雷珠单抗对视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿患者黄斑区视网膜血流参数的影响

目的 观察视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)继发黄斑水肿患者黄斑区视网膜血流参数以及观察雷珠单抗治疗前后黄斑区视网膜血流参数的变化。 方法 前瞻性对照研究。纳入2015年11月至2017年1月在襄阳市中心医院眼科就诊的CRVO继发黄斑水肿的患者33例为CRVO组,同时纳入健康人30例为对照组。所有CRVO继发黄斑水肿患者接受玻璃体腔内雷珠单抗注射治疗。用RTVue-100光学相干断层扫描血流成像技术3 mm×3 mm扫描模式测量研究对象黄斑区视网膜血管密度以及中央凹无血管区域(FAZ)面积。 结果 CRVO组的黄斑区视网膜浅层血管密度与深层血管密度分别为43.03%±5.11%以及47.00%±7.54%,对照组浅层以及深层视网膜血管密度分别为63.23%±5.50%以及61.43%±7.90%,两组之间均差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。CRVO组FAZ面积为(0.49±0.08) mm²,对照组为(0.28±0.07) mm²,CRVO组FAZ面积明显小于对照组,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。球内注射雷珠单抗后,CRVO组视网膜浅层与深层血管密度以及FAZ面积均未发生明显变化。 结论 相对于健康人,CRVO继发黄斑水肿的视网膜血管密度较低,FAZ面积偏大。CRVO继发黄斑水肿患者接受球内雷珠单抗治疗后,视网膜血管密度以及FAZ面积未见明显变化。     

玻璃体内注射雷珠单抗与曲安奈德治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑囊样水肿的疗效比较

目的：比较玻璃体内注射雷珠单抗与曲安奈德治疗视网膜静脉阻塞（ retinal vein occlusion ,RVO）继发黄斑囊样水肿（ cystoidmacular edema ,CME）的疗效及安全性。方法97例RVO继发CME患者按治疗方法分为雷珠单抗组（n＝47）和曲安奈德组（n＝50）。雷珠单抗组给予玻璃体内注射雷珠单抗0．5 mg（0．05 ml）;曲安奈德组给予玻璃体内注射雷珠单抗4．0 mg（0．1 ml）。治疗后随访6个月,比较2组最佳矫正视力（best corrected visual acuity,BC－VA）、黄斑中心凹厚度（ central macular thickness ,CMT）、眼压及并发症发生率。结果2组治疗后各时间点BCVA均较治疗前显著提高（P＜0．05）,但2组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。2组治疗后各时间点CMT均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0．05）,但2组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。雷珠单抗组治疗后各时间点眼压与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）;曲安奈德组治疗后各时间点眼压均较治疗前和雷珠单抗组显著提高（ P＜0．05）。曲安奈德组和雷珠单抗组眼压升高发生率比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论玻璃体内注射雷珠单抗治疗RVO继发CME,可有效提高BCVA、降低CMT,其效果与曲安奈德相当,且安全性更高。     

视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿的治疗

视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)是一种老年人群中常见的视网膜血管性疾病,黄斑水肿是导致患者视力损伤的主要并发症。目前RVO黄斑水肿的主要治疗方式为玻璃体腔内注射抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)药物或者植入地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂,二者均能显著改善患者视力,减轻黄斑水肿。对于抗VEGF药物或其他治疗反应不佳的患者,地塞米松缓释植入剂同样有效。RVO黄斑水肿的临床预后与治疗时机有关,早期治疗的患者视力获益更多。     

Results of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in patients with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion

Background Macular edema is one of the most common causes of visual loss in patients with retinal vein oclusions. Intravitreal corticosteroids and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factors are modalities of treatment for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Objective To present the results of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide therapy in patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO. Setting A retrospective clinical interventional study included 32 patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO. Method The records of 32 eyes of 32 patients who received 4 mg/0.1 mL injection of intravitreal triamcinlone for macular edema secondary to BRVO were evaluated. Patients with visual acuity <0.40 logMAR (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution), central macular thickness (CMT) >260 μm and no neovascularization at baseline were included. Patients with diabetes mellitus, a history of intravitreal anti vascular endothelial growth factor injection, grid laser photocoagulation and ischemic BRVO were excluded. The re-injections were performed in cases with increased CMT >100 μm or vision loss of five or more letters. Results The mean follow-up was 12 ± 1.9 months. The visual acuity increased from 0.58 ± 0.16 at baseline to 0.25 ± 0.11 logMAR (P < 0.001). The CMT decreased from 490 ± 107 μm at baseline to 266 ± 90 μm at 12 months (P < 0.001). Both cataract and glaucoma developed in 18.75 % patients. Conclusion Intravitreal triamcinolone, due to absence of systemic side effects, can be used with confidence for treatment macular edema secondary to BRVO. However the main disadvantages of intravitreal triamcinolone injection are elevation of intraocular pressure and formation of cataract.     

玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗糖尿病性和视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿的疗效对比观察

目的：对比研究糖尿病和视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿患者玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗临床疗效差异。方法：选取自2016年3月-2017年10月收入某院行玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿者21例/30只眼,视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿者35例/35只眼。回顾性对比观察这2组患者治疗后1个月、3个月及末次随诊时者最佳矫正视力（BCVA）和中央黄斑区视网膜厚度（CMT）及其变化,以及治疗有效率、黄斑水肿复发率、治疗病程和注药次数等,采用方差分析的方法对这些指标进行组间和组内统计学比较。结果：比较康柏西普玻璃体腔内注射治疗后1个月、3个月及末次随访时与治疗前基线的BCVA差值（ΔBCVA）和CMT差值（ΔCMT）,静脉阻塞组均高于糖尿病组并具有显著性（P<0.05）。静脉阻塞组和糖尿病组治疗有效率分别为100%和86.7%,复发率为14.3%和20.0%;静脉阻塞组和糖尿病组的患者治疗病程分别为（4.40±1.90）个月和（5.72±3.03）个月,注药次数为（2.51±0.74）次和（3.07±1.34）次,均具有显著性（P<0.05）。所有患者治疗随访过程中未见明显与药物、玻璃体腔注射相关的眼部和全身不良事件的发生。结论：玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普治疗视网膜静脉阻塞性和糖尿病性黄斑水肿均有较好疗效,但静脉阻塞患者其黄斑水肿消退和视力提升更为显著和迅速,而糖尿病患者治疗病程更长,需要更多次（3次以上甚至更多次）注药才能控制黄斑水肿的病情。     

激光光凝联合玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿的临床疗效观察

目的 观察激光光凝联合玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿的疗效和安全性.方法 据荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)对20例(22眼)视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)患者行黄斑区格栅样光凝后玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德0.1ml/(4mg),随访9个月,观察并再行荧光素眼底血管造影检查;OCT检查(干涉光断层扫描仪检查)...     

Upcoming therapeutic advances in diabetic macular edema: an intravitreal dexamethasone drug delivery system

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus, through its ophthalmic complications diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema (DME), is a leading cause of vision loss in industrialized countries.

Areas covered: This review covers laser treatment, which is a standard treatment strategy that has proven efficacy and safety through large clinical trials in DME. Several intravitreal drug applications currently being investigated are also discussed.

Expert opinion: First results suggest that the administration of anti-VEGF compounds is effective for DME. However, frequent injections may compromise safety. In order to enhance patient compliance, sustained delivery systems are being evaluated as potential treatment approaches. So far, only steroids have been included as active in such non-biodegradable or biodegradable delivery systems. Non-biodegradable systems are more complicated to administer as surgery is required and they need to be retrieved at the end of treatment. Also, in some cases safety issues have arisen, especially around intraocular pressure control. A new biodegradable dexamethasone delivery system seems to show promising efficacy results in addition to a more favorable safety profile, which will potentially improve patient compliance. All new therapeutic approaches, alone and in combination, will need to demonstrate their efficacy and safety in DME in future trials.     

治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿的临床疗效观察

目的评价曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射治疗分支静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿的疗效及并发症。方法26例患者诊为分支静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿的共计26只眼,每只眼接受注射曲安奈德4mg（4mg/0.1ml）,检查注射前、后的视力、眼底、眼压、荧光造影及OCT。结果平均随访时间为5个月（1～8个月）,平均视力：注射前0.1,注射后1d：0.29;3d：0.55;1m：0.64;3m：0.59.与治疗前相比,有显著性差异。平均黄斑厚度：注射前（931.60±312.37）μm,注射后：1周：（297.05±84.23）μm;1个月：（221.53±51.67）μm;3个月：（185.54±49.16）μm,与治疗前比较有显著性差异。术后高眼压的发生率为34.62%,经药物或ALT治疗,眼压均恢复正常水平。无一例发生眼内炎。结论眼内注射曲安奈德可明显的改善视力及减轻因分支静脉阻塞而导致的黄斑水肿,但其疗效并非持久,且存在一些并发症。     

