吡啶丙烯酰氨基酸衍生物的设计、合成及其对离体HeLa-S_3细胞的放射增敏作用

本文设计、合成了一类新型的放射增敏剂—吡啶丙烯酰氨基酸衍生物,并测定了对HeLa-Sa细胞的增敏作用和细胞毒性。3-吡啶丙烯酰甲基甘氨酸(3A)和4-吡啶丙烯酰甲基甘氨酸(4A)的主要作用分别为减小细胞存活曲线的肩宽和Do值。这类化合物,尤其是3A和4A,或其结构类似物,如果体内实验证明有明显增敏作用,将有重要的潜在临床应用价值。     

吡啶丙烯酸衍生物的合成及放射增敏作用的研究

目的:合成新化合物N-[3-(3-吡啶基)丙烯酰基]-2-氨基丁酸并观察其对HeLa细胞在有氧和乏氧条件下的毒性及放射增敏作用。方法:以3-吡啶丙烯酸和2-氨基丁酸乙酯盐酸盐为原料合成出N-[3-(3-吡啶基)丙烯酰基]-2-氨基丁酸,用噻唑蓝比色法(MTT实验)测定不同浓度化合物的细胞存活分数及其20%抑制浓度,运用集落形成实验测定放射增敏比。结果:合成出N-[3-(3-吡啶基)丙烯酰基]-2-氨基丁酸,总收率为78%,MTT实验测得其对有氧条件下HeLa细胞的20%细胞死亡所需药物浓度(IC20)为1.66mmol/L,乏氧条件下IC20为1.32mmol/L,通过集落形成实验得到有氧放射增敏比为1.44,乏氧放射增敏比为1.84。结论:N-[3-(3-吡啶基)丙烯酰基]-2-氨基丁酸合成方法简便,对体外HeLa细胞毒性较小,具有一定的放射增敏作用。     

新型抗肿瘤组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂西达本胺的合成

目的:合成西达本胺{N-(2-氨基-5-氟苯基)4-[N-(吡啶-3-丙烯酰)氨甲基]苯甲酰胺}.方法:以吡啶甲醛为起始原料,通过Knoevenagel反应,制得吡啶丙烯酸,然后以N,N′-碳酰二咪唑(CDI)为催化剂,通过2步酰化反应,合成目标产物.结果:目标产物的产率为29%.结论:本法条件温和,操作简便,适合工业化生产.     

3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑类乏氧细胞放射增敏剂的构效关系

为了寻找毒性低、增敏作用强的乏氧细胞放射增敏剂,设计并合成了一系列5-溴-,5-甲基-,和5-未取代的3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙酰胺类化合物,用HeLaS3细胞进行了体外试验。结果表明5-溴取代衍生物的增敏作用强于相应的5-甲基-或5-未取代的硝基三唑衍生物,但是它们的毒性亦增大。修饰1位乙酰胺侧链也可以改变化合物的增敏作用和亲脂性。在所测定的化合物中TA-101[2-(3-硝基-1-三唑基)乙酰胺]由于有高的增敏作用和低亲脂性,可能是一个有希望的放射增敏剂。     

甲磺酸伊马替尼的合成

用3-乙酰吡啶(2)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛(3)反应得3-二甲胺基-1-(3-吡啶基)-2-丙烯-1-酮(4),4与2-甲基-5-硝基苯基胍硝酸盐(6)经成环、还原、由4-氯甲基苯甲酰氯酰化后与N-甲基哌嗪反应,所得伊马替尼再成盐即得甲磺酸伊马替尼,总收率约58％(以2计).     

血吸虫病化学治疗的研究 Ⅱ.α-取代-β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰胺及酯类衍生物的合成

本文报导α-取代-β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰胺及酯类衍生物85个的合成。这类化合物系分别以糠醛或硝基糠醛与相应的羧酸钾盐经Perkin反应缩合后,按一般方法制成酰胺及酯;或以相应的硝基呋喃丙烯酰胺经溴化;或通过氮内酯中间体经水解、醇解和氨解而制备。经动物篩选后发现有13个化合物对感染日本血吸虫小白鼠有作用,其中α—甲基—β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰正丁胺(I_6,F-30058),α-甲基-β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰乙醇胺(I_(10),F-30141)及α-甲基-β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰-2′-羟基丙胺(I_(11),F-30111)三个具有较好抑制作用。     

关于血吸虫病化学治疗的研究Ⅰ.β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰胺及其酯类衍生物的合成

本文报导合成了硝基呋喃丙烯酰胺及其酯类衍生物107个.这类化合物的合成是从糠醛經Perkin反应制备β-呋喃丙烯酸,然后硝化成β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酸,再經酰氯与相应的胺类或氨基酸等縮合为酰胺。酯类则直接用酸与相应的醇酯化而得.經动物篩选后发現其中有33个化合物对感染日本血吸虫病小白鼠有显著作用.尤以β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰异丙胺(I_4,F-30066)及β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰甘氨酸乙酯(Ⅵ_(17),F-30069)具有强烈杀虫效力,均已試用于临床,証明有一定疗效。     

