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植物雌激素(phytoestrogen,PE)是指来源于植物,结构与雌激素相似,能结合并激活哺乳动物和人类的雌激素受体(e-strogen receptor,ER)而具有雌激素样和抗雌激素活性的杂环多酚类化合物。它们对激素相关疾病有广泛作用,尤其对乳腺癌、前列腺癌、绝经期综合征、心血管病和骨质疏松有一定的预防作用。 相似文献
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植物雌激素(Phytostrogen)是指某些能结合并激活哺乳类动物及人类的雌激素受体,从而具有雌激素样和或抗雌激素活性的植物成分。1979和1982年分别在灵长目和人类尿中发现了植物雌激素;从而使其对人体机能和健康的意义迅速受到了重视。笔者就植物雌激素的来源、生物学效应、潜在副作用等综述如下。 相似文献
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植物雌激素及其在妇科病中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
植物雌激素(phytoestrogens)并非真正的甾体激素,而是植物体内具有弱雌激素作用的化合物,其化学结构与内源性雌激素极为相似,它既具有雌激素特性,又能根据内源性性激素水平与雌激素受体(estrogen receptor, ER)结合,表现出抗雌激素效应.据研究发现,植物雌激素具有多种生理活性,特别对妇女绝经后因雌激素减少引起的骨质疏松症、围绝经期综合征、心血管疾病以及激素依赖性肿瘤等有较好的预防和治疗作用. 相似文献
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植物雌激素类化合物药理学功效及作用机制研究概况 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
植物中具有雌激素活性的化学成分被称为植物雌激素,具有雌激素样或抗雌激素活性。长期以来许多中草药植物被广泛应用于妇女保健和妇科病症的治疗,这些中草药所含有的植物雌激素在其中发挥的药理作用不容忽视。大量研究表明绝经期妇女应用雌激素替代治疗可明显减轻妇女绝经期症状,预防骨质疏松和心血管疾病发病率, 相似文献
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女性绝经后由于雌激素水平降低,极易发生骨质疏松,而临床上常用的抗骨质疏松药不良反应明显,因此将新药研发的重点转向天然来源的植物雌激素。植物雌激素化学结构与17β-雌二醇相似,主要包括异黄酮类、木脂素类、香豆素类化合物,具有多种生理活性;其在体内可与雌激素受体结合并产生双向调节作用,即在不同情况下表现出雌激素样或抗雌激素作用。植物雌激素可通过多种作用机制防治绝经后骨质疏松,实验研究和临床研究均表明当归、杜仲等中药含有的植物雌激素类物质,诸如染料木黄酮、大豆异黄酮及补骨脂对绝经后骨质疏松疗效确切,具有开发利用前景。 相似文献
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甘草是一种来自于豆科甘草属的重要中药,含有400多种化学成分,以黄酮类和三萜类为主,其中黄酮类化合物具有很强的植物雌激素活性,通过调节雌激素受体(ER)、PI3K/Akt和MAPK等多种信号通路治疗包括乳腺癌、神经性、心血管在内的多种疾病。通过查阅PubMed、中国知网数据库搜集相关文献,总结了甘草中具有植物雌激素活性的成分,并阐述其相关疾病和作用机制,一方面为甘草中植物雌激素成分的临床应用提供实验依据,另一方面为开发甘草中新的植物雌激素活性成分提供参考。 相似文献
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徐霞 《江苏大学学报(医学版)》2001,11(3):406-408
植物雌激素原指来源于植物结构与雌激素相似 ,在雌性动物生殖系统发挥雌激素样作用的物质。目前该定义已扩展到包括Flvavonoids在内的即可产生雌激素样作用又可产生抗雌激素样作用的其它化合物。本文就该类物质的作用及可能机理作一简要的综述。1 雌激素样作用和抗雌激素样作用植物雌激素既具有雌激素样作用 ,又具有抗雌激素样作用。这种双相性作用不仅表现在不同的本类物质作用不同 ,而且表现在同一物质随着剂量变化既有拟雌激素样作用又有抗雌激素样作用。如Genistein和Quecetin ,前者表现出激动 拮抗双重活… 相似文献
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雌激素及其受体与高血压相关性疾病的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
雌激素(estrogen)是由胎盘及卵巢产生的类固醇激素。雌激素受体(estrogenreceptor,ER)属于核受体超级家族成员,具有广泛的组织分布,为雌激素发挥作用提供了保证。研究表明雌激素及其受体的生物学效应与心血管疾病特别是高血压疾病密切相关。现将雌激素及雌激素受体对高血压疾病的作用机制及研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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雌激素是一类有广泛生物活性的类固醇化合物,它不仅对女性生殖系统有重要影响,对视网膜也有保护作用。雌激素减少可导致视网膜疾病的风险增加。本文就雌激素在视网膜疾病中的作用机制,以及雌激素在视网膜疾病相关领域的研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
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目的 检测miyabenolC(MiyC)和kobophenolA(KobA)是否通过依赖雌激素受体 (ER)发挥促雌激素受体阳性细胞MCF 7生长的作用。方法 构建雌激素受体反义表达质粒 (pCASER) ,转染MCF 7细胞株 ,经G418筛选 ,PCR、Westernblot鉴定筛选出阳性表达克隆 (MTASER)。运用MTT法检测药物对细胞生长状况的影响。运用放射竞争结合实验检测药物与ER的结合。结果 MiyC和KobA对MCF 7细胞的促生长作用大于对MTASER细胞的作用 ;MiyC和KobA均可竞争性抑制ER与 17β 雌二醇的结合。 结论 在一定浓度范围内 ,MiyC和KobA依赖ER发挥促细胞生长的作用。 相似文献
