加强计量工作管理,保障人民身体健康

随着科学技术的发展,计量设备不断应用到医疗中来,而且计量仪器越来越复杂.加强对计量仪器的管理,制订有效的规章制度,保障人民的生命健康,已成为设备管理的重要部分 .     

中青年人群对家庭医生楼宇服务认知及影响因素分析

目的 调研上海市北外滩街道辖区内楼宇工作白领人群(中青年)对家庭医生楼宇服务的认知现状,并分析其影响因素.方法 在北外滩辖区内随机抽取8个楼宇发放自制问卷,共发放问卷1040份,回收有效问卷993份,并采用基于最大似然估计的回归分析对楼宇服务影响因素进行筛选分析.结果 (1)本次调研样本人群总体代表性良好,样本特征比较...     

Young injectors: A comparative analysis of risk behaviour

This study compares the injecting and sexual risk-behaviour of young injectors, with injectors over the age of 25. All respondents presented for the first time at the Merchants’ Quay Health Promotion Unit between May 1st 1997 and February 28th 1998. Analysis revealed that the young injectors were significantly more likely to report recently borrowing and lending used injecting equipment, and injecting paraphernalia. Regarding sexual risk behaviour, younger respondents were proportionately more likely to report being sexually active, having multiple sexual partners, and having a regular partner who is an injecting drug user. However, they were significantly more likely than older clients to report condom use. The suggestion is that the harm minimisation message, which reached its zenith in the early 1990s, has now been somewhat de-emphasised in both policy and practice. Consequently, it is not reaching the young injectors who have recently initiated intravenous drug use. Additional strategies are needed to target this group of drug users, in order to promote positive behaviour changes.     

武警某部干部人群健康相关行为的调查

目的 掌握武警干部人群健康相关行为的现状及其影响因素.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取武警某部2253名在职干部作为调查对象,用中国武警军官健康相关行为问卷进行调查和分析.结果 急性训练损伤(21.1%)、骨关节病(14.2%)和消化性溃疡(7.6%)是目前困扰武警在职干部的主要疾病.饮酒是干部人群最主要的健康危险因素,其中男性饮酒率为65.8%,远高于我国普通居民男性饮酒率(P ＜0.01).此外,睡眠不足(33.9%),饮水不足(27.2%),干部体检参与率过低(63.6%),交通安全意识差也是值得重视的健康危险因素.调查干部健康相关行为中较好的方面:一般卫生行为形成率高,饮食规律性较强,体力活动充分,心理健康状况较好、处理压力的方式较积极.结论 倡导限酒、提高科学训练水平预防训练伤是今后一个时期武警干部人群健康教育工作的重点.     

布尼雅病毒对胃粘膜的影响

常(82.67%),总异常率为96.47 %,对照组100例中19例异常(19.0%),两组比较有显著差异(x 2=18.19,P<0.01).胃粘膜病变为具有特征的急性/亚急性出血性胃炎,随着病情加重而加重,随着病情改善而改善,小儿患者胃粘膜病变较成人患者为轻.结论 胃粘膜病变是布尼雅病毒导致的全身病变的一部分.     

Reproductive health needs and care seeking behaviour of pavement dwellers of Calcutta

An unabated growth of street dwellers in the city of Calcutta is reported to be due to twin reasons like, migration of rural poor people as well as uncontrolled fertility among these poor settlers of the city. A community-based study on reproductive health, fertility and related care seeking behaviour was studied among a sample of women of child bearing age living on streets of Calcutta. Besides, the quite common conditions like leucorrhoea (28.5%), menstrual irregularities (12.3%), infertility (2.5%) and STDs (1.3%) were also reported. But most of these illnesses (three-fourth) were uncared for, and the remaining one-fourth sought treatment from govemment institutions, private agencies or even from untrained practitioners (quacks). The reproductive behaviour of street dwelling women was characterised by early marriage, teenage pregnancies, and scarce use of contraceptives (32%) as well as frequent abortions (2.8%). Very few pregnant women received adequate antenatal care (3.8%). Coverage of tetanus toxoid immunisation (68.5%) and proper iron and folic acid supplementation (16.7%) were also poor. Whereas, antenatal care was received mostly from government health institutions (71%), home delivery (ie, on street) was a common practice and conducted mostly by untrained birth attendants (51.8%).     

健康教育对老年公寓冠心病老人生活方式的影响

目的探讨社会转型时期健康教育模式对老年公寓冠心病老人生活方式的影响,观察冠心病老人生活方式的改变情况。方法将不同的老年公寓的冠心病老人分为对照组和实验组,对照组实施传统的健康教育措施,由护理员进行健康指导。实验组实施＂三位一体＂护理模式下的健康教育方法,由护士进行健康指导,观察半年。结果实验组的冠心病老人对健康教育的依从性高于对照组。结论＂三位一体＂护理模式下的健康教育方法,有利于改变老年公寓冠心病老人不良的生活方式。     

我国南方武警官兵卫生服务需求分析

目的：探讨武警部队基层官兵卫生服务需求状况及疾病构成。方法：采用国际通用的两周健康询问调查法对淮河以南地区的7个省、自治区总队的1457名武警基层官兵的卫生服务需求进行了问卷调查。数据采用WinSAS6．11统计软件包分析。结呆;两周患病率在武警部队三类支队,干部与战士之间无差异（P＞0．05）;慢性病患病率随军龄延长而升高,存在非常显著差异（P＜0．01）。武警部队官兵两周患病以呼吸系统、传染病和寄生虫病为主;慢性病以骨骼肌肉系统、消化系统疾病为主。结论;南方武警官方的卫生服务需求高于我国城市与农村居民;传染病与社会、心理、行为因素所致的某些非传染性疾病共同成为官兵健康的主要威胁,提示武警部队可能存在潜在的职业性危害因素。