老年急性结石性胆囊炎腹腔镜手术时机的探讨

目的探讨老年急性结石性胆囊炎(ACC)的手术时机,以期提高其腹腔镜手术治疗效果。方法本研究为2013年6月至2016年5月收治的79例老年ACC患者,根据其是否具有手术指征,随机分为手术组(40例)和非手术组(39例);手术组行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC),再根据术前发病时间早晚,分为早期LC组(72 h)10例、晚期LC组(72 h)30例。采用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计学处理。两组患者的血常规、高敏C反应蛋白、肝功能、血凝常规等指标以均数±标准差(x珋±s)表示,采用t检验进行比较;手术疗效以率(%)表示,组间比较采用t检验。P0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果术前手术组较非手术组年龄显著减小、血清总蛋白显著增高(P0.05),两组的并存病、其余实验室检查结果均差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。发病早期组(72 h)与发病晚期组(72 h)LC的手术成功率均为100%,两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院天数无显著差异(P0.05)。手术组治愈40例,治愈率100%。非手术组治愈27例,治愈率69.2%(χ2=14.512,P=0.001)差异有显著统计学意义。结论老年ACC患者既使发病时间超过72 h,腹腔镜胆囊切除术也是安全可行的,关键在于切实掌握手术时机、熟练掌握腹腔镜手术技巧,以期进一步提高老年ACC患者的腹腔镜手术治疗效果。     

高龄老人急性结石性胆囊炎腹腔镜手术治疗经验

目的探讨高龄老人急性结石性胆囊炎(acute calculous cholecystitis,ACC)的手术指征、时机和技巧,以期提高其腹腔镜手术治疗效果。方法收集首都医科大学北京电力医院普外科2013年7月至2016年11月收治的43例高龄老人(≥80岁)ACC病人的临床资料,平均年龄为(83.5±2.7)岁,根据其是否具有手术指征,分为手术组和非手术组,对其并存病、实验室检查、手术时机(术前发病时间、体温、血白细胞计数及中性粒细胞比例、高敏C反应蛋白)、手术效果(手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院天数)、术后并发症和治疗效果进行分析。结果 43例高龄老人ACC病人手术组17例,其中腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)13例(最大年龄88岁,成功率100%),开腹胆囊切除术(open cholecystectomy,OC)4例,非手术组26例。手术组较非手术组疗效显著提高(P=0.003),LC组治愈率(92.3%)显著高于OC组(75.0%)。手术时机对手术效果无显著影响(P0.05),但对术后并发症有一定影响。结论高龄老人ACC病人LC是安全可行的,关键是掌握手术指征和时机、熟练掌握腹腔镜手术技巧,同时加强围手术期治疗,以期进一步提高其治疗效果和安全性。     

胆囊引流术后行胆囊切除术治疗结石性胆囊炎的时机选择

目的:探讨经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术(percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage,PTGD)联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的时机。方法:选取2010年2月至2015年2月98例急性结石性胆囊炎患者,根据PTGD与LC的时间间隔分为早期组(2个月)、中期组(2~4个月)及晚期组(4~6个月)。术前行B超检查测定胆囊壁厚度,检测白细胞计数,对比中转例数、术中出血量、手术时间及术后恢复时间等指标。结果:早期组患者术前胆囊壁厚度、白细胞计数、中转率高于中、晚期组,晚期组中转率、白细胞计数明显高于中期组;早期组手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间均高于中、晚期组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。晚期组手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间明显高于中期组(q=4.563、9.345、6.334;P=0.004、0.000、0.001);成功行LC的患者胆囊壁厚度小于中转开腹的患者(t=7.777,P=0.000),且手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间均低于中转开腹患者(P0.05)。结论:急性结石性胆囊炎患者于PTGD治疗后2~4个月行LC可减少术中出血量、缩短手术时间与术后住院时间,利于患者的恢复。     

