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1.
Objective
Weight and height growth impairment is one of the most frequent manifestations in HIV-infected children and may be the first sign of disease, being considered a marker of disease progression and an independent risk factor for death. The aim of this review is to evaluate the influence of antiretroviral therapy on the growth pattern of children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS.Source of data
A non-systematic review was carried out in the PubMed database, with the terms “HIV”, “Weight and height growth”, “ART” and “children”. The most relevant publications were selected.Data Synthesis
Antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected children and is clearly associated with recovery of weight and height-for-age Z-scores, especially when started early, in the asymptomatic child still without weight–height impairment. Therapeutic strategies involving the GH/IGF-1 axis, especially for children with growth impairment, are still being studied.Conclusions
HIV-infected children show early weight–height impairment; antiretroviral therapy improves the anthropometric profile of these children. 相似文献2.
Introduction
Psoriasis is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular and/or metabolic comorbidity in adults, but discordant data have been reported in children.Objective
To evaluate the frequency of metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidity in children with psoriasis and to establish whether age at onset of psoriasis correlates with metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidity in adulthood.Material and methods
We conducted a systematic review on MEDLINE, using PubMed and Ovid. The search was limited to children (< 18 years). The following key words were used: “psoriasis” with “children or childhood or adolescent” and “obesity” or “hypertension” or “diabetes” or “dyslipidemia” or “cardiovascular risk factor” or “myocardial infarction” or “stroke” or “coronaropathy” or “comorbidity”. The reference lists of the articles retrieved were checked for additional relevant studies.Results
A total of 377 potential citations were analyzed. After removing duplicate articles and reviewing eligibility in titles and abstracts, 16 articles remained. The studies analyzed revealed significantly higher risk of overweight and obesity in children with psoriasis, despite the numerous definitions used. Four studies reported higher risk of abdominal obesity in children with psoriasis. Data on hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and major cardiovascular events suggested there was no higher risk of these comorbidities in children with psoriasis. Two studies suggested that age at onset of psoriasis did not increase the frequency of comorbidity in adulthood.Conclusion
This systematic review suggests that psoriasis in children is not associated with metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities, except overweight and obesity, for which higher prevalence is clearly demonstrated in the literature. 相似文献3.
Objectives
To discuss the etiology and growth consequences of small size at birth and the indications, effects, and safety of biosynthetic growth hormone therapy in children born small for gestational age.Source of data
A comprehensive and non-systematic search was carried out in the PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases from 1980 to the present day, using the terms “small for gestational age,” “intrauterine growth restriction,” and “growth hormone”. The publications were critically selected by the authors.Data synthesis
Although the majority of children born small for gestational age show spontaneous catch-up growth during the first two years of life, some of them remain with short stature during childhood, with high risk of short stature in adult life. Treatment with growth hormone might be indicated, preferably after 2–4 years of age, in those small for gestational age children who remain short, without catch-up growth. Treatment aims to increase growth velocity and to reach a normal height during childhood and an adult height within target height. Response to growth hormone treatment is variable, with better growth response during the pre-pubertal period.Conclusions
Treatment with growth hormone in short children born small for gestational age is safe and effective to improve adult height. Efforts should be done to identify the etiology of small size at birth before treatment. 相似文献4.
Mercedes García-Reymundo Xavier Demestre María José Calvo Gemma Ginovart Ana Jiménez José Antonio Hurtado 《Anales de pediatría (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)》2018,88(5):246-252
Introduction
Late preterm (LP) infants (34 -36 weeks of gestation) are the largest group of preterm infants and also the least studied so far. In order to improve their care and reduce the impact of their increased morbidity and mortality, it is essential to know the current situation in Spain.Population and method
Clinical-epidemiological variables of the LP population of 34 participating hospitals were prospectively collected from 1 April 2011 to 31 March 2016, and were then compared with the Minimum Perinatal Data Set for term births in the database.Results
Of the 9,121 LP studied, 21.7% of 34, 30.8% of 35, and 47.5% of 36 weeks of gestation. The mortality rate was 2.8%. More than one-quarter (27.7%) were multiple pregnancies. Maternal disease were identified in 47.1% and 41.4% were pathological gestation. Just under half (47.9%) were by Caesarean section and 18.8% were of unknown origin or unjustified. No known cause of prematurity was found in 29%, and 3.1% were recognized as unjustified?caesarean?. Just under half (47%) of the LP were breastfed, and 58.6% required admission to neonatology, with 15.2% to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Coded diagnoses were recorded in 46.2%, with the most frequent being jaundice, 43.5%, hypoglycaemia, 30%, and respiratory disorders with 28.7%.Conclusions
The large sample of LP studied helps us to highlight the higher neonatal mortality and morbidity that this population suffers and the unavoidable relationship of its incidence with multiparity, maternal aging, and the still numerous inductions of labour and unjustified elective caesareans. 相似文献5.
