术前访视对择期手术病人手术的影响

目的 探讨术前访视对择期手术病人心理应激的影响,保证手术顺利进行.方法 将800例择期手术行硬膜外阻滞麻醉病人随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组病人采用自行设计的术前访视单进行术前访视,对照组仅给予常规护理.两组病人进入手术室后测定疼痛程度、血压、心率、呼吸及不良反应的发生率,并进行统计学分析.结果 观察组的病人经过术前访视后,在疼痛程度、不良反应发生率、血压、心率、呼吸的比值与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 对择期手术病人进行术前访视及心理疏导,对使病人处于最佳的心理状态来应对手术,具有重要的意义.     

术前访视对择期手术病人焦虑程度的影响

目的 探讨针对性术前访视对择期手术病人心理焦虑程度的影响.方法 选择80例择期手术病人,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组40例,实验组实施针对性的术前访视,对照组实施常规术前访视,应用"状态-特质焦虑量表"(STAI)问卷对80例病人进行术前夜及术前人手术室后的焦虑程度调查,量化病人的焦虑程度,对比两组病人的焦虑程度.结果 两组术前夜的特质焦虑(T-AT)分值无统计学差异;术前夜的状态焦虑(S-AT)分值及术前人手术室后的状态焦虑(S-AT)分值均有统计学差异(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 术前访视能减轻择期手术病人的焦虑程度,特别是人手术室后麻醉前的焦虑程度.     

术前访视对手术病人干预效果研究

目的 探讨术前访视对手术病人的干预效果。方法 将103例病人随机分为观察组（接受术前访视）和对照组（未接受术前访视）。并测定其术焦虑、心率、收缩压、舒张压、疼痛指标。结果 观察组手术前焦虑及血压波动和Ⅱ、Ⅲ级疼痛病人显著低于对照组。结论 术前访视能有效缓解术前焦虑，提高疼痛阈值，减少血压、心率波动，加速术后身体恢复。     

手术病人术前护理访视效果评价

目的评估术前访视对消除或减轻手术对病人所致负性心理的效果。方法300例手术病人按疾病种类的不同用数字随机表分成访视组和未访视组各150例,于手术前日对病人自身疾病认知等情况进行调查,对访视组病人介绍疾病的诊断、治疗、麻醉、手术的基本情况,解答病人的疑难问题,做好解释、疏导工作。结果访视组的病人对自身疾病、麻醉、手术的认知高于未访视组;术前恐惧、焦虑紧张症状较未访视组减轻;经字2检验均有显著性差异(P均<0.005)。术前晚失眠人数少于未访视组,经字2检验有显著性差异P<0.05。基础血压与麻醉前血压、基础心率与麻醉前心率两组各自经t检验,访视组P>0.05,无显著性差异;未访视组P<0.01,有显著性差异。两组比较,经t检验,基础血压、心率无显著性差异,P>0.05;麻醉前血压、心率有显著性差异,P<0.01,说明访视组血压、心率比未访视组平稳。结论通过访视能消除或减轻病人术前焦虑、恐惧、紧张不安心理,积极配合手术,使手术顺利进行。     

术前访视及术中支持对择期手术病人的应用体会

目的：探讨术前访视及术中支持对择期手术病人术中生命体征的影响。方法：选择择期手术病人术前访视132例，随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组术前由手术室护士到病房与患者交流t进行矫正认知和松弛训练。对照组采取常规术前准备。结果：实验组术中血压、心率情况明显优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（p〈0．05）。结论：术前访视及术中支持对促进择期手术病人术中生命体征平稳，减少并发症的发生具有重要意黑，     

术前访视对清醒手术病人的影响

目的 探讨术前访视对清醒手术病人生命体征及相关因素的影响和主要护理措施。方法 将256例人院手术病人随机分成实验组130例,对照组126例,实验组采用术前访视的方法,对照组采用病区一般心理护理。结果 实验组对生命体征影响较小,患者疾病相关知识及对护理工作的满意度均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 对清醒手术病人实施术前访视,提高了病人对手术的耐受性,调动了患者积极配合手术治疗的积极性,促进了护理人员工作的主动性。     

术前访视对择期手术病人术前焦虑程度影响的研究

手术作为一种强烈的心理应激源常导致病人产生以焦虑为代表的心理应激反应，较强烈的生理心理应激反应，过分的紧张和焦虑，会对神经内分泌及循环系统产生影响，使患者生命体征发生变化增加了手术过程中的危险性当反映过分强烈时，会严重影响手术、麻醉的顺利进行以及术后身体的恢复，甚至暂停手术。术前访视是手术室护士对手术病人在手术前提供的改变其行为和生活方式所必需的知识与技术，可促进手术后的康复，提高生活质量。     

术前访视对手术病人干预效果研究

目的探讨术前访视对手术病人的干预效果.方法将103例病人随机分为观察组(接受术前访视)和对照组(未接受术前访视).并测定其术前焦虑、心率、收缩压、舒张压、疼痛指标.结果观察组手术前焦虑及血压波动和Ⅱ、Ⅲ级疼痛病人显著低于对照组.结论术前访视能有效缓解术前焦虑,提高疼痛阈值,减少血压、心率波动,加速术后身体恢复.     

