硬毛耳草化学成分的研究

从茜草科耳草属植物硬毛耳草Hedyotislindleyanu中分离鉴定了12个化合物，经光谱和化学方法鉴定为：山柰酚（kampferol，Ⅰ），尿黑酸（gentisicacid，Ⅱ），β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol，Ⅲ），乌苏酸（ursolicacid，Ⅳ），5，5'，6，7，8-五甲氧基-3'，4'-二氧亚甲基黄酮（5，5'，6，7，8-pentamethoxy-3'，4'-methylenedioxy-flavone，Ⅴ），东莨菪内酯（scopoletin，Ⅵ），七叶内酯二甲醚（aesculetin6，7-dimethylether，Ⅶ），3'，4'，5，6，7-五甲氧基黄酮（3'，4'，5，6，7-pentamethoxy-flavone，Ⅷ），3'，4'，5'，5，6，7-六甲氧基黄酮（3'，4'，5'，5，6，7-hexamethoxy-flavone，Ⅸ），3'，4'，5'，5，6，7，8-七甲氧基黄酮（3'，4'，5'，5，6，7，8-heptamethoxy-flavone，Ⅹ），3'，4'，5，6，7，8-六甲氧基黄酮（3'，4'，5，6，7，8-hexamethoxy-flavone，Ⅺ），4'-羟基-3'，5'，5，6，7-五甲氧基黄酮（4'-hydroxy-3'，5'，5，6，7-pentamethoxy-flavone，Ⅻ），均为首次从该植物中得到。     

以大量胸腔及心包积液为主要症状的急性白血病一例报告

患儿，男，8岁，因咳嗽，低热40天，伴气紧30天入院，入院时查体：营养不良貌，神志清楚，呼吸急促，35次/分，唇周无明显发绀，无三凹征，全身皮肤及粘膜无黄染，未见瘀斑、瘀点，全身浅表淋巴结不大，气管左偏，右侧胸廊饱满，肋间隙饱满，语颤减弱，大片叩浊，呼吸音消失，左侧呼吸音略粗，心率140次/分，律剂，心音有力，腹软，肝肋下8cm，剑下8cm，质硬，压痛阳性，脾未及，移动性浊音可颖，四肢肌胀力正常。     

结核性腹膜炎伴盆腔广泛性团块1例治疗报告

雷某，女，34岁，已婚，农民，湖北省洪湖市人，2001年6月8日初诊。起病于1991年，患者因长期发烧，下腹部胀满疼痛，先后在两家医院以“下腹囊性包块”、“阑尾周围脓肿”实施剖腹探查，经病检后，诊断为结核性腹膜炎。尔后，一直坚持抗痨治疗，间断性抽腹水等对症处理，治疗达10年之久，病情未见明显好转。经友人介绍，前来就诊：形体瘦弱，面暗失泽，肌肤甲错，午后身热，心悸气短，下腹胀满紧急，腹水明显，腹内如火灼，可扪及大小不等的团块，双下肢呈轻度浮肿，口渴少饮，纳少乏味，大便干结，小便短少，月经不调，经量甚少，血色紫暗，舌红苔黄垢，脉沉涩而有弦象。胸部X光片示：未见异常。     

罕见更年期综合征1例

患者，女，48岁。以手足心，背心，头顶部灼痛及两肋下冷痛1年余，加重3个月就诊。1年前不明原因出现手足心，背心，头顶部灼热疼痛（如火烧感）及两肋下冷痛（如触冰感），伴严重失眠，头晕，精神萎靡，纳差，口苦等，大便正常，小便淋沥不畅，但无尿痛。无外伤史，传染病史，家庭史，月经一直正常。经多家大医院全面检查（T3，T4，血糖，心电图，B超，X线等），排出结核，甲状腺功能亢进症，颈椎骨质增生，糖尿病，肝炎，肿瘤，心脑血管病变等器质性疾病，拟诊断为更年期综合征，经雌激素替代治疗及中医药治疗，病情一直未见缓解。近3月来，上述症状无明显诱因加重，几乎彻夜不能寐，各处求医未能奏效，遂来我处求治。查：T36．8，P80次／分，R19次／分，BP130／80mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）。发育正常，营养中等，     

