角膜屈光手术后继发性圆锥角膜的RGP矫正疗效观察

目的评价硬性透气性角膜接触镜(rigid permeability contact lenses,RGP)矫正角膜屈光手术后圆锥角膜的疗效。方法选择笔者医院收治的11例(21眼)角膜屈光手术后圆锥角膜患者配戴RGP,观察1年后角膜前后表明曲率,RGP和普通软性角膜接触镜的角膜地形图改变。结果配戴RGP1年后角膜前表面最平平均曲率值和后表面曲率值没有明显变化。RGP矫正1年后角膜前表面的最陡平均曲率明显下降,角膜地形图SRI,SAI,散光减少,PVA提高。对照组佩戴普通软性角膜接触镜1年后角膜地形图无明显改善。结论经1年的随访观察,RGP对角膜屈光手术后的圆锥角膜能明显改善患者的角膜前表面最陡平均曲率,角膜后表面和角膜前表面最平平均曲率保持稳定。是目前矫正角膜屈光手术后圆锥角膜的有效方法。     

OrbscanⅡ角膜地形图系统筛查亚临床期圆锥角膜

目的研究亚临床期圆锥角膜的角膜地形图改变的特点。方法应用OrbscanⅡ角膜地形图系统检测15例(26只眼)亚临床期圆锥角膜患者的角膜,得到角膜前表面和后表面Diff值、角膜最薄点厚度、角膜中央屈光力及角膜模拟镜差值(SimK值),了解亚临床期圆锥角膜的敏感性指标以及各指标之间的相关关系。结果亚临床期圆锥角膜的角膜前表面Diff值是0.025mm,角膜后表面Diff值为0.050 mm;角膜最薄点厚度(450.65±35.67)μm;SimK值为(4.55±1.09)D;角膜中央屈光力为(47.1±3.5)D。角膜前表面Diff值与角膜后表面Diff值、角膜中央屈光力呈正相关关系;角膜后表面Diff值与角膜中央屈光力呈正相关关系。结论 OrbscanⅡ角膜地形图系统可为早期诊断亚临床期圆锥角膜提供形态学依据。     

角膜地形图对近视眼圆锥角膜的筛查

目的探讨角膜地形图对近视眼圆锥角膜的筛查。方法选取2018年2月至2019年2月于我院眼科接受角膜塑型术矫正近视的125例患者(共218眼)作为观察对象,采用计算机辅助的角膜地形图系统进行角膜曲率、屈光度、角膜散光度、表面非对称指数(SAI)、角膜表面规则指数(SRI)及进行角膜形态学描述。结果通过对125例近视眼患者进行疾病筛查显示,有1例患者表现为亚临床圆锥角膜,右眼-9.5DS∝-2.0DC85°角膜屈光力为48D,最佳矫正视力为0.8,中央角膜厚度为460μm;左眼-6.0DS∝-1.5DC175°,角膜屈光力为46.5D,最佳矫正视力为1.0,中央角膜厚度为410μm;角膜地形图显示于左眼下方出现扇形红色岛状隆,右眼角膜地形图正常;通过对125例近视眼患者进行疾病筛查显示有7例患者表现为可疑。结论角膜地形图在近视眼圆锥角膜的筛查应用中具有积极导向,可用于早期诊断圆锥角膜病变,为临床近视眼的诊治提供及时的信息支持,适用于临床推广。     

无晶体眼折叠型人工晶体悬吊术后角膜地形图分析

目的探讨折叠型人工晶体悬吊术后角膜表面形态、屈光状态的改变。方法对22例无晶体眼行折叠型人工晶体悬吊术,运用角膜地形图仪检测术前及术后1周、1月、3月角膜形态及角膜表面散光值(CYL)、角膜表面非对称指数(SRI)、角膜表面规则指数(SAI)。结果术后角膜地形图图形显示,与手术切口的位置相对应处角膜变陡峭,但随着时间的延长,逐渐恢复至术前状态。术后1周、1月与术前相比CYL、SRI、SAI均增大,差异有显著意义(F=21.810～26.563,t=3.669～7.547,P<0.05),术后3月与术前相比无明显改变(P>0.05)。结论角膜地形图可准确全面反映角膜形态变化,无晶体眼人工晶体悬吊术后角膜地形图图形改变明显,但术后3月趋于稳定;角膜屈光状态在术后3月趋于稳定。     

34例偏高角膜曲率的临床分析

目的:对偏高角膜曲率及正常角膜曲率伴近视眼进行临床对比分析。方法:对偏高角膜屈光力伴近视眼(偏高组)34例65眼,其中男15例,女19例,正常角膜屈光力伴近视眼(正常组)34例68眼,其中男15例,女19例,采用计算机辅助角膜地形图测量偏高角膜屈光力为46.01～48.99D,正常角膜曲率为41.35～45.75D,且角膜地形图均未提示有圆锥角膜的近视眼,对两组资料的屈光度及角膜屈光力、角膜地形图、角膜厚度、角膜散光、眼压进行统计学处理。结果:偏高组与正常组的角膜厚度、眼压统计学上有显著差异,两组最大子午线屈光力(Simk1)与其呈垂直子午线屈光力(Simk2)及最小子午线屈光力(Mink)、角膜散光(△k)、角膜表面规则性指数(SRI)有显著性差异,但两组屈光度与角膜表面非对称性指数(SAI)在统计学上的差异无显著性。结论:偏高组的角膜厚度及眼压值均低于正常组,但偏高组Simk1、Simk2、Mink均高于正常组,且其角膜散光及SRI值大于正常组。     

