促红细胞生成素(Epo)及其受体(EpoR)在正常及碱烧伤诱导的鼠新生血管化角膜上的表达

目的:促红细胞生成素(Epo)是促红细胞生成的因子,由胎儿肝脏和成人肾脏产生,是贫血及缺氧时的一种应答反应。视网膜异常血管形成,如早产儿视网膜病变(ROP),增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变(PDR)时Epo水平增高,提示Epo在病理性眼部血管生成中的作用。Epo参与视网膜血管生成,但其与角膜新生血管是否有关尚未见报道。本研究旨在探讨Epo/EpoR是否在正常和新生血管化角膜表达及角膜内注射Epo是否可诱发角膜新生血管的产生,从而了解其与角膜新生血管的联系。方法:(1)制备碱烧伤诱导鼠角膜新生血管模型,免疫组织化学的方法检测Epo及EpoR是否在正常角膜及新生血管化角膜表达;(2) Epo的克隆、表达及纯化;(3)角膜基质内分别注射Epo(6μL,1μg)及Epo对照(载体对照)及盐水,第14d观察角膜是否有新生血管产生。结果:Epo及EpoR在正常角膜及碱诱发的新生血管化角膜的角膜上皮细胞,角膜内皮细胞,基质细胞均有表达,并在新生血管化角膜表达加强,同时也在基质内炎症细胞及新生血管均有表达。角膜基质内注射Epo后第14d,6眼中5眼产生新生血管,对照组6眼均未见新生血管。结论:本文首次报道了Epo及其受体表达于正常角膜和新生血管化角膜。角膜内注射注射Epo可诱发角膜新生血管。Epo及其受体系统与角膜新生血管化的形成有关。     

Nanoparticles sustain expression of Flt intraceptors in the cornea and inhibit injury-induced corneal angiogenesis

PURPOSE: To determine whether long-term expression of intraceptors can be achieved using plasmid albumin nanoparticles and whether nanoparticles can inhibit and cause regression of murine corneal neovascularization induced by mechanical-chemical trauma. METHODS: Albumin nanoparticles encapsulating pCMV.Flt23K were developed as a lyophilized product that is easily redispersed in an aqueous medium. Nanoparticles were injected into the corneas of uninjured BALB/c mice and observed for toxicity for 3 weeks. Entry of nanoparticles into corneal cells was demonstrated through transmission electron microscopy and confocal imaging. Naked pCMV.Flt23K, nanoparticles encapsulating pCMV.Flt23K, or empty pCMV nanoparticles were injected into uninjured mouse corneas. These corneas were subjected to mechanical alkali trauma 3 weeks after injection. RESULTS: Nanoparticles were nontoxic to the cornea and entered into corneal keratocyte cytoplasm. They persisted for at least 4 weeks in the cornea, expressed effective intraceptor levels for at least 5 weeks, and reduced corneal neovascularization by approximately 40% (P = 0.035) at 5 weeks after administration. CONCLUSIONS: Albumin nanoparticles are not toxic to the cornea and can express intraceptors for extended periods that are effective in suppressing injury-induced corneal neovascularization.     

Expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4 in normal human corneal cells and experimental corneal neovascularization

PURPOSE: To study the expression of TIMP-4 in cultured corneal cells and in corneal neovascularization. METHODS: Human limbo-corneal epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells were cultured in serum-free, PMA- or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-treated condition. Neovascularization in rat cornea was induced by suturing. The expression of TIMP-4 was examined by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-PCR. RESULTS: TIMP-4 was constitutively expressed in cultured human corneal cells. The expression was only mildly enhanced after mitogen treatment. TIMP-4 immunoreactivity was predominantly expressed in normal rat corneal epithelium, and also in ingrowing blood vessels following suturing, which persisted up to day 28. Increased staining in corneal epithelium and blood vessels were also noted in vascularized human corneas. CONCLUSIONS: TIMP-4 is expressed in the cornea, which may play a role in modulating extracellular matrix remodeling associated with corneal wound healing and angiogenesis.     

