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1.
颧骨复合体骨折处理   总被引:14,自引:3,他引:11  
目的:探讨颧骨复合体骨折致伤原因、临床特点及治疗方式选择。方法:通过病案记录研究79例患者的临床资料,复位质量及面部外观评价依据临床观察及影像学检查。随访3-12个月。结果:79例患者中87.3%为男性,主要是20-40岁的青壮年,占73.5%。交通伤为主要致伤原因,占58.2%,其次为暴力伤(15.2%)。颧面畸形、眼球内陷、复视、张口受限、咬合错乱发生率分别为83.5%、24.1%、19.0%、60.8%、35.4%。神经损伤以眶下神经为主,占41.8%,其次为面神经,占13.9%。最常用的手术进路为冠状切口+前庭沟切口(30.4%),其次为单纯冠状切口(22.8%)。40.5%的患者应用小型钛板坚固内固定,20.3%的患者将小型钛板固定技术与钢丝结扎结合使用。74例患者获得了满意的颧面部外形。3例患者术后仍有轻度复视及眼球内陷。所有咬合错乱的患者均获得功能性咬合。结论:颧骨复合体骨折有多种治疗方法,可根据情况选择使用。应用冠状切口或辅加其它切口进路及小型钛板坚固内固定技术可获得满意的疗效。  相似文献   

2.
头皮冠状切口联合口内切口治疗颧骨复合体骨折   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 研究头皮冠状切口联合口内切口治疗颧骨复合体骨骨折的临床疗效.方法 以头皮冠状切口联合口内切口治疗颧骨复合体骨折31例,分析手术方法及疗效.结果 31例颧骨复合体骨折患者均获得良好疗效,患者面型恢复满意,张口度恢复良好,无严重并发症发生.结论 头皮冠状切口联合口内切口治疗颧骨复合体骨折是一种较好的方法.  相似文献   

3.
颧骨复合体骨折59例临床分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:对59例颧骨复合体骨折病例进行临床回顾性分析。方法:59例颧骨复合体骨折病例中,A型骨折15例(25.42%),B型骨折25例(42.37%),C型骨折19例(32.20%)。所有患者均行外科手术治疗。采用颞部切口3例(5.08%),前庭沟切口1例(1.69%),单纯冠状切口22例(37.29),冠状切口+下睑缘切口14例(23.73%),冠状切口+结膜囊切口6例(10.17%),冠状切口+前庭沟切口4例(6.78%),冠状切口+下睑缘切口+前庭沟切口9例(15.25%)。结果:术后随访3~6个月,59例患者均取得良好疗效:开口度及咬合关系均得到明显改善;颜面部外形恢复满意,两侧基本对称;复视消失;神经症状中的感觉异常恢复好。结论:颧骨复合体骨折的复位和固定应根据受伤时间、骨折类型、功能障碍和面部畸形等情况选择适当的手术方法。手术入路应该有利于充分暴露术区、骨折的复位及固定。恢复颧弓前后向距离及外侧凸度是纠正颧突点位置、重建面部高度和面容突度的关键。  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨美容切口在颧骨复合体骨折的复位中的治疗效果。方法:对从2005年1月~2010年12月在我院颌面外科诊治的采用美容切口的95例颧骨复合体骨折手术病例进行回顾性分析。结果:本组患者中陈旧性骨折有29例,新鲜骨折有49例。在95例患者中,采用冠状切口的有49例:11例单纯采用头皮冠状切口(全冠状切口7例,一侧冠状切口4例),38例采取头皮冠状切口(全冠状切口13例,一侧冠状切口25例)辅助以其他切口;单纯采用局部美容小切口的46例:26例采取口腔前庭切口+眶周小切口;12例采用口腔前庭切口+眶周小切口+颞部发际小切口;8例采用口腔前庭切口+眶周小切口+颞部发际小切口+睑板切口。术后随访平均22个月,95例病人中得到随访的有78例(78/95,82.1%),治疗效果Ⅰ级36例(占46.2%);Ⅱ级37例(占47.4%);Ⅲ级5例(占6.4%),73例(73/78,93.6%)患者取得了良好的治疗效果。结论:美容切口包括冠状切口和单纯局部小切口在不同适应症中均可获得满意的治疗效果,随着微创外科的发展,微创小切口值得推广。  相似文献   