3,5-甾二烯化合物的合成及抗早孕活性

以18-甲基-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-雌甾-4-烯-3-酮(18-甲基炔诺酮),17β-羟基-17α-乙缺基-雌甾-4-烯-3-酮(炔诺酮),17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-雄甾-4-烯-3-酮(妊娠素)和17a-羟基孕甾-4-烯-3,20二酮(17α-羟基黄体酮)为原料,经NaBH,还原、脱水、双键转位和酯化等反应合成一系列3,5-甾二烯化合物,用¹HNMR和MS证明了它们的结构。动物筛选结果表明,17β-丙酰氧基-17α-乙炔基-雌甾-3,5-二烯(IV_b2有明显的抗早孕活性。中断早期妊娠的作用似与其雌激素活性有关。     

茚并吡啶类衍生物诱导HEp-2细胞凋亡

目的:探讨1-甲基-5-(4-二甲氨基苄烯)-5H-茚[1,2b]吡啶三氟甲磺酸盐(受试物)对人喉表皮样肿瘤细胞HEp-2的增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用。方法:采用MTT法观察受试物对HEp-2增殖的抑制作用,Hoechst 33258荧光染色观察HEp-2细胞凋亡形态学变化,流式细胞仪PI单染法检测细胞周期及凋亡率,采用Western Blot分析检测促凋亡蛋白Bid的表达。结果:1-甲基-5-(4-二甲氨基苄烯)-5H-茚[1,2b]吡啶三氟甲磺酸盐可抑制HEp-2细胞的增殖,并呈时间和剂量依赖性;用受试物(4μmol.L-1)处理细胞(24和48 h),经Hoechst 33258荧光染色,可见细胞凋亡形态学改变;流式细胞仪检测显示,HEp-2细胞周期发生改变,凋亡率增加;Western Blot分析结果显示,受试物可使促凋亡蛋白Bid表达水平上升。结论:1-甲基-5-(4-二甲氨基苄烯)-5H-茚[1,2b]吡啶三氟甲磺酸盐可抑制HEp-2细胞增殖,诱导其凋亡。     

醋酸麦迪霉素(Midecamycin Acetate)

异名 Miocamycin,Miocamicin,Mi-okamycin,Miocamen,MoM 化学名 (4R,5S,6S,7R,9R,10R,11E13E,16R)-10-乙酰氧基-6-[[3,6-二脱氧-4-O-(3-O-乙酰-2,6-二脱氧-3-C-甲基-4-O-丙酰-α-L-核型-已吡喃糖基)-3-(二甲基氨基)-β-D-吡喃葡糖基]氧]-5-甲氧基-9,16-二甲基-4-丙酰氧基-2-氧代氧杂环十六碳-11,13-二烯-7-乙醛     

人参叶微量新成分的研究

从人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)叶中分离出14种单体化合物。其中4种微量成分用IR、MS、¹HNMR、13CNMR及化学方法等分别鉴定为20(R)-原人参三醇(Ⅰ)、胡萝卜甙(Ⅱ)、3β,12β-二羟基-20(22),24-达玛二烯—3—0—β—D—葡萄吡喃糖甙(Ⅲ)及20(R)-原人参二醇—3—0—β—D—葡萄吡喃糖甙(Ⅳ)。其中Ⅲ及Ⅳ系新化合物,分别命名为人参皂甙-Rh₃(ginsenoside-Rh₃)及20(R)-人参皂甙-Rh₃[20(R)-ginsenoside-Rh₂]。     

Design,synthesis, and antimalarial evaluation of thiazole-derived amino acids

A series of thiazole-derived N-Boc amino acids were synthesized and evaluated as targeted potential antimalarials against plasmepsins II enzyme of malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. All the compounds showed moderate to good activity. Compounds 3f and 3g were found to have highest the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values (3.45 μM and 4.89 μM, respectively) against Plasmodium falciparum. The compounds docked to the active site of plasmepsin II. Most of the compounds were found to interact with the catalytic amino acids ASP34 and ASP214 of plasmepsin II. A good correlation was observed between binding energy and antiparasitic activity of the thiazole derivatives.     

N-(1-乙氧羰基-3-苯氨甲酰基丙基)甘氨酰甘氨酸衍生物的合成

报道4个N-(1-[1-乙氧羰基-3-(对甲)苯氨甲酰基]丙基甘氨酰｝-N-取代甘氨酸(XI_1～4)和5个1-[1-乙(或甲)氧羰基-3-(对甲)苯氨甲酰基]丙基-4-取代-1,4-哌嗪-2,5-二酮(XII_1～5)共9个估计有血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性化合物的合成和鉴定。所有这些化合物及9个相应的酯(X_1～9)均未见文献报道。药理初试结果,化合物XII₂,XII₅,XI₄和XII₁均有较强降压活性。     

Synthesis of 2-substituted-6-(4<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzo[<Emphasis Type="Italic">d</Emphasis>]oxazoles as potential anticonvulsant agents

A series of 2-substituted-6-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzo[d]oxazoles were synthesized. The anticonvulsant effect and neurotoxicity of the compounds (intraperitoneally) were evaluated with the maximal electroshock (MES) test, subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (sc-PTZ), and rotarod tests in mice. 2-Phenyl-6-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)benzo[d]oxazole (3g) was the most active and also had the lowest toxicity. In the anti-MES potency test, it showed median effective dose (ED₅₀) of 29.5 mg/kg, a median toxicity dose (TD₅₀) of 285 mg/kg, and a protective index (PI) of 9.7, which is greater than the reference drug, carbamazepine, which has a PI of 6.4.     