Plasminogen kringle 5 inhibits alkali-burn-induced corneal neovascularization

PURPOSE: Plasminogen kringle 5 (K5) is a potent angiogenic inhibitor. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of K5 on alkali-burn-induced corneal neovascularization (NV) and to investigate its mechanism of action. METHODS: Corneal NV was induced in rabbits by NaOH. The rabbits received eye drops containing K5 or vehicle alone, four times per day. Corneal NV and inflammation were monitored every other day with a slit lamp microscope, and the length of the vessels in the cornea and the area of NV were measured. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was determined by immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses. The TUNEL assay was used to assess the apoptosis of endothelial cells. The effects of K5 on primary bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were determined by MTT assay, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, and DNA fragmentation assay. RESULTS: Alkali-burn-induced progressive corneal NV and inflammation in the cornea. K5 delayed the onset of corneal NV (P < 0.05) and decreased NV areas (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. K5 treatment, after the formation of corneal NV, induced regression of newly formatted vessels in the cornea. K5 decreased the inflammatory index in the corneas at different time points after the alkali burn. Corneal VEGF levels were reduced by K5 treatment. K5 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in BAECs. CONCLUSIONS: Topical application of K5 may have therapeutic potential for the chemical burn-induced corneal NV and inflammation. The inhibitory effect of K5 on corneal NV may be by downregulation of VEGF expression.     

The inflammatory milieu associated with conjunctivalized cornea and its alteration with IL-1 RA gene therapy

PURPOSE: This study was designed to gain an insight into the inflammatory milieu into which a donor limbal graft is routinely introduced. The objective of this study was to modulate this environment by gene therapy with the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 RA). METHODS: In a mouse model, the ocular surface cytokine environment associated with a conjunctivalized cornea was assessed 4 weeks after injury. Total corneal epithelial and limbal debridement was performed with a combination of alkali and scrape injury. The cytokines and adhesion molecules measured included IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, VEGF, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, by real-time PCR or ELISA. Injured corneas were transfected with IL-1 RA by injection of naked plasmid vector pIRES-EGFP-IL-1 RA immediately after injury. Corneas transfected with pIRES-EGFP served as the control. Expression of corneal IL-1 RA after transfection with pIRES-EGFP-IL1-RA was assessed over a 2-week period by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, limbal stem cell grafts transfected with IL-1 RA were assessed for leukocyte influx. RESULTS: Conjunctivalized corneas showed increased expression of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1 RA, IL-6, VEGF, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, compared with normal cornea. Transfection-efficiency experiments indicated that corneal expression of IL-1 RA peaked between 12 and 24 hours and lasted up to 2 weeks after the initial transfection. IL-1 RA corneal gene therapy resulted in a downregulation of IL-1beta and VCAM-1 expression at 4 weeks after injury, whereas downregulation of IL-6 was evident only at 1 week after injury. Corneal neovascularization was also reduced. In addition, corneal limbal stem cell grafts transfected with IL-1 RA showed a decreased leukocyte influx compared with control grafts. CONCLUSIONS: Transfection of a cornea with IL-1 RA immediately after epithelial injury selectively altered the cytokine profile of the resultant conjunctivalized cornea and suppressed corneal neovascularization. Transfection of corneal limbal donor tissue with IL-1 RA before engraftment can reduce leukocyte influx into the graft. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of using transient cytokine gene expression, either in donor or recipient corneal tissue, to alter the ocular surface environment beneficially.     

重组人内皮抑素抑制角膜新生血管的实验研究

目的研究重组人内皮抑素（rHES）对碱烧伤诱导大鼠角膜新生血管（CNV）的抑制效应。方法60只Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组、阳性对照组、rHES组3组,每组各20只。阳性对照组右眼角膜碱烧伤后不治疗;rHES组右眼角膜碱烧伤后立即100mg／mL rHES点眼,每日3次;20只正常鼠不做任何干预处理作为正常组。观察碱烧伤后1、4、7、10、14d各组角膜情况及CNV的生长面积。碱烧伤后第16天处死动物,取角膜行组织病理学检查。免疫组织化学、PCR检测血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）蛋白量和mRNA在角膜组织的表达,透射电镜下检查碱烧伤后角膜组织的超微结构变化。结果rHES组角膜在碱烧伤后各时间点新生血管面积均小于阳性对照组（t4d=3．294,P=0．040;t7d=5．391,P=0．000;t10d=6．560,P=0．000;t14d=10．346,P=0．000）。角膜碱烧伤后第16天各组VEGF蛋白表达量的差异有统计学意义（F=337．62,P=0．00）,各组VEGF mRNA表达量的差异有统计学意义（F=114．43,P=0．00）。透射电镜检查显示正常组结构正常,rHES组较阳性对照组角膜结构变化小。PCR结果发现rHES组VEGF mRNA的相对表达量低于阳性对照组,但高于正常组。结论rHES用于眼表可有效抑制碱烧伤诱导的CNV。     