5.
颧骨复合体骨折复位径路的临床研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:回顾性分析颧骨复合体骨折的复位径路.方法:对1990-11~2004-12在我院颌面外科救治的资料完整的152例颧骨复合体骨折手术病例进行回顾性临床研究.结果:交通事故是导致颧骨复合体发生骨折的主要因素之一.在152例患者中,有20例单纯采用头皮冠状切口(全冠状切口8例,一侧冠状切口12例),38例采取头皮冠状切口+口腔前庭切口(全冠状切口12例,一侧冠状切口26例),有32例采取头皮冠状切口+口腔前庭切口+眶周小切口(全冠状切口15例,一侧冠状切口17例),有18例采取头皮冠状切口+口腔前庭切口+眶周小切口+其他小切口(全冠状切口10例,一侧冠状切口8例),44例单纯采取局部小切口;术后随访平均3年(6~72个月),152例患者中得到随访的有129例(84.8%),治疗效果1级45例(占34.8%);Ⅱ级72例(占55.8%);Ⅲ级12例(占9.3%).117例(117/129,90.7%)患者取得了良好的治疗效果.结论:冠状切口(必要时附加小切口)和单纯局部小切口在不同适应证中均可获得满意的治疗效果.  相似文献   

6.
颧骨复合体骨折切口选择的临床评价   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
在交通事故及暴力事件趋向增多的今天 ,面骨骨折越来越常见。颧骨 (弓 )位于面部突出部位 ,是面部骨折的好发部位之一。其中颧骨复合体 (zygomaticcomplex ,ZC)骨折占了很大的比例。近年来冠状切口被广泛应用于ZC骨折中 ,取得了很好的疗效。但笔者却有不同的看法 ,特别是随着自体攻纹螺钉微型钛板内固定系统在临床上的应用。笔者采用经外眦切开的结膜切口或睑缘下切口结合口内前庭沟切开治疗ZC骨折 ,取得了满意疗效。现报道如下。1 病例和方法我科 1994 0 4~ 2 0 0 2 12共收治颧骨复合体骨折患者 116例 ,除去 3 0例采用冠状切口广泛暴…  相似文献   

7.
冠状切口在颧骨复合体骨折中的应用   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的探讨颧骨复合体骨折复位和固定术中应用冠状切口入路的手术适应证、手术方法及减少并发症的措施。方法84例颧骨复合体骨折的患者应用单纯冠状切口为36.9%、冠状切口 下睑缘切口为32.1%、冠状切口 下睑缘切口 前庭沟切口为16.7%和冠状切口 前庭沟切口为14.3%。术中患者均使用微型钛板或小型钛板坚强内固定。对于眶底骨折出现眼球内陷的患者以羟基磷灰石人工骨进行眶底重建。结果84例患者均未发生手术后切口感染,术后随访3个月到2年,无面神经永久性损伤,术后所有咬合关系紊乱的患者均达到功能性咬合。通过训练后张口度得到满意恢复。8例患者术后患侧颧弓处仍稍显膨隆。术后眼球内陷只有1例仍大于3mm,其余均恢复满意。结论颧骨复合体骨折使用头皮冠状切口时,熟练掌握颞部的解剖层次是至关重要的,仔细保护神经及血管结构可减少手术并发症。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨治疗单侧颧骨复合体骨折的有效方法及并发症。方法对46例单侧颧骨复合体骨折的患者行冠状切口联合前庭沟切口,暴露眶下缘、颧额缝、颧颞缝以及颧牙槽嵴,复位后在颧额缝、颧颞缝及颧牙槽嵴3点行坚强内固定,术后随访1~30个月,对其疗效以及并发症进行评价。结果所有患者术后骨折一期愈合,面部外形以及张口度得到恢复,未有严重并发症发生。结论冠状切口联合前庭沟切口能充分暴露颧骨复合体骨折,三点固定能有效恢复面部三维结构以及张口度,避免睑下缘切口的并发症。  相似文献   

9.
颧骨复合体骨折经冠状切口进路的临床评价   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
目的 :评价冠状切口进路治疗颧骨复合体骨折的临床疗效。方法 :3 0例颧骨复合体骨折病例 ,经冠状切口进路作开放整复加自钻螺钉微型钛板坚强固定手术。结果 :冠状切口术野清楚 ;骨折复位快、对位精确 ;切口隐蔽 ,无明显疤痕 ;微型钛板内固定 ,自钻螺钉使用 ,提高了手术精度 ;疗效优良率达 93 .3 %。结论 :冠状切口径路同时配合自钻螺钉微型钛板坚强内固定适宜于颧骨复合体骨折的治疗。  相似文献   

10.
颧骨复合体骨折研究进展   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
颧骨复合体骨折是一种常见的颌面部骨折,其正确处理对维持颧面部外形及眼功能非常重要,本言语对颧骨复合体骨折手术进路、复位、固定、眶重建等有关问题作一概述。  相似文献   

