藏毛窦外科治疗的疗效分析

目的探讨骶尾部藏毛窦外科治疗方法。方法回顾性分析2007年7月至2014年2月南京中医药大学第一附属医院收治的骶尾部藏毛窦33例患者的临床资料,其中18例行藏毛窦切除+袋形缝合术,15例行藏毛窦菱形切除+Limberg皮瓣转移术。结果18例行藏毛窦切除+袋形缝合术经一次手术治愈。15例行藏毛窦菱形切除+Limberg皮瓣转移术均痊愈,其中5例出现切口部分裂开或坏死延迟愈合,均经常规换药引流后愈合。藏毛窦菱形切除+Limberg皮瓣转移术愈合时间较藏毛窦切除+袋形缝合术短[(19±7)d比(37±12)d,t=6.556,P<0.01].袋形缝合术组术后复发1例,复发率5.6%,Limberg皮瓣转移术组术后无1例复发,2组复发率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论藏毛窦菱形切除+Limberg皮瓣转移术与藏毛窦切除+袋形缝合术均可有效治疗藏毛窦,对于复杂性和复发病例尽可能选择皮瓣转移技术。     

骶尾部藏毛窦21例治疗体会

目的 比较骶尾部藏毛窦切除后袋形缝合和一期缝合的临床疗效.方法 2007年至2012年我院收治藏毛窦患者并分别进行藏毛窦切除后袋形缝合术或一期缝合手术21例,其中12例采用袋形缝合,9例采用一期缝合.结果 藏毛窦切除后袋形缝合平均创面愈合时间（33.50±19.45）d,袋形组未见明显术后并发症,无复发;一期缝合平均创面愈合时间（27.33±17,16）d,2例术后感染,切开引流,二期愈合,1例出现术后感染后创面未愈,再次手术治愈,1例创面轻微裂开,复发1例（11.1％）.结论 藏毛窦切除后袋形缝合,术后并发症发生率低及复发率低,一期缝合的优点是创面愈合快,但是应当考虑到患者感染率较高的问题.     

引流配合复方紫归膏治疗骶尾部藏毛窦11例

目的：评价引流配合复方紫归膏换药治疗骶尾部藏毛窦的疗效。方法：11例骶尾部藏毛窦患者均行手术治疗,顺脊柱方向梭形切开窦道和脓腔,彻底清除窦道内坏死组织、着色瘢痕组织,并彻底搔刮创面,创面敞开充分引流,术后采用复方紫归膏纱条换药。结果：11例均一期愈合,平均住院时间20d,平均换药时间35．4d,随访6个月～2年无复发。结论：充分引流并复方紫归膏换药治疗骶尾部藏毛窦,疗效确切,疗程短,一期治愈率高。     

袋形缝合术联合中药外敷治疗骶尾部藏毛窦13例报道

目的探讨袋形缝合术联合中药外敷治疗骶尾部藏毛窦的临床疗效。方法应用袋形缝合术联合中药外敷治疗骶尾部藏毛窦13例。结果13例患者全部治愈,随访1年,未见明显复发及并发症。结论袋形缝合术联合中药外敷治疗骶尾部藏毛窦手术操作简单,治疗彻底,缩小了手术创面,愈合时间相对缩短,复发少,患者痛苦少,长期效果优良,治疗骶尾部藏毛窦安全、有效,值得临床推广应用。     

4种手术方法治疗藏毛窦的疗效比较

目的比较4种手术方法治疗藏毛窦的临床治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2013年3月期间江苏省中医院肛肠科收治的43例骶尾部藏毛窦患者的临床资料,均接受手术治疗,其中藏毛窦切除＋切口开放术4例（切口开放组）、藏毛窦切除＋切口直接缝合术7例（直接缝合组）、藏毛窦切除＋切口袋形缝合术19例（袋形缝合组）、藏毛窦菱形切除＋Limberg皮瓣转移术13例（皮瓣转移组）。结果①4组患者的一般临床资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,具有可比性。②切口开放组、直接缝合组、袋形缝合组和皮瓣转移组的住院时间分别为（16．70±8．69）d、（16．43±10．68）d、（15．84±11．29）d和（14．69±4．01）d,术后平均愈合时间分别为（64．75±6．50）d、（34．57±19．15）d、（35．16±15．49）d和（17．92±4．29）d。4组住院时间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。切口愈合时间皮瓣转移组明显短于其他3组（P〈0．05）,直接缝合组和袋形缝合组均明显短于切口开放组（P〈0．05）,直接缝合组与袋形缝合组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。③4组的并发症：直接缝合组有2例患者切口部分裂开,2例患者因切口感染行部分拆开;皮瓣转移组1例患者术后切口渗血行部分拆开引流,1例患者出现张力性水泡;其余2组没有发生并发症。切口愈合后随访半年均无复发。结论从本组有限的数据初步得出,藏毛窦术后的闭合方式根据切口张力大小而定,张力小者可行直接缝合,张力大者可行袋形缝合;病变范围广或术后复发的患者可行菱形切除＋Limberg皮瓣转移。     

