抗CD4人-鼠嵌合抗体的表达和抗增殖效应

目的：制备抗CD4人－鼠嵌合抗体。方法：从分泌抗CD4单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞中提取总RNA，通过RT－PCR扩增出VH和VL的DNA 片优，对VH和VL进行DNA序列测定和分析，证实VH和VL具有小鼠Ig可变区完整的结构功能后，将VH亚克隆至重链表达载体pγ1-Expr,VL亚克隆至轻链表达载体pκ－Expr转化XL2－Blue细菌，通过菌落或质粒PCR筛选阳性克隆，通过电转染将VH－Pγ1，LV－pκ共转染至小鼠骨髓瘤细胞X63Ag8,653，通过G418筛选，ELISA和免疫荧光鉴定。结果：得到分泌抗CD4人－鼠嵌合体的阳性转染瘤细胞克隆。所得到的嵌合抗体在体外对PHA和IL－2诱导的PBMC增殖具有抑制作用。结论：人－鼠嵌合抗体得到成功表达，并有可能作为免疫抑制剂应用于抗移植排斥和自身免疫疾病的治疗。     

抗人CD86人-鼠嵌合抗体的构建及在CHO细胞的表达

从分泌鼠抗人CD86单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株(克隆号:1D1)中抽提总RNA,采用简并引物,经RT-PCR扩增单抗VH和VL的DNA编码区基因。通过SMART-PCR扩增VH和VL基因相应的信号肽序列。采用基因重组技术,将单抗VH、VL基因及其相应信号肽序列,与人IgG1的CH基因、Cκ链基因进行拼接,构建人-鼠嵌合抗体基因的表达质粒pIRES/1D1。转染293T细胞进行瞬时表达,采用流式细胞术分析,转染上清与L929-CD86基因转染细胞的阳性结合率为97.6%。既而转染CHO细胞,经G418筛选,获取稳定分泌嵌合抗体的基因转染细胞株(CHO-ch1D1)。收集无血清培养基的培养上清,采用Protein G亲和层析柱分离纯化,经Lowr法定量。从上清中获取的嵌合抗体蛋白的得率为3.066 mg/L。经进一步间接免疫荧光及流式细胞术分析,纯化嵌合抗体与L929-CD86基因转染细胞,及Daudi细胞膜型CD86分子的阳性结合率分别为98.5%和95.7%。将嵌合抗体(终浓度为5μg/ml)加入到Daudi细胞的培养体系中,经显微镜观察及MTT法分析,嵌合抗体对Daudi细胞的生长具有抑制作用(P<0.05)。本研究获取的嵌合抗体在CD86分子的基础和应用研究中具有重要的价值。     

抗人CD40人-鼠嵌合抗体在CHO细胞中的表达及其功能研究

目的:实现抗人CD40的人-鼠嵌合抗体(ch-5C11)在的CHO细胞中的稳定表达并对其生物学活性进行初步的研究。方法:pIRES/hu5C11嵌合抗体重组表达质粒用脂质体法转染CHO细胞,采用RT-PCR对CHO细胞进行基因水平鉴定,以流式细胞术(FCM)和Western blot对表达上清中ch-5C11人免疫球蛋白Fc段和κ链成分进行检测,利用Protein G亲和层析和Lowry法进行纯化和定量,MTT实验检测表达ch-5C11对Daudi细胞增殖的抑制效应。结果:获得稳定分泌目的蛋白的CHO稳定株,RT-PCR结果表明目的基因成功整合在CHO稳定株中,FCM和Western blot结果表明稳定株上清中含有抗人CD40抗体,且含人免疫球蛋白Fc段和κ链;Lowry法定量ch-5C11浓度为0.535mg/L,并经SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳鉴定纯度良好;ch-5C11能抑制Daudi细胞增殖。结论:获得了持续分泌ch-5C11的CHO稳定株,功能学研究显示ch-5C11能抑制B细胞淋巴瘤细胞株体外增殖。     