Dehydrated form of plasmid expressing basic fibroblast growth factor-polyethylenimine complex is a novel and accurate method for gene transfer to the cornea

PURPOSE: We describe a novel vector system of nonviral gene transfer into the cornea using a dehydrated form of a plasmid expressing basic fibroblast growth factor-polyethylenimine (p-bFGF-PEI) complex to induce angiogenesis. METHODS: Corneal neovascularization was evaluated in 48 eyes of Sprague-Dawley rats after implantation of a dehydrated form of PEI containing 1 microg green fluorescent protein (p-GFP-PEI; control group), or 10 microg, 1 microg, or 0.1 microg of p-bFGF-PEI introduced by spin vacuum at ambient temperature. Neovascularization was observed and quantified from day 1 to day 45. Eighteen kDa bFGF protein expression was analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Limbal vessels began to sprout on day 3 in the p-bFGF-PEI groups. The dehydrated form of the p-bFGF-PEI complex induced dose-dependent corneal neovascularization, which reached a maximum on days 24-30 in the 10 microg bFGF group, days 18-24 in the 1 microg bFGF group, and days 15-21 in 0.1 microg bFGF group, and then regressed progressively. No neovascularization was observed in the GFP group. CONCLUSIONS: The dehydrated form of the p-bFGF-PEI complex is a novel and precise method for controlling the dose, localizing the reagents, and avoiding loss of liquid form during transfection into corneal tissue.     

Potential anti-angiogenic role of Slit2 in corneal neovascularization

Slits are large secreted proteins critical for axon guidance and neuronal precursor cell migration in nervous system. Evidence suggests that classical neuronal guidance cues also regulate vascular development. Our objective was to investigate whether neuronal guidance cue Slit2 and Roundabout (Robo) receptors are involved in corneal neovascularization (NV). Corneal NV model in rats was induced by implantation of agarose-coated gelfoam pellets containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) into corneal stroma. Differential expression of Slit2 and Robo1-4 between normal and neovascularized cornea was detected by real-time RT-PCR and visualized by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were harvested and their expression of Robo1–4 was detected by RT-PCR. Recombinant human Slit2 protein was prepared and the effect of it on the migration of vascular endothelial cells was examined using cell migration assay. Agarose-coated gelfoam pellets were able to induce well-localized and reproducible corneal NV model. A significant down-regulation of Slit2 and a strong up-regulation of Robo1 and Robo4 were seen in neovascularized cornea when compared with normal cornea (P < 0.05). Slit2, Robo1 and Robo4 were throughout the epithelium in normal cornea and markedly weak or absent in epithelium in neovascularized cornea, with Robo1 and Robo4 being prominent in vascular endothelial cells invading the stroma. Primary HUVECs were confirmed to express both Robo1 and Robo4 receptors and their migration was inhibited by Slit2 (P < 0.05). This is the first study to assess the association between Slit2 and corneal NV. Our findings suggest that the interaction of Slit2 with Robo1 and Robo4 receptors plays an essential role in inhibiting pathological neovascular processes of the cornea and may represent a new therapeutic target for corneal NV.     

大鼠角膜新生血管生长与其周围基质内相关生物因子表达关系的研究

目的 探讨角膜新生血管周围间质相关生物因子与新生血管生长之间的关系.方法 实验研究.40只Wister大鼠采用NaOH滤纸烧灼法制作碱烧伤角膜新生血管模型.术后1、3及7 d,免疫荧光法检测角膜新生血管周围角膜基质间质相关生物因子包括转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、成纤维细胞激活蛋白(FAP),并观察它们与新生血管之间的关系,以血小板内皮细胞黏附因子(CD31)标记血管内皮细胞.采用RT-PCR方法 检测术后3、7 d的FAP在角膜中不同位置的表达.苦味酸天狼猩红-偏振光法检测术后7 d角膜基质中主要胶原Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原的改变.结果 碱烧伤后1、3及7 d角膜冰冻切片免疫荧光单染与双染显示,角膜基质首先出现TGF-β1阳性表达,然后随着新生血管的形成出现α-SMA、FAP同时阳性的细胞,正常角膜组织内无阳性表达.FAP阳性基质细胞位于CD31阳性的血管内皮细胞周围,与血管内皮细胞伴行生长,两者无明显的先后顺序.RT-PCR结果 显示,新生血管生长到达的位置出现FAP阳性表达.角膜新生血管生长后基质中Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原重新排列.结论 角膜新生血管形成时,血管周围基质相关生物因子发生了改变,出现了FAP阳性的基质细胞,此细胞包绕并伴随血管内皮细胞生长;角膜基质中Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原蕈新排列以适应新生血管的生长.(中华眼科杂志,2009,45:158-163)     