菱形切除Limberg皮瓣转移术与切除一期缝合术治疗骶尾部藏毛窦疗效评价

比较菱形切除Limberg皮瓣转移术与切除一期缝合术治疗骶尾部藏毛窦的疗效。回顾性分析中国医科大学附属第四医院肛肠科2007年1月—2013年6月收治的122例接受两种不同术式治疗的骶尾部藏毛窦患者,其中藏毛窦菱形切除Limberg皮瓣转移术58例(皮瓣组),藏毛窦切除一期缝合术64例(缝合组)。随访12~89个月(平均43.6个月),比较两组的术后疼痛评分、手术时间、住院时间、切口愈合时间、复发及并发症的发生率。皮瓣组的术后疼痛评分、切口愈合时间、复发及并发症发生率均少于缝合组(P0.05);皮瓣组手术时间大于缝合组(P0.05);两组住院时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。菱形切除Limberg皮瓣转移术除了手术时间相对较长以外,操作并不复杂,术后疼痛轻、切口愈合时间短、并发症少、复发率低,值得临床推广。     

改良Limberg、Dufourmentel菱形转移皮瓣成形术治疗骶尾部藏毛窦

骶尾部藏毛疾病是原发于臀沟并向上蔓延的骶尾部慢性皮下感染,常反复破溃形成窦道即藏毛窦.藏毛窦的主要治疗方法包括:苯酚注射、冷冻、切开引流搔刮、病灶整块切除等[1].北京市肛肠医院近年收治的藏毛窦患者多为外院手术治疗失败或复发者,通常窦道分支复杂,病变范围广泛,如果术后创口开放,二期愈合时间很长;另一方面,也会增加患者伤口疼痛和换药次数.2010年1月至6月我们采用改良Limberg、Dufourmentel菱形转移皮瓣成形术治疗骶尾部藏毛窦16例,取得良好效果.     

骶尾部藏毛窦84例诊治体会

目的总结骶尾部藏毛窦的诊断和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析我院2007年1月至2011年1月期间收治的84例骶尾部藏毛窦病例的诊治过程,并结合国内、外相关文献报道进行分析、总结。对骶尾部藏毛窦复发者及瘘道走形长度大于5 cm者采用窦道切除切口敞开术,完整切除病变组织,予以康复新液纱条每日湿敷换药治疗;无复发者且瘘道走形长度小于5 cm者采用切除一期缝合,切口褥式缝合,消灭死腔。结果采用切除一期缝合术者36例,窦道切除切口敞开术者48例。有2例切除一期缝合术者术后半年复发,行窦道切除切口敞开术后以康复新液换药而愈;其余82例均一次性手术治愈。切除一期缝合的伤口愈合时间为14～35 d,平均为26 d;窦道切除切口敞开愈合时间为30～45 d,平均37 d。无一例发生并发症。随访1年以上均无复发。结论术前完善相关检查,明确诊断,根据病情选择合适的手术治疗方式,以及围手术期的合理护理能最大程度地治愈及减少复发的可能性。     

骶尾部藏毛窦诊断与治疗

目的 探讨骶尾部藏毛窦的临床特点、诊断与治疗.方法 2010年10月至2013年1月收治骶尾部藏毛窦5例,5例均骶尾部感染反复发作,待炎症消退后均行藏毛窦一期切除缝合术.结果 5例病理检查结果诊断为藏毛窦,3例术后I期愈合,2例术后切口轻度裂开,经换药后治愈.随访6～12个月均无复发.结论 藏毛窦疾病容易误诊,术前应仔细检查,明确手术范围,彻底手术切除是预防复发的关键.     