抗CD71人-鼠嵌合抗体对活化淋巴细胞的效应

目的　通过体外实验探讨抗CD71人 鼠嵌合抗体对活化淋巴细胞效应的影响 ,并与其鼠源性单克隆抗体进行比较。方法　以丝裂原诱导的人外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)为靶细胞 ,测定嵌合抗体和鼠源性单抗对其增殖抑制率 ;在新鲜补体存在下 ,测定补体依赖性嵌合抗体介导的细胞毒效应(CDC)。以EBV转化的B细胞为刺激细胞 ,测定两种抗体对其诱导的同种异体PBMC的增殖抑制率 ;以同种异体的PBMC为刺激细胞 ,测定两种抗体在单向、双向混合淋巴细胞培养 (MLC)中的增殖抑制率。结果　嵌合抗体和鼠源性单抗均可明显抑制丝裂原诱导的PBMC的增殖反应 ,且二者抑制率差异无显著性(P >0 .0 5 ) ,其抑制作用随抗体浓度增加而增强 ,PBMC和丝裂原共同孵育 12h后加入抗体的增殖抑制效应最明显 ;在新鲜补体存在下 ,嵌合抗体对丝裂原诱导增殖的PBMC具有CDC作用 ,而鼠源性单抗CDC作用较弱 ;两种抗体对混合淋巴细胞培养反应有明显的抑制作用 ,且嵌合抗体组抑制率明显高于鼠源性单抗组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　抗CD71人 鼠嵌合抗体在体外实验中可抑制淋巴细胞的活化及其效应 ,其作用明显强于抗CD71鼠源性单克隆抗体。     

抗RSV人-鼠嵌合抗体的构建及表达

用RT PCR法克隆抗RSV 鼠单抗4C2 的轻、重链可变区基因, 构建了轻、重链分别表达的载体pAG4622_4C2 和pAH4604 4C2, 及轻、重链同时表达的载体pdHL4C2, 分别转染SP2/0 细胞和DHFR- CHO细胞, 检测培养上清中的嵌合抗体表达。结果在pdHL4C2 转染的CHO 细胞中检测出了可与表达RSVG/F糖蛋白的143TK 细胞结合的人 鼠嵌合抗体     

抗TNF-α人-鼠嵌合抗体的构建及表达

目的：构建和表达抗ＴＮＦ－α人－鼠嵌合抗体。方法：将抗ＴＮＦ－α鼠单抗Ｚ８的轻、重链可变区基因插入到含有人ｋ链和ＩｇＧ１重链恒定区基因的真核细胞表达载体中,分别构建轻、重链分开表达和共同表达的人－鼠嵌合抗体真核表达载体转染真核细胞,通过ＥＬＩＳＡ,ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ、免疫印迹检测ＴＮＦ－α的活性。用Ｌ９２９细胞检测嵌合抗体体外中和ＴＮＦ－α的活性。结果：ＥＬＩＳＡ鉴定结果表明该嵌合抗体与ＴＮＦ－α特异性     

人-鼠嵌合抗体表达载体的构建和抗人HER2抗体的表达

目的 :构建表达人 鼠嵌合抗体的通用真核表达载体 ,用于以嵌合抗体的形式表达PCR获取的小鼠抗体可变区基因 ,以便将人 鼠嵌合抗体应用于临床治疗。方法 :用人Tac抗原信号肽以及人IgCκ基因和γ1CH基因 ,构建人 鼠嵌合抗体的表达载体 ,并转染真核细胞 2 93T进行表达。用RT PCR、FACS和ELISA进行抗体表达的鉴定。结果 :利用人Tac抗原信号肽以及人IgCκ基因和γ1CH基因 ,构建了用于表达人 鼠嵌合抗体的通用真核表达载体。用本研究设计的引物 ,扩增小鼠抗人HER2抗体的V区基因片段 ,酶切后先后插入所构建的载体的相应克隆位点 ,转染 2 93T细胞可将PCR获得的小鼠抗体V区基因片段表达为人 鼠嵌合抗体。用RT PCR、FACS和ELISA证实 ,本系统可表达嵌合抗体。结论 :构建了人 鼠嵌合抗体的真核表达载体 ,并证实了其可在 2 93T细胞中表达。     