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目的 建立大鼠多发性大动脉炎模型,并探讨其发病机制。方法 10周龄雌性SD大鼠40只,随要分为4组:1个对照组(NS)和3个实验组。对照组每天给予生理盐水2ml灌胃,实验组分别给予己烯雌酚1mg/(kg·d)(DES1组)、2mg/(kg·d)(DES2组)和2mg/(kg·d)加三苯氧胺1mg/(kg·d)(TAM组)胃饲3个月后,观察病理和超微结构改变。结果 病变动脉呈灰白色,管壁僵硬,与无明显病变动脉交替出现;光镜下平滑肌细胞聚集成团束状,晚期被大量纤维组织所取代;电镜下变性平滑肌细胞核膜模糊或消失,内质网扩张,线粒体肿胀,在增生的平滑肌细胞周围有许多胶原纤维,病变晚期大量胶原纤维中夹杂萎缩的平滑肌细胞。DES1组、TAM组和对照组未发现明显异常。结论 本实验以雌激素诱发大鼠产生类似于人类多发性大动脉炎的疾病模型,提示雌激素参与本病的发生发展过程。 相似文献
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Background Estrogen deficiency causes atrophic changes within the urogenital tract, and is associated with urinary symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of estrogen and tibolone on bladder histology, and the changes of estrogen receptor a and β (ERα and β) protein expression in the detrusor muscle.
Methods Forty female rats were separated into four groups of ten each. They received a sham operation (Sham), ovariectomy (Ovx), ovariectomy plus estrogen replacement (Ovx+E), or ovariectomy plus tibolone treatment (Ovx+T). After 12 weeks each rat was anesthetized and the bladders were removed. The bladders' ultra structure, collagen fiber (CF) to smooth muscle(SM) ratio and ER subtypes were studied. Statistical analyses were performed using the one-way analysis of variance test.
Results Ovx resulted in significant degeneration in bladder ultra structure; however, estrogen and tibolone reversed those changes. Ovx increased the CF/SM ratio, estrogen and tibolone resulted in an increase. Two estrogen receptors (ERs) were expressed in the bladder detrusor, with ERβ the main subtype. Ovx resulted in up-regulation of ERα and down-regulation of ERβ. With estrogen and tibolone treatment, ERβ showed a significant increase but ERα showed no significant difference compared with Ovx.
Conclusions Estrogen deficiency deteriorates bladder ultra structure and histology. Supplementary estrogen can improve bladder function which may be due to inhibition of collagen hyperplasia and increased SM density. ERβ has an important role in mediating estrogen function in the bladder. Tibolone has a mild estrogenic action and has an effect on bladder function and structure to some degree. 相似文献
Methods Forty female rats were separated into four groups of ten each. They received a sham operation (Sham), ovariectomy (Ovx), ovariectomy plus estrogen replacement (Ovx+E), or ovariectomy plus tibolone treatment (Ovx+T). After 12 weeks each rat was anesthetized and the bladders were removed. The bladders' ultra structure, collagen fiber (CF) to smooth muscle(SM) ratio and ER subtypes were studied. Statistical analyses were performed using the one-way analysis of variance test.