骶尾部藏毛窦的诊断与治疗

目的总结骶尾部藏毛窦的诊断与手术治疗经验。方法回顾性分析48例骶尾部藏毛窦患者的临床资料。结果本组患者均有（12±5．6）年的骶尾部反复红肿破溃病史,其中21例曾误诊为肛瘘,18例曾误诊为皮脂腺囊肿。有37例患者可见2个以上窦口,2例可于术前体检时见到毛发自窦口钻出．21例于术中可见窦道内毛发。切口一期缝合和部分缝合及开放换药3组患者术后感染率分别为46．7％（7／15）、23．5％（4／17）和0（0／16）,复发率分别为26．7％（4／15）、14.3％（2／17）和6．3％（1／16）（P〈0．01）,差异均有统计学意义。结论藏毛窦极易误诊．完整切除囊壁及切口开放换药是治愈的关键。     

A randomized study between excision and marsupialization and radiofrequency sinus excision in sacro-coccygeal pilonidal disease

BACKGROUND: The surgical approach to pilonidal sinus disease is open to debate. This prospective, randomized study was aimed to compare the outcome of the excision and marsupialization and the sinus excision technique by radiofrequency. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients of chronic pilonidal sinus disease were randomly assigned to radiofrequency sinus excision (n = 15) and excision and marsupialization (n = 15). The parameters measured included intraoperative and postoperative data, wound-related complications, and recurrence. Patient satisfaction score was assessed at 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: The operation time, postoperative pain, hospital stay, and off work periods were significantly less (p < 0.05) in the technique employing radiofrequency surgery. At 1-year follow-up, there was 1 case of recurrence in each group. The patients from radiofrequency group expressed better satisfaction than the patients operated by marsupialization. CONCLUSION: Radiofrequency sinus excision technique needs a shorter hospital stay with reduced postoperative pain and early resumption to work in comparison with the sinus excision and marsupialization technique.     

改良臀沟抬高术治疗骶尾部藏毛疾病的临床研究(附42例报告)

目的探讨改良臀沟抬高术在骶尾部藏毛疾病手术中的应用。方法共治疗42例骶尾部藏毛疾病患者,病灶采用完整切除、改良臀沟抬高术,随诊1年。结果 1例术后第6天出现皮下积液感染,经切开引流后缓解,创口延期愈合。5例皮瓣尾侧因扭转张力,臀沟处裂开,经换药引流后缓解,部分创口延期愈合。3例部分创口桥型愈合,经引流、换药后延期愈合。其他病例一期愈合。结论改良臀沟抬高术治疗骶尾部藏毛疾病,疗效显著,住院时间短,复发率低,患者舒适度高,是一种较佳的手术方法。     

Comparative study between radiofrequency sinus excision and open excision in sacro-coccygeal pilonidal sinus disease

AIM: Evaluation of outcome of pilonidal sinus excision using a radiofrequency device and comparing its results with excision and open granulation procedure. METHODS: Patients with sacro-coccygeal pilonidal sinus disease (n=44) were randomly assigned to undergo either a wide excision and healing by open granulation procedure [WEG] (n=23) or a radiofrequency sinus excision [RSE] (n=21). An Ellman radiofrequency generator was used for RSE. Intra- and postoperative events and outcome data were evaluated and analyzed by Student's unpaired t test and chi(2) test. RESULTS: The significant differences in the two groups WEG and RSE were as follows: mean hospital stay (47 vs. 10 h, p< 0.05), period off work (29 vs. 8 days, p< 0.05), mean analgesic requirement (39 vs. 15 tablets, p< 0.05), time for complete wound healing (84 vs. 49 days, p< 0.05). At the mean follow-up of 30 months, 2 patients from the wide excision and open granulation group and one patient from the radiofrequency sinus excision group developed recurrence. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that sinus excision with radiofrequency is a simple and swift procedure. It needs a short hospital stay and is associated with less postoperative pain and early resumption to work. As compared to excision and healing by granulation technique, the radiofrequency sinus excision procedure achieves faster wound healing and a better outcome.     

Elliptical Excision with Midline Primary Closure Versus Rhomboid Excision with Limberg Flap Reconstruction in Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal Disease: A Prospective, Randomized Study

To compare elliptical excision with primary midline closure and rhomboid excision with limberg flap reconstruction techniques for the sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus. This prospective randomized study of 80 patients of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus was performed in SKIMS medical college from 2004 to 2007. After assigning patients randomly to either of the surgical groups, group A patients (40/80) were operated by using rhomboid excision with limberg flap reconstruction whereas group B patients (40/80) were operated by using elliptical excision with primary midline closure. Data was compiled in terms of operative period required, immediate post operative complications, post operative pain (VAS scores), work-off period, hospital stay and recurrences over a follow up of 3?years for the two study groups. Data thereby collected was analyzed by using Microsoft excel. The parameters in which the two techniques were found to differ significantly were work-off period, immediate post operative complications profiles and recurrence rates. Rhomboid excision with limberg flap reconstruction technique surely outscores elliptical excision with primary midline closure in certain important parameters. While facing a patient with uncomplicated sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus, instead of, which procedure for the patient? Surgeons should pose the question why not rhomboid excision with limberg flaps reconstruction?     

