正常人收缩期左侧房室平面位移的超声心动图检测

目的：利用超声心动图检测正常人左侧房室平面位移幅度。方法：被检对象为１４４例正常人，男７２例，女７２例。按不同年龄分为６组，分别为Ⅰ组（ｎ＝２４，３￣６岁）；Ⅱ组（ｎ＝２４，７￣１４岁）；Ⅲ组（ｎ＝２４，１５￣１９岁）；Ⅳ组（ｎ＝２４，２０￣３９岁）；Ⅴ组（ｎ＝２４，４０￣５９岁）；Ⅵ组（ｎ＝２４，≥６０岁）。结果：①左心收缩期房室平面位移测值在Ⅰ组￣Ⅴ组之间无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），而Ⅵ组（     

等容血液稀释和维拉帕米对缺血再灌注心肌的保护

在犬的急性心肌缺血再灌注模型上，观察右旋糖酐４０等容血液稀释和维拉帕米注射液以及二者联合应用对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的防治作用。２４条犬随机分为４组：Ⅰ组（对照组，ｎ＝６）、Ⅱ组（稀释组，ｎ＝６）、Ⅲ组（维拉帕米组，ｎ＝６）、Ⅳ组（稀释加维拉帕米组，ｎ＝６）。结果：①血液流变学指标改变：Ⅱ、Ⅳ组在血液稀释或给予维拉帕米后，血液流变学指标和Ⅰ、Ⅲ组相比明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０５）；②心功能改变：再灌注后，Ⅰ组心功能指标明显恶化（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组左室内收缩压力峰值（ｐＬＶＳ），左室内舒张末期压力（ｐＬＶＥＤ），左室内压力最大上升速率（＋ｄｐ／ｄｔ（ｍａｘ）），左室内压力最大下降速率（－ｄｐ／ｄｔ（ｍａｘ））与Ⅰ组相比明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０５）；Ⅳ组心功能指标则进一步好于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：①右旋糖酐４０等容血液稀释能明显改善左心收缩和舒张功能，维拉帕米只能显著改善左室舒张功能；②二者合用能进一步改善左室收缩和舒张功能，缩小梗死范围     

86例正常人基础状态下胃液中表皮生长因子浓度的放免测定及其意义

对８６例正常人基础状态下胃液中表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）浓度进行放免测定，旨在获取我国正常人基础状态下胃液中ＥＧＦ的浓度，得出胃液内ＥＧＦ的生理浓度。结果提示：（１）正常人胃液中ＥＧＦ浓度为０．６２±０．１５ｎｇ／ｍｌ；（２）儿童组：０．６１±０．１２ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝２４）、青年组０．６５±０．１４ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝２８）、成人组０．５９±０．１３ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝３４），三组间比较，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（３）男性０．６１±０．１４ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝５２）、女性为０．６２±０．１５ｎｇ（ｎ＝３４），二组比较，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果表明正常人ＥＧＦ浓度与年龄、性别关系不大。     

电磁脉冲对大鼠学习记忆的影响

目的：研究双次核电磁脉冲（ＮＥＭＰ）照射对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响．方法：先用Ｙ迷宫训练照射组（ｎ＝６）和对照组（ｎ＝６）大鼠，使之形成条件反射，以形成条件反射时每只鼠跑迷宫总次数（ＭＴ）、条件反射形成次数（ＣＴ）、分辨学习成绩（ＲＳ）、条件反射百分比（ＰＣ）等为指标，记录每只大鼠原有学习记忆能力，之后用ＮＥＭＰ模拟器重复两次全身照射照射组大鼠，两组（实验组与对照组）分别于照后２４，４８和７２ｈ测试学习记忆能力．结果：照射组和对照组的ＭＴ和ＰＣ在照后的３个时间点均与照前相比有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），两组对应时间点之间相比未见显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），但在照射组照后７２ｈ与照后２４ｈ相比ＭＴ明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）；对照组ＣＴ仅在２４ｈ时间点和照前有显著差别（Ｐ＜０．０５），照射组ＣＴ２４ｈ时间点与照射前相比未见显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），但４８ｈ和７２ｈ时间点与照前相比有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），各对应时间点之间亦未见显著差异；对照组和照射组ＲＳ在２４，４８，７２ｈ时间点与照射前有显著差别（Ｐ＜０．０５），各对应时间点之间未见显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．结论：重复两次ＮＥＭＰ照射可使大鼠学习记忆力在第１日抑制，     