11.
鼻眶、颧上颌骨骨折与视力损伤的临床研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
目的 探讨鼻眶,颧上颌骨骨折与视力丧失的关系。方法 对175例因鼻眶,颧上颌骨骨折病例进行回顾,并对其致病因素,骨折类型,视力损伤情况,临床处理及转归进行分析。结果 21例发生视力丧失或大部分丧失,其中鼻眶,颧上颌骨骨折导致单眼失明9例(4.57%),视力大部分丧失12例(7.43%),眼球摘除术2例,交通事故13例,其中5例失明。结论 鼻眶,颧上颌骨骨折可导致视力丧失,男性比女性更易导致视力丧失。临床处理应给予重视,正确评估眼外伤情况,挽救残存视力,促进视力恢复。  相似文献   

12.
We designed a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of retroseptal transconjunctival approaches in the management of fractures of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC). The patients were from a single institution, and had had three-point fixation of fractures of the ZMC between 2008 and 2016. A total of 77 patients (56 men and 21 women with a mean (range) age of 28 (18–54) years), were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 51) had had reduction and fixation of the infraorbital rim using a retroseptal transconjunctival approach. In group II (n = 26) the same approach had been used with lateral canthotomy and inferior canthlolysis for both the infraorbital rim and the zygomaticofrontal region. We analysed the association of both approaches with the outcomes of reduction, fixation, and complications. Suboptimal results were found in 13 patients in group I and one in group II (p = 0.017). There were also three patients with trichiasis and two with entropion in group I, and one each of both complications in group II. There was only one patient with a malopposed lateral canthus in group II. All 26 patients in group II had no perceptible scar along the extended line of incision. The risk of a suboptimal outcome was reduced by 20% (relative risk = 0.8) in group II. The retroseptal transconjunctival approach with lateral canthotomy and inferior cantholysis is safe, aesthetic, and effective in the management of fractures of the ZMC.  相似文献   

13.
Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the severity of infraorbital nerve injury following zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures and to estimate the treatment methods facilitating its functional recovery. A total of 478 patients with unilateral zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures were treated. Infraorbital nerve sensory disturbances were diagnosed in 64·4% of the patients. Injury of the infraorbital nerve was expressed as asymmetry index, which was calculated as a ratio between the affected side and the intact side electric pain detection thresholds at the innervation zone skin before treatment and 14 days, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. A mean asymmetry index of 0·6 ± 0·03 and 1·9 ± 0·5 was registered for 57 (11·9%) patients with hyperalgesia and for 251 (52·5%) patients with hypoalgesia, respectively. As a result of retrospective analysis of infraorbital nerve sensory disturbances and its functional recovery, infraorbital nerve injury severity was classified as mild, moderate and severe. It was found that the dynamics and outcome of the functional infraorbital nerve recovery depend on the severity of the injury and the presence of infraorbital canal damage. Function was completely recovered within 3 months after treatment in cases with mild nerve injury. In moderate cases, complete recovery was seen within 6 months and in 34·6% of the severe cases, within a 12‐month period after treatment when infraorbital nerve decompression was performed according to the stated indication. Treatment based on infraorbital nerve injury classification offers a better prognosis for complete recovery of the infraorbital nerve function.  相似文献   

14.

Purpose

Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures are frequent in facial trauma; only fractures of the mandible are more common. Although the frequency of these fractures is geographically consistent, the aetiology differs widely among countries and even regions. Differences in socio-economic status and the ageing population seem to be two causes.This retrospective epidemiological study evaluates patients who were surgically treated for ZMC fractures at a Swiss university clinic.

Materials and methods

This study included 471 patients who were surgically treated for ZMC fractures in an oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic at a Swiss university hospital between January 2004 and December 2012. Complicated fractures such as LeFort II/III and bilateral ZMC fractures were excluded. Data on gender, age, and type of trauma were recorded. Fractures were classified by aetiology: motorised road traffic (car or motorcycle), bicycle, interpersonal violence, sports, falls (both less than and greater than 3 m in height) and other causes.

Results

A total of 350 patients were male (74%), and 121 were female (26%). The ZMC fractures were most likely to occur in the third decade (117 cases, 25%). A predominance of male patients was found in the young age groups, but an equal ratio was found in the elderly groups. Etiologically, falls of less than 3 m were the most common cause of ZMC fractures (125 cases, 27%). Interpersonal violence was second (88 patients, 19%); male patients dominated this group, which had a male-to-female ratio of 21:1. A predominance of male patients was found in every subdivision when analysing by aetiology and gender. The lowest proportion of males (57%) was found for falls of less than 3 m.

