胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤与黏液性囊腺瘤的CT诊断与鉴别价值探究

目的比较CT诊断与鉴别胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤与黏液性囊腺瘤的临床价值。方法选取我院2016年1~12月收治的胰腺囊性肿瘤患者36例,其中胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤16例,黏液性囊腺瘤20例,均行CT检查,比较两组CT征象与诊断价值。结果浆液性囊腺瘤与黏液性囊腺瘤病灶部位、囊壁厚度、病灶形态、囊腔分隔、胰腺萎缩、病灶边界、胰管扩张等征象比较无明显差异(P0.05),黏液性囊腺瘤病灶钙化发生率高于浆液性囊腺瘤,浆液性囊腺瘤实性成分多于黏液性,但浆液性囊腔最大径小于黏液性,浆液性囊腺瘤大小多≤2cm,黏液性囊腺瘤多2cm,比较差异明显(P0.05)。结论 CT诊断鉴别胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤与黏液性囊腺瘤临床价值较高,有推广价值。     

胰腺浆液性微囊性腺癌临床病理观察

目的 报道1例罕见的胰腺浆液性微囊性腺癌,并结合WHO（2000）胰腺肿瘤病理学和遗传学分类对浆液性微囊性肿瘤进行介绍.方法 对1例胰腺浆液性微囊性肿瘤进行临床病理分析及免疫组化观察.结果 肿瘤位于胰尾,与脾分界不清,侵及胃壁、脾并与脾动、静脉粘连.肿瘤由大量微小的囊组成,呈海绵状,囊腔内充满蛋白性质的液体,囊内壁衬以单层排列的扁平-立方上皮细胞,胞质透明,核小、圆形,无异型,脾内、脉管周围及胃壁平滑肌间均可见肿瘤浸润.结论 浆液性囊腺癌组织学特征与浆液性微囊性腺瘤极其相似,侵袭和转移等恶性生物学行为是其诊断恶性的要点,但其生长缓慢,切除肿瘤治疗效果好.     

胰 腺 囊 腺 肿 瘤 的 超 声 诊 断

进一步探索胰腺囊腺肿瘤超声诊断的临床价值。方法运用二维超声对１２例胰腺囊腺肿瘤的声像图表现进行分析，并进行病理对照。结果浆液性囊腺瘤的瘤体内以多发小囊为主要影像表现，粘液性囊腺瘤内的囊肿少而大。结论超声在胰腺囊腺肿瘤的诊断与鉴别上有重要的临床价值。     

胰腺囊腺肿瘤的超声诊断

目的：进一步探索胰腺囊腺肿瘤超声诊断的临床价值。方法：运用二维超声对１２例胰腺囊腺肿瘤（男、女各６例,其中浆液性囊腺瘤２例,粘液性囊腺瘤６例,粘液性囊腺癌４例）的声像图表现进行分析,并进行病理对照。结果：浆液性囊腺瘤的瘤体内以多发小囊为主要影像表现,粘液性囊腺瘤内的囊肿少而大。粘液性囊腺瘤与囊腺癌的声像图鉴别是困难的,瘤体壁上的乳头样肿块及肿瘤的远处转移提示为恶变,同时提出囊腺瘤与假性囊肿的鉴别点。结论：超声在胰腺囊腺肿瘤的诊断与鉴别上有重要的临床价值     

胰腺浆液性及黏液性囊性肿瘤35例临床病理分析

目的探讨胰腺浆液性及黏液性囊性肿瘤的临床及病理学特点。方法回顾性分析35例胰腺浆液性及黏液性囊性肿瘤的临床及病理资料。结果 35例患者平均年龄为54岁,男女之比为1∶1.77。肿瘤位于胰头7例(20%),胰颈4例(11.4%),胰体尾24例(68.6%)。临床影像学表现均为胰腺囊性占位。所有患者均行手术治疗,其中浆液性囊腺瘤27例(77.1%)(微囊型20例、寡囊型7例),黏液性囊性肿瘤伴异型增生8例(22.9%)(伴低级别异型增生6例、伴中级别异型增生2例)。浆液性囊腺瘤为多房囊性,囊壁衬覆扁平或立方上皮,胞质透亮,核圆形或卵圆形,无明显异型和核分裂。黏液性囊性肿瘤伴低级别异型增生为多房囊性,囊壁衬覆柱状上皮,细胞核增大、位于基底部,胞质内含有黏液,囊壁内有富于细胞的卵巢样间质;伴中级别异型增生者可见乳头状突起及隐窝样凹陷形成,细胞排列呈假复层,核拥挤、增大,可见核分裂。30例经6个月至4年的随访未发现肿瘤复发或转移,5例术后痊愈,随访失联。结论胰腺浆液性及黏液性囊性肿瘤相对少见,掌握临床病理特征有助于准确的病理诊断。     