Results Ovx resulted in significant degeneration in bladder ultra structure; however, estrogen and tibolone reversed those changes. Ovx increased the CF/SM ratio, estrogen and tibolone resulted in an increase. Two estrogen receptors (ERs) were expressed in the bladder detrusor, with ERβ the main subtype. Ovx resulted in up-regulation of ERα and down-regulation of ERβ. With estrogen and tibolone treatment, ERβ showed a significant increase but ERα showed no significant difference compared with Ovx.
Conclusions Estrogen deficiency deteriorates bladder ultra structure and histology. Supplementary estrogen can improve bladder function which may be due to inhibition of collagen hyperplasia and increased SM density. ERβ has an important role in mediating estrogen function in the bladder. Tibolone has a mild estrogenic action and has an effect on bladder function and structure to some degree. 相似文献
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阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是一种常见的神经退行性疾病,主要表现为进行性认知功能障碍和记忆力减退。大量临床和流行病学证据表明女性与男性相比有较高的发病率,表明女性更年期雌激素水平下降可能诱发AD。最近的研究提出雌激素可以直接减少细胞外β-淀粉样蛋白形成的老年斑和Tau蛋白过度磷酸化形成的神经原纤维缠结,这两种AD的显著病理特征。大量实验证实雌激素具有神经保护作用,但绝经后女性的临床试验表明雌激素对AD的影响并不明显,这可能与雌激素受体选择性相关。本文就近年来雌激素及其ERα或ERβ受体与AD间的研究进行综述,进一步讨论雌激素受体选择性配体作为AD治疗中安全、有效的靶点。 相似文献
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Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are structurally different compounds that interact with intracellular estrogen receptors in target organs as estrogen receptor agonists and antagonists. Raloxifene is the only SERM approved worldwide for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Raloxifene, which has estrogen-like actions on bone, lipids and the coagulation system, and estrogen antagonist effects on the breast and uterus, has undergone very extensive prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized trial evaluation. 相似文献
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目的探讨雌激素对去卵巢大鼠动脉中ER的表达及血清中NO含量的影响. 方法成年雌性大鼠切除卵巢后,随机分为两组①去卵巢+E2组,给予E2;②单纯去卵巢组,为对照.2个月后处死大鼠取材,用免疫组化法检测动脉中的ER表达,并分别用放免法和重氮法检测血清中的E2和NO.结果去卵巢+E2组大鼠动脉中ER的表达显著高于对照组,血清中NO含量也显著升高(P<0.001).结论雌激素能使去卵巢大鼠动脉中ER的表达增加,血清中NO的含量显著增加.这可能是雌激素对绝经后妇女心血管保护作用的机制之一. 相似文献
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The Relationship of the Expression of Estrogen Receptor in Cartilage Cell and Osteoarthritis Induced by Bilateral Ovariectomy in Guinea Pig 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To investigate the estrogen receptor(ER) expression in cartilage cell in the development of oste0arthritis induced by bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig and to find their relationship. 30 two-month-old female guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups (n=15 each) : sham operation (control)group and ovariectomized group (OVX); Scanning electorne microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were obtained to analysis the cartilage degeneration of the hind limb knee joint after 6 and 12 weeks of ovariectomy. Dextran-Coated-Charcoal (DCC) was taken to quantitively detect the expression of ER. The serum levels of estrogen and gestone were detected by immune contest assay. The results showed that ER do exist in the cartilages of the guinea pigs, with higher expression in the control group than in OVX group at the same time point (P〈0. 05). It was increased also at 12 th week after operation than that of preoperation. The blood serum levels of estrogen and gestone showed a similar tendency to the expression of ER. Joint cartilage degeneration detected by SEM and TEM could be found at 6 th week, but severe degenerative lesions at 12 th week in the OVX group compared with the control group (P〈0.01). The data suggested that bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig lead to severe os.teoarthritis which mighgt be related to the lower serum level of estrogen and the downregulation of the expression of ER in the cartilage also. 相似文献