海水浸泡对保存血液中2,3-DPG、ATP含量与pH值影响的实验研究

目的观察经海水浸泡的血袋血液2,3-DPG、ATP与pH指标的变化规律,探索海洋环境下血液的运输和保存。方法三种血液制品分为浸泡实验组与对照组,选取海水浸泡前、浸泡72h后、再置4±2℃冰箱保存1、2、3、4、5周各时间点测定成分血液2,3-DPG、ATP的含量与pH值。结果①实验组与对照组比较:2,3-DPGgnATP含量和pH值三种血液制品均有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);②保存时间内各组比较:2,3-DPG含量在LP-RBC浸泡前、浸泡72h和保存1周与保存2～5周P<0.01;AS-RBC浸泡前、浸泡72h和保存1～2周与保存3～5周P<0.01;WB浸泡前、浸泡72h和保存1～3周与保存4～5周P<0.01;ATP含量LP-RBC与AS-RBC各组比较,P<0.05;WB浸泡前、浸泡72h和保存1～2周与保存3～5周比较,P<0.01;pH值在三种血液制品各组两两比较均有统计学差异(P<0.01);③三种血液制品比较:2,3-DPG含量在LP-RBC、AS-RBC与WB实验组P<0.01,ATP含量在三种血液制品组间比较,P>0.05;pH值除LP-RBC与AS-RBC实验组在保存第5周组间无差别外,其余各血液制品间各实验组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论采用相同的血液保养液袋,对血液再包装进行海水浸泡72h,与常规条件下保存血液的2,3-DPG、ATP含量、pH值等指标结果变化趋于一致。     

海水浸泡对保存血液生化指标影响的观察

目的观察海水浸泡对保存血液生化指标的影响。方法制备LP-RBC、AS-RBC和WB三种血液制品,各分为浸泡实验组与对照组,选取海水浸泡前、浸泡72h后、再置4±2℃冰箱保存1、3、5周各时间点,分别测定其血液的三类生化指标。结果①K+和P3+浓度在三种血液制品的实验组与对照组中,各观察点的结果均随保存血液时间的延长而增高(P<0.05或P<0.01);Na+浓度由浸泡前的水平而逐步降低(P<0.01);Cl-测定结果为浸泡72h后其浓度升高,随后观察而又逐步回落(P<0.05或P<0.01);Ca2+在浸泡72h后降低,随后又逐渐上升到浸泡前的水平;Mg2+在三种血液对照与实验组中的含量表现为不均一性;②LDH和HBDH除LP-RBC组浸泡72h后有大幅度降低,随后各点又上升或略高于浸泡前的水平,AS-RBC和WB组的对照与实验组各点均呈递增趋势(P<0.05或P<0.01);其它酶学指标AST、ALT、GGT、AKP和CPK等结果在各组和观测点亦有一定程度的起伏与变化;③Glu含量在LP-RBC、AS-RBC和WB组的对照组与实验组中,均呈逐步降低的水平(P<0.05或P<0.01);UA含量则均呈逐步上升的表现(P<0.05或P<0.01);其它生化指标BUN、Cr、TG和CHOL等测定结果均有程度不同的变化。结论采用相同的血液保养液袋,对血液再包装进行海水浸泡72h,与常规条件下保存血液的主要生化指标所测定的结果变     

水面长航舰载保存血液红细胞质量的实验研究

目的以“神舟六号”发射海上救护血液保障任务为平台,着重探讨和观察经水面长航舰载保存血液出海前后红细胞质量的变化。方法随机采集和制备WB、AS-RBC和LP-RBC各18人份(200ml)。每份血液各等分为4袋,配对设计为实验组(A区、B区和C区)与对照组。分别于长航前和长航后进行血液红细胞质量检测。结果①2,3-DPG、ATP和pH浓度在三种血液制品的实验组与对照组中,各观察点的结果均随保存血液时间的延长而降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);②FHb增高显著,与长航前比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),实验组和对照组之间比较有显著性差异(P<0.01);③MCV长航后对照组与实验组均略低于长航前;RDW结果均随保存时间的延长而增高,与长航前比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),实验组和对照组之间比较无显著性差异;三种血液制品红细胞脆性随着保存时间的延长而增加,与长航前比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),但各对照组与实验组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论长航对血液保存有一定的影响,但总的变化趋势与常规(4±2)℃血库冰箱保存相似。     