大鼠角膜化学伤后PEDF和VEGF的不平衡表达

目的比较硝酸银化学伤后大鼠角膜和正常角膜色素上皮衍生因子（PEDF）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达水平，揭示两者与角膜新生血管的相关性。方法10只大鼠左眼角膜硝酸银化学伤后为实验组，右眼为正常对照组，伤后15d行免疫组织化学法定位及Western blot定量检测样本角膜PEDF、VEGF等的表达。结果免疫组织化学检查：实验组角膜VEGF、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）强表达，PEDF未见表达或弱表达。正常组角膜PEDF高表达，VEGF弱表达，bFGF几乎不表达。Western Blot分析：实验组角膜PEDF表达明显下降（t=8．0049，P〈0．01），VEGF表达显著升高（t=48．3637，P〈0．01）。结论角膜严重化学伤后新生血管抑制因子PEDF破坏，刺激因子VEGF产生增加，PEDF／VEGF比值降低，角膜血管新生。     

Rapid ocular angiogenic control via naked DNA delivery to cornea

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy and safety of naked plasmid gene therapy to the corneal stroma and epithelium. METHODS: Naked plasmid DNA was injected under pressure into the cornea of mice. The expression of genes coding for beta galactosidase (beta-gal), enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and soluble Flt-1 (s-Flt) was recorded and measured with regard to dose, time course, and bioactivity. RESULTS: LacZ gene expression of the protein beta-gal was demonstrated as early as 1 hour, with expression persisting for 10 days. Plasmid-injected corneas remained clear and free of inflammation. EGFP was bicistronically expressed with VEGF to demonstrate the practicality of simultaneous in vivo analysis of gene expression and growth factor bioactivity. Corneal injection of a plasmid containing VEGF cDNA induced corneal and anterior chamber neovascularization. Moreover, corneal injection of plasmid containing the cDNA for the soluble form of the VEGF receptor Flt-1 effectively prevented corneal neovascularization. CONCLUSIONS: The cornea is readily accessible for gene therapy in the laboratory and in the clinic. The method described is safe, effective, titratable, and easily monitored. Naked DNA delivery to the cornea has the potential to alter the treatment of a wide variety of corneal and anterior segment diseases.     

Unique homologous siRNA blocks hypoxia-induced VEGF upregulation in human corneal cells and inhibits and regresses murine corneal neovascularization

PURPOSE: To determine whether RNA interference (RNAi) could block hypoxia-induced upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human corneal epithelial cells in vitro and inhibit and regress injury-induced murine corneal neovascularization in vivo. METHODS: siRNA selected on the basis of target sequence homology between mouse and human VEGF was placed into expression cassettes and transfected into human corneal epithelial cells. Hypoxia-induced VEGF synthesis was assayed. Also, the effect of a plasmid capable of directing the expression of an siRNA against VEGF when injected into mouse corneas 8 hours before alkali-mechanical trauma was studied. Leukocyte count, VEGF protein levels, and degree of neovascularization in corneas were compared with that of a control siRNA plasmid. Plasmids were injected 1 week after injury to assess the ability of RNAi to regress corneal neovascularization. RESULTS: Hypoxia-induced VEGF mRNA synthesis and protein secretion by human corneal epithelial cells was efficiently suppressed by an siRNA targeted against a sequence uniquely identical for the mouse and human VEGF genes. Intrastromal delivery of a plasmid expressing this siRNA before murine corneal injury suppressed corneal VEGF by 55.7% versus control (P = 0.014), leukocyte infiltration by 69.5% (P < 0.001), and neovascularization 1 week after injury by 72.3% (P = 0.001). At the regression time point, treated corneas had 72.8% less neovascularization (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: RNAi significantly suppresses expression of VEGF induced by hypoxia in human corneal epithelial cells in vitro. In vivo, intrastromal delivery of a plasmid expressing siRNA against VEGF suppresses injury-induced VEGF expression, leukocyte infiltration, and angiogenesis and was able to regress corneal neovascularization.     