6.
Objective
To assess the relationship between mouth breathing and growth disorders among children and teenagers.Data source
Search on MEDLINE database, over the last 10 years, by using the following terms: “mouth breathing”, “adenotonsilar hypertrophy”, “allergic rhinitis”, “sleep disturbance” AND “growth impairment”, “growth hormone”, “failure to thrive”, “short stature”, or “failure to thrive”.Data summary
A total of 247 articles were identified and, after reading the headings, this number was reduced to 45 articles, whose abstracts were read and, of these, 20 were deemed important and were included in the review. In addition of these articles, references mentioned in them and specific books on mouth breathing deemed important were included. Hypertrophy of palatine and/or pharyngeal tonsils, whether associated with allergic rhinitis, as well as poorly controlled allergic rhinitis, are the main causes of mouth breathing in children. Respiratory sleep disorders are frequent among these patients. Several studies associate mouth breathing with reduced growth, as well as with reduced growth hormone release, which are reestablished after effective treatment of mouth breathing (clinical and/or surgical).Conclusions
Mouth breathing should be considered as a potential cause of growth retardation in children; pediatricians should assess these patients in a broad manner. 相似文献7.
Leandro Pereira Garcia Camila Mariano Fernandes Jefferson Traebert 《Jornal de pediatria》2019,95(2):194-200
Objectives
To analyze the risk factors for neonatal death in Florianópolis, the Brazilian city capital with the lowest infant mortality rate.Method
Data were extracted from a historical cohort with 15,879 live births. A model was used that included socioeconomic, behavioral, and health service use risk factors, as well as the Apgar score and biological factors. Risk factors were analyzed by hierarchical logistic regression.Results
Based on the multivariate analysis, socioeconomic factors showed no association with death. Insufficient prenatal consultations showed an OR of 3.25 (95% CI: 1.70–6.48) for death. Low birth weight (OR 8.42; 95% CI: 3.45–21.93); prematurity (OR 5.40; 95% CI: 2.22–13.88); malformations (OR 4.42; 95% CI: 1.37–12.43); and low Apgar score at the first (OR 6.65; 95% CI: 3.36–12.94) and at the fifth (OR 19.78; 95% CI: 9.12–44.50) minutes, were associated with death.Conclusion
Differing from other studies, socioeconomic conditions were not associated with neonatal death. Insufficient prenatal consultations, low Apgar score, prematurity, low birth weight, and malformations showed an association, reinforcing the importance of prenatal access universalization and its integration with medium and high-complexity neonatal care services. 相似文献8.
Objectives
This study aimed to review the literature on the repercussions of the different inborn errors of immunity on growth, drawing attention to the diagnosis of this group of diseases in patients with growth disorders, as well as to enable the identification of the different causes of growth disorders in patients with inborn errors of immunity, which can help in their treatment.Data sources
Non-systematic review of the literature, searching articles since 2000 in PubMed with the terms “growth”, “growth disorders”, “failure to thrive”, or “short stature” AND “immunologic deficiency syndromes”, “immune deficiency disease”, or “immune deficiency” NOT HIV. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIN) database was searched for immunodeficiencies and short stature or failure to thrive.Data summary
Inborn errors of immunity can affect growth in different ways, and some of them can change growth through multiple simultaneous mechanisms: genetic syndromes; disorders of the osteoarticular system; disorders of the endocrine system; reduction in caloric intake; catabolic processes; loss of nutrients; and inflammatory and/or infectious conditions.Conclusions
The type of inborn errors of immunity allows anticipating what type of growth disorder can be expected. The type of growth disorder can help in the diagnosis of clinical conditions related to inborn errors of immunity. In many inborn errors of immunity, the causes of poor growth are mixed, involving more than one factor. In many cases, impaired growth can be adjusted with proper inborn errors of immunity treatment or proper approach to the mechanism of growth impairment. 相似文献9.