水面长航舰载保存血液生化指标的实验研究

目的探讨和观察经水面长航舰载保存血液出海前后对生化指标的影响与变化。方法随机采集和制备WB、AS-RBC和LP-RBC各18人份(200ml)。每份血液各等分为4袋,配对设计为实验组(A区、B区和C区)与对照组。分别于长航前和长航后进行血液生化指标检测。结果①K+和P3+浓度在三种血液制品的实验组与对照组各观察点的结果均随保存血液时间的延长而增高(P<0.05或P<0.01);Na+浓度由长航前的水平而逐步降低(P<0.01);P3+、Mg2+实验组和对照组较长航前增高,Cl-、Ca2+的含量与长航前没有显著变化;②LDH、AST、CKP和HBDH结果实验组和对照组均呈递增趋势,AKP结果实验组和对照组均呈下降表现,ALT与GGT结果在长航前后变化不明显;③Glu指标减低,UA呈上升趋势。结论长航对血液保存有一定的影响,但总的变化趋势与常规(4±2)℃血库冰箱保存相似。此项研究对于我们进一步探索海上血液保障与运输以及血液海上救护均具有十分重要的实用和军事价值。     

库存血液红细胞丙二醛含量的测定

目的探讨库存血液及不同血型间的红细胞丙二醛(MDA)的含量水平。方法应用改良的红细胞脂质过氧化物测定法,对112例无偿献血者,A、B、O、AB血型各28例的血液标本,以及经ACD—B保养液存放的血液置(4±2)℃冰箱中不同时间的红细胞MDA含量的检测。结果112例献血者的红细胞含量与100例正常对照人群的结果近似。前者男、女性别组分别为(0.243±0.03)nmol/g·Hb和(0.258±0.05)nmo1/g·Hb;后者则为(0.237±0.04)nmnol/g·Hb和(0.249±0.06)nmol/g·Hb。库存血液A、B、O、AB型各28例的标本测定其红细胞MDA含量差异不明显。观察经ACD-B保养液存放的血液置(4±2)℃冰箱中,分别在不同时间内观察其MDA含量的变化,P>0.05。结论通过该文所得的指标,更进一步佐证了库存血液的有效存放期限和有效输注血液的安全效应。     

储存时间内红细胞免疫功能的变化

<正>探讨红细胞离体后放于(4±2)℃储血专用冰箱中,在(CPDA)C:枸橼酸三钠;P:磷酸盐;D:葡萄糖;A:腺嘌呤保存液中,储存期内红细胞非特异免疫功能的变化。1材料与方法 1.1标本来源:2013年8月河北省血液中心采集的CPDA保存的无偿献血员红细胞悬液30份,经检测各项指标均符合血液制剂输注标准,可以应用于临床治疗的血液,充分混匀分成6组,每组分别装于一次性塑料小血袋中,每袋20 mL,置(4±     

探析血液保存时间及温度条件差异对红细胞功能的影响

目的探讨血液保存时间及温度条件差异对红细胞功能的影响。方法将当日采集的80例CPDA-1新鲜抗凝全血,分离血浆后制备成悬浮红细胞,并将其分别储存于25、16、10、4℃冰箱,分别作为25℃组(n=20)、16℃组(n=20)、10℃组(n=20)、4℃组(n=20)。分别于24 h(T_1)、7 d(T_2)、14 d(T_3)、21 d(T_4)测定四组血样的氧亲和力及携氧量。结果在T_1、T_2、T_3、T_4时,25℃组、16℃组、10℃组、4℃组血液氧亲和力、携氧量组间比较差异有统计学意义,同一时间点下,随着温度升高,血液的氧亲和力、携氧量水平逐渐降低;同一温度下,随着时间推移,血液的氧亲和力、携氧量逐渐降低;均有P<0.05。