抗CD20嵌合抗体的构建与表达

目的构建抗CD20嵌合抗体的真核表达载体并实现在真核细胞中的表达。方法采用RT-PCR,从分泌鼠源抗人CD20抗体的杂交瘤细胞系1-28中钓取其轻、重链基因,连接至T载体,进行序列测定。还原SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离抗CD20单克隆抗体(mAb)1-28的轻、重链蛋白,切取轻链及重链条带,质谱测定氨基酸序列,Biolynx和pepeseq软件分析可信度。对比所测DNA序列与蛋白序列,确定所钓取基因的正确性。将mAb1-28轻重链可变区基因,连接至表达载体pCMV-VH和pCMV-VL,构建成嵌合抗体C1-28的轻链真核表达载体C1-28L及重链真核表达载体C1-28H。PCR、酶切及序列测定以确定连入基因的正确性。脂质体介导法将嵌合抗体的轻重链真核表达载体共转染入293T细胞,RT-PCR检测mRNA水平的表达,夹心ELISA法检测蛋白表达量,Westernblot检测目的蛋白的大小。结果钓取到mAb1-28基因。mAb部分蛋白序列测定结果与根据所钓取基因推出的蛋白序列相对应。成功构建了嵌合抗体的真核表达载体,并实现真核表达,表达量可达257mg/L,其相对分子质量(Mr)与人IgG的Mr一致。结论为后续研究嵌合抗CD20抗体对非霍奇金淋巴瘤的治疗提供了一定的依据。     

抗人CD154人-鼠嵌合抗体Fab段的构建和表达

目的:通过基因工程技术构建和表达抗人CD154人-鼠嵌合抗体Fab段。方法:从分泌鼠抗人CD154单克隆抗体(mAb)的杂交瘤细胞株4F1中提取总RNA,分别采用特异性引物扩增mAb VH和VL的DNA编码区基因。同时,从人脾脏细胞中克隆出免疫球蛋白恒定区基因。利用基因重组技术构建嵌合Fab共表达载体pTXB1-Fab,利用大肠杆菌表达简单,高效,成本低廉的特点,对重组Fab进行原核表达。利用SDS-PAGE电泳、Western blot、流式细胞术对表达产物进行鉴定。结果:NCBI数据库BLAST显示,克隆的基因序列符合小鼠Ig可变区特征。表达质粒pTXB1-Fab构建正确,在大肠杆菌中实现可溶性表达。表达的人-鼠嵌合抗体与亲本抗体具有相同的识别位点。结论:成功地克隆获得阻断型抗人CD154 mAb(4F1)的轻链、重链可变区基因,成功构建pTXB1-Fab共表达载体,在大肠杆菌中实现可溶性表达,为人源化抗体的制备奠定了技术基础。     

抗CD71人-鼠嵌合抗体(D2C)的构建和表达

目的：构建抗CD71人-鼠嵌合抗体的真核细胞表达载体并在真核细胞中表达嵌合抗体。方法：将鼠源性抗CD71单抗(7579)重、轻链可变区基因(VB和VL)分别克隆至含有人IgG轻、重链恒定区的表达载体pγ-Expr和pκ-Expr中；将嵌合表达载体(Chi7579-pγ-Expr和Chi7579-pκ-Expr)经电转染技术共转染至真核细胞(SP2／0)中。结果：经ELISA法检验阳性转染瘤细胞培养上清，证明其表达蛋白产物中同时具有人IgG重链恒定区(pγ)和轻链恒定区(Cκ)蛋白；通过间接免疫荧光流式细胞术(FCM)和间接免疫荧光显微技术，证明该表达产物能够特异性识别和结合表达于靶细胞表面的CC71分子。结论：抗CD71人-鼠嵌合抗体(D2C)在体外真核细胞表达成功。     

抗人CD25嵌合抗体基因的构建及其瞬时表达研究

目的:构建抗人CD25嵌合抗体基因并在哺乳动物细胞中进行瞬时表达和初步鉴定。方法:采用RLM-RACE法克隆WuTac抗体可变区和信号肽序列,并利用基因拼接法构建嵌合抗体基因。用脂质体法瞬时转染三种哺乳动物细胞,并使用ELISA、FCM、WB、Dot blot和免疫荧光法进行检测。结果:成功克隆WuTac抗体可变区和信号肽序列,并构建了抗人CD25嵌合抗体表达质粒。瞬时转染结果表明所表达的嵌合抗体保留了亲本抗体WuTac的抗原结合力。结论:成功构建了抗人CD25嵌合抗体基因,为其进一步研究打下基础。     

Soluble CD40 ligand induces expression of CD25 and CD23 in resting human tonsillar B lymphocytes

In this report, we describe the dose-dependent increase in both CD25 and CD23 levels on resting human B cells in response to CD40 ligation, as mediated by soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) or anti-CD40 antibody. In combination with interleukin (IL)-4, sCD40L had limited additive effects on CD25 expression, but significantly enhanced CD23 expression on tonsillar B cells. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) exerted no inhibitory effect upon increases in CD25 or CD23 driven by CD40 ligation with sCD40L or anti-CD40 antibody. These data suggest that the induction of CD25 and CD23 genes by IL-4 is mediated, at least in part, by an IFN-γ-sensitive component, whereas gene activation driven via CD40 ligation involves signaling pathways which are not sensitive to IFN-γ.     