水通道蛋白1在大鼠角膜碱烧伤新生血管形成中的表达

目的检测大鼠角膜碱烧伤后新生血管形成过程中水通道蛋白1（AQP1）的表达变化,探讨其在角膜新生血管（CNV）形成中的作用。方法碱烧伤诱导CNV模型,将25只sD大鼠按处死的时间点不同分成5组,每组5只。每日裂隙灯下观察CNV的生长情况,并采用免疫组织化学法和RT-PCR法检测AQP1及VEGF在大鼠CNV形成中的表达。结果在正常大鼠角膜组织中,AQP1和VEGF不表达或弱表达。碱烧伤后1d,AQP1表达开始增强,第7天表达最强,14d下降,21d时仍有弱表达。RT—PCR检测显示碱烧伤后AQP1表达增强,在伤后第7天表达最明显,21d后呈弱表达（t1d=3．491,t4d=10．690,t7d=12．936,t14d=10．767,t21d=8．594,P〈0．05）。免疫组织化学检测结果表明,VEGF与AQP1的表达分布相似,强度较弱,统计学分析表明二者的表达水平呈正相关（r=0．834,P〈0．05）。结论AQP1在碱烧伤后角膜巾的表达水平与新生血管的形成明显相关。     

缺氧诱导因子1α在碱烧伤后兔角膜新生血管形成中的作用

目的 观察碱烧伤后兔角膜新生血管形成的不同时期缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)在角膜内的表达,探讨HIF-1α对角膜新生血管形成的影响.方法 实验研究.取30只健康家兔,采用随机数字表法分成5组,每组各6只兔,右眼采用1 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液建立角膜碱烧伤模型,左眼作为自身对照.分别于碱烧伤前和碱烧伤后1、3、5、7、14 d,在裂隙灯显微镜下观察家兔角膜新生血管增生情况,HE染色观察角膜组织病理学特征,并采用免疫组织化学法检验角膜组织中HIF-1α的表达,计算炎性细胞(多形核白细胞和淋巴细胞)和HIF-1α阳性细胞核数,对其结果行单因素方差分析及相关分析.结果 角膜碱烧伤后,HIF-1α主要表达在角膜基质中的炎性细胞、血管内皮细胞的细胞核中.随着时间的增加,炎性细胞表达增强,HIF-1α表达量也相应增加,并于碱烧伤后5 d达到高峰,以后逐渐减少.碱烧伤后1、3、5、7、14 d,角膜组织中炎性细胞和HIF-1α表达水平的差异均有统计学意义(F=422.086,437.555;P均＜0.05),且HIF-1α的表达与新生血管的形成在时空上一致.经相关分析,角膜中炎性细胞和HIF-1α阳性细胞表达呈正相关(r=0.860,P＜0.05).结论 碱烧伤后炎症反应能诱导HIF-1α的表达,而HIF-1α能促进角膜新生血管的形成.     

SPARC基因在角膜碱烧伤中的表达

目的　动态检测酸性富含胱氨酸分泌型蛋白 (SPA RC)在角膜碱烧伤中的表达 ,为探讨 SPA RC基因在角膜创伤中的作用提供依据。方法　首先建立角膜碱烧伤模型 ,并设角膜物理损伤组为对照组 ,在不同时间段提取各组角膜上皮细胞总RN A。用基因引物进行逆转录 -聚合酶链反应 (RT - PCR )扩增 ,半定量 SPA RC m RN A的表达水平。然后对 PCR扩增结果用限制性内切酶酶切验证。在取角膜上皮之前 ,对受试动物进行裂隙灯检查 ,以判断角膜碱烧伤程度与基因表达的关系。结果　(1)正常角膜上皮细胞可见 SPA RC基因的低表达 ;(2 ) SPA RC在角膜碱烧伤及物理损伤后均见较高水平表达 ,且与正常细胞表达相比较有显著的统计学差异 (P<0 .0 5) ;角膜创伤越严重 ,基因表达水平越高 ;(3 )所检测基因表达结果与显微镜观察角膜水肿、混浊、角膜新生血管等损伤结果呈同步趋势。结论　 SPARC在角膜碱烧伤和创伤过程中具有高水平表达。是角膜创伤修复过程中的重要因素。     