胰腺浆液性囊性肿瘤14例临床病理分析

目的探讨胰腺浆液性囊性肿瘤(SCNs)的临床病理特征、诊断与鉴别诊断。方法回顾分析14例SCNs的临床病史、实验室检查及影像学特征、组织病理学及免疫表型特点,并复习相关文献。结果 14例SCNs患者年龄33~74岁,平均年龄55.8岁;均为女性;12例以上腹痛、腹胀为主要症状就诊,2例体检发现;5例伴发肝或肾囊肿。14例SCNs亚型中11例微囊型,2例寡囊型,1例实性;其中1例微囊型腺瘤混有黏液性囊性肿瘤成分。镜下肿瘤由大小不等、单个或数个大囊腔组成,囊壁内衬单层立方上皮,胞质透明,核小而圆、居中,无核仁,无核分裂象,囊腔间由粗大的纤维组织分隔;实性型则呈腺泡样排列或中央有小的囊腔,似实性肿瘤。免疫组化:14例上皮标记物CK7、CK19和EMA均(+),Muc-2均(-);9例inhibin和calponin(+);CEA和Muc-5AC(+)各5例。随访19~49个月,未见复发和转移。结论胰腺SCNs是一种少见的胰腺外分泌部肿瘤,结合临床影像学、组织病理学及免疫组化有助于诊断与鉴别诊断。手术切除肿瘤后预后良好,但因部分原发肿瘤良、恶性难以鉴别,需进行定期随访。     

胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤2例临床病理观察

目的 探讨胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤的临床与病理学特点.方法 对2例胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤进行临床病理、特殊染色及免疫组化观察并随访.结果 2例均为中老年女性,均因上腹部不适或疼痛就诊.肿瘤均位于胰体近胰尾部,最大径分别为3 cm和2.6cm;切面呈蜂窝状,囊内含清亮液体或灰红色液体.镜下见瘤组织由多个小囊腔构成,似疏松的海绵状、蜂窝状,囊腔直径0.1 ～0.5 cm;囊壁内衬单层立方或扁平上皮细胞,胞质丰富,嗜酸性,部分胞质较透明;细胞核大小一致,无明显异型性,未见核分裂.免疫组化:CK7、CK20和CA19-9(+),CgA、Syn和CEA(-).结论 胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤为胰腺罕见的肿瘤,临床上多无明显症状,依据其特有的病理组织学形态及免疫组化染色可明确诊断.本病预后很好,恶性变的风险很小.治疗上目前仍以手术治疗为主,手术彻底切除可以根治.     

胰腺囊性肿瘤的声像图特征与分型

胰腺囊性肿瘤的声像图特征与分型中国医学科学院北京协和医院张缙熙，李建初胰腺囊性肿瘤包括浆液性囊腺瘤、粘液性囊肿性肿瘤（粘液性囊腺瘤及粘液性囊腺癌），非常少见，临床诊断困难。浆液性囊腺瘤为良性肿瘤，对于无症状者可不手术切除，而粘液性囊肿性肿瘤可以恶变成...     

胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤MSCT表现与病理特征

目的:探讨胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤MSCT表现和病理特征。方法:回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的43例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤的MSCT表现,观察病灶部位、大小、囊腔类型、中央瘢痕、钙化及强化特点等。结果:43例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤中,浆液性微囊型囊腺瘤34例,浆液性寡囊型囊腺瘤9例。34例浆液性微囊型囊腺瘤的囊直径平均为(4.2±0.5)cm,其中多囊蜂窝型29例,囊内见多发厚薄不均的蜂窝状分隔,其囊隔厚度为0.03~0.2 cm;多囊海绵型5例,瘤内呈海绵状囊实混杂密度,囊隔显示不清。34例微囊型囊腺瘤内有中央星芒状纤维瘢痕14例,放射状或砂砾状和囊壁上斑点状钙化14例,上游胰管扩张4例。9例浆液性寡囊型囊腺瘤中单囊型4例,呈圆形或卵圆形,囊直径平均为(3.1±3)cm;多囊型5例,边缘呈分叶状,由数个小囊构成,囊壁薄而光滑、均匀,其囊壁厚度<0.1 cm。增强扫描表现:微囊型囊腺瘤中囊内分隔、中央星芒状纤维瘢痕及实性成分多呈轻中度强化,囊内分隔及实性成分越多,强化越明显,中央纤维瘢痕多呈延迟强化;寡囊型囊腺瘤囊内无强化,仅囊壁、囊隔呈轻度强化。结论:胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤CT表现具有一定特征性。微囊型囊腺瘤CT平扫呈蜂窝状或海绵状,瘤中央见星芒状纤维瘢痕及放射状钙化,增强扫描见囊壁、分隔及实性部分呈轻中度或显著强化,中央纤维瘢痕呈延迟强化;寡囊型囊腺瘤由单个或数个大囊组成,无中央纤维瘢痕及钙化,增强扫描见囊壁、囊隔呈轻度强化。     