CD80鼠-人嵌合抗体的CHO细胞表达及体外生物学功能的初步研究

目的:CHO细胞表达抗人CD80鼠-人嵌合抗体ch4E5,并研究其在体外阻断CD80介导的共刺激信号转导的生物学功能.方法:构建含有嵌合重、轻链基因的表达载体pIRES/ch4E5;表达载体先转染293T细胞,FCM检测到ch4E5抗体的瞬时表达后,表达载体再转染CHO细胞,构建稳定表达细胞株CHO-ch4E5;Protein G亲和层析法从CHO-ch4E5细胞无血清培养上清中纯化ch4E5抗体,FCM检测ch4E5抗体对膜型CD80的识别;以丝裂霉素处理的正常人外周血单核细胞PBMCs为刺激细胞,以异体正常人外周血淋巴细胞PBLs为反应细胞,用MTT法分析ch4E5抗体的阻断作用.结果:ch4E5抗体在293T细胞的瞬时表达于48小时达到高峰,上清与L929-B7-1细胞结合率为96.0%;CHO-ch4E5细胞持续表达ch4E5抗体,其培养上清与L929-B7-1细胞结合率为95.7%;3天培养上清中,ch4E5抗体的产率约为5.56 mg/L;ch4E5抗体和L929-B7-1、Daudi、Sub-T细胞结合率分别为94.1%、25.7%、23.5%;ch4E5抗体可以阻断CD80介导的共刺激信号转导,抑制异体PBLs的体外增殖.结论:在CHO细胞中成功表达了抗人CD80鼠-人嵌合抗体ch4E5,在体外该嵌合抗体具有亲本抗体阻断CD80介导的共刺激信号的生物学活性.     

A novel blocking monoclonal antibody recognizing a distinct epitope of human CD40 molecule

CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an important costimulatory molecule during the immune response. Here, we report a blocking mouse antihuman CD40 monoclonal antibody, mAb 3G3, of which the specificity was verified by flow cytometry and Western blot. It was shown by competition test that 3G3 bound to a different site (epitope) of CD40 from the reported CD40 mAbs, including clone mAb89, 3B2, and 5C11. It was also found that mAb 3G3 could inhibit homotypic aggregation of Daudi cells induced by the agonistic anti-CD40 mAb 5C11. Furthermore, mAb 3G3 effectively inhibited the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in mixed lymphocyte reaction assay. Finally, a sensitive and specific soluble CD40 (sCD40) ELISA kit was established by matching mAb 3G3 with 5C11, and it was found that the levels of sCD40 in sera from patients with immune disorders such as hyperthyroidism, chronic nephritis, and rheumatoid arthritis were obviously higher than those from normal individuals. Thus, this blocking anti-CD40 mAb provides a novel tool for the study of CD40.     

一株识别肿瘤细胞上CD40突变体分子的单克隆抗体的研制及其生物学功能研究

目的:以本科室发现肿瘤细胞上表达的CD40 787AA突变为基础,研制识别肿瘤细胞上CD40突变体分子的单克隆抗体(mAb),并对其生物学特性作初步分析.方法:以转人CD40突变体转基因细胞L929-CD40mu为免疫原,免疫6～8周龄的雌性BALB/c小鼠;采用B淋巴细胞融合技术,将免疫小鼠脾脏细胞与Sp2/0融合,以L929-CD40mu转基因细胞为抗体筛选阳性细胞,免疫荧光标记法对杂交瘤进行反复筛选和多次的克隆化培养;采用快速定性试纸法及竞争抑制结合试验分析该mAb的亚类及抗原识别位点;免疫印迹法对该mAb进行鉴定;采用MTT法分析mAb在体外对肿瘤细胞的抑制增殖效应以及PI-annexin V方法进行细胞凋亡测定.结果:获得1株稳定分泌鼠抗人CD40mu mAb的杂交瘤细胞株(命名为10C5),该mAb能特异性地识别人肿瘤细胞株H08910表达的CD40突变体分子,而不识别正常扁桃体B淋巴细胞及血管内皮细胞表达的CD40分子,并且能够在体外促进肿瘤细胞凋亡.结论:成功地研制出1株特异性识别肿瘤细胞上CD40突变体分子的mAb,该mAb具有体外抑制肿瘤细胞生长并促进其凋亡的作用.     