康柏西普玻璃体腔注射联合黄斑格栅样激光光凝治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿 22例

目的评估康柏西普玻璃体腔注射联合黄斑格栅样激光光凝对视网膜分支静脉阻塞( BRVO)继发黄斑水肿病人的最佳矫正视力( BCVA)和黄斑中心视网膜厚度( CMT)的改善情况。方法选取 2015年 12月至 2017年 12月安徽省第二人民医院收治的 BRVO继发黄斑水肿病人 41例,分为观察组 22例,对照组 19例,观察组采用康柏西普玻璃体腔注射联合黄斑格栅样激光光凝治疗,对照组单纯采用康柏西普玻璃体腔注射治疗。两组在治疗前和治疗开始后 1,3,6和 12个月分别收集 BCVA和光学相干断层扫描记录的 CMT,观察组在第一次或随后的康柏西普注射后,在黄斑水肿( CMT≤350 um)减轻后 15 d立即进行黄斑格栅样激光光凝治疗。在随访期间,如果在光学相干断层扫描中观察到持续性或复发性黄斑水肿,则每隔 1个月再次采用康柏西普玻璃体腔注射。结果观察组和对照组康柏西普玻璃体腔平均注射次数分别为 2.8次和 3.2次,观察组的平均注射次数明显低于对照组( P＜0.05);与治疗前相比,治疗后 1、3、6和 12个月两组的 BCVA均明显提高( P＜0.05),但两组间治疗治疗前后效果差异无统计学意义( P＞0.05);与治疗前相比,治疗后 1、3、6和 12个月两组 CMT均明显下降( P＜0.05),并且观察组的治疗效果优于对照组( P＜0.05)。结论康柏西普玻璃体腔注射联合黄斑格栅样激光光凝可有效提高视网膜分支静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿病人的视力,减少康柏西普玻璃体腔注药次数,优于单纯康柏西普玻璃体腔注射治疗。     

玻璃体内注射Lucentis治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的效果观察

目的评估玻璃体内注射雷珠单抗（Lucentis）治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的效果。方法回顾性分析已确诊的视网膜分支静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿患者31例,行玻璃体内注射Lucentis治疗,定期随访,观察术前及术后1个月的最佳矫正视力、黄斑中心区视网膜厚度（CMT）及并发症情况。结果患者术前、术后的视力及CMT比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论玻璃体内注射Lucentis治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿,短期内安全有效。     

The effect and safety of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and bevacizumab on the corneal endothelium in the treatment of diabetic macular edema

Objective: To investigate the effect and safety of intravitreal injection (IVI) of bevacizumab and ranibizumab on corneal endothelial cell count and morphology in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Materials and methods: A total of 60 eyes from 60 consecutive patients who received 0.5?mg/0.05?ml IVIs of bevacizumab (n?=?30, IVB group) or 1.25?mg/0.05?ml ranibizumab (n?=?30, IVR group) for three consecutive months were investigated prospectively. Specular microscopy was performed to evaluate endothelial cell count, the percentage of hexagonal cells (pleomorphism), and the coefficient of variation of the cell size (polymegathism); optical biometry was performed to evaluate central corneal thickness. Results before injection and 1 month after the first and third injections were compared.

Results: The groups were matched for age (p?=?0.11) and gender (p?=?0.32). There was no significant difference in endothelial cell count (IVB group, p?=?0.66; IVR group, p?=?0.74), pleomorphism (IVB group, p?=?0.44; IVR group, p?=?0.88) and polymegathism (IVB group, p?=?0.21; IVR group, p?=?0.24) before injection or 1 month after the first and third injections. There was also no difference in central corneal thickness (IVB group, p?=?0.15; IVR group, p?=?0.58) before injection or 1 month after the first and third injections.

Conclusion: Monthly 1.25?mg/0.05?ml IVIs of bevacizumab or 0.5?mg/0.05?ml of ranibizumab for three consecutive months in the treatment of diabetic macular edema does not affect corneal morphology and has no harmful effects on the endothelium.     

Treatment of diabetic macular edema with sustained-release glucocorticoids: intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide,dexamethasone implant,and fluocinolone acetonide implant

Introduction: Diabetic macular edema (DME) can be treated with intravitreal glucocorticoids, particularly triamcinolone acetonide, dexamethasone (DEX), and fluocinolone acetonide (FA).