胰腺囊性肿瘤的彩色多普勒血流显像与病理对照研究

目的：探讨胰腺囊性肿瘤的彩色多普勒血汉显像特点及病理基础。方法：对17例经手术病理证实的胰腺囊性肿瘤的声像图特点、血流情况及病理之间的关系进行分析研究。结果：浆液性囊腺瘤2例,粘液性囊腺瘤1例,囊腺癌14例。根据声像图特点将其分为三型：单房型、多房型和密集筛网型。粘液性囊腺瘤或囊腺癌过大时呈单房型,多房型是胰腺囊腺 癌的典型声像图表现,浆液性囊腺瘤呈密集筛网型改变,1例囊腺癌也呈类似改变。肿瘤内部不易探及血流,囊腺瘤与囊腺癌周边血流较丰富,且肿瘤越大血流越丰富,其来源为肿瘤血管以及因肿瘤挤压、牵拉移位的周围组织血管,因此频谱表现多样。结论：胰腺囊性肿瘤的声像图改变、血流分布、频谱表现与肿瘤的病理类型密切相关。     

Incidental detection of a microcystic adenoma of the pancreas

Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are uncommon. The two major types of cystic pancreatic neoplasms are microcystic (serous) cystadenoma and mucinous cystic lesions (mucinous cystadenoma and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma). The two types differ substantially in the long-term mortality. Symptoms and signs do not distinguish between the two types, and small lesions are often asymptomatic. The neoplasms may be discovered during imaging procedures for unrelated complaints. Computerized tomography may suggest the diagnosis of microcystic adenoma or mucinous cystic neoplasm when the features are typical, but the final diagnosis must be established by surgical biopsy. Characteristic gross findings, light microscopic findings, and immunohistochemical staining patterns distinguish between the two types. When preliminary open biopsy confirms microcystic adenoma, extensive unnecessary surgery can be avoided.     

Macrocystic serous cystadenoma of the pancreas:CT and endosonographic features

Recently, the term ``serous cystadenoma' has been adopted in the pathological community to qualify the so-called microcystic adenoma of the pancreas. This change in terminology was based on the emergence of a new type of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas, i.e., the macrocystic variant. We report one case of pathologically proven macrocystic serous cystadenoma of the pancreas for which the diagnosis of mucinous cystadenoma was suggested preoperatively. This rare but benign macrocystic variant exhibits radiological features similar to those of mucinous cystadenoma. In addition, inflammatory changes and foci of hemorrhage within the tumor may simulate mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. RID="ID="<e5>Correspondence to:</e5> P. Soyer Received: 25 August 1997/Accepted: 8 October 1997     

Unusual imaging appearances of pancreatic serous cystadenoma: correlation with surgery and pathologic analysis

Background We describe imaging and pathologic features of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas on multislice helical computed tomography CT (MS-CT) and surgical resection. Methods Radiologic and pathologic features were analyzed in five patients. All patients underwent MS-CT and digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and four patients underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Preoperatively, three cases showed radiologic evidence of mainly solid appearance on MS-CT, and the suspected diagnoses were solid pancreatic tumors (patients 1–3). The other two cases showed radiologic evidence of macrocystic tumor of the pancreas, and the suspected diagnoses were mucinous cystic tumors (cases 4 and 5). All patients underwent surgery, and the diagnosis of serous cystadenoma was confirmed on pathologic examination. Results In three cases that showed a solid appearance on MS-CT, a microcystic appearance was identified on microscopic examination, and the tumors were found to be hypervascular lesions on multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT and DSA. In cases 1 and 2, the lesions showed high intensity with internal septation on T2-weighted MR images. In two cases, the tumors were classified as a macrocystic variant of serous cystadenoma, and no mural nodules, papillary projections, or calcifications were seen in the tumors. Conclusion Imaging appearance of serous cystadenoma on MS-CT is various and sometimes indistinguishable from that of solid tumor or mucinous cystic tumors of the pancreas. Imaging findings of hypervascularity and a well-marginated high-intensity lesion with internal septation on T2-weighted MR imaging may be crucial to identify serous cystadenoma that contains no visible cystic compartments on MS-CT.     