术前访视对择期手术病人的效果评价

[目的]探讨术前访视对择期手术病人效果的影响。[方法]将60例择期手术病人随机分成术前访视组32例和对照组28例,访视组给予规范化术前访视,对照组采用普通访视。测两组病人术晨08:00入手术室时焦虑值及血压、心率并记录,术后3d回访病人,记录病人对访视的评价。[结果]病人焦虑值及术前收缩压、心率访视组均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后回访满意度访视组(90.62%)高于对照组(53.57%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]规范化术前访视可改善病人心理焦虑,维持血压、心率稳定,从而提高围术期护理质量,保证手术顺利进行。     

全麻下斜视矫正术患儿的术前访视技巧

报告了术前访视技巧在60例全麻斜视矫正术患儿中的应用。根据不同年龄患儿的心理特点采用不同的访视技巧,与患儿建立亲密的关系;访视时注意融入患儿的活动中,缩短与患儿的心理距离;了解患儿的生活习惯,缓解家长的心理压力;灵活运用各种沟通技巧,全面收集患儿的资料。本组有56例患儿进入手术室时表现平静,能主动或配合护士进入手术室,仅4例患儿哭闹。     

The meaning of being triaged to non-emergency ambulance care as experienced by patients

BackgroundThe levels of care in the Swedish healthcare system comprise self-care, primary care as well as accident and emergency care. The Swedish system of specialist ambulance nurses enables referral by prehospital triage. However, little is known about patients' experiences of not being triaged to the emergency department.AimTo explore the subjective meaning of non-emergency ambulance care among patients who were triaged to levels of care below that of the Accident and Emergency Department.Approach/MethodsAn inductive design inspired by phenomenological hermeneutics. Twelve patients were interviewed using an open-ended method.FindingsTwo structural analyses resulted in three themes covering the subjective meaning of being taken seriously or not being taken seriously. When taken seriously, the patient was empowered irrespective of the outcome of the medical assessment and triage process. When not taken seriously the patient doubted her/his own judgement and felt guilty and ashamed about bothering the ambulance service.ConclusionN-EAC involves a strong need to be taken seriously and listened to when describing one's illness experience. When taken seriously, the patient feels as a competent person. Spending time with the patient is vital as well as listening to and inviting her/him to participate in the decision-making process. However not being taken seriously constitutes an infringement of personal autonomy.     

家庭访视对社区高血压患者治疗行为依从性的影响

目的 :通过以奥马哈系统为基础的高血压家庭访视提高患者治疗行为依从性,控制血压。方法 :采用随机抽样法将三个社区卫生服务中心高血压档案有记录者分为实验组和对照组,两组各65名。实验组采用以奥马哈系统为基础的社区高血压患者家庭访视。对照组采用社区高血压常规护理。比较两组干预前后治疗行为依从性及生理指标变化情况。结果 :最终完成实验的人数为实验组63名,对照组62名。实验组治疗行为依从性干预后较干预前总分中位数提高14分,两组干预前后差值在总分、遵医行为、服药行为、日常生活管理方面比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组收缩压较对照组干预前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 :家庭访视可提高患者治疗行为依从性,降低患者收缩压。     

Reasons why patients bypass their GP to visit a hospital emergency department

Knowledge about what motivates patients to visit the emergency department (ED) of a hospital for minor complaints, instead of visiting their general practitioner (GP), can help to reduce unnecessary utilization of expensive services. This paper reports on a study designed to investigate the reasons why patients visit the ED and to determine the influence of patient characteristics on specific motives. A multidimensional measurement instrument was designed to identify the motives of patients who bypass their GP and visit the ED. The instrument assessed 21 motives, all measured by means of three questions in Likert format. During a period of 1 week, all patients who visited the ED of two hospitals in Amsterdam were asked to complete a questionnaire when they were 'self-referred' with minor complaints. A total of 403 questionnaires were analysed, and the results show that motives relating to the GP play a minor role in the decision of patients to visit the ED. Profiles of two major patient groups could be identified. One group comprised patients with a high socio-economic status living in suburbs, whose motives for visiting the ED are mainly of a financial nature. Patients in the second group mainly lived in the inner-city, and preferred the expertise and facilities provided by the ED.