Results of the Limberg transposition flap in the treatment of pilonidal sinus

The surgical treatment of pilonidal sinus with the Limberg transposition flap will be demonstrated in 40 patients (22 male; 18 female). First step is draining the infect by incision, followed by radical excision of the pilonidal sinus and covering of the defect by a rhomboid transposition flap. In 39 out of 40 cases primary wound healing occurred. No recurrence has yet been encountered. In one case a seroma was observed which was drained and showed secondary wound healing. The mean hospital stay was 7.9 days and the mean time until return to work was about 15 days. We consider the Limberg transposition flap to be an effective treatment of pilonidal sinus disease due to its technical simplicity and low complication rate.     

Laying open (deroofing) and curettage under local anesthesia for pilonidal disease: An outpatient procedure

AIM: To test the efficacy of lay open (deroofing, not excision) with curettage under local anesthesia (LOCULA) for pilonidal sinus as an outpatient procedure.METHODS: LOCULA procedure was done for all types of pilonidal disease. The primary outcome measure was cure rate. The secondary outcome measures were hospital stay, operating time, return to work, healing time and complication rate.RESULTS: Thirty-three (M/F-30/3, mean age-23.4 ± 5.8 years) consecutive patients were operated and followed for 24 mo (6-46 mo). Eleven were pilonidal abscess and 22 were chronic pilonidal disease. Six had recurrent disease. Operating time and the hospital stay was 22.3 ± 5.6 min and 63.8 ± 22.3 min respectively. The patients could resume normal work in 4.3 ± 3.2 d and the healing time was 42.9 ± 8.1 d. Thirty (93.8%) patients had complete resolution of the disease and two (6.2%) had a recurrence. Both the recurrences happened in patients who had complete healing but ignored the prescribed recommendations. One out of these got cured after getting operated again with the same procedure. Thus the overall success rate of this procedure was 96.9%.CONCLUSION: Lay open (deroofing) with curettage procedure under local anesthesia is an effective procedure to treat both simple and complicated pilonidal sinus and abscess. It is a simple procedure, has a high cure rate (up to 97%), doesn’t require admission and is associated with minimal morbidity and scarring. Considering the distinct advantages, this procedure has the potential to become the first line procedure for treating pilonidal disease.     

Surgical treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus with the Limberg transposition flap

BACKGROUND: Pilonidal sinus is a common chronic disease of the sacrococcygeal region. Although many surgical methods have been suggested, an ideal method is still lacking because of high recurrence rates. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted in 63 patients who were treated with the use of a rhomboid excision and Limberg flap closure for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus. The follow-up period ranged from 4 to 52 months (mean, 25 months). RESULTS: The mean hospital stay was 3 days (range, 2-7 days) and the mean time to return to work was 15 days (range, 12-26 days). Early wound complications and recurrence were encountered in 6% and 3%, respectively. Nineteen percent had numbness at the operation site and 63% were not pleased with cosmetic appearance of the scars. CONCLUSIONS: The results favor rhomboid excision and Limberg flap closure in the treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus, especially in recurrent cases and in patients with extensive involvement. Low recurrence rates, shorter hospital stay, and time off from work may outweigh the disadvantages related to unfavorable cosmetic appearance.     

Treatment of pilonidal sinus with primary closure. A twenty-year experience

From 1985 to 2004, 229 patients (171 M, 58 F) aged from 16 to 35 years, affected by pilonidal sinus were treated by complete excision of the sinus and primary closure. Primary healing was achieved in 208 patients (91%) in an average time of 11.9 days. Secondary healing was achieved in 21 patients (9%) in 16-19 days. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 1.9 days and the average time off work 16 days. Recurrent pilonidal sinus was observed in 10 patients with a mean follow-up of 18 months (range: 12-24). On the basis of their experience, the authors conclude that complete excision of the pilonidal sinus with primary closure yields good results in terms of healing, morbidity, early return to work and recurrence rate and can be considered the treatment of choice for pilonidal sinus.