肺血管磁共振成像的对比研究

用１．０Ｔｅｓｌａ超导ＭＲ仪,体外圈技术,对４６例志愿者进行２ＤｔｕｒｂｏＦＬＡＳＨ和／或３ＤＦＩＳＰ肺释ＭＲＡ成像共１１３次,分４组进行分析统计。结果显示：Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ增强后的２Ｄ和３Ｄ－ＴＯＦ ＭＲＡ信噪比明显高于未使用Ｃｄ－ＤＴ－ＰＡ的ＭＲＡ信噪比（Ｐ〈０．０１）;２Ｄ－ＴＯＦ ＭＲＡ增强后所显示的左、右肺动脉分支数量（险左叶舌段）明显多于增强前（Ｐ〈０．０５）;３Ｄ－ＴＯＰ ＭＲＡ增强后     

参麦注射液防治兔油酸型急性呼吸窘迫综合征的实验研究

目的：观察静注参麦注射液对实验性油酸型急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ＡＲＤＳ）的影响。方法：静脉注射油酸（０．１ｍｌ／ｋｇ）复制家兔ＡＲＤＳ的动物模型,随后立即静脉注射参麦注射液（１０ｍｌ／ｋｇ）,观察在ＡＲＤＳ发展过程中白细胞介素－１（ＩＬ－１）、肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）、血气,２ｈ后处死动物检测肺组织匀浆ＩＬ－１、ＴＮＦ活性及病理改变,并与模型组做比较。结果：参麦注射液可明显缓解油酸所致的急性肺损伤,改善低氧血症,经统计学处理后治疗组与模型组相比,血浆ＩＬ－１,ＴＮＦ在１２０ｍｉｎ（Ｐ＜０．０５）,肺组织匀浆ＩＬ－１、ＴＮＦ治疗组与模型组相比较亦降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：提示参麦注射液可明显减轻所致的急性肺损伤,对防治ＡＲＤＳ有一定的作用     

牛磺酸对糖尿病大鼠心肌组织肾素－血管紧张素系统的抑制作用

在链脲佐菌素所致糖尿病大鼠模型（链脲佐菌素７０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ｉ．ｐ）中观察了大鼠心肌组织肾素－血管紧张素系统（ＲＡＳ）的变化以及牛磺酸的治疗作用（２％牛磺酸饮水给药４周）。结果表明：糖尿病大鼠较正常大鼠心肌组织ＲＡ，ＡＣＥ活性显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＡＴ－Ⅰ和ＡＴⅡ含量均明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０１），牛磺酸治疗组大鼠较未治疗组大鼠上述各项指标均有不同程度的降低，其中ＡＣＥ活性和ＡＴ－Ⅰ、ＡＴ－Ⅱ含量的改变差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１），ＲＡ改变差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示：心肌组织ＲＡＳ功能亢进参与了糖尿病性心肌病发病过程。牛磺酸抑制心肌组织ＲＡＳ功能对减轻糖尿病心肌损害具有一定的临床治疗意义。     

培哚普利对心衰大鼠心肌肌浆网Ca^2＋泵活性和Ca^2＋释放通道密度的影响

目的 探讨血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ＡＣＥＩ）培哚普利干预慢性心衰对心肌肌浆网（ＳＲ）Ｃａ＾２＋泵活性和Ｃａ＾２＋释放通道（ＲｙＲ２）密度的影响及意义。方法 通过结扎大鼠左冠脉建立慢性心衰模型,以培哚普利进行干预,对照观察血流动力学、左室心肌ＳＲ Ｃａ＾２＋泵活性、〔＾３Ｈ〕－ｒｙａｎｏｄｉｎｅ与ＲｙＲ２最大结合量（Ｂｍａｘ）Ｋｄ值。结果 与对照组（Ｃ组）相比,心衰组（Ｆ组）ＬＶＥＤＰ显著升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,＋ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ、－ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）,培哚普利组（Ｐ且）ＬＶＥＤＰ显著低于Ｆ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）ｄｐ／ｔｄｍａｘ、－ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ显著高于Ｆ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。Ｆ组心肌ＳＲ Ｃａ＾２＋泵活性、〔＾３Ｈ〕－ｒｙａｎｏｄｉｎｅ与ＲｙＲ２最大结合量Ｂｍａｘ显著低于Ｃ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,Ｐ     

活性氧在油酸型ARDS中作用的研究

研究活性氧在油酸型成人呼吸窘迫综合征（ＡＲＤＳ）发病中的作用及维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）的保护作用。结果表明,油酸组肺组织和血浆内丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量及ＢＡＬＦ蛋白含量增加显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）;全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和血浆铜蓝蛋白活性及ＰＯ２显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）;ＶＥ治疗组损伤较油酸组明显减轻（Ｐ〈０．０５）。此外,ＰＯ２与肺组织内ＭＤＡ含量之间具有良好的经性关系。提示活性氧可促使油酸型ＡＲＤＳ的发病,     