拆线时机的选择

荨麻疹中医称为瘾疹，发作时奇痒，成团状，易复发，非常痛苦。本人运用蜂房蝉白汤加减治疗，屡见奇效，一点管窥，与同仁探讨如下。方药组成：蜂房７g，蝉蜕１０g，白鲜皮１０g，防风１０g，苍术１０g，苦参１０g，甘草９g，当归１５g，土茯苓２５g。水煎内服，每日１剂，连服３～５剂。加减：风团色淡，遇冷则发，脉浮紧，偏于风寒者加桂枝９g，荆芥１０g，白芷１０g；风团色红，遇热则发，发热口渴，脉浮数，偏于风热者，加牛蒡子１０g，浮萍１５g，丹参１５g；瘙痒夜间为甚伴有手足心热，口燥咽干，疹色红，脉细数，偏于阴虚血热者加生…     

晚期梅毒树胶肿误诊为湿疹一例

患者，男性，72岁，农民，因左下肢破溃，微痒半年余，加重一月余就诊。患者半年前无明显诱因，于左下肢出现数个黄豆大的皮下结节，暗红色，不疼不痒，逐渐增大，软化，破溃，曾分别到几家医院就诊，均诊断为湿疹，治疗用药不详，均无明显效果，近一月余，破溃加重，感稍痒。体检：一般状况良好，左侧     

肝性脊髓病3例报告

例1，男，52岁。因腹胀，乏力5年伴双下肢活动完全受限1月入院，有乙型肝炎病史20年，5年前因腹部胀满，乏力，黑便就诊，诊为“乙型肝炎，肝硬化，上消化道出血”。经对症治疗病情缓解。10个月前觉双下肢乏力，僵硬，步态不稳，现活动已完全受限，双上肢活动正常。查体：神志清，面色灰暗，巩膜黄染，颈部皮肤有蜘蛛痣，心肺无异常，腹部膨隆，可见脐周静脉曲张，腹水征阳性，双下肢轻度浮肿，肌力Ⅰ级，肌张力增高，双膝腱反射亢进，踝震挛阳性，深、浅感觉正常，颅神经无异常，病理反射未引出。     

结核性脑膜炎误诊为脑出血1例

1病例介绍 患女，56岁；因发热，剧烈头痛，呕吐，抽搐2小时急诊入院。该患于就诊当日上午10时许在劳动中自感头痛，渐加重，呕吐数次，呈喷射性，吐物为胃内容物，咖啡色，随即不省人事，抽搐1次，二便失禁，以“脑出血”收入院。查体：T39．9℃，P82次，分，R13次，分，BP20／12．6kPa，意识不清，呼吸慢，双侧瞳孔等大同圆，对光反射存在，巩膜无黄染，结膜无充血，     

茶苯海拉明致过敏性休克反应一例

1 临床资料 患者，女，72岁，有晕车史，因外出办事，于午饭后，口服乘晕宁（茶苯海拉明）2粒（50mg），20分钟后，随家人在公共汽车站点候车，患者突然感觉到全身瘙痒，尤以双手掌心为甚，继而胸闷，呼吸不畅，口周麻木，面色苍白，皮肤湿冷汗出，无寒战发热，送医院急救，查BP60／40mmHg，P136次／min，R36次／min，患者神志清楚，表情淡漠，双侧瞳孔等大等圆，对光反射存在，心音低钝。     

应用FoxPro统计分析妇产科临床资料

介绍应用ＦｏｘＰｒｏ数据库管理系统对妇产科临床资料进行统计分析，建立取名为ＬＡＢＯＲ．ＤＢＦ数据库，包括１８个字段，依次为：住院号，年龄，孕周，孕次，产次，胎先露，胎儿性别，出生体分娩月份，产后出血量，胎儿异常，１分钟Ａｐｇａｒ评分，５分钟，Ａｐｇａｒ评分，难产，难产指征，术者，助手，其中出生体重，分娩月份，产后出血量３个字段为数值型，是否难产为逻辑值，其余为字符型，利用ＦｏｘＰｒｏ２．５强大的功     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.