等容血液稀释和维拉帕米对缺血再灌注心肌的保护

在犬的急性心肌缺血再灌注模型上，观察右旋糖酐４０等容血液稀释和维拉帕米注射液以及二者联合应用对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的防治作用。２４条犬随机分为４组：Ｉ组（对照组，ｎ＝６）、Ⅱ组（稀释组，ｎ＝６）、Ⅲ组（维拉帕米组，ｎ＝６）、Ⅳ组（稀释加维拉帕米组，ｎ＝６）。结果：①血液流变学指标改变：Ⅱ、Ⅳ组在血液稀释或给予维拉帕米后，血液流变学指标和Ⅰ、Ⅲ组相比明显改善（Ｐ〈０．０５）；②心功能改变：再灌注后，Ｉ     

心肌酶及肌钙蛋白Ⅰ在射频消融术前后变化的临床意义

目的：通过动态观察射频消融术患者心肌酶及　肌钙　蛋白Ⅰ（ｃＴｎＩ）的变化，评价射频消融术对心肌的损伤及其影响因素。方法：射频消融术组４０　例，男２４例，女１６例，年龄９～７３岁，均无器质性心脏病，其中左侧旁道１８例，右侧旁道５例　，房室结双径路（ＡＶＮＤＮ）１６例，室速１例；对照组１２例均进行普通导管检查，男１０例，女２例　，年龄２４～６２岁。两组患者分别在术前、术后即刻、术２４ｈ采血测定心肌酶ＣＫ—ＭＢ及肌钙蛋　白Ⅰ水平。结果：消融组术后ＣＫ—ＭＢ均有不同程度的升高，阳性率占３７．５％，ｃＴｎＩ阳性率占　３０％，与对照组相比差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＣＫ—ＭＢ升高与消融时间、消　融次数呈正相关（ｒ＝０．８０２６３２，ｒ＝０．７３８６０８），（Ｐ＜０．０１）。与平均功率不相关　（ｒ＝－０．１３８０８），（Ｐ＞０．０５）。消融左侧旁道引起的心肌损伤明显，占７５％。结　论：射频消融术在治疗快速心律失常的同时，对心脏组织有不同程度的损伤，但较轻微，并　可迅速修复，其消融时间、放电次数、放电部位与ＲＦＣＡ所致的心肌损伤密切相关。     

氧自由基损伤在烫伤大鼠延迟复苏后肠道细菌和内毒素移位中的…

为了了解烧伤延迟复苏后肠粘膜氧自由基损伤情况及其对肠源性细菌，内毒素移位的影响。将６６只悉生大鼠分为以下四组：（１）对照组（ｎ＝６）。（２）立即复苏组（ｎ＝２４），４０％烫伤后立即按Ｐａｒｋｌａｎｄ公式复苏。（３）延迟复苏组（ｎ＝２４），伤后６小时开始复苏。（４）药物治疗组（ｎ＝１２），大鼠延迟复苏加上维生素Ｃ，Ｅ联合治疗。在伤后８，２４，４８和７２小时活杀动物（各时间占６只）进行下列指标检测：回     

妇产科手术连续硬膜外麻醉两种穿刺给药方法作用比较

目的：本文研究了连续硬膜外麻醉一点穿刺给药法和一点穿刺两点给药法对子宫切除、剖宫产手术的作用;方法：选择４４例患者随机分为两组,Ⅰ组为实验组（ｎ＝２４）,采用一点穿刺两点给药法,Ⅱ组为对照组（ｎ＝２０）,采用一点穿刺给药法;结果：麻醉初量每神经节段用药量（ｍｌ／节）,实验组显著低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）;局麻药总量（ｍｌ／ｈ）,实验组也低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）;神经节段阻滞数及上界平面两组无显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）,但诱导时间对照组显著短于实验组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,骶神经滞数实验组优于对照组;结论：连续硬膜外麻醉一点穿刺二点给药法用于子宫切除、剖宫产手术优于一点穿刺给药法。     

米索前列醇阴道给药用于足月妊娠引产的临床研究

目的：了解单用米索前列醇阴道给药在足月妊娠引产中的效果并与卡前列甲酯（ＰＧ０５）及催产素进行比较。方法：３２０例单胎头位孕妇随机分为三组：米索组（ｎ＝１１０）、ＰＧ０５组（ｎ＝１１０）、催产素组（ｎ＝１００）。米索前列醇及ＰＧ０５均为阴道给药。米索前列醇每次５０μｇ，每３小时一次，总量２００μｇ。ＰＧ０５每次０．１ｍｇ，用药间隔２４小时，总量０．３ｍｇ。结果：米索组引产成功率（９７．３％）明显高于     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.