或大部分溶解,13例部分溶解,4例仍较多血栓,但深静脉主干基本出现,有较多侧枝循环。其中动静脉同步溶栓治疗中,完全或大部分溶解12例,单纯静脉溶栓完全或大部分溶解的有8例。结论经动静脉双路径同步治疗下肢深静脉血栓是一种安全可行、疗效好、操作相对简单的方法,较单纯静脉溶栓时间缩短,尿激酶用量减少,而且静脉完全溶解率升高。     

介入性综合治疗下肢深静脉血栓的临床应用

目的 评价介入性综合治疗下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的疗效.方法 回顾性分析经介入性溶栓治疗33例下肢DVT患者,其中10例患者仅行下腔静脉滤器植入术,术后溶栓抗凝治疗.23例患者行下腔静脉滤器植入术和同期患侧股髂静脉开通术.结果 随访33例患者均未出现大出血和致死性肺动脉栓塞等严重并发症,23例患者下肢DVT完全溶解,10例部分溶解.结论 介入性综合治疗下肢DVT是一种安全可行、疗效好的方法.     

经皮导管抽吸去栓术治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的：探讨经皮导管抽吸去栓术在急性下肢深静脉血栓形成（deep venous thrombosis,DVT）综合介入治疗术中的临床应用价值。方法：34例左侧急性下肢DVT,均经右侧股静脉穿刺置入下腔静脉滤器,随后经左侧股静脉或胭静脉穿刺插管,行导管抽吸去栓,最后对左侧髂总静脉进行球囊血管成形术。结果：31例血栓一次性清除,3例部分清除;所有病例均存在左髂静脉受压综合征;左下肢水肿完全消退30例,部分消退4例;未出现肺栓塞或其它并发症,随访6～52个月,临床治愈者元复发。结论：经皮导管抽吸去栓术治疗急性下肢DVT是一种快捷、有效的方法,值得临床推广。     

左髂静脉受压综合征并发下肢深静脉血栓形成的综合介入治疗

目的 探讨介入治疗髂髂静脉受压综合征并发左下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床价值.方法 对28例左髂静脉受压综合征并发左下肢深静脉血栓形成患者采用经颈静脉插管溶栓、左髂静脉球囊扩张及支架治疗,部分血栓已蔓延至下腔静脉的患者在溶栓前行下腔静脉滤器置入.结果 28例患者均在术前彩色多普勒超声检查及术中造影检查明确诊断;5例行可回收性下腔静脉滤器置入,所有患者均经颈静脉置入溶栓导管于髂股静脉进行溶栓治疗,髂股静脉血栓溶解率100%,溶栓后均予以球囊扩张左髂总静脉,其中6例置入髂静脉支架.术后肢体肿胀症状明显减轻或消失,随访3～12个月临床效果满意.结论 采用滤器置入、经颈静脉溶栓、髂静脉球囊扩张及支架治疗左髂静脉受压综合征并发左下肢深静脉血栓形成是一种安全、微创、有效的治疗手段,具有较好的效果,值得临床推广.     

下肢深静脉血栓形成的时间与导管局部溶栓疗效关系

目的探讨经导管局部溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的溶栓时间与疗效关系。方法56例患者,病程1~14 d者22例(A组),病程15~40 d者34例(B组)。全部患者均经右颈内静脉途径置入导管行尿激酶溶栓治疗。结果A组:导管溶栓时间为5~11 d,平均为(7.1±5.9)d;血栓完全溶解19例(86.4%),部分溶解3例(13.6%)。B组:导管溶栓时间为7~18 d,平均为(11.3±7.2)d,显著高于A组(P<0.05),血栓完全溶解28例(82.4%),部分溶解6例(17.6%),2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于病程较长的下肢DVT,延长导管溶栓时间,可获得较好的疗效。     

腔内介入治疗Cockett综合征伴左下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的 探讨Cockett综合征伴左下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)腔内介入治疗的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2015年1月收治的256例Cockett综合征伴左下肢DVT患者,采用经导管接触溶栓、球囊扩张闭塞/狭窄段或支架植入术治疗,比较治疗前后患肢周径差、远期通畅率.结果 256例Cockett综合征伴左下肢DVT患者中232例(90.6％)血栓完全溶解.24例(9.4％)部分溶解,治疗前后患肢大腿与小腿周径差分别为(7.12±2.15) cm、(4.57±2.81) cm.206例髂静脉重建患者中单纯球囊扩张46例,球囊扩张联合髂静脉支架植入160例;平均随访15个月(9～24个月),单纯球囊扩张患者失访3例,出现髂静脉闭塞26例(60.5％),血栓后综合征(PTS)21例(48.8％),球囊扩张联合支架植入患者失访11例,支架狭窄/闭塞13例(8.7％),PTS 15例(10.1％),两组闭塞/狭窄、PTS差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).结论 导管接触溶栓、球囊扩张联合支架植入治疗Cockett综合征,具有确切的临床疗效.     