Areas covered: The pathophysiology of DME includes multiple growth factors such as VEGF and also inflammatory mediators. Glucocorticoids act on DME through multiple pathways, and current research into their efficacy, safety, and therapeutic potential when administered intravitreally is discussed.

Conclusion: The intravitreal route of administration minimizes systemic side effects of glucocorticoids. Furthermore, sustained-release low-dose delivery via the DEX implant or the FA implant will limit frequent intravitreal injection and possibly some cost associated with intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. In addition, the durable action of these treatments facilitates combination therapy. Patients can receive these implants as foundational therapy, and then receive additional treatment with laser or intravitreal anti-VEGF agents as combination therapy, which may conceivably provide some synergistic benefit. While the FA implant lasts much longer than the DEX implant, potentially decreasing the visit and treatment burden on patients and their families, the FA implant appears to have a greater risk of inducing ocular hypertension and cataract. However, these modalities have not been directly compared in a clinical trial and there is insufficient evidence to draw more elaborate conclusions.     

视网膜分支静脉阻塞病人黄斑水肿与玻璃体积血的关系

目的 探讨视网膜分支静脉阻塞（BRVO）病人的黄斑水肿（ME）情况以及与玻璃体积血（VH）的关系。方法 回顾性研究。收集2018年1月至2021年12月首诊于安徽医科大学第二附属医院眼科新发的BRVO病人177例（177眼）,根据是否合并VH分为单纯组（单纯BRVO）87眼和VH组（BRVO合并VH）90眼,分别对两组病人进行黄斑部光学相干断层扫描成像（OCT）检查（其中屈光间质严重混浊者行玻璃体切除手术后再行OCT检查）,收集病人的最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、眼压（IOP）以及黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度（CMT）并进行统计学分析。结果 VH组BCVA优于单纯组[（0.57±0.53）比（0.83±0.50）,P=0.001],且CMT明显低于单纯组[（233.38±37.97）μm比（586.06±112.27）μm,P<0.001],VH组眼压略高于单纯组[（15.63±2.33）mmHg比（14.28±1.63）mmHg,P<0.001],但两组病人眼压均在正常范围,BRVO病人CMT与VH之间存在显著的相关性,BRVO合并VH病人的ME明显减轻（B=-352.15,P<...     

Advances in ocular drug delivery: emphasis on the posterior segment

Introduction: Recent advances in pharmacological therapies to treat ocular diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema and retinal vascular occlusions have greatly improved the prognosis for these diseases. Due to these advances in pharmacological therapy, there is a great deal of interest in minimally invasive delivery methods, which has generated rapid developments in the field of ocular drug delivery.

Areas covered: This review will summarize currently available and recent developments for ocular drug delivery to both the anterior and posterior segments. Modes of delivery, including topical, systemic, transcleral/periocular and intravitreal, will be discussed and corresponding examples will be given. This review will highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each mode of delivery and discuss strategies to address these issues.

Expert opinion: An ideal therapy should maintain effective levels of drug for the intended duration of treatment following a single application, yet a significant number of months of therapy may be required. There are numerous approaches under investigation to improve treatment options. From the use of novel biomaterial implants and depots for sustained release, to prodrug formations, to iontophoresis to improve drug delivery, the main emphasis will continue to be placed on less invasive, longer acting, sustained release formulations in the treatment of numerous ocular disorders.     

曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿

目的观察玻璃体腔曲安奈德注射(IVTA)治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)继发的黄斑水肿的近期疗效和安全性。方法对22例(23眼)BRVO继发的严重黄斑水肿的患者,患眼IVTA4mg/1ml,观察治疗前和治疗后1d、3d、1周、1个月、3个月时视力、眼压、眼内炎症反应、晶体、眼底改变。结果 23眼中有20眼(86.9%)视力提高,3眼(13.1%)视力不变。logMAR视力治疗前为:0.75±0.48,治疗后1周、1个月、3个月时分别为:0.57±0.43;0.38±0.32;0.29±0.29。治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 IVTA可以在短时间内有效地治疗BRVO继发的黄斑水肿。     

玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗联合筋膜囊注射曲安奈德治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿

目的 评价玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗(ranibizumab)联合筋膜囊下注射曲安奈德(TA)治疗视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)继发黄斑水肿(ME)的临床疗效。方法 经眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)及光学相干断层扫描(OCT)检查确诊为RVO合并黄斑水肿的患者30例,30眼。对比分析单次玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗联合筋膜囊下注射TA治疗前后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、OCT的变化。结果 治疗前与治疗后1周、1、3个月BCVA分别为(0.727±0.115)、(0.591±0.062)、(0.528±0.083)、(0.494±0.082);黄斑中心厚度(CMT)分别为(482.6±75.9)μm、(402.7±77.2)μm、(344.6±72.7)μm、(310.6±68.7)μm。治疗后1周、1、3个月BCVA显著提高,CMT显著降低,与治疗前相比差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后1、3个月分别与治疗后1周相比,BCVA显著提高,CMT显著降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后3个月和1个月相比,BCVA提高,CMT降低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗联合筋膜囊下注射TA可以在短期内减轻黄斑水肿、提高BCVA,为RVO继发黄斑水肿治疗提供了新的思路,但长期效果有待进一步观察。     

Controllable continuous sub-tenon drug delivery of dexamethasone disodium phosphate to ocular posterior segment in rabbit

Corticosteroids have been used for treatment of posterior segment eye diseases, but the delivery of drug to the posterior segments is still a problem to resolve. In our study, we explore the feasibility of Sub-tenon’s Controllable Continuous Drug Delivery to ocular posterior segment. Controllable continuous sub-tenon drug delivery (CCSDD) system, intravenous injections (IV) and sub-conjunctival injections (SC) were used to deliver dexamethasone disodium phosphate (DEXP) in rabbits, the dexamethasone concentration was measured in the ocular posterior segment tissue by Shimadzu LC-MS 2010 system at different time points in 24?h after first dose injection. Levels of dexamethasone were significantly higher at 12, 24?h in CCSDD than two other approaches, and at 3, 6?h in CCSDD than IV in vitreous body (p?p?p?0–24 in CCSDD group is higher than two other groups in all ocular posterior segment tissue. Our results demonstrated that dexamethasone concentration could be sustained moderately higher in the posterior segment by CCSDD than SC and IV, indicating that CCSDD might be a therapeutic alternative to treat a variety of intractable posterior segment diseases.     

玻璃体内注射康柏西普联合激光治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿临床观察

目的 观察玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普联合激光治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的临床疗效.方法 收集2015年3月至2016年3月潍坊医学院附属医院确诊的视网膜中央静脉阻塞患者50例50只眼,随机分成康柏西普联合激光治疗组(C+L组)和激光治疗组(L组),每组25例25眼.C+L组玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普,1周后再行视网膜激光光凝术;L组直接行视网膜激光光凝术.记录治疗前以及治疗后1周、1月、3月患者的最佳较正视力(BCVA)、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)的变化.结果 C+L组患者在1周、1月及3月随诊中BCVA提升显著优于L组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组在治疗后1周、1月、3月与治疗前相比平均CMT明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).C+L组患者在治疗后1周、1月及3月时间节点随诊中平均CMT显著优于L组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普联合视网膜激光光凝能够安全、有效地治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发的黄斑水肿.     

雷珠单抗治疗白内障术后黄斑囊样水肿的效果

目的 探讨玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗白内障术后人工晶体眼黄斑囊样水肿(PCME)的有效性和安全性.方法 对5例局部激素和非甾体类消炎药治疗无效的PCME患者采用玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗.比较治疗前后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和中央视网膜厚度(CRT).结果 与治疗前比较,治疗后BCVA和CRT均改善[0.18±0.06 vs.0.62±0.11和(730.80±42.66) μmvs.(245.80±18.54) μm](P＜0.01).随访5-12个月,未见复发,亦无局部和全身不良反应.结论 玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗是一种安全有效的治疗PCME的方法.     

醋甲唑胺与吸收剂对视网膜分支静脉阻塞激光光凝术后黄斑水肿的疗效

目的探讨联合口服醋甲唑胺与吸收剂对视网膜分支静脉阻塞激光光凝术后黄斑水肿的临床疗效。方法将42例(42眼)视网膜分支静脉阻塞激光光凝术后的患者随机分为2组,治疗组口服醋甲唑胺联合吸收剂,对照组单纯口服吸收剂,对比两组患者在治疗后1个月的视力及黄斑水肿的变化情况。结果激光光凝术后,口服醋甲唑胺联合吸收剂的患者1个月时视力提高(59.1%vs.25.0%,P<0.05)、黄斑水肿消失(63.6%vs.30.0%,P<0.05)均优于单纯口服吸收剂的患者。结论联合应用醋甲唑胺与吸收剂治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞激光光凝术后黄斑水肿更有效。