胰腺囊性肿瘤的多层螺旋CT表现与病理对照

目的：探讨胰腺囊性肿瘤的多层螺旋CT（MSCT）表现和诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析21例经手术病理确诊的胰腺囊性肿瘤MSCT表现，其中浆液性囊腺瘤5例，黏液性囊腺肿瘤10例，导管内乳头状黏液瘤3例，实性假乳头状瘤3例。男5例，女16例，年龄14—78岁，平均52岁。使用4层和16层螺旋CT，平扫21例，同时增强20例。结果：①浆液性囊腺瘤多表现为多房囊性肿块，囊壁及分隔厚薄均匀，无壁结节。②黏液性囊腺肿瘤表现为多房或单房、边界清楚、无壁结节或壁结节小；而黏液性囊腺癌浸润周围组织、边界不清、壁结节较大。③导管内乳头状黏液瘤为多房或葡萄串样囊性肿块，与扩张的胰管相通。④实性假乳头状瘤边界清，可有较厚包膜，囊性成分与实性成分构成比例不一，实性部分逐步强化。结论：MSCT可以展示胰腺囊性肿瘤的病理特征，对诊断与鉴别诊断有较高的价值。     

胰腺囊性肿瘤的诊断与治疗(附16例报告)

自1965～1974年的近30年间,我们收治了16例胰腺囊性肿瘤病人。男性4例,女性12例,平均年龄50.9岁。多数学者建议废弃小囊性和巨囊性的分类,而采用浆液性和粘液性的组织学名称。B超和CT对于肿物的检出和肿物周边钙化的显示具有一定价值。囊壁不完全的活检可导致冰冻甚至石腊切片的误诊。各种类型的病变均需行手术切除。本文还对各类囊性肿瘤的特征与假性囊肿的鉴别诊断及各类手术方式作了讨论。     

52例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤临床病理分析

目的：探讨胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤（SCAP）的临床病理特点。方法：对52例SCAP患者进行临床资料、病理学检查统计，并随访其中20例。结果：52例SCAP患者中女44例（84．6％），男8例（15．4％）；平均年龄59岁；有临床症状者33例（63．5％）；肿瘤位于胰体尾部者36例（69．2％）。SCAP呈囊性，囊壁内衬扁平、立方上皮细胞，胞质透亮，细胞无异型。按WHO标准分类，52例中属浆液性微囊性腺瘤者45例（86．5％），浆液性寡囊性腺瘤7例（13．5％）。肿瘤细胞PAS染色阳性。52例肿瘤细胞广谱细胞角蛋白（AEI／AE3）、细胞角蛋白7（CK7）、细胞角蛋白19（CK19）全部阳性表达；CA19—9、CEA部分阳性表达；胰岛素、MIB-1阴性。2例电镜超微结构显示肿瘤细胞腔面有微绒毛，胞质内含有糖原。20例患者经4个月到8年不等的随访，未发现复发及转移。结论：SCAP好发于老年女性患者，肿瘤多位于胰体尾部，近2／3的患者有临床症状。SCAP来源于胰腺导管上皮，为良性肿瘤，患者预后好。     

胰腺囊性肿瘤及肿瘤样病变CT诊断及鉴别

目的 探讨胰腺不同性质囊性病变的CT表现特点。方法 回顾性分析、横向对比32例胰腺常见不同性质囊性病变CT特点。所有病例均经CT平扫,23例于平扫后行增强扫描。所有病例经手术病理或随访证实。结果 胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤5例,粘液性囊腺瘤3例,囊腺癌3例,1例胰腺导管内乳头状粘液性肿瘤,2例胰腺真性囊肿,18例假性囊肿。结论 真性或假性囊肿结合病史,诊断不难;而浆液或粘液囊腺瘤与囊腺癌容易相互误诊,应仔细分析其CT表现特点。     

Giant serous cystadenoma of the pancreas appearing sonographically as a remote pararenal mass

Macrocystic serous cystadenoma (MSC) of the pancreas is a rare benign neoplasm with varied imaging appearances. We describe an intriguing case of a surgically resected and histologically proven giant MSC, developed in the pararenal space. Ultrasonography (US) revealed a large, oligocystic mass around the lower pole of right kidney. Like US, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging were unable to detect the origin of the lesion, which was only verified at surgical exploration. A bizarre finding was the unusual location of the pancreatic tumor growing seemingly apart from the pancreas itself, with no obvious connection to it.