Organizational citizenship behavior among hospital employees: a multidimensional analysis involving job satisfaction and organizational commitment

As hospitals continue to face intense pressure to control operating costs, many have resorted to staff reductions and other redesign efforts. The remaining employees are frequently asked to do more with less. In these uncertain times, it is important that hospital administrators understand the concept of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and attempt to attract and retain those employees capable of exhibiting such behaviors. This study examined the relationships between three organizational commitment components, as well as job satisfaction (including specific facet measures) and two separate forms of OCB. Usefulness analyses indicated that satisfaction with coworkers and affective commitment were the two most important predictors of one dimension of citizenship behavior, as each construct contributed unique variance in the dependent variable. Implications for future research and practice are provided.     

A research model for relating job characteristics to job satisfaction of university foodservice employees

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between job characteristics and job satisfaction and between demographic variables and job satisfaction for university foodservice employees. A three-part survey was developed which included the 30-item Job Characteristics Inventory, 6 items related to job satisfaction, and 7 demographic items. Separate written questionnaires were administered to 32 managerial and 147 non-managerial employees of a large state university foodservice department. The response rate was 98% (32 managers and 143 non-managers). The reliability for the instrument, as determined by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.88 for employees and 0.91 for supervisors. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to test research hypotheses at a significance level of p less than or equal to .05. There was a positive relationship between job characteristics (autonomy, task identity, feedback, variety, dealing with others, and friendship opportunities) and job satisfaction for both employees and supervisors. Feedback and dealing with others were the individual job characteristics that were significant. Only one job characteristic, dealing with others, was rated higher by managerial than by non-managerial employees. There was no difference in job satisfaction by role (managerial vs. non-managerial) or demographic variables, except age for non-managerial employees. Older, non-managerial employees tended to be more satisfied with their jobs than did younger employees. Dietitians and foodservice managers can use the findings for implementing job design strategies, such as job enrichment and job rotation, to improve employee satisfaction.     

Increasing employee productivity, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment

Healthcare administrators endeavor to maximize the productivity of employees in an era of chaotic change and financial pressure. This study examines five leadership behaviors that were identified through the research of James Kouzes and Barry Posner and measures the use of these behaviors by hospital managers. It then identifies the relationships (both correlational and predictive) between the use of these behaviors and employee productivity, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. The findings of this study have implications for health care managers and executives in identifying critical skills needed by leaders.     

Effects of job rotation and role stress among nurses on job satisfaction and organizational commitment

Background  

The motivation for this study was to investigate how role stress among nurses could affect their job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and whether the job rotation system might encourage nurses to understand, relate to and share the vision of the organization, consequently increasing their job satisfaction and stimulating them to willingly remain in their jobs and commit themselves to the organization. Despite the fact that there have been plenty of studies on job satisfaction, none was specifically addressed to integrate the relational model of job rotation, role stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment among nurses.     

The effect of education on foodservice manager job satisfaction

We conducted a study to determine whether educational background (field of study and level of education) was related to the job satisfaction of foodservice managers. The Index of Organizational Reactions Questionnaire was used to measure specific components of job satisfaction based on a five-point Likert-style scale (1 = low satisfaction, 3 = moderate satisfaction, and 5 = high satisfaction). Questionnaires were mailed to the entire population of 256 foodservice managers employed in college and university dining facilities of a regional division of a major foodservice company in the northeastern United States. Names, titles, positions, and addresses of the managers were obtained from the company's human resources department. Analysis of data was done through computation of the point-biserial correlation coefficient and the rank order correlation coefficient. Managers who responded to the questionnaire (74.6%) indicated moderate overall job satisfaction (mean = 3.42 on a 5-point scale). Of the respondents, 44% had an educational background in foodservice; these respondents had lower overall job satisfaction than did those having no education/training in foodservice. Both groups were most satisfied with the job components of supervision, type of work, and relationship with coworkers. Both groups were least satisfied with pay and benefits, company identification, and amount of work. A significant (p less than .01) positive relationship was found between educational field of study and job satisfaction, and a significant (p less than .001) negative relationship was found between educational level (i.e., degree[s] earned) and job satisfaction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Exploring the impact of mentoring functions on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of new staff nurses

Background  

Although previous studies proved that the implementation of mentoring program is beneficial for enhancing the nursing skills and attitudes, few researchers devoted to exploring the impact of mentoring functions on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of new nurses. In this research we aimed at examining the effects of mentoring functions on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of new nurses in Taiwan's hospitals.     

Impact of nurses' job satisfaction on organizational trust

The matter of organization trust is gaining widespread attention because its perceived value and its erosion. Rampant organizational change has reportedly left nurses feeling betrayed, stressed, and vulnerable. This case study identifies specific aspects of job satisfaction that contribute to organizational trust. Findings offer guidance to the manager intending to create a culture of trust and subsequently promote organizational effectiveness.     