彩色多普勒超声在下肢深静脉血栓治疗中的应用

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声在下肢深静脉血栓(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)治疗中的监测价值。方法:38例骨科术后下肢DVT患者均经药物抗凝、溶栓治疗。其中12例中央型DVT患者行下腔静脉滤器置入后导管溶栓治疗,26例周围型DVT患者采用足背静脉推注溶栓药物治疗,7d为1个疗程。于溶栓治疗1、3、5、7d后分别行彩色多普勒超声检查,动态观察血栓变化及消溶情况。结果:彩色多普勒超声显示溶栓治疗1、3、5、7d后分别有1例、8例、17例、27例血栓全部消溶、静脉管腔完全再通;1个疗程结束后,尚有11例血栓未完全消溶,血栓段深静脉部分再通。38例下肢DVT中,显效27例(71%),有效11例(29%),无效0例。结论:彩色多普勒超声可实时监测下肢DVT治疗过程中血栓动态变化及消溶情况,客观评价溶栓疗效,为临床治疗提供科学依据。     

机械性血栓清除术联合同期髂静脉支架植入治疗合并左髂静脉受压综合征的急性下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的：评价经皮机械性血栓清除术联合同期髂静脉支架植入治疗合并左髂静脉受压综合征的急性下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）形成的可行性、安全性及有效性。 方法：选取2015年4月-2017年6月收治左髂静脉受压综合征伴急性下肢DVT的患者33例,发病时间6 h-14 d,平均年龄（57.97±14.44）岁。所有患者均在滤器保护下进行治疗。AngioJet血栓清除术、球囊扩张和髂静脉支架植入均在同期完成,术后保留鞘管予以溶栓治疗,每天复查造影,若血栓完全溶解,取出下腔静脉滤器并结束溶栓。术后第1、3、6、12个月进行门诊随访,行彩色超声和（或）下肢静脉造影检查了解下肢深静脉及髂支架内血流通畅情况。 结果：33例患者均同期完成手术,技术成功率100%,AngioJet抽吸时间为（224.70±72.78）s,溶栓时间（34.00±15.37）h,尿激酶用量（112.58±49.92）万U。33例患者同期植入髂静脉支架33枚。血栓清除率Ⅲ级患者29例,血栓清除率Ⅱ级患者4例。无出血、症状性肺栓等严重并发症发生。术后随访1例患者术后两月血栓复发,32例患者术后随访超声和（或）下肢静脉造影检查提示下肢深静脉及髂静脉支架内血流通畅。 结论：机械性血栓清除术联合同期髂静脉支架植入治疗合并左髂静脉受压综合征的急性下肢深静脉血栓形成是一种安全有效的方法。     

急性肺栓塞合并下肢深静脉血栓形成的介入治疗

目的 评价急性肺栓塞(acute pulmonary embolism,APE)合并下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的介入治疗效果.资料与方法 17例APE合并下肢DVT患者,采用下腔静脉滤器置入、猪尾导管碎栓、经导管尿激酶溶栓及抗凝治疗.结果 所有患者临床症状均明显缓解.经导管尿激酶溶栓时间为5～18天,平均(9.4±5.3)天.肺动脉血栓完全溶解16例,部分溶解1例;下肢DVT完全溶解14例,部分溶解3例.溶栓治疗结束时,下腔静脉滤器取出14例,永久性留置3例.血尿2例,无其他并发症.10例随访2～18个月,无PE及下肢DVT复发.结论 介入治疗APE合并下肢DVT是一种安全、有效的方法.     

同期血栓机械清除联合髂静脉支架植入治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成12例北大核心CSCD

目的评价经皮机械血栓清除术(PMT)联合髂静脉支架植入一期治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的可行性、安全性及有效性。方法 2014年12月至2016年1月收治12例急性下肢DVT伴左侧髂静脉受压综合征(IVCS)患者,男3例,女9例,平均年龄(50.42±16.21)岁;均有左下肢肿胀、疼痛症状,其中中央型3例,混合型9例。所有患者术前均置入下腔静脉滤器,术后取出。Angio Jet血栓清除导管PMT术、球囊扩张和髂静脉支架植入均在同期完成,复查造影有残余血栓时保留鞘管,给予溶栓治疗。术后1、3、6、12个月门诊随访,彩色超声和(或)下肢静脉造影复查了解深静脉及支架内血流通畅情况。结果 12例患者均同期完成手术,技术成功率100%。手术时间60~110 min,平均(96.25±14.32)min;血栓抽吸时间51~280 s,平均(199.92±74.89)s。血栓清除率Ⅲ级10例,Ⅱ级2例,临床症状均得到缓解。除部分患者在左髂总静脉球囊扩张中有不同程度疼痛外,无肺栓塞、严重出血等并发症发生。平均随访(5.58±2.75)个月,11例彩色超声和(或)下肢静脉造影提示深静脉及髂静脉支架内血流通畅,1例脑星形细胞瘤手术患者复发。结论同期PMT联合髂静脉支架植入治疗急性下肢DVT方法安全可行,初步临床疗效满意。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.