静脉穿刺输液的体会

<正>静脉输液是救治病人的一项重要护理技术。静脉穿刺是这项技术的关键。减少穿刺失误,提高“一针见血”率,顺利地完成静脉穿刺输液是每个护士的基本功。根据多年的临床工作经验我们谈谈粗浅体会。     

心理因素与小儿头皮静脉穿刺成功率

小儿头皮静脉穿刺是抢救病人和治疗疾病的一种有效措施。良好的穿刺技巧,要以穿刺成功率为准。以往人们总在小儿头皮静脉穿刺的部位、方法、步骤与手感上下功夫。经过多年的临床实践,笔者认为,小儿头皮静脉穿刺成功率除了单纯技术方面的问题外,操作者的心理因素对穿刺率的影响,也值得同行共同研究提高。下面就护士的哪些心理因素会对小儿头皮静脉穿刺成功率的     

手背静脉穿刺的护理体会

手背静脉穿刺是临床护士常用的基本操作技术之一 ,虽属常规、简单的技术操作 ,却关系到护患关系的沟通和医疗保健工作的质量 ,做得好能促进患者身心整体护理的提高 ,有利于护患关系的良性循环 ;做得不好会使工作处于被动尴尬境地 ,所以护士要引起足够重视。我科是保健科 ,保健对象对护士穿刺成功率及疼痛感要求高。经过几年的临床实践及不断总结 ,现将体会报告如下 :1　临床资料　　我科的保健范围是师以上干部 ,从 1 999年～ 2 0 0 1年共穿刺 6875例次 ,年龄 2 0岁～ 76岁 ,其中有肥胖病人、水肿病人、脱水病人等 ,一次穿刺成功 6860例次 ,…     

周围静脉穿刺技术进展

周围静脉穿刺（venous puncture，VP）是临床运用最为广泛最为基础的一项操作。静脉穿刺技术水平的高低直接影响着急诊、危重病人抢救的成功率和临床疗效，同时也是对护士基本功的衡量和对护理工作质量的检验。多年来护理人员对如何提高VP技术的成功率，如何使其操作更趋于完善、规范，一直是护理研究的一项重要课题。NN，现将几种VP技术进展如下。     

静脉穿刺探讨

静脉穿刺是临床护理工作中最常用的技术操作之一。作为一名护士无论在什么情况下都能做到一次穿刺成功，减少或避免静脉穿刺的失败，是一个值得探讨的课题。本文就静脉穿刺成功与否分析探讨以提高静脉穿刺的成功率，减少病人的痛苦。     

静脉输液的创新与技巧

静脉输液既是护士基础护理操作的重要内容，也是临床疾病护理中的重要手段，在临床工作中占有非常重要的地位。其成功率的高低直接体现了护士的操作技术水平，反映出医院护理质量的好坏，并对治疗效果和医患关系产生重要影响。同时，在临床护理工作中，除按正规操作程序外，还应认真观察、学习、探讨静脉输液的技巧问题，以避免对患者造成不必要的伤害，这也是实行人性化护理的一个重要内容。为了提高穿刺成功率，减轻病人痛苦，保证输液质量，静脉输液包含以下许多技巧，现总结如下。     

模拟野战环境下微光静脉输液操作训练方法与体会

静脉输液是临床救治中常用护理技术操作之一,即使战时其应用率也占救护技术的50%左右[1]。我们设计了战时静脉输液穿刺情景,组织护士模拟演练输液技术,应用黑纱布眼罩进行静脉输液训练考核,以提高护士在微光条件下为患者静脉输液的操作能力,报道如下。1一般资料对我院基础静脉输液考核成绩优秀的人员进行筛选,选拔出10名护士进行训练,参加人员均为经过军队护理大专毕业,从事临床护理工作,女性,年龄25-29岁。     

血管硬化患者的静脉穿刺体会

静脉穿刺是临床常用的治疗措施,由于被穿刺患者的性别、年龄、疾病、血管状态不同,不适当的穿刺将影响成功率及治疗效果。本文总结从事临床护理工作二十年来静脉穿刺数千例中96例血管硬化患者的体会如下。 一般资料及结果 本文96例患者均系住院病人,男75例,女21例,年龄11～78岁其中动脉硬化症21例,高血压病12例,各种原因所致静脉其引起血管硬化63例。通过上述护理措施的综合实施,使一次穿刺成功率达到97％以上。 讨 论 血管硬化的患者多见于老年人、高血压症、动脉硬化及反复静脉穿刺所致静脉炎患者。临床特点是血管壁厚而坚硬,如绳索状,有坚实感,弹性     

静脉穿刺应因人而异

成功的静脉穿刺不仅有助于医疗,而且也是护理质量的重要标志之一。多年的工作实践使我们体会到,要提高静脉穿刺成功率,必须针对不同病人的不同血管,采取不同的穿刺方法,才能达到预期目的。１　老年人与血管硬化病人的静脉穿刺　　老年人往往血管硬化、皮下脂肪少,静脉虽然显露,但弹性差,而且易滑动。所以,对血管硬化的患者,应选比较固定的静脉进行穿刺,如肘正中静脉等。穿刺时针尖应在静脉的上方向下压迫直接刺入,否则静脉容易随针尖来回摆动而不易成功。２　女性肥胖病人的静脉穿刺女性一般较胖,皮下脂肪厚,静脉较细,常不显…     

静脉穿刺疼痛的影响因素探讨

静脉穿刺是护士最基本的护理操作之一。据资料统计80％的护士在静脉输液技术上需占用全天75％的工作时间,80％的住院病人及50％以上的门诊病人接受不同形式的静脉输液治疗,因此,静脉穿刺在临床护理工作中占有非常重要的地位,为探讨减轻病人穿刺时疼痛的方法,我们对穿刺操作方法进行了探讨。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.