南京市65个乡镇合作医疗运作情况分析

南京市共辖10区5县,540万人口,其中5县4郊共有118个乡镇,1580个行政村,244万农业人口。农村合作医疗始于60年代中期,与其他地区一样也经历过兴衰起落的过程。1999年上半年,我们对南京市的部分乡镇合作医疗运作情况进行了调查。1　调查对象南京市所辖5县4郊中,实施乡办乡管...     

从南京市的实践看合作医疗的发展

南京市地处长江下游,横跨长江两岸,辖11区4县,其中5郊区4县共有6398km~2,农村居民230多万人,2000年农民人均收入4061.7元。撤乡并镇后辖67个乡镇和12个郊区街道办事处,1364个行政村。1 南京市合作医疗的实践过程农村初保工作开展以来,南京市坚持推行和完善合作医疗制度,其发展过程可以分为3个阶段:1991—1995年为恢     

南京市农村初保工作的现状与思考

南京市地处长江下游 ,横跨长江两岸 ,辖 10区 5县 ,共有 540万人口。其中 4郊 5县共有农村居民 2 2 0多万人 ,2 0 0 0年前辖 118个乡镇 ,撤乡并镇后为 6 7个乡镇和 12个郊区街道办事处。近年来南京市农村初保工作取得了显著进展 :1997年所有郊区县都通过《初级卫生保健合格县 (区 )》的省级审评 ;初保合格乡镇工作全面推开 ,至 2 0 0 0年初已占乡镇总数的 6 7% ;合作医疗得到恢复和发展 ,行政村覆盖率保持在 80 %左右 ;农村防保、医疗、健康教育等工作都得到进一步提高。然而 ,2 0 0 0年农村初保工作面临前所未有的新形势 ,一是农村实施了大…     

南京市合作医疗计算机网络信息管理系统的开发管理

南京市农村初级卫生保健办公室组织开发的“南京市合作医疗计算机网络信息管理系统”于1999年3月正式立项,经过一年的工作,该系统基本开发完成并投入使用。现就在本项目开发中,如何强化开发管理作一探讨。1　背景与调研1.1　现状与分析南京市农村合作医疗的实施区域为南京市所属的5县和4个郊区,1999年共有118个乡镇,1545个行政村,约240万农村居民。每年参加合作医疗的农村居民约100万人,个人筹资、集体投入和政府引导的资金总额每年近2000余万元。平均每年就诊人次约140万人次。长期以来,合作医疗管理形式基本以手工操作为主。其日常业务流…     

江西省宜丰县推行合作医疗的基本做法

江西省宜丰县是个26万人口的山区小县，其中农业人口1744万，全县辖16个乡镇、203个行政村。今年以来，该县把加快农村卫生体制改革、建立和发展农村合作医疗保健制度，作为农民保健康、农村奔小康的一项“民心工程”来实施，使合作医疗制度在全县农村全面推行。到10月底止，全县已有165个村推行了合作医疗制度，参加合作医疗的人数达15．6万，分别占应推行的村数和人口数的81．28％和89．45％。有8个乡镇推行面达到100％。l以点带面，精心组织宜丰县针对近年来一些偏僻山区农民看病难和因病致贫、因病返贫的现象，认识到农村的医疗保障制度…     

合作医疗给乡镇卫生院带来活力

开封县共辖20个乡镇(场),359个行政村,总人口 67万人,其中农业人口63万。全县共有医疗卫生单位26个,其中19个乡镇卫生院。从1994年初开始探索新形势下改革和发展农村合作医疗保健制度的新路子,到1995年7月底,全县20个乡镇全部恢复建立了不同形式的农村合作医疗保健制度。实施合作医疗保健制度的行政村达355个,占行政村总数的98.8％;参加合作医疗的农民达59万多人,占农村人口总     

烟台市农村合作医疗模式及做法

烟台市地处胶东半岛中部,辖2区,5市,4县,198处乡镇(以下统称乡),6589个行政村,农业人口474.79万,占全市总人口的84%。农民人均收入908元。农村合作医疗起始于50年代末,至今坚持了30多年,经受过几次挫折,总结了经验教训,走出了一条在新形势下发展农村合作医疗的新路子。目前,全市3861个行政     

宜黄县重振合作医疗的思考

我省宜黄县有16个乡镇,151个行政村,人口20万,其中农业人口近17万,1996年农民人均纯收入1400多元,是个交通不便利经济欠发达的山区小县。七十年代该县合作医疗“一片红”,由于种种原因,从八十年代初开始相继垮台。 1994年,宜黄县被世界卫生组织和卫生部列为“中国农村合作医疗保健制度改革研究”试点县,从1995年1月起,在城南、二都、黄陂3个乡镇的9个行政村进行了合作医疗     

推行农村合作医疗成效分析

淮阴县地处淮北平原,人口78万余人,1996年全县农民人均纯收入2183元,属经济欠发达地区。1997年初在县政府的大力支持下,确定4个试点乡镇,推行不同形式的合作医疗,其中3个乡镇顺利启动,王营、丁集两乡镇正常运行,既有成功经验,也存在需要总结完善的地方,值得深思。1 合作医疗模式成功运行的主要有丁集、王营两乡镇推行的农村“福利风险型合作医疗”,和王营镇城区“企业职工合作医疗”1·1 农村“福利风险型合作医疗” 这一模式,既可以考虑到受益面,提高参加者的积极性,又具有抗大病     

适应市场经济需要 建立农村医疗保障制度

河南省林州市主动适应社会主义市场经济需要,从农民的医疗需求出发,在中断13年之后,利用不到1年的时间,在全市17个乡镇迅速恢复和开展合作医疗,建立农村医疗保障制度,深受农民欢迎,收到良好效果。 一、恢复和发展农村合作医疗保障制度的具体做法 河南省林州市(原林县,1994年撤县建市),地处晋、冀、豫三省交界处的太行山区,人口 98万,该市合作医疗保障制     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.