The human antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides is dependent on the CD40-CD40 ligand interaction

Protection against infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae is mediated by antibodies against the capsular polysaccharides (caps-PS). Here we show that in in vitro experiments CD4+ T lymphocytes stimulate and CD8+ T lymphocytes inhibit the human anti-caps-PS antibody response. Using antagonistic anti-CD40 and antagonistic anti-CD40 ligand (CD40L) monoclonal antibodies, we showed that the CD4+ T lymphocyte-mediated stimulation is dependent on the CD40-CD40L interaction. The role of CD40L was further illustrated by the observation that CD4+ T lymphocytes obtained from a patient with hyper-IgM syndrome were unable to enhance the immune response to caps-PS. Furthermore, CD4+ T lymphocytes from cord blood, which did not express CD40L in response to stimulation with caps-PS, failed to stimulate the antibody response of adult B lymphocytes to caps-PS. These in vitro findings were confirmed by in vivo experiments in which SCID/SCID mice were reconstituted with human mononuclear cells. Furthermore, we showed that caps-PS induce production of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-gamma, and that this enhanced production was inhibited by blocking the CD40-CD40L interaction. This is the first demonstration that the human immune response to caps-PS, which is markedly regulated by T lymphocytes, is dependent on the CD40-CD40L interaction.     

CD40-CD40L共同表达于人内皮细胞及人动脉粥样斑块中

目的:探讨CD40和CD40L在人脐静脉内皮细胞及动脉粥样硬化斑块中是否可共同表达。方法:CD40及CD40L在内皮细胞表面的表达分别采用荧光技术、RT-PCR、流式细胞仪和Western blotting检测。人的动脉粥样硬化斑块中CD40及CD40L的表达采用免疫组化方法。结果:人内皮细胞能连续表达CD40及CD40LmRNA和蛋白, 并且细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、INF-γ能明显刺激内皮细胞表达CD40、CD40L。人动脉粥样斑块中能共同表达CD40及CD40L, 而动脉壁的其它部分不表达。CD40L主要表达在斑块的肩部和底部, CD40在斑块中表达广泛。结论:人内皮细胞表面及粥样斑块中能共同高表达CD40和CD40L, 提示CD40及CD40L相互作用在动脉粥样硬化形成及发展中起重要作用。     

Epitope‐dependent synergism and antagonism between CD40 antibodies and soluble CD40 ligand for the regulation of CD23 expression and IgE synthesis in human B cells

BACKGROUND: The induction of IgE synthesis in naive B cells requires two T-cell-derived signals: one delivered through CD40 and the other via interleukin-4 (IL-4). The natural counterstructure to CD40 is the CD40 ligand (CD40L). We have asked about the interplay between CD40L and CD40 mAb that recognize distinct epitopes in delivering signals for regulating IL-4-dependent IgE synthesis and the expression of CD23, the low-affinity IgE receptor, in resting B cells. METHODS: After culture of purified human tonsillar B cells with CD40 agonists and IL-4, surface CD23 was determined by flow cytometric analysis. CD23 levels in cell lysates and supernatants were quantified by ELISA, as were those of secreted IgE. RESULTS: With regard to both induction of CD23 and IgE production, soluble CD40L trimer (sCD40LT) showed synergistic interaction with two mAb to CD40 which bind to epitopes located outside the ligand binding site (EA5 and 5C3), but not with a mAb (G28-5) which effectively competes for CD40L binding to CD40. Each of the two noncompeting mAb to CD40 was able to cooperate strongly with sCD40LT in promoting high-level induction of CD23 even in the absence of IL-4, an effect mirrored in the promotion of strong homotypic clustering and high-rate DNA synthesis. G28-5, uniquely, induced a down-regulation in IL-4-induced CD23 expression with time, a change that was accompanied by an increase in the amount of soluble CD23 detected. While the two noncompeting mAb consistently synergized with sCD40LT for the promotion of IL-4-dependent IgE synthesis, sCD40LT and G28-5 (which, by itself, was the most potent of the CD40 mAb at inducing IL-4-dependent IgE production) exhibited mutual antagonism in this regard, the level of which could be quite profound. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that appropriate targeting of CD40 can modulate IgE synthesis either positively or negatively.