An analysis of relationships among transformational leadership,job satisfaction,organizational commitment and organizational trust in two Turkish hospitals

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among employee organizational commitment, organizational trust, job satisfaction and employees' perceptions of their immediate supervisors' transformational leadership behaviors in Turkey. First, this study examined the relationships among organizational commitment, organizational trust, job satisfaction and transformational leadership in two Turkish public hospitals. Second, this investigation examined how job satisfaction, organizational trust and transformational leadership affect organizational commitment. Moreover, it was aimed to investigate how organizational commitment, job satisfaction and transformational leadership affect organizational trust. A quantitative, cross‐sectional method, self‐administered questionnaire was used for this study. Eight hundred four employees from two public hospitals in Turkey were recruited for collecting data. The overall response rate was 38.14%. The measurement instruments of survey were the Job Satisfaction Survey (developed by P. Spector), the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (developed by J. Meyer and N. Allen), the Organizational Trust Inventory‐short form (developed by L. Cummings and P. Bromiley) and the Transformational Leadership Inventory (TLI) (developed by P. M. Podsakoff). Five‐point Likert scales were used in these measurement instruments. Correlation test (the Pearson's rank test) was used to examine relationships between variables. Also, multiple regression analysis was used to determine the regressors for organizational commitment and organizational trust. There were significant relationships among overall job satisfaction, overall transformational leadership and organizational trust. Regression analyses showed that organizational trust and two job satisfaction dimensions (contingent rewards and communication) were significant predictors for organizational commitment. It was found that one transformational leadership dimension (articulating a vision), two job satisfaction dimensions (pay and supervision) and two organizational commitment dimensions (affective commitment and normative commitment) were significant regressors for organizational trust. There is a lack of research in the health organizations regarding organizational commitment, organizational trust, job satisfaction and transformational leadership. The investigator of the proposed study intends to add to the literature and intends to prove that the proposed study would be important for healthcare organizations. A number of specific measures should be undertaken to reduce factors that negatively affect organizational commitment, organizational trust and job satisfaction of hospital personnel and to improve transformational leadership behaviors of hospital administrators. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The effect of organizational reengineering on job satisfaction for staff in hospital social work departments

The professional staff in five hospital social work departments participated in an exploratory study to assess the impact of organizational reengineering on job satisfaction, professional identity and other work related attitudes. A survey was used to explore how job functions had changed; whether or not staff felt adequately prepared to perform the new tasks; and whether the changes were consistent with their professional identities and academic preparation. Follow up focus group interviews were held to enrich the quantitative findings. The results of the study indicate that reengineering has a negative effect on job satisfaction and results in role changes that are experienced as inconsistent with the professional identity and academic preparation of social work staff. In addition to describing the results of the study, this paper provides a brief overview of reengineering, describes models of reengineering for hospital social work departments and suggests strategies for lessening the negative effect on staff.     

基层军医工作满意度、组织承诺结构模型研究及激励对策

本文对基层军医工作满意度、组织承诺及离职意向进行实证研究,运用因子分析法验证了工作满意度、组织承诺的经典三因素模型,并对各因素进行分析探讨,找出影响基层军医工作满意度、组织承诺的因素并提出改进建议,为军队决策管理提供有益参考。     

工作满意度对护士组织公民行为的影响

目的 探讨工作满意度对护士组织公民行为的影响,为促进护士组织公民行为提供参考。方法 采用明尼苏达满意度问卷、护士组织公民行为量表对郑州市4所三级综合医院379名临床护士进行调查。 结果 护士组织公民行为总均分（4.39±0.46）分,工作满意度总均分（3.91±0.61）分,工作满意度与组织公民行为呈正相关（r = 0.458, P＜0.001）,控制人口学因素后,工作满意度对组织公民行为仍有显著影响（△R2 = 0.201, P＜0.001）,工作条件、管理者满意度对自我发展、主动服务、组织认同影响较大（P＜0.05）,个人责任感、管理者满意度对责任意识、帮助同事影响较大（P＜0.05）。结论 工作满意度可正向预测护士组织公民行为。管理者可通过提高护士工作满意度促进护士组织公民行为。     

Perceptions of job satisfaction relating to affective organisation commitment

Medical Education 2012: 46 : 953–962 Objectives Affective organisation commitment, which refers to a psychological attachment to, and involvement with, an employing institution, is regarded as important because of its effects on employee identification with the employer and its causal effects on work effort and staff retention. This paper explores the experiences of casual tutors facilitating problem‐based learning (PBL) tutorials and aims to identify aspects of their role that strengthen and detract from employee job satisfaction and affective commitment. Methods Qualitative data were gathered from first‐ and second‐year tutors (N = 13) through 2 focus groups. Both clinicians and non‐clinicians were recruited, including highly experienced staff and those with < 12 months of tutoring experience. Results Four main themes arose from inductive analysis of data: job‐related factors; job‐involvement characteristics; professional challenges and responsibilities, and mentoring for learning and support. The first 2 themes are congruent with previous literature on organisation commitment; novel findings include the supportive and compensatory nature of the collegial relationships formed between casual tutors. Role attenuation, a job‐related factor, was a predominant perception as it related to dysfunctional groups and increasing student disengagement with PBL. Conclusions Within the unique learning environment of PBL, positive factors relating to job satisfaction may have an important role to play in improving tutors’ commitment to their employing organisation. Aspects of the role which are viewed most negatively and relate most significantly to affective commitment need to be addressed promptly. Attention should be directed to supporting tutors to maximise the perceived benefits and providing professional development and improved communication to better address issues associated with difficult or disengaged students as well as isolation from decision‐makers.     