Objective
To address the growth of full-term children in the first 6 months of life in exclusive breastfeeding.Source of data
A non-systematic review was carried out by searching the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases and the World Health Organization website for articles and documents on the growth of exclusively breastfed infants and their monitoring. Those documents considered to be the most relevant by the author were selected.Data synthesis
Exclusively breastfeed infants show differentiated growth when compared to formula-fed infants. Weight loss in the first four days of life is due more to loss of fat mass rather than lean mass, including body water, and is usually lower in exclusively breastfed infants. In turn, the time for recovery of the birth weight may be longer in these infants. Formula-fed infants gain weight and increase their BMI more rapidly in the first three to six months of life than infants in exclusive or predominant breastfeeding due to a progressive increase in lean mass. The World Health Organization growth curves, which use the growth pattern of breastfed children as their standard, are used to monitor growth.Conclusions
Exclusively breastfed infants have differentiated growth when compared with formula-fed infants. This should be considered when monitoring the infant's growth. It should be emphasized that the growth pattern currently used as reference is that of the exclusively breastfed infant. 相似文献10.
H. Torchin J. Rousseau L. Marchand-Martin P. Truffert P.-H. Jarreau P.-Y. Ancel 《Archives de pédiatrie》2018,25(2):89-94
Background
Several countries, including France, have restricted the indications for monoclonal antibodies directed against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) compared to the marketing authorization (MA). No new data concerning use of palivizumab on a national scale have been published since the 2007 update of the national guidelines.Objectives
To describe palivizumab administration for RSV prophylaxis during the first RSV season in infants born prematurely in France in 2011.Methods
Infants from the national population-based cohort EPIPAGE-2 born at ≤ 34 weeks’ gestation, discharged home before 31 March 2012 and followed-up at 1 year were included. The RSV season ran from 1 October 2011 to 31 March 2012. Prophylaxis was deemed “initiated” if the infant had received at least one dose of palivizumab during this period and “complete” if it had received at least five doses or as many doses as the number of exposed months. The reference documents were the MA and French Transparency Committee guidelines (TC).Results
Prophylaxis was indicated in 3586 of 3608 infants (99.7%) according to the MA and 1315 of 3608 (16.7%) according to the TC. A total of 1906 infants (26.6%) received at least one dose of palivizumab. The overall rate of conformity with TC indications was 85%, but was lower for infants born at 27–32 weeks’ gestation. The rate of complete prophylaxis was 77.2%. The factors associated with prophylaxis initiation were low gestational age, low birthweight, high maternal educational level, type of neonatal unit, and date at discharge. Factors associated with complete prophylaxis were respiratory impairment, high educational level, and characteristics related to living conditions (absence of siblings at home, type of childcare).Conclusions
Palivizumab administration in France generally conformed with TC guidelines, but could be further improved for infants born at 27–32 weeks’ gestation without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. 相似文献11.
Camila W. Schaan Felipe V. Cureau Mariana Sbaraini Karen Sparrenberger Harold W. Kohl III Beatriz D. Schaan 《Jornal de pediatria》2019,95(2):155-165
Purpose
To evaluate the prevalence of excessive screen-based behaviors among Brazilian adolescents through a systematic review with meta-analysis.Data source
Systematic review and meta-analysis were recorded in the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO-CRD 2017 CRD42017074432). This review included observational studies (cohort or cross-sectional) that evaluated the prevalence of excessive screen time (i.e. combinations involving different screen-based behaviors) or TV viewing (≥2 h/day or >2 h/day in front of screen) through indirect or direct methods in adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years. The research strategy included the following databases: MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and ADOLEC. The search strategy included terms for “screen time”, “Brazil”, and “prevalence”. Random effect models were used to estimate the prevalence of excessive screen time in different categories.Data summary
Twenty-eight out of 775 studies identified in the search met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing was 70.9% (95% CI: 65.5–76.1) and 58.8% (95% CI: 49.4–68.0), respectively. There was no difference between sexes in both analyses. The majority of studies included showed a low risk of bias.Conclusions
The prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing was high among Brazilian adolescents. Intervention are needed to reduce the excessive screen time among adolescents. 相似文献12.
13.
