外固定复位器在复杂胫骨平台骨折中的应用

目的观察外固定复位器在治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的作用。方法采用外固定器复位有限微创双切口内固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折30例。结果30例均获随访,随访时间为14~30个月,平均20个月,切口均一期愈合,未发生骨折不愈合,按照Lysholm评分标准,优良率为93.33%。结论外固定器复位有限切开内固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折复位容易,手术时间短,对膝关节软组织创伤小,固定牢靠能早期进行功能锻炼,是复杂胫骨平台骨折较为理想的治疗方法。     

单臂外固定器治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折(附51例报告)

探讨应用单臂外固定器治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折的效果。本组 5 1例采用单臂外固定器固定 ,随访 0 .5～ 1.5年 ,胫骨骨折均获愈合 ,功能恢复好 ,疗效优良。认为单臂外固定器治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折是一种简单易行 ,行之有效的方法 ,免除患者二次痛苦 ,疗效满意     

带铰链跨越式外固定器结合有限内固定治疗Pilon骨折疗效观察

目的探讨带铰链关节的跨越式外固定器结合有限内固定治疗Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法自2005年2月～2009年11月,采用带铰链关节的跨越式外固定器结合有限内固定治疗Pilon骨折65例,根据Ruedi-Allgower分类,Ⅱ型骨折27例,Ⅲ型骨折38例。应用Mazur标准对疗效进行评价。结果随访时间9～46个月,平均24个月。65例患者中,优27例,良31例,可5例,差2例,优良率89%。结论采用带铰链跨越式外固定器结合有限内固定治疗Pilon骨折,创伤小,并发症少,功能恢复好,是治疗复杂Pilon骨折的一种有效的方法。     

胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗分析

目的探讨不同手术方法在胫骨平台骨折中的治疗价值。方法 38例胫骨平台骨折患者,按照Schatzker分型,Ⅱ型5例,Ⅲ型6例,Ⅳ型7例,Ⅴ型8例,Ⅵ型12例。采用经皮外固定治疗15例,切开复位内固定23例。结果 38例患者随访8～36个月,平均21.3个月,优良率达86.84%。结论胫骨平台骨折的治疗应该根据骨折类型、患者年龄、软组织损伤情况以及患者的全身情况,采用不同的手术方式。对于复杂胫骨平台骨折采用外固定架与内固定物结合的方法则会有更好的疗效。     

外固定架联合有限内固定治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折疗效观察

目的探讨外固定架联合有限内固定治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法外固定架联合有限内固定治疗胫骨骨折患者40例,拉力螺钉或钢丝有限内固定,外固定架辅助固定治疗。结果40例患者随访7～16个月,平均13个月,骨折愈合率100%,关节功能恢复正常。结论该方法手术操作简便,手术时间短,创伤小,不影响关节功能康复,符合生物力学要求,是治疗胫骨粉碎性骨折的一种有效的方法。     

双钢板治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折23例分析

目的观察和分析锁定钢板加重建钢板治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的疗效。方法对复杂胫骨平台骨折23例,行切开复位植骨及锁定钢板加重建钢板内固定手术治疗。结果 23例均获得随访,随访时间为14～30个月,平均随访24个月。23例均3个月内临床痊愈。膝关节功能按Rasmussen评分法评定：优11例,良9例,可3例,优良率达86.96%。结论采用锁定钢板加重建钢板手术治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折疗效确切满意。     

同种异体骨植骨加支撑钢板内固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折

目的探讨同种异体骨植骨加支撑钢板内固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的方法及临床疗效。方法对16例复杂胫骨平台骨折患者全部采用同种异体骨植骨,并用支撑钢板稳定固定,术后根据韧带有无损伤早期结合CPM机行膝关节功能锻炼或石膏外固定。结果所有患者术后获10～62个月(平均38.2个月)随访,骨折均获骨性愈合,骨折愈合时间平均为4.5个月。膝关节功能参照Mechant评分标准,优9例,良5例,可2例,优良率为88%。结论对复杂胫骨平台骨折患者应严格评估软组织损伤程度及围手术期治疗,正确选择手术入路,解剖复位关节面的平整性,对骨折端予以坚强稳定的内固定,坚持生物学固定原则,骨缺损区行足量植骨并压实,有效修复交叉韧带、侧副韧带及半月板的损伤,避免术后胫骨平台发生Ⅱ期塌陷和膝关节机械轴的对线不良。     