The impact of workplace empowerment, organizational trust on staff nurses' work satisfaction and organizational commitment

A predictive, nonexperimental design was used to test Kanter's work empowerment theory in a random sample of 412 staff nurses selected from the professional registry list of a central Canadian province. Kanter argues that work environments that provide access to information, support, resources, and opportunity to learn and develop are empowering and influence employee work attitudes, productivity, and organizational effectiveness. Test results suggest that fostering environments that enhance perceptions of empowerment will have positive effects on organizational members and increase organizational effectiveness.     

Relationship between commitment to hospital goals and job satisfaction: a case study of a nursing department

Why is it that people in the same occupation doing similar work in the same department experience different levels of intrinsic satisfaction? This article sheds light on this question and provides hospital administrators with guidelines for improving employee motivation through intrinsic job satisfaction.     

The relationship of work satisfaction and organizational commitment to retirement intention

The relationship between attitudes, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment has been shown to influence turnover/retirement. This relationship is important because of changing demographic patterns in the U.S. that are contributing to present and future foodservice labor shortages. The labor shortage has potential for retarding the long-term growth of the foodservice industry. However, recruitment and retention of older workers could be a factor in controlling the problem. Therefore, the major purpose of this research was to obtain information from current older foodservice employees to permit the determination of how various aspects of their jobs affect job satisfaction and organizational commitment and, thus, intention to remain on the job by delaying retirement. Non-management-level hospital and college/university foodservice workers aged 55 years and older (no. = 243) were surveyed. Hospital employees were selected from corporate rosters provided by a major contract foodservice company. College and university employees were selected from the roster of the National Association of College and University Food Services (NACUFS). No statistically meaningful relationship (r greater than or equal to .30) between work satisfaction (measured by the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire) and organizational commitment (measured by the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire), as correlated with retirement intention, was found. Although not considered meaningful, a slight statistical relationship was found (r = .15, p less than .02) between intrinsic satisfaction and the desire to delay retirement (work intention).     

The interrelationship of organizational characteristics of magnet hospitals,nursing leadership,and nursing job satisfaction

This study examined whether magnet hospitals continue to provide higher levels of job satisfaction and empowerment among nurses when compared with non-magnet hospitals. Also studied at both types of hospitals was whether job satisfaction discrepancy was interlinked with leadership effectiveness and support of professional nursing practice. Nurses employed at magnet hospitals experienced higher levels of empowerment and job satisfaction due to greater access to work empowerment structures. The elements accounting for differences in empowerment and job satisfaction scores included: (1) greater accessibility of magnet nurse leaders, (2) better support of clinical nurse autonomous decision making by magnet nurse leaders, and (3) greater access to work empowerment structures such as opportunity, information, and resources at magnet hospitals.     

工作嵌入、组织承诺对儿科医务人员工作绩效影响的路径分析

目的:探讨儿科医务人员工作嵌入、组织承诺与工作绩效的关系,为医院管理者提高儿科医务人员的工作绩效提供参考。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法,对某市三级甲等儿童医院194名医务人员进行问卷调查。结果:儿科医务人员的工作绩效得分为(141.38±13.77)分,路径分析结果显示组织承诺对工作绩效有直接正向影响,工作嵌入对工作绩效既有直接又有间接正向影响。结论:医院管理者应“以人为本”,给予儿科医务人员充分的组织支持,使儿科医务人员保持稳定且较高的工作绩效水平。     

监狱干警组织支持感与工作满意度关系

目的 探讨监狱干警组织支持感与工作满意度的关系,以及组织承诺在两者之间的中介作用.方法 采用整群抽样的方法对辽宁省3所监狱的1 048名干警进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 17.0和Amos 7.0软件进行数据分析.结果 监狱警察的组织支持感与工作满意度呈明显正相关(β=0.621,P<0.001),其对工作满意度的变异解释度为38.1%;组织承诺与工作满意度也呈明显的正相关(β=0.287,P<0.001),其对工作满意度的变异解释度为7.6%;组织支持感对工作满意度的直接效应为0.53,间接效应为0.13,总效应为0.66.结论 组织支持感和组织承诺是工作满意度的重要预测变量,组织承诺在组织支持与工作满意度的关系中起部分中介作用,组织支持对工作满意度的直接作用大于间接作用.