2000只近视眼角膜表面形态及屈光参数的检测分析

目的 :探讨近视眼的角膜表面形态及屈光参数的变化规律。方法 :用电脑验光仪及计算机辅助的角膜地形图仪为 2 0 0 0只近视眼 (分为低度、中度、高度、超高度 4组 )行验光及角膜摄像分析。以 2 82只正视眼作对照组。结果 :低度、中度、高度及超高度组角膜表面形态近圆形 (圆形及椭圆形 )分别为 2 8.39% ,2 7.73% ,2 8.0 4 % ,2 0 .0 8% ,低于正视组的 4 1.6 8% (P<0 .0 5 ) ;领结形 (对称及非对称领结形 )分别为6 5 .5 1% ,6 5 .91% ,6 4.87% ,72 .32 % ,高于正视组的 5 2 .0 7% (P <0 .0 5 ) ;角膜表面规则指数 (SRI)明显高于正视组 ;角膜表面不规则指数 (SAI)与正视组差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;平均角膜屈光度 (ACP)和散光度(CYL)显著大于正视组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :近视眼角膜表面形态及屈光参数较正视眼有明显变化。LASIK术前详细分析角膜地形图为设计个性化手术方案及预测疗效提供了重要依据。     

偏高角膜曲率与正常角膜曲率伴近视眼的临床对比分析

目的: 选取偏高角膜曲率及正常角膜曲率伴近视眼进行临床对比分析.方法: 选取偏高角膜曲率伴近视眼男15例27眼,女14例26眼,正常角膜曲率伴近视男与女各15例30眼(采用计算机辅助角膜地形图测量偏高角膜曲率为46.02～47.82 D,正常角膜曲率为41.35～45.61 D,且角膜地形图均未提示有圆锥角膜的近视眼),对两组资料的屈光度及角膜地形图、角膜厚度、角膜散光、眼压进行统计学处理.结果: 偏高角膜曲率与正常角膜曲率伴近视眼的角膜厚度、眼压统计学上有显著差异,两组最大子午线屈光力(Simk1)、与其呈垂直子午线屈光力(Simk2)及最小子午线屈光力(Mink)有显著性差异,但两组屈光度、角膜散光(△k)、角膜表面规则性指数(SRI)及角膜表面非对称性指数(SAI)在统计学上无显著性差异.结论: 偏高角膜曲率伴近视眼的角膜厚度及眼压值均低于正常角膜曲率伴近视眼.     

糖尿病患者角膜表面规则性及影响因素的研究

目的:评价糖尿病患者的角膜表面规则性及其与角膜荧光素染色程度、泪膜破裂时间、基础泪液分泌量的关系。方法:应用TMS-1角膜地形图仪检测正常人30例(60只眼)及糖尿病患者60例(120只眼)的角膜表面规则指数(surface regularity index,SRI)、表面不对称指数(surface asymmetry index,SAI)及角膜最好预测矫正视力(potential visual acuity,PVA),并观察糖尿病组和对照组的角膜荧光染色、泪膜破裂时间及Schirmer试验。结果:糖尿病患者的SAI、SRI及PVA值分别为1.03±1.15、1.26±0.17及20/33.62±20/13.79,而正常人分别为0.28±0.17、0.29±0.23及20/17.75±20/3.02。糖尿病患者的SRI和SAI值较正常人明显升高,PVA值则明显降低,各组间比较差异有非常显著性(P<0.001)。在糖尿病患者中,SRI与SAI与角膜荧光染色程度、泪膜破裂时间及Schirmer试验值呈相关性。结论:糖尿病患者的角膜表面不规则性增加可能是导致此类患者视力障碍的原因。SRI和SAI可以作为评价糖尿病患者眼表并发症严重程度的指标。     

青少年屈光不正患者中圆锥角膜的筛查

目的探讨应用计算机辅助Orbscan-Ⅱ角膜地形图检查系统对青少年屈光不正患者进行圆锥角膜筛选的可行性。方法应用计算机辅助Orbscan-Ⅱ角膜地形图检查系统对3213例青少年屈光不正患者进行圆锥角膜筛选检查。结果筛选出62例圆锥角膜患者,104只眼（亚临床期42眼、临床期42眼及角膜后圆锥20眼）。结论应用计算机辅助Orbscan-Ⅱ角膜地形图检查系统可对青少年屈光不正患者常规进行圆锥角膜的筛选,早期诊断圆锥角膜并鉴别筛选出后圆锥角膜,同时提供病变在角膜上的地形分布,避免对患者进行斜弱视治疗或行准分子激光角膜屈光手术。     

角膜屈光手术后继发性圆锥角膜的RGP矫正疗效观察

目的：探讨和分析角膜屈光手术后继发性圆锥角膜的RGP矫正疗效。方法：对我院近两年来接收治疗的111例因眼角膜屈光手术后发生圆锥角膜的患者进行随机抽取,从中选取了84例患者（164眼）作为研究对象,根据研究要求,分为实验组和对照组,每组42例患者（84眼）。让实验组患者进行角膜屈光手术后佩戴硬性透气性角膜接触镜（RGP）进行矫正。而对照组患者进行角膜屈光手术后佩戴普通软性角膜接触镜进行矫正。18个月后,观察两组患者的角膜前后表面曲率和角膜地图的改变情况。结果：经过18个月的矫正,实验组患者在佩戴硬性透气性角膜接触镜（RGP）矫正后的角膜前表面的最陡平均曲率明显下降,并且患者的角膜地形图SRI、SAI、散光都明显减少,PVA提高了很多。而对照组患者在佩戴普通软性角膜接触镜矫正后的角膜地形图无明显改善。结论：在临床上,角膜屈光手术是一种非常常见的眼科手术,通常情况下,在患者手术后都需要进行RGP的矫正,通过RGP的矫正能对患者角膜屈光手术后的圆锥角膜有明显的改善,并且能保持患者角膜的前后表面最平平均曲率,是目前最有效矫正角膜屈光手术的方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.