内外侧锁定钢板治疗中老年胫骨平台 SchatzkerⅤ、Ⅵ型骨折疗效观察

目的：通过应用锁定钢板治疗复杂中老年胫骨平台骨折,观察其临床疗效,探讨中老年胫骨平台复杂骨折的治疗方法。方法2009年3月～2012年6月,采用锁定钢板治疗中老年复杂胫骨平台骨折22例,男18例、女4例;年龄40～55岁,平均48岁。骨折按Schazker分型：Ⅴ型13例,Ⅵ型9例。术中取内后侧切口及前外侧切口,于胫骨前外侧及后内侧置入锁定钢板进行内固定。患者术后1个月、3个月,半年及1年常规摄X线片。术后3个月后逐渐完全负重,最后1次随访时按Honkonen-Jarvinen 标准对患者进行评分。结果22例均获随访,时间12～24个月,平均18个月,骨折平均愈合时间5个月。骨折愈合20例,延迟愈合2例。结论锁定钢板治疗中老年复杂胫骨平台骨折提供了持续稳定的固定,防止骨折的Ⅱ期移位和膝关节力线改变,术后膝关节功能恢复满意。     

内外侧锁定钢板治疗中老年胫骨平台SchatzkerⅤ、Ⅵ型骨折疗效观察

目的通过应用锁定钢板治疗复杂中老年胫骨平台骨折,观察其临床疗效,探讨中老年胫骨平台复杂骨折的治疗方法。方法2009年3月～2012年6月,采用锁定钢板治疗中老年复杂胫骨平台骨折22例,男18例、女4例;年龄40～55岁,平均48岁。骨折按Schazker分型：Ⅴ型13例,Ⅵ型9例。术中取内后侧切口及前外侧切口,于胫骨前外侧及后内侧置入锁定钢板进行内固定。患者术后1个月、3个月,半年及1年常规摄x线片。术后3个月后逐渐完全负重,最后1次随访时按Honkonen—Jarvinen标准对患者进行评分。结果22例均获随访,时间12—24个月,平均18个月,骨折平均愈合时间5个月。骨折愈合20例,延迟愈合2例。结论锁定钢板治疗中老年复杂胫骨平台骨折提供了持续稳定的固定,防止骨折的Ⅱ期移位和膝关节力线改变,术后膝关节功能恢复满意。     

后外侧入路治疗胫骨平台骨折疗效分析

目的 探讨膝关节后外侧入路手术复位内固定治疗胫骨平台后外侧骨折的临床疗效. 方法 选择2006年1月- 2009年7月采用后外侧入路手术治疗胫骨平台后外侧骨折患者32例,其中男19例,女13例;年龄27 ～ 70岁,平均38.1岁.致伤原因:交通伤19例,高处坠落伤9例,其他伤4例.合并伤:合并前交叉韧带损伤7例,均为胫骨平台止点撕脱. 结果 本组32例均获随访12～36个月,平均18.2个月.骨折全部愈合,无切口感染,无内固定松动或断裂,无膝关节内、外翻畸形或骨折再移位.1例患者术后出现腓总神经牵拉伤,用甲钴胺片保守治疗2个月后恢复.术后根据Rasmussen膝关节功能评定评分标准:优19例,良11例,可2例,差0例,优良率为94％. 结论 膝关节后外侧人路手术治疗胫骨平台后外侧骨折,有利于骨折的复位和固定,具有暴露清楚、内固定安放方便、创伤小及临床疗效好等优点.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.