角膜碱烧伤后VEGF的表达与新生血管的关系

目的研究碱烧伤后角膜血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growthfactor，VEGF）的表达与角膜新生血管化的关系。方法30只Sprague-Dawleg（SD）大鼠碱烧伤，诱导角膜新生血管模型。碱烧伤后不同时间形态学分析来评价角膜新生血管的情况，免疫组化及Westem blot评价角膜VEGF的表达。结果角膜碱烧伤后24hVEGF的表达开始增高，伤后4d达高峰，伤后7d VEGF的表达下降，14d后显著下降。碱烧伤后，角膜新生血管与VEGF的表达呈明显的平行关系。结论碱烧伤后大鼠角膜VEGF的表达水平与新生血管的形成有相关性，并在其中发挥重要作用。     

缺氧诱导因子1α在碱烧伤后兔角膜新生血管形成中的作用

目的 观察碱烧伤后兔角膜新生血管形成的不同时期缺氧诱导因子1α（HIF-1α）在角膜内的表达,探讨HIF-1α对角膜新生血管形成的影响.方法 实验研究.取30只健康家兔,采用随机数字表法分成5组,每组各6只兔,右眼采用1 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液建立角膜碱烧伤模型,左眼作为自身对照.分别于碱烧伤前和碱烧伤后1、3、5、7、14 d,在裂隙灯显微镜下观察家兔角膜新生血管增生情况,HE染色观察角膜组织病理学特征,并采用免疫组织化学法检验角膜组织中HIF-1α的表达,计算炎性细胞（多形核白细胞和淋巴细胞）和HIF-1α阳性细胞核数,对其结果行单因素方差分析及相关分析.结果 角膜碱烧伤后,HIF-1α主要表达在角膜基质中的炎性细胞、血管内皮细胞的细胞核中.随着时间的增加,炎性细胞表达增强,HIF-1α表达量也相应增加,并于碱烧伤后5 d达到高峰,以后逐渐减少.碱烧伤后1、3、5、7、14 d,角膜组织中炎性细胞和HIF-1α表达水平的差异均有统计学意义（F=422.086,437.555;P均＜0.05）,且HIF-1α的表达与新生血管的形成在时空上一致.经相关分析,角膜中炎性细胞和HIF-1α阳性细胞表达呈正相关（r=0.860,P＜0.05）.结论 碱烧伤后炎症反应能诱导HIF-1α的表达,而HIF-1α能促进角膜新生血管的形成.     

Bevacizumab inhibits corneal neovascularization in an alkali burn induced model of corneal angiogenesis

BACKGROUND: New and uncontrolled blood vessel development in the cornea is a pivotal process in the pathogenesis of several corneal diseases. These corneal diseases may finally cause blindness and managing them therapeutically is problematic. The data supporting a causal role for vascular endothelial growth factor in corneal neovascularization are extensive. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of subconjunctival bevacizumab (Avastin) on experimental corneal neovascularization in rabbits. METHODS: Chemical cauterization of the cornea was performed by touching central cornea with a 5-mm-diameter NaOH-soaked cotton applicator for 10 s in 20 eyes of 20 White New Zealand rabbits. The rabbits were then divided randomly into two equal groups. Bevacizumab (2.5 mg) was administered to 10 eyes (group 1) by a subconjunctival injection immediately after chemical cauterization of corneal surface. As a control, 10 eyes (group 2) received an injection of distilled water. Rabbits were examined daily for detection of the first signs of neovascularization. Three weeks later, the extent of corneal neovascularization was evaluated by direct examination and photograph analyses. Total corneal neovascularization area, degree of circumference involved and longest neovascular pedicle length were assessed. RESULTS: Bevacizumab significantly decreased the total neovascularization area (P < 0.009), the circumference involved (P < 0.011) and the longest neovascular pedicle length (P < 0.023). CONCLUSION: Local injection of bevacizumab has a significant effect on inhibition of alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization. This shows the potential value of bevacizumab in the treatment of corneal neovascularization.