不同铂类为主联合化疗抗人肺癌细胞株的药效学研究*

探讨洛铂（ＬＢＰ）、顺铂（ＤＤＰ）和卡铂（Ｃａｂ）单药或联合紫杉醇（ＰＴＸ）、多西他赛（ＤＯＣ）和长春瑞滨（ＮＶＢ）抗人肺癌细胞株的作用和活性。方法　选用４种人非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）细胞株Ａ５４９、ＮＣＩ-Ｈ４６０、Ｃａｌｕ-３、ＮＣＩ Ｈ２３和小细胞肺癌（ＳＣＬＣ）细胞株ＮＣＩ-Ｈ５２６,用不同浓度的ＬＢＰ、ＤＤＰ和Ｃａｂ单独或与ＰＴＸ、ＤＯＣ和ＮＶＢ联合处理上述肺癌细胞株７２ｈ,应用磺酰罗丹明染色法评价细胞增殖,计算半数抑制浓度（ＩＣ_５０）。结果　ＬＢＰ、ＤＤＰ和Ｃａｂ单药均可抑制体外培养的肺癌细胞株生长,其中ＬＢＰ对４种ＮＳＣＬＣ细胞株的ＩＣ５０为１.７～２.４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＤＤＰ为１.８～５.２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｃａｂ为２２.８～１００.８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ;ＬＢＰ、ＤＤＰ和Ｃａｂ对ＳＣＬＣ细胞株的ＩＣ５０分别为０.３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ、０.６μｍｏｌ／Ｌ和９.８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。ＬＢＰ分别与ＰＴＸ、ＤＯＣ和ＮＶＢ联合抗ＮＳＣＬＣ细胞株有明显增效作用,其中与ＰＴＸ合用的协同作用最强。ＤＤＰ或Ｃａｂ分别与ＰＴＸ、ＤＯＣ和ＮＶＢ联合的抑制作用与细胞株的类型有关。结论　在上述３种铂类药物中,ＬＢＰ具有明确的抗ＮＳＣＬＣ细胞作用,与ＤＤＰ相似,而强于Ｃａｂ,其抗癌活性与细胞株的类型无关。ＬＢＰ分别联合ＰＴＸ、ＤＯＣ和ＮＶＢ均有协同作用,其中与ＰＴＸ的联合作用最强。     

去甲长春花碱,异环磷酰胺和顺铂动静脉给药治疗46例非小细？…

目的：观察去甲长春花碱（ＮＶＢ）、异环磷酰胺（ＩＦＯ）和大剂量顺铂（ＤＤＰ）联合动、静脉给药治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）的疗效及不良反应。方法：４６例ＮＳＣＬＣ随机分为供瘤动脉给药组（Ａ组）和静脉给药组（Ｂ组）。Ａ组：２６例,ＮＶＢ３０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,ＤＤＰ８０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,供瘤支气管动脉灌注,第１天;Ｂ组：２０例,ＮＶＢ３０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,ＤＤＰ８０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,静脉点滴,第１天。２组均用ＩＦ     

重组人血管内皮抑素联合吉西他滨、顺铂方案双途径给药治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的　研究重组人血管内皮抑素（恩度）联合吉西他滨＋顺铂方案双途径给药治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）的有效性和安全性。方法　选择ＮＳＣＬＣ患者４０例,分为恩度联合ＧＰ方案双途径给药治疗组（试验组）和单纯ＧＰ方案双途径治疗组（对照组）,每组２０例。试验组方案为：吉西他滨１０００ｍｇ／ｍ２＋顺铂５０ｍｇ／ｍ２＋恩度３０ｍｇ,肿瘤靶动脉灌注ｄ１;恩度１５ｍｇ静滴,ｄ２～ｄ１３;吉西他滨１０００ｍｇ／ｍ２静滴,ｄ８。对照组仅用ＧＰ方案动脉灌注,剂量、方法同试验组,静脉化疗用吉西他滨单药,方法、剂量同试验组。比较两组患者的有效率（ＲＲ）、疾病控制率（ＤＣＲ）、１年生存率、无进展生存期（ＰＦＳ）、总生存期（ＯＳ）和毒副反应等方面的差异。结果　试验组与对照组比较,ＲＲ分别为４５％和１０％（Ｐ＜０.０５）,ＤＣＲ分别为１００％和９０％（Ｐ＞０.０５）,１年生存率分别为５５％和３０％（Ｐ＞０.０５）,ＰＦＳ分别为７.５个月和５.９个月（Ｐ＜０.０５）,ＯＳ分别为１２.７个月和１２.３个月（Ｐ＞０.０５）。两组均未出现严重毒副反应,且组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论　恩度联合ＧＰ方案双途径治疗晚期ＮＳＣＬＣ临床疗效确切,用药安全,无进展生存时间有所延长,但总体生存期改善不明显,其最佳用药方式有待进一步深入研究。     

异环磷酰胺联合奈达铂与单药多西他赛二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌的临床比较

目的　比较国产异环磷酰胺（ＩＦＯ）联合奈达铂（ＮＤＰ）与单药多西他赛（ＴＸＴ）二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌的疗效、毒副反应及预后。方法　回顾性分析我院接受二线化疗的７７例晚期肺鳞癌患者的临床资料,３７例接受ＩＦＯ联合ＮＤＰ治疗(联合组）,４０例接受单药ＴＸＴ治疗（单药组）。具体用药如下：ＩＦＯ１.３ｇ／ｍ^２,ｄ_１ ～ｄ_３;ＮＤＰ８０～１００ｍｇ／ｍ^２,ｄ_１;ＴＸＴ７５ｍｇ／ｍ^２,ｄ_１。均２１天为１周期,２周期评价疗效和毒副反应。结果　联合组客观有效率（ＲＲ）为４０.５％,单药组ＲＲ为１７.５％,两组差异具有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０.０５）;联合组疾病控制率（ＤＣＲ）为８６.５％,单药组ＤＣＲ为７５.０％。联合组１年生存率为３２.１％,中位总生存期（ＯＳ）为１０.０个月,单药组１年生存率为２９.２％,中位ＯＳ为９.０个月,两组差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０.０５）;联合组中位无进展生存期（ＰＦＳ）为１８.０周,单药组中位ＰＦＳ为１３.０周,两组差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０.０５）。联合组的毒副反应包括白细胞减少、血小板减少及恶心、呕吐,发生率均明显高于单药组。经Ｃｏｘ多元回归分析,治疗前ＰＳ评分、肿瘤分期及二线治疗获益情况均为影响患者生存的独立预后因素。结论　ＩＦＯ联合ＮＤＰ方案较单药ＴＸＴ二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌患者未显著增加患者的ＯＳ,但近期有效率更高,并能延长患者的ＰＦＳ;血液学及消化道毒副反应更明显,但可耐受。     

醛氢叶酸联合氟尿嘧啶系列方案治疗93例晚期结直肠癌

目的　研究醛氢叶酸（ＬＶ）联合氟尿嘧啶（５ＦＵ） 系列方案治疗晚期结直肠癌近期疗效和毒性。　方法　９３ 例分别接受下列化疗①Ａ（ＬＦ） 组：５ＦＵ（５００ ｍｇ／ｍ２·ｄ－ １） 加ＬＶ（２０ ｍｇ／ｍ２·ｄ－ １） 静脉连续５ｄ,３ 周重复;②Ｂ（ＬＦＰ） 组：将顺铂（ＰＤＤ４０ ｍｇ／ｄ 静脉连续３ｄ） 加入Ａ 组中;③Ｃ（ＬＦＨ） 组：将羟基喜树碱（ＨＣＰＴ６ ～８ ｍｇ／ｍ２·ｄ－ １ 静脉连续５ ～１０ｄ） 加入Ａ 组中。每例２ 疗程后作疗效、不良反应评价。　结果　有效率分别为Ａ组１２５ ％（５／４０）、Ｂ组２２２％ （６／２７） 和Ｃ组３４６ ％（９／２６）,Ｃ组显著高于Ａ组（ Ｐ＜ ００５） ;胃肠道反应和骨髓抑制Ｂ 组较Ａ 组增加,Ｃ组较Ａ 组无明显增加。　结论　ＬＦＰ方案价值有待进一步研究,临床上可有选择地应用。ＬＦＨ 方案是治疗晚期结直肠癌有希望的方案。     

后程适形放射治疗联合ＮＰ方案同步化疗治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌

目的　观察三维适形放射治疗联合长春瑞滨（ＮＶＢ）加顺铂（ＤＤＰ）同步化疗治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）的疗效及耐受性。方法　５０例Ⅲ期ＮＳＣＬＣ患者随机分为同步放化疗组和单放组,每组各２５例。单放组采用６ＭＶ或１５ＭＶＸ线常规外放疗ＤＴ４０Ｇｙ,后采用三维适形放疗２.５～３Ｇｙ／ｆ,１ｆ／ｄ,至ＤＴ７０～７５Ｇｙ,同步放化疗组在放疗的第１～３天联合ＮＰ方案化疗（ＮＶＢ２５ｍｇ／ｍ^２,ｄ_１、ｄ_８,ＤＤＰ３０ｍｇ／ｍ^２,ｄ_１～ｄ_３）,２１天为１周期,放疗后再采用该方案化疗３～６个周期。结果　同步放化疗组与单放组的有效率（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ）分别为８４.０％和６４.０％（Ｐ＞０.０５）;１、２年生存率分别为７６.０％、３６.０％和６８.０％、２４.０％（Ｐ均＞０.０５）。主要毒副反应表现为骨髓抑制和消化道反应。结论　后程三维适形放射治疗联合ＮＰ方案同步化疗治疗Ⅲ期ＮＳＣＬＣ近期疗效好,且毒性反应可以耐受。     

伊立替康联合顺铂与吉西他滨联合顺铂一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的随机对照研究

目的　探讨伊立替康（ＣＰＴ １１）联合顺铂（ＤＤＰ）方案（ＩＰ方案）与吉西他滨（ＧＥＭ）联合ＤＤＰ方案（ＧＰ方案）一线治疗非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法　采用前瞻性、开放性、随机对照的临床研究设计,纳入经组织学或细胞学确诊的初治晚期ＮＳＣＬＣ患者８８例,按２∶１比例随机分入ＩＰ方案组和ＧＰ方案组,ＩＰ方案组６０例,ＧＰ方案组２８例。ＩＰ方案组：ＣＰＴ-11 １００ｍｇ／ｍ２,ｄ１、ｄ８;ＤＤＰ２５ｍｇ／ｍ２,ｄ１ ～ｄ３;２１天为１周期。ＧＰ方案组：ＧＥＭ １０００ｍｇ／ｍ２,ｄ１、ｄ８;ＤＤＰ２５ｍｇ／ｍ２,ｄ１～ｄ３;２１天为１周期。２个周期评价疗效和不良反应。结果　ＩＰ方案组获ＰＲ２７例,ＳＤ１６例,ＰＤ１２例,死亡１例,有效率按意向性治疗分析（ＩＴＴ）为４５.０％,按符合方案分析（ＰＰ）为４８.２％,中位生存时间为１１.２个月,１年生存率为４６.４％;ＧＰ方案组获ＰＲ１０例,ＳＤ９例,ＰＤ７例,有效率按ＩＴＴ为３５.７１％,按ＰＰ为３８.５％,中位生存时间为１１.８个月,１年生存率为４６.２％。两组主要不良反应为血液学毒性、消化道反应、疲乏和脱发,ＩＰ方案组腹泻、疲乏、脱发的发生率高于ＧＰ方案组,血小板减少发生率低于ＧＰ方案组（Ｐ＜０.０５）。结论　ＩＰ方案和ＧＰ方案治疗晚期ＮＳＣＬＣ的疗效确切且无显著差异,毒副反应均可耐受。     

口服或静滴VP-16联合DDP方案治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的：比较口服ＶＰ－１６联合ＤＤＰ与静滴ＶＰ－１６联合ＤＤＰ方案（ＥＰ方案）治疗非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）的临床疗效和毒性。方法：选择经病理证实的ＮＳＣＬＣ７８例,随机分为两组。治疗组（４０例）：ＶＰ－１６ １００ｍｇ,静滴,ｄ１,ＶＰ－１６ １００ｍｇ,口服ｄ２－１１,ＤＤＰ８０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,静滴,ｄ１。对照组（３８例）：ＶＰ－１６ １００ｍｇ,静滴,ｄ１－５,ＤＤＰ剂量及用法同治疗组。两组均每     

大剂量重组人血管内皮抑素对肺癌转移瘤的实验研究*

目的　探讨大剂量重组人血管内皮抑素（恩度）单药对肺癌的作用。方法　建立肺癌裸鼠转移瘤模型,检测腹腔给药和皮下注射两种途径恩度（５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）在实验ＳＤ大鼠中的血药浓度,同时分别设生理盐水对照组和恩度１０、２０、５０、１００、２００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）组,观察小鼠的生存情况,计算生存期以及肺部转移灶数量。结果　恩度腹腔给药和皮下注射两种途径药代动力学相似,半衰期约为２４ｈ。１００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）恩度组小鼠的中位生存期达６１天,较对照组延长１０天。小鼠肺部转移病灶数量与恩度剂量有一定相关性,１００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）恩度组转移灶数量最少,与对照组比较有统计学上显著差异（Ｐ＜０.０５）。结论　在肺癌转移瘤模型中,大剂量恩度能够有效地抑制肺癌的生长,生存期延长,生存质量较好。     

碳酸锂对环磷酰胺的抑瘤及毒副作用的影响

观察碳酸锂（Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３）对环磷酰胺（ＣＰ）的抑瘤作用和毒副作用的影响。按标准方法对每只小鼠进行肿瘤（肝癌Ｈ２２、肉瘤Ｓ１８０）接种。Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３［２０、４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ．ｄｉｇ，连续１０天。ＣＰ（９０、１８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）一次ｉＰ。结果显示：Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３与ＣＰ联合应用可显著提高抑瘤率，增加荷瘤鼠的外周血白细胞（ＷＢＣ）数和降低骨磷嗜多染红细胞（ＰＣＥ）的微核率（ＭＮＦ）。提示Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３能明显增强Ｃ     

慢病毒介导β4整合素shRNA对人非小细胞肺癌H460SM细胞皮下移植瘤生长的影响

目的:研究慢病毒介导的β4整合素(integrinβ4,ITGB4) shRNA对人非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长的抑制作用.方法:采用实时荧光定量-PCR (real-time fluorogenic quantitative-PCR,RFQ-PCR)和蛋白质印迹法检测ITGB4在不同人NSCLC细胞中的表达水平;慢病毒介导ITGB4 shRNA抑制NSCLC H460SM细胞中ITGB4的表达,再用RFQ-PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测ITGB4的表达水平,评价基因沉默效率;裸鼠随机分为3组,皮下分别接种H460SM-NS细胞(对照组)、稳定表达ITGB4 shRNA的H460SM-68和H460SM-71细胞.每隔1d测量裸鼠体质量和肿瘤大小,比较各组裸鼠肿瘤生长情况.处死裸鼠,剥离肿瘤,测量肿瘤大小和质量.结果:ITGB4在大多数人NSCLC细胞中均有表达,其中大细胞肺癌H460SM和NCI-H460细胞中ITGB4表达量明显高于NCI-H661细胞(P＜0.01),H460SM细胞中ITGB4表达水平明显高于亲本NCI-H460细胞(P＜0.01):ITGB4 shRNA转染组细胞中ITGB4的表达水平明显低于阴性对照组细胞(P＜0.01); ITGB4 shRNA转染组皮下移植瘤生长速度明显低于阴性对照组(P＜0.01).结论:ITGB4表达可能与人NSCLC细胞的致瘤、侵袭、转移的表型有关;抑制ITGB4的表达,可以抑制人NSCLC细胞H460SM裸鼠皮下移植瘤的生长.     

Histology and sensitivity to anticancer drugs of two human non-small cell lung carcinomas implanted in the pleural cavity of nude mice.

We have established two metastatic models of human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)-the NCI-H460 large-cell carcinoma and the A549 adenocarcinoma-by inoculating tumor cells into the pleural space of nude mice. The objectives of this work were as follows: (a) to study the histological characteristics and growth and dissemination patterns of these tumors in nude mice; (b) to assess their sensitivity to drugs that have demonstrated significant clinical therapeutic effect in the treatment of NSCLC; and (c) to investigate the antitumor activity of S 16020-2, a new olivacine derivative, currently in Phase II clinical evaluation. In each of the two models, all animals developed lung tumors, resulting in 100% mortality. Histopathological study showed that these two tumors spread locally to contiguous structures, including the mediastinal pleura and diaphragm, with histological characteristics consistent with the human pathology. Anticancer drugs used for the treatment of NSCLC, such as cisplatin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and etoposide, enhanced the life span of treated mice in the two models and were more active in the NCI-H460 than in the A549 model. The increases of survival time as compared to control groups were from 60 (P < or = 0.05) to 83% (P < or = 0.01) and from 21 to 40% for NCI-H460 and A549, respectively. Vinorelbine, paclitaxel, and irinotecan showed similar activities in the two models and increased the survival of treated mice by between 38 and 79% (P < or = 0.001) and between 58 (P < or = 0.01) and 78% in the NCI-H460 and A549 models, respectively. However, none of these drugs was curative, reflecting the resistance of this disease to chemotherapy. S 16020-2 exhibited a remarkable antitumor activity, increasing the survival by 82% (P < or = 0.01) for NCI-H460 and by 126% (P < or = 0.001) for A549. This drug was among the most active compounds in these models, thereby indicating its potential for the chemotherapy of this disease.     

Bcl-2反义寡核苷酸对裸鼠人肺癌移植瘤抑制作用的研究

目的探讨Bcl-2反义寡核核苷酸(ASODN)对裸鼠人肺癌移植瘤的成瘤能力和生长的抑制作用。方法将经硫代修饰的Bcl-2ASODN导入非小细胞肺癌。NCI-H460细胞内,然后将这种细胞接种于裸鼠皮下,观察肿瘤出现的时间和肿瘤体积的变化,并计算抑瘤率。同时采用未经处理的NCI-H460细胞接种于裸鼠背部皮下建立裸鼠人肺癌移植瘤模型,待长出瘤结节直径为≥5mm后,分为Bcl-2ASODN实验组、生理盐水对照组和无义寡核苷酸对照组3组。实验组用15mg/kgASODN两天一次直接瘤内注射,连用3周,测肿瘤大小变化和组织形态学改变。结果Bcl-2ASODN作用后的NCI-H460细胞在裸鼠皮下成瘤能力降低,最大抑瘤率达87.5%(P相似文献   

Bcl-2反义寡核苷酸对裸鼠人肺癌移植瘤抑制作用的研究(英文)

目的探讨 Bcl-2反义寡核核苷酸(ASODN)对裸鼠人肺癌移植瘤的成瘤能力和生长的抑制作用。方法将经硫代修饰的 Bcl-2 ASODN 导入非小细胞肺癌 NCI-H460细胞内,然后将这种细胞接种于裸鼠皮下,观察肿瘤出现的时间和肿瘤体积的变化,并计算抑瘤率。同时采用未经处理的 NCI-H460细胞接种于裸鼠背部皮下建立裸鼠人肺癌移植瘤模型,待长出瘤结节直径为≥5mm 后,分为 Bcl-2 ASODN 实验组、生理盐水对照组和无义寡核苷酸对照组3组。实验组用15mg/kg ASODN 两天一次直接瘤内注射,连用3周,测肿瘤大小变化和组织形态学改变。结果 Bcl-2 ASODN 作用后的 NCI-H460细胞在裸鼠皮下成瘤能力降低,最大抑瘤率达87.5%(P<0.01)。Bcl-2 ASODN 处理的NCI-H460细胞在裸鼠皮下成瘤的平均时间延长为12.6天(P<0.01)。在治疗 NCI-H460细胞裸鼠移植瘤过程中,生理盐水对照组和无义对照组的瘤块体积进行性增大,而 Bcl-2 ASODN 组的瘤块生长很缓慢,治疗组和两个对照组瘤重相比均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。治疗后第30天剥离瘤块,两个治疗组分别与两个对照组瘤重相比均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。Bcl-2 ASODN 治疗组裸鼠肺癌细胞移植瘤的生长受到明显抑制,抑瘤率为71.0%。瘤块病理学检查可见,Bcl-2 ASODN 治疗组瘤块内有大片的变性坏死灶,结缔组织增生,炎性细胞浸润;而两个对照组瘤体内癌细胞呈弥漫性密集分布。结论 Bcl-2反寡义核苷酸能降低肺癌细胞的成瘤能力,抑制移植瘤生长。     

Epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies inhibit the growth of lung cancer cell lines.

The ability of monoclonal antibody (MAb 108), an immunoglobulin G (IgG)2a against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), to interact with lung cancer cell lines was investigated. 125I-EGF bound with high affinity to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and MAb 108 inhibited specific binding of nine NSCLC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 = 0.3-3 micrograms per ml). 125I-MAb 108 bound with high affinity (kd = 2 nM) to a single class of sites (Bmax = 70,000 per cell) using NSCLC neuroendocrine cell line NCI-H460. Specific 125I-MAb 108 binding was inhibited with high affinity by MAb 108 but not by a control antibody IgG using large-cell carcinoma cell line NCI-H1299. 125I-MAb 108 binding was not internalized at 37 degrees C using NSCLC neuroendocrine cell line NCI-H460 and adenocarcinoma cell line NCI-H23. Also, 1 microgram per ml of MAb 108 but not of a control IgG inhibited the clonal growth of NCI-H23 and squamous cell carcinoma cell line NCI-H157 in vitro. Also, MAb 108 inhibited xenograft formation of cell lines NCI-H460, NCI-H157, and NCI-H727 in nude mice in vivo. After a palpable tumor had formed using NCI-H460 cells, injection of 100 micrograms of MAb 108 (intraperitoneally three times weekly) inhibited xenograft volume in nude mice by approximately 50%. These data suggest that MAb 108 may interact with EGF receptors on lung cancer cell lines and inhibit NSCLC proliferation.     

NFV, an HIV-1 protease inhibitor, induces growth arrest, reduced Akt signalling, apoptosis and docetaxel sensitisation in NSCLC cell lines

HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI), nelfinavir (NFV) induced growth arrest and apoptosis of NCI-H460 and -H520, A549, EBC-1 and ABC-1 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in association with upregulation of p21waf1, p27kip1 and p53, and downregulation of Bcl-2 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 proteins. We found that NFV blocked Akt signalling in these cells as measured by Akt kinase assay with glycogen synthase kinase-3alpha/beta (GSK-3alpha/beta) as a substrate. To explore the role of Akt signalling in NFV-mediated growth inhibition of NSCLC cells, we blocked this signal pathway by transfection of Akt small interfering RNA (siRNA) in these cells; transient transfection of Akt siRNA in NCI-H460 cells decreased the level of Bcl-2 protein and slowed their proliferation compared to the nonspecific siRNA-transfected cells. Conversely, forced-expression of Akt partially reversed NFV-mediated growth inhibition of these cells, suggesting that Akt may be a molecular target of NFV in NSCLC cells. Also, we found that inhibition of Akt signalling by NFV enhanced the ability of docetaxel to inhibit the growth of NCI-H460 and -H520 cells, as measured by MTT assay. Importantly, NFV slowed the proliferation and induced apoptosis of NCI-H460 cells present as tumour xenografts in nude mice without adverse systemic effects. Taken together, this family of compounds might be useful for the treatment of individuals with NSCLC.     

Bcl-2反义寡核苷酸对人肺癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

背景与目的：研究表明,靶向bcl-2 mRNA的反义寡核苷酸（antisense oligodeoxynuelectide, ASODN）在体内外可产生抗肿瘤效应。我们已经在bcl-2 mRNA蛋白编码区发现了一个新的有效反义作用靶点,同时证实这个靶点的ASODN能增强白血病及肺癌细胞对化疗药物、放射线的敏感性。本研究进一步探讨bcl-2 ASODN对裸鼠非小细胞肺癌NCl—H460细胞移植瘤的成瘤能力和移植瘤的抑制作用。方法：将经硫代修饰的bcl-2ASODN直接加入到培养的NCl—H460细胞内,MTF法检测细胞生长抑制率．然后将这种细胞接种于裸鼠皮下,观察肿瘤出现的时间和肿瘤体积的变化,并计算抑瘤率。同时取未经处理的NCl—H460细胞接种于裸鼠背部皮下建立裸鼠人肺癌移植瘤模型,待瘤结节直径≥5mm后,分为bcl-2ASODN实验组、生理盐水对照组和无义寡核苷酸对照组。实验组用15mg／kgASODN两天一次直接瘤内注射．连用3周,测肿瘤大小和组织形态学改变。结果：bcl-2ASODN显著抑制NCl—H460细胞的生长,并呈时间依赖性,与无义寡核苷酸组相比．有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。bcl-2ASODN作用后的NCl—H460细胞在裸鼠皮下成瘤能力降低。平均成瘤时间延长为12．6天（P〈0．01）,最大抑瘤率达87．5％（P〈0．01）。在处理NCl—H460细胞裸鼠移植瘤过程中．生理盐水对照组和无义寡核苷酸对照组的瘤体进行性增大．而bcl-2ASODN组的瘤块生长缓慢,ASODN处理组与两个对照组相比均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。处理后第30天剥离瘤块．ASODN处理组分别与两个对照组瘤重相比均有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。bcl-2ASODN处理组裸鼠NCl—H460细胞移植瘤的生长受到明显抑制,抑瘤率为71．0％。病理学检查可见．bcl-2ASODN处理组瘤块内有大片的变性坏死灶．结缔组织增生．炎性细胞浸润：而两个对照组瘤体内癌细胞呈弥漫性密集分布。结论：bcl-2ASODN能降低NCl—H460细胞的成瘤能力．抑制移植瘤生长。     

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression influences the growth of human large and small cell lung carcinoma lines in athymic mice: impact of an organoselenium compound on growth regulation

Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) significantly enhances carcinogenesis and inflammatory reactions. Regulation of COX-2 overexpression may be a reasonable target for cancer chemoprevention. We have tested the hypothesis that levels of COX-2 expression determine the growth of human lung cancer cells in nude mice. Two cell lines, NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung cancer) and NCI-H69 (small cell lung cancer) were selected because the former expresses high levels of COX-2 protein and the latter has no detectable levels. We also examined the effects of 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate (p-XSC), a highly effective chemopreventive organoselenium compound and known inhibitor of COX-2 expression, in vivo, on cell growth and COX-2 expression in vitro in the NCI-H460 cancer cell line. Cells were exposed to p-XSC at levels between 10 and 100 microM for six days and showed toxicity at approximately 50 microM. Pre-exposure of NCI-H460 to non-toxic levels of p-XSC suppressed COX-2 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. At 40 microM, p-XSC suppressed phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced COX-2 expression in NCI-H460 cells by more than 66%. In vivo studies in athymic mice showed a significant difference in tumor volume between cell lines. Pre-treatment of NCI-H460 cells with a non-toxic dose of p-XSC, prior to their injection into nude mice, significantly suppressed tumor growth when compared to untreated cells. Collectively, the outcome of our in vitro and in vivo studies supports the hypothesis that levels of COX-2 expression determine the extent of human lung tumor growth in athymic mice. Therefore, inhibition of COX-2 expression by agents such as p-XSC provides a strong rationale for the development of future clinical prevention trials.     

重组变构人肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体与吉西他滨联合对人非小细胞肺癌细胞株NCI-H460的体内外抑制作用

目的 观察重组变构人肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(rmhTRAIL)与吉两他滨(GEM)联合应用对人非小细胞肺癌细胞株NCI-H460在体内外的抑制作用.方法 采用二苯基溴化四氮唑蓝(MTT)法,检测系列浓度的rmhTRAIL和GEM单独或联合应用时对人肺癌NCI-H460细胞生长的抑制作用.将NCI-H460细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型分为6组:对照组(腹腔注射生理盐水)、rmhTRAIL组、GEM组、rmhTRAIL+GEM组、GEM+顺铂(DDP)组和rmhTRAIL+GEM+DDP组,分别给药.每3～4 d测量1次裸鼠移植瘤大小,用药后21 d,处死裸鼠,剥取肿瘤称重.结果 rmhTRAIL和GEM单独或联合应用时对NCI-H460细胞的生长抑制作用呈剂量依赖性,且系列浓度的rmhTRAIL和GEM的联合具有协同抑制作用.rmhTRAIL组、rmhTRAIL+GEM组、GEM+DDP组和rmhTRAIL+GEM+DDP组的相对肿瘤体积分别为4.75±3.04、2.53±1.25、4.52±2.87和1.69±0.97,均显著低于对照组(8.82±5.62,均P＜0.05);肿瘤重量分别为(2.23±0.29)g、(1.12±0.77)g、(2.51±0.87)g和(0.60±0.18)g,均显著低于对照组[(4.71±0.97)g,均P＜0.01].rmhTRAIL+GEM组的相对肿瘤体积和肿瘤苇量均显著低于rmhTRAIL组和GEM组(P＜0.05和P＜0.01).rmhTRAIL+GEM+DDP组的相对肿瘤体积和肿瘤重量均显著低于rmhTRAIL组和GEM+DDP组(P＜0.05和P＜0.01).结论 在体内外实验中,rmhTRAIL与吉西他滨联合对人肺癌细胞株NCI-H460的生长均显示出协同抑制作用.     

Histone deacetylase inhibitors suppress the inducibility of nuclear factor-kappaB by tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor-1 down-regulation

Recently, the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes has attracted attention in the oncologic community as a new therapeutic opportunity for hematologic and solid tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In hematologic malignancies, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the HDAC inhibitor (HDI), suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), has recently entered phase II and III clinical trials. To further advance our understanding of their action on tumor cells, we investigated the possible effect of HDI treatment on the functionality of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway in NSCLC. We found that in the NSCLC cell lines, A549 and NCI-H460, the NF-kappaB pathway was strongly inducible, for example, by stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Incubation of several NSCLC cell lines with HDIs resulted in greatly reduced gene expression of TNF-alpha receptor-1. HDI-treated A549 and NCI-H460 cells down-regulated TNF-alpha receptor-1 mRNA and protein levels as well as surface exposure, and consequently responded to TNF-alpha treatment with reduced IKK phosphorylation and activation, delayed IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation, and attenuated NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and DNA binding. Accordingly, stimulation of NF-kappaB target gene expression by TNF-alpha was strongly decreased. In addition, we observed that SAHA displayed antitumor efficacy in vivo against A549 xenografts grown on nude mice. HDIs, therefore, might beneficially contribute to tumor treatment, possibly by reducing the responsiveness of tumor cells to the TNF-alpha-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB pathway. These findings also hint at a possible use of HDIs in inflammatory diseases, which are associated with the overproduction of TNF-alpha, such as rheumatoid arthritis or Crohn's disease.