胸腺细胞腹腔注射佐治29例营养不良并反复呼吸道感染患儿观察

目的：观察胸腺细胞腹腔注射佐治２９例营养不良呼吸道感染患儿的临床效果及免疫功能。方法：血清免疫球蛋白、ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ、ＩＬ－２活性以及Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群分别采用快速免疫消浊法,ＡＰＡＡＰ、ＭＴＴ以及ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定。结果：与对照组比较,治疗前ＩＬ－２活性,ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４和ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８均明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）,而ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ则明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）;治疗后,除ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）外,     

冷血心肌麻痹液温度与SR Ca^2＋—ATPase活性及SR Ca^2＋—AT …

评价冷血心肌麻痹液（ＣＢＣ）温度对心肌保护效果的影响。方法：离体鼠心经ＣＢＣ不同温度（４,８,１２,１６和２０℃）停搏１２０ｍｉｎ及再灌注６０ｍｉｎ,测定心肌肌浆网（ＳＲ）Ｃａ＾２＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性、钙摄取和ＳＲ Ｃａ＾２＋－ＳＴＰａｓｅｍＲＮＡ表达的改变．结果：４,８,１２℃组ＳＲ Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性、钙摄取保护优于１６和２０℃组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,４℃￣１６℃组ＳＲＣａ＾２＋－ＡＴ－     

红景天对大鼠脑缺血再灌注时自由基损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的：探讨红景天对脑缺血再灌注时自由基损伤的保护作用,为脑缺血再灌注损伤的防治提供新的药物。方法：用４ＶＯ法复制大鼠实验模型,分为假手术组（ＳＡＭ）、单纯缺血组（ＩＳ）、缺血再灌注组（ＩＲ）、药物预防后缺血再灌注组（Ｒ＋ＩＲ）、缺血再灌注后药物治疗组（ＩＲ＋Ｒ）,分别观察了大鼠脑组织中ＬＰＯ、ＳＯＤ、Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ的变化。结果：①ＩＳ组及ＩＲ组大鼠脑组织中ＬＰＯ含量均显著高于ＳＡＭ组（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＳＯＤ含量均低于ＳＡＭ组（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）,Ｒ＋ＩＲ组及ＩＲ＋Ｒ组大鼠脑组织中ＬＰＯ含量显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）,而ＳＯＤ含量却显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。②ＩＲ组大鼠脑组织中Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显低于ＳＡＭ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,Ｒ＋ＩＲ组及ＩＲ＋Ｒ组较ＩＲ组升高（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：红景天对大鼠脑缺血再灌注时自由基损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

山莨菪碱和肠道吸附剂对兔急性油酸肺损伤的作用

目的：探讨脂质过氧化和中分子物质在兔实验性急性油酸肺损伤中的作用以及山莨菪碱和肠道吸附剂对油酸肺损伤的防治效应。方法：１８ 只兔由耳缘静脉注入油酸０．１ ｍ ｌ／ｋｇ 体重形成急性肺损伤模型,其中１０ 只以山莨菪碱１０ ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 体重和肠道吸附剂１ ｇ／ｋｇ 体重分别处理（各５ 只）作为处理组,另８只作为实验组。结果：油酸组与生理盐水对照组相比,全血超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活力显著减低（Ｐ＜ ０．０５ 和Ｐ＜ ０．０１）;血浆和ＢＡＬＦ中的丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）和丙二醛与脂质系数（ＭＤＡ／Ｌｉｐｉｄ）均明显增加（Ｐ＜ ０．０５～０．０１）;ＢＡＬＦ中的ＡＬＰ、ＡＬＢ和肺系数都显著增加（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）;血浆和ＢＡＬＦ中的ＭＭＳ也显著增加（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。山莨菪碱组和肠道吸附剂组分别与油酸组相比,ＳＯＤ与ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ 活力均增加（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）;除了血浆ＭＤＡ外,其它相应指标均有减低（Ｐ＜ ０．０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论：脂质过氧化和中分子物质参与油酸肺损伤的发病,山莨菪碱和肠道吸附剂对兔油酸肺损伤有防治作用。     

扶正保真汤对荷瘤鼠化疗增效实验研究

对荷人肺腺瘤（ＳＰＣ－Ａ），肉瘤（Ｓ１８０）ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠采用扶正保真汤加环磷酰胺化疗合并治疗，与单用化疗组相比较。结果表明；扶正保真汤加化疗组抑瘤率较高（Ｐ〈０．０１）；且能升高瘤组织内ｃＡＭＰ水平，提高ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ值（Ｐ〈０．０５），增加Ｇ０＋Ｇ１期细胞，减少Ｓ期细胞（Ｐ〈０．０５）；降低血清ＴＮＦ－α水平及ＭＤＡ含量（Ｐ〈０．０１），提高Ｔ－ＳＯＤ活力（Ｐ〈０．０１）。提示扶正保真汤     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.