腹腔镜治疗急性结石性胆囊炎50例的临床研究

目的研究探讨腹腔镜技术在急性结石性胆囊炎治疗中的安全可靠性。方法通过我科2013年1月至2016年1月收治的50例急性结石性胆囊炎患者的临床资料,回顾分析腹腔镜治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的疗效。其中对照组开腹胆囊切除术(OC)40例,试验组腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)50例。对比分析两组的手术时间、术后恢复及并发症情况。结果 LC组的切口愈合时间及手术时间均低于OC组(P0.05)。腹腔镜胆囊切除术除5例中转开腹,余术后无胆漏、胆道狭窄等严重并发症。结论在术者拥有熟练的腹腔镜操作技术的前提下,大多数急性结石性胆囊炎患者行LC是安全可行的。与开腹手术相比,有一定的优势。但仍存在一定的手术风险。     

Experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in calculous cholecystitis

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCE) was performed in 330 patients aged from 14 to 77 years; it was completed successfully in 308 (93.3%) patients. Conversion to laparotomy and standard cholecystectomy was carried out in 22 patients (6.7%) due chiefly (86.4%) to inflammatory disorders of infrahepatic area. 188 (61%) LCE were performed for chronic calculous cholecystitis, 120--for acute calculous cholecystitis. In the latter group destructive forms of cholecystitis were revealed in 34.2% patients. Combined with LCE interventions were performed in 13 patients (4.2%). There were no lethal outcomes after LCE. Severe intra- and postoperative complications occurred in 26 (8.4%) patients; laparotomy for removing these complications was necessary in 3 patients (1%).     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的疗效及安全性分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的临 床效果及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月1日至2018年8月31日因急性结石性胆囊炎行LC的患者 200例临床资料。结果 本组手术均获成功,无中转开腹,手术时间30～140 min,平均56 min;术后排气 时间1～3 d,平均 1.2 d;术后均无胆瘘出现,切口感染5例。所有患者痊愈出院,无死亡病例。随访2个月, 无严重并发症的发生。结论 充分评估病情,结合影像学结果和术者手术经验,制定合理的个体化手术 方案,LC术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎安全、有效。     

急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床体会(附158例报告)

目的:总结腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的临床经验。方法:回顾分析2010年1月至2012年8月收治的158例急性结石性胆囊炎患者的临床资料。结果:156例成功完成LC,2例中转开腹,其中1例胆总管损伤行胆管修补及T管引流术,术后6个月拔除T管;1例胆囊三角严重粘连。术后发生胆漏2例,均保守治疗治愈。结论:随着腹腔镜技术的成熟,其手术适应证进一步扩大,急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术是安全、可行的。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的体会

目的总结急性结石性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(1aparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的临床经验及适应证和手术技巧。方法回顾性分析2000-09～2009-09为132例急性结石性胆囊炎患者行LC的临床资料。结果120例成功完成LC,中转开腹12例。手术时间40～120min,平均60min。术后住院4～21d,平均7d。术后无严重并发症发生。结论只要把握手术时机、掌握好手术技巧、及时和必要的中转开腹,急性结石性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术是安全可行的。     

急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的体会

目的:探讨急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的安全性。方法:对急性结石性胆囊炎185例施行LC。结果:顺利完成LC177例,中转开腹手术8例。全组无死亡病例,无胆管损伤,出血等严重并发症。结论:急性结石性胆囊炎为LC手术的适应证。要求术者具有丰富的LC手术经验和及时中转开腹手术的思想准备。     

A prognostic index of unsuccessful laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the accuracy of using preoperative data for the prediction of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy in patients operated on for acute calculous cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was scheduled in eighty-nine of 184 consecutive patients with acute calculous cholecystitis who underwent urgent or early cholecystectomy without bile duct exploration in our department between 1991 and 1998. The correlation between 11 preoperative clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic variables, and the rate of conversion to open cholecystectomy was studied. Among the 11 variables tested, age and leukocyte count were independent factors of predictive significance. These two factors were used for constructing an additive prognostic index for conversion to open cholecystectomy. Thus, three groups of patients could be identified having a 10%, 30-70% or over 88% risk of conversion. Logistic regression analysis permits accurate preoperative identification of unsuccessful laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性坏疽性结石性胆囊炎