Conclusion

In our study, interpersonal violence and falls outnumbered road traffic accidents among causes of maxillofacial fractures. This is probably a consequence of strict road and work laws. Additionally, the older and more active populations accounted for the highest proportion of falls, and young male patients were the predominant victims of ZMC fractures.  相似文献   

15.
颧上颌复合体(ZMC)骨折是颌面部最常见的骨折类型之一,除了面部凹陷、复视等临床症状外,还常常因损伤邻近的眶下神经导致患侧下睑、颧面部、鼻、上唇皮肤及黏膜的感觉异常。本文对眶下神经损伤的解剖基础、ZMC骨折中眶下神经损伤的诊断和评估、治疗及预后进行综述。  相似文献   

16.

Importance

Conventional plating systems include titanium plates for the fixation of facial bone fractures. However, titanium plates result in artifacts on computed tomography images and appear unstable on magnetic resonance images. Therefore, absorbable plates have been widely used for the fixation of facial bone fractures of late in Asia.

Objective

To compare stability and symmetry among four different absorbable plates used for internal fixation of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures.

Participants

The subjects were patients with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures that were diagnosed and treated by internal fixation with absorbable plates between January 2012 and April 2018. Patients aged ≤14 years and ≥76 years were excluded. Patients with other fracture types were also excluded.All patients underwent surgery within 2 weeks of the injury.

Intervention

Internal fixation was performed with one of four types of absorbable plates, namely Inion®, Polymax®, Osteotrans®, and Biosorb®.

Main outcome measures

The stability of the four plates was investigated by evaluation of the orbital height ratio (A’/A), zygoma angle (a’/a), distance (b’/b) from the midline, and gap (c) of the temporal process on three-dimensional facial computed tomography images obtained before, 3 weeks after, and 3–6 months after surgery. Any plate-associated complications were recorded.

Results

In total, 400 patients were enrolled, and there were 100 patients in each of the four groups. There were no significant differences with regard to postoperative stability and relapse among the four plates. Moreover, facial symmetry showed no changes over time in any group. Complications such as infection and sensory disturbance were not frequent. All plates except Biosorb® were palpable for more than 6 months after surgery, with Osteotrans® remaining palpable for several years.

Conclusions and relevance

Our findings suggest that all four types of absorbable plates are useful for treating isolated zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. While Biosorb® is unsuitable for severe comminuted fractures. Polymax® and Inion® are not bendable at room temperature. It is important to select an appropriate absorbable plate according to each patient’s condition and the fracture severity.  相似文献   

17.
颧上颌复合体骨折的诊断与治疗   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
颧上颌复合体是面部最突出的部位之一,由于其解剖部位的特殊性,颧上颌复合体骨折在面中部骨折中占有相当大的比例。骨折后不仅引起局部凹陷畸形,甚至导致开口受限、复视等功能障碍。作者结合文献复习和临床经验,对颧上颌复合体骨折的原因、临床表现、治疗方法、手术入路和术后并发症等进行了讨论。认为眉侧切口联合口内切口入路,可以避免冠状切口的种种弊端。此法可在直视下开放复位,较好地暴露颧骨、上颌骨连接处及眶下区骨折,切断颧骨咬肌附丽,松解颧骨骨折块,再进行内固定,效果良好。手术后瘢痕小,面神经功能无损伤,外形及功能恢复良好,值得推广。  相似文献   

18.
张来健  徐伟  王浩  陈志  蒋蕾  郑义诚 《口腔医学》2011,31(10):596-599
[摘要] 目的 探讨颧骨复合体骨折治疗的手术方式,切口选择、固定部位、固定方式与骨折类型的关系。方法 58例颧骨复合体骨折患者分别采用口内前庭沟切口+头皮冠状切口+睫毛下切口、头皮冠状切口+口内前庭沟切口、口内前庭沟切口+原始创口入路、口内前庭沟切口+眶周小切口、单纯前庭沟切口和颞部切口进行手术复位,复位后采用微型钛板、钛钉行骨折固定,单纯涉及颧弓的粉碎型不稳定骨折采用口内切口复位+个性化外固定模板辅助固定。结果 58例患者过3~6个月的随访,外形满意度95%,无开口受限,无遗留上唇麻木,CT片示骨折对位线良好。结论 颧骨复合体骨折的手术方法选择应考虑骨折类型、术者对各种术式适应证的理解、患者的偏好,做好术前与患者充分沟通,在功能和外形双标准的前提下,个性化治疗方案应是最终的目标。  相似文献   

19.
目的 分析颧骨复合体骨折的临床特点,评价其治疗方法。方法 对140例颧骨复合体骨折病例进行回顾性研究。结果 A骨折54例(38.5%),B型骨折65例(46.5%),C型骨折21例(15%)。有116例进行了手术治疗。18例进行了眶的重建。81例采用了钛板坚强内固定术。结论 颧骨复合体骨折必须及时治疗,进行精确的复位和坚固的内固定。  相似文献   

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