AMELIORIATION OF CHEMICALLY-INDUCED HEPATOCYTE INJURY BY CYCLOSPORINE A

Cyclosporine A, beside its current applications, possesses potential hepatoprotective effects. This study was directed to investigate the effect of Cyclosporine A pretreatment on hepatic injury due to carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) and -galactosamine. Rats were injected by two successive doses of Cyclosporine A (5mgkg⁻¹day⁻¹). Six hours after the second dose, 1mlkg⁻¹of CCl₄was administered i.p. Effects associated with Cyclosporine A pretreatment were examined by using isolated hepatocytes and hepatocytes that were immobilized and continuously perfused. -Galactosamine (5m ) was added directly to the perfusion medium. After isolation, hepatocytes were examined histologically by light and electron microscopy, immobilized and perfused for further metabolic functional activity evaluation. Cyclosporine A pretreatmentin vivoproduced hepatoameliorative effects of various degrees which were statistically significant as manifested by: (1) an increased trypan blue exclusion after CCl₄; (2) an improved ureagenesis after CCl₄; (3) a reduction in the lipid droplets accumulation in the cytoplasm produced by CCl₄administration; (4) well preserved cytoplasmic organelles as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum ER, nuclear chromatin structures that were altered by CCl₄; and (5) an increased hepatocytes survival in the agarose gel matrix, reduction of LD leakage and improvement of ureagenesis after -galactosamine addition to the perfusion medium. The beneficial effect of Cyclosporine A pretreatment in modifying hepatotoxicity of chemical insults merits further studies.     

Potential anthelmintics: polyphenols from the tea plant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Camellia sinensis</Emphasis> L. are lethally toxic to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Caenorhabditis elegans</Emphasis>

A novel gallate of tannin, (−)-epigallocatechin-(2β→O→7′,4β→8′)-epicatechin-3′-O-gallate (8), together with (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate (4), (−)-epigallocatechin (5), (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (6), and (+)-gallocatechin-(4α→8′)-epigallocatechin (7), were isolated from the tea plant Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze var. sinensis (cv., Yabukita). The structure of 8, including stereochemistry, was elucidated by spectroscopic methods and hydrolysis. The compounds, along with commercially available pyrogallol (1), (+)-catechin (2), and (−)-epicatechin (3), were examined for toxicity towards egg-bearing adults of Caenorhabditis elegans. The anthelmintic mebendazole (9) was used as a positive control. Neither 2 nor 3 were toxic but the other compounds were toxic in the descending order 8, 7 ≈ 6, 9, 4, 5, 1. The LC₅₀ (96 h) values of 8 and 9 were evaluated as 49 and 334 μmol L⁻¹, respectively. These data show that many green tea polyphenols may be potential anthelmintics.     

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-[5-chlorobenzylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl] piperazinyl quinolone derivatives

A series ofN-[5-(chlorobenzylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl] piperazinyl quinolone derivatives (4a-1) have been synthesized by reaction of piperazinyl quinolones with 5-chloro-2-(chloroben-zylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles. Their structures were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectra. The antibacterial activities of4a-1 against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were determined. Several compounds showed a good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria among which, compound 4e with a 2-chlorobenzylthio moiety in ciprofloxacin derivative, exhibited high activities againstStaphylococcus aureus andStaphylococcus epidermidis (MIC=0.06 μg/mL). The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that the position of chlorine atom on benzyl moiety would dramatically affect the antibacterial activities of the synthesized compounds.     

酞丁安对映体合成及其抗单纯疱疹病毒活性评价

酞丁安(3-酞酰亚胺-2-氧-正丁醛双缩氨硫脲,TDA)是药物研究所创制的抗病毒新药。为了研究其对映异构体(R),(S)-TDA对病毒活性及毒性是否有差异,并与消旋酞丁安(RS)-TDA的抗病毒活性及毒性进行比较,本文分别用已知构型的(R)-与(S)-丙氨酸为原料,通过缩合等6步反应,得到光学活性的(R)-,(S)-TDA,并与外消旋酞丁安比较其抗病毒活性及毒性。三者的抗单纯疱疹病毒活性与对细胞的毒性差别不大,说明消旋酞丁安临床使用是安全有效的。     

β-四氢咔啉衍生物的合成和生物活性

纺锤体驱动蛋白(kinesin spindle protein，KSP)是有丝分裂过程中二极纺锤体形成和维持所必需的。抑制KSP的功能将导致细胞周期停滞和细胞编程性细胞死亡，并且不干扰微管的其他功能，因而可成为潜在的肿瘤治疗靶点。本文合成了β-四氢咔啉衍生物作为新型的KSP抑制剂，并测定了其对KSP的抑制活性，均优于阳性对照物。