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性坏疽性结石性胆囊炎的手术适应证、手术技巧及并发症的防治。方法回顾分析2005年7月至2009年7月采取顺切、逆切或大部分切除等方法行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的500例急性坏疽性结石性胆囊炎患者的临床资料。结果合并胆囊胃瘘1例,同时行胃修补术;胆总管损伤4例,术中用5-0可吸收线行一期缝合,术后无胆漏、胆管狭窄发生。8例中转开腹。手术时间20～90min,平均35min;术中出血5～100ml,平均30ml。术中无肠管、血管损伤,术后无胆漏、出血发生,无其他严重并发症,全组无死亡病例。320例放置引流管,术后24～48h拔除。术后3～8d痊愈出院,平均住院时间5d。全组腹腔镜胆囊切除术成功率98.4%,中转开腹率1.6%。结论只要掌握恰当的适应证与手术时机,应用顺切、逆切或大部切除等方法,急性坏疽性结石性胆囊炎是可以安全成功施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的。     

急性结石性胆囊炎经腹腔镜胆囊切除术68例临床分析

目的探讨急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)患者的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2007-12—2011-12通过LC治疗68例急性结石性胆囊炎患者的临床资料。结果 68例患者中,67例顺利完成LC,其中1例中转剖腹,术后病理证实为肝门部胆管癌,合并结石性、化脓性胆囊炎,2例患者发病72 h后出现胆汁渗漏,经治疗痊愈。2例术后第2天腹腔引流管引流出胆汁样液体,量为200～300 mL,经治疗2周后无液体引出拔出引流管,顺利出院。结论急性结石性胆囊炎明确诊断后,患者应尽早施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,术中操作困难者应及时中转开腹。尽量减少或避免急性结石性胆囊炎LC手术并发症的发生,显著减轻患者痛苦。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎

目的:探讨急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的术中处理及并发症的防治。方法:回顾分析2004年11月至2009年11月为63例急性结石性胆囊炎患者行LC的临床资料。结果:53例成功行胆囊切除术,3例胆囊大部切除+胆囊粘膜电灼术,7例中转开腹,无死亡、大出血及胆管损伤。结论:急性结石性胆囊炎行LC是安全可行的,提高腹腔镜技术、适时中转开腹是防治并发症发生的关键。     

急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床研究

目的探讨急性结石性胆囊炎发作行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的疗效及应用价值。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2008年10月120例急性结石性胆囊炎LC手术临床资料。结果120例中除2例中转开腹外,余腹腔镜手术均获成功,手术时间60~130 min,术后2~5 d拔除腹管,无切口感染,痊愈出院,住院5~7 d,无并发症发生。结论选择合适的手术时机及方式,医师需具备熟练的腹腔镜操作技术,急性结石性胆囊炎行LC手术是安全可行的。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎临床体会

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的手术及操作要点。方法：回顾分析我院2000年3月-2009年8月行LC治疗的1260例急性胆囊炎并胆囊结石病例。结果：顺利完成LC1220例,中转开腹胆囊切除术40例,无术中大出血、肝外胆管损伤而中转开腹的病例。无术后胆汁漏、腹腔内出血等严重并发症发生。所有患者随访3月～1年,无胆管狭窄等相关并发症发生。结论：LC治疗急性胆囊炎安全可行,术者必须充分了解LC操作要点和熟练掌握操作技术。     

急性结石性胆囊炎早期腹腔镜手术的可行性及手术方法探讨

目的:探讨急性结石性胆囊炎患者症状发作72h内行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的可行性及合理的手术方法。方法:回顾分析136例急性结石性胆囊炎患者的临床资料,并与同期行LC治疗1 165例非急性发作期胆囊结石患者在手术时间、并发症发生率及中转开腹率等方面比较。结果:136例早期行LC的急性结石性胆囊炎患者平均手术时间、并发症发生率及中转开腹率与同期行LC治疗的1 165例非急性发作期胆囊结石患者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:急性结石性胆囊炎在症状发作72h内行LC是安全可行的。手术成功的关键是Calot三角的正确处理,减少并合理处理术中出血是降低肝外胆管损伤和中转开腹率的重点。     

Timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for subacute calculous cholecystitis: early or interval--a prospective study

Background/Purpose The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for subacute cholecystitis and to compare it with interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods The study was performed in 74 patients who had been diagnosed with subacute cholecystitis between January 2000 and June 2005. The patients were divided into two groups. The early laparoscopic cholecystectomy group was composed of 31 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy 24 h after admission to the hospital. The interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy group was composed of 43 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy 8–12 weeks after medical treatment. Results There was no significant difference between the conversion rate, intraoperative bleeding, need for intraoperative cholangiography, minor bile duct injury, and postoperative complications in the two groups. Eleven patients in the interval group underwent urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy or additional procedures because of recurrent cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, or biliary pancreatitis. The early group had a significantly shorter total hospital stay (P = 0.031), lower cost of treatment (P = 0.042), and less difficulty with Calot's triangle dissection (P = 0.008). Conclusions Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be done without hesitation in patients with subacute cholecystitis, in the light of obstacles observed in the interval group, such as dissection difficulty, lack of success in “cooling down”, and additional problems such as choledocholithiasis and biliary pancreatitis.     

腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的临床疗效及对机体炎症反应的影响。 方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2017年6月收治的117例急性结石性胆囊炎的临床资料,根据手术方式分为腹腔镜组(61例)和开腹组(56例),采用SPSS17.0软件对所有临床数据进行统计学分析,两组患者术前术后各项指标、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VSA)及炎症相关指标等计量资料以( ±s)表示,采用独立t检验;全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)发生率及并发症发生率等组间比较采用χ²检验,均以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果腹腔镜组患者手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、肛门首次排气时间、VSA评分、下床活动时间、恢复饮食时间以及平均住院时间均明显优于开腹组(均P<0.05);两组患者术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。腹腔镜组患者术后1 d、3 d、5 d的血清中C－反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素－6(IL－6)水平和7 d内全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)发生率均明显低于开腹组(P<0.05)。 结论腹腔镜胆囊切除治疗急性结石性胆囊炎是安全可行的,具有手术时间短、术中出血少、术后恢复快及炎症反应轻的优势,值得在临床中进一步推广应用。     

Timing of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

OBJECTIVE: Although many surgeons advocate early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in acute cholecystitis, debate still exists regarding its optimal timing. This study compares the outcome of LC performed within and after 72 hours of admission in patients with acute cholecystitis. METHODS: Between January 2001 and December 2006, LC was performed in 196 consecutive patients with acute cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed within 72 hours of admission in 82 patients (group 1) and after 72 hours in 114 patients (group 2). Data were collected prospectively. RESULTS: Both groups were matched in terms of age, sex, body mass index, fever, white blood cell count, and ultrasound findings. The overall conversion rate was 5%. No significant difference existed in conversion rates between group 1 (2.4%) and group 2 (7%) (P=0.3). The operation time (105 versus 126 minutes, P=0.008), complications (0% versus 6%, P=0.02), and total hospital stay (5 versus 12 days, P<0.001) were significantly reduced in group 1. No deaths occurred in this study. CONCLUSION: Early LC can be performed safely in most patients with acute cholecystitis, but we recommend intervention within 72 hours of admission to minimize the complication rate and shorten the operation time and total hospital stay.     

高原地区急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床研究

目的:探讨高原农业地区体力劳动者急性结石性胆囊炎发作行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecytectomy,LC)的疗效及应用价值。方法:90例患者均行四孔法LC。放置引流管23根。结果:90例除1例中转开腹外,余腹腔镜手术均获成功。术后3~5d拔除引流管,无切口感染,痊愈出院。平均住院6.5d。随访表明,恢复劳动快,无并发症发生。结论:高原农业地区家庭主要劳动者急性结石性胆囊炎发病率高,行LC康复快,疗效好,对体力无影响,是一种切实可行的手术治疗方法。