Catherine G. Anelli Claudio A. Len Maria Teresa R.A. Terreri Gleice C.S. Russo Andreas O. Reiff 《Jornal de pediatria》2019,95(2):180-187
Objective
To translate and validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire in a population of adolescents and young adults with chronic rheumatologic disorders. This questionnaire evaluates the patient's readiness for making the transition from the pediatric health service to adult care.Methods
The four-phase methodology for the translation and validation of generic questionnaires was followed, including translation, back-translation, pilot testing and clinical validation of the final tool. The confirmatory factor analysis was used for clinical validation and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to assess the overall internal consistency of the final tool.Results
A total of 150 patients with a mean age of 17.0 years (SD = 2.2 years, range 14–21 years) were enrolled for the final tool validation. Of those, 71 patients had juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (47.3%), 64 had juvenile idiopathic arthritis (42.7%), and 15 had juvenile dermatomyositis (10%). During the confirmatory factor analysis, the dimension “Talking with providers” consisting of two questions, was considered as not fitting the translated questionnaire due to a very high ceiling effect and was therefore excluded. All other translated items favorably contributed to the overall consistency of the final tool; removing that dimension did not result in a substantial increase in Cronbach's alpha, which was 0.776.Conclusions
The Brazilian Portuguese version of the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire was validated in a population of transitional patients with chronic rheumatologic disorders, after one dimension from the original questionnaire was excluded. It is a non-specific disease questionnaire; thus, it can be used to evaluate the transition readiness of Brazilian patients with other chronic diseases. 相似文献14.
Sandra Ana Czarnobay Caroline Kroll Lidiane F. Schultz Juliana Malinovski Silmara Salete de Barros Silva Mastroeni Marco Fabio Mastroeni 《Jornal de pediatria》2019,95(2):128-154
Objective
To describe the main predictors for excess birth weight in Brazilian children.Data sources
Systematic review carried out in the bibliographic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS. The research in the gray literature was performed using the Google Scholar database. The bias risk analysis was adapted from the Downs and Black scale, used to evaluate the methodology of the included studies.Data synthesis
Using the classifications of fetal macrosomia (>4.000 g or ≥4.000 g) and large for gestational age (above the 90th percentile), 64 risk factors for excess birth weight were found in 33 scientific articles in the five regions of the country. Of the 64 risk factors, 31 were significantly associated with excess birth weight, with excess gestational weight gain, pre-gestational body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, and gestational diabetes mellitus being the most prevalent.Conclusion
The main predictors for excess birth weight in Brazil are modifiable risk factors. The implementation of adequate nutritional status in the gestational period and even after childbirth appears to be due to the quality and frequency of the follow-up of the mothers and their children by public health agencies. 相似文献15.
A. Paquet B. Olliac L. Vaivre-Douret 《Neuropsychiatrie de l'enfance et de l'adolescence》2019,67(1):10-18
The psychomotor examination is part of the tests recommended by the “Haute Autorité de Santé” (HAS) for screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, standardized assessment with norms is not systematic in psychomotor assessment with these children, often presented as difficult to evaluate.
Introduction
We would like to highlight the interest and the feasibility of the assessment of children with ADS from a standardized evaluation battery in psychomotor therapy (the battery of assessments of neuro-psychomotor functions of the child: NP-MOT). We analyzed capacities of these children to be evaluated, from a recent study about the evaluation of the neuro-psychomotor functions in children with ASD.Method
Thirty-four children aged from 4 to 11 years old with all intellectual levels performed a psychomotor examination including the NP-MOT battery.Results
All Children have been evaluated using the NP-MOT battery regardless of their intellectual deficiency.Conclusion
Evaluation from a standardized, validated tool with reference standards is feasible in the psychomotor examination of children with an ASD. The use of standardized developmental tools, such as the NP-MOT battery, should be encouraged with psychomotor therapists but also prescribing doctors, since it allows a semiological and etiological analysis of psychomotor disorders in ASD, still little known, but whose repercussions can be beneficial to a better orientation of the care. 相似文献16.
Cristina Jardí Núria Aranda Cristina Bedmar Blanca Ribot Irene Elias Estefania Aparicio Victoria Arija 《Anales de pediatría (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)》2019,90(3):165-172
Introduction
The consumption of free sugars has been related to excess weight, with the WHO recommending an intake of < 10% of total energy. The aim of this study is to assess the association between the consumption of free sugars at 12 months and the risk of excess weight at 30 months in healthy children.Material and methods
A longitudinal study was conducted on 81 children followed-up from birth to 30 months. A record was made of the clinical history and anthropometry, at birth, and at 12 and 30 months. Weight status was classified as with or without excess weight, according to WHO values. At 12 months, the intake of energy and nutrients was analysed by differentiating the intake of free and natural sugars. Multivariate analyses adjusted for the main confounding variables were performed.Results
Free sugars were consumed by 40.4% of the 12-month-old children, being higher than that recommended, and being significantly higher in children with excess weight at 30 months (60.9%). The higher intake of free sugars at 12 months is associated with an increased risk of excess weight at 30 months (OR: 1.130, 95% CI: 1.032-1.238).Conclusions
The consumption of free sugars is much higher than that recommended in 12-month-old infants. This high intake could be a risk factor for excess weight, even at early ages. 相似文献17.
L. Oubrahim N. Combalbert V. Salvano-Pardieu 《Neuropsychiatrie de l'enfance et de l'adolescence》2019,67(1):34-42
Objective
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of behavior problems among children and adolescents with intellectual disability and to demonstrate a possible link with moral judgment.Methods
This study was carried out using two scales on a sample of 60 participants with mild intellectual disability (30 children and 30 adolescents) in specialized schools. The first scale, “Children's Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive” (Farmer & Aman, 2009), was used to assess the frequency of aggressive behavior and the second involved a scale of moral judgment containing several scenarios about social situations of aggressiveness to assess moral judgment.Results
The results indicated that there is a decrease of frequency of aggressive behaviors with the advancing age. In addition, the study highlighted that children and adolescents with intellectual disability have the same way to judge. They are more focused on the consequence than on the intention. Finally, the results showed aggressive people are more focused on the information consequence, and they have more difficulties to perceive a hierarchy of gravity.Conclusion
Our results highlight the specificities of moral judgment in intellectual disability and that there is a link between moral judgment and physical aggression. 相似文献18.
R. Ben Abdelaziz A. Ben Chehida M. Lamouchi S. Ben Messaoud D. Ali Mohamed H. Boudabous M.S. Abdelmoula H. Azzouz N. Tebib 《Archives de pédiatrie》2019,26(1):1-5
Purpose
To describe the management of infants with epileptic spasms (ESs) in a low-income country and identify factors predictive of their prognosis.Material and methods
We conducted a retrospective study in a university hospital in Tunis, Tunisia, over a period of 10 years. We included infants with recurrent ESs.Results
Thirty-eight patients were included. The median age at onset of ESs was 5 months. Typical hypsarrhythmia was found in 21 patients (55%). Brain MRI was done in 32 patients (84%) and metabolic work-up in 34 patients (89%). ESs were categorized as symptomatic in 58% of the patients. Vigabatrin was prescribed as the first-line drug in almost half of the patients. At the last follow-up, 63% of the patients were seizure-free and 82% had a psychomotor delay. The presence of other types of seizures was associated with uncontrolled epilepsy at the last follow-up (P = 0.020). The persistence of spasms after the first-line treatment was associated with abnormal final psychomotor development (P = 0.047).Conclusions
Investigation practices and final outcomes of our patients were comparable to data from high-income countries. Treatment practices have been standardized to be in line with international guidelines. 相似文献19.
C. Carrie V. Walewski C. Levy C. Alexandre J. Baleine C. Charreton B. Coche-Monier L. Caeymaex F. Lageix M. Lorrot S. Klosowski L. Hess O. Zafer J. Gaudelus D. Pinquier E. Carbonnelle R. Cohen L. de Pontual 《Archives de pédiatrie》2019,26(1):12-15
Background
The incidence of meningitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) and Klebsiella oxytoca (Ko) in high-income countries is unknown, and no series have been published to date.Methods
We conducted a nationwide multicenter observational study in France between 2006 and 2016. All children from the French national registry for paediatric bacterial meningitis under the age of 1 year and hospitalized for Kp or Ko meningitis were included. Virulence factors of four Klebsiella spp. strains were explored by whole genome sequencing.Results
Of 1859 cases of meningitis in children under the age of 1 year, 13 cases (0.7%) of Klebsiella spp. meningitis (nine for Kp meningitis and four for Ko meningitis) were registered in the French national registry. Three of the patients died and 50% of the survivors had developmental delays.Conclusions
Prematurity, low birth weight, and congenital anomalies of the urinary tract appear to be risk factors for Klebsiella spp. meningitis as well as virulence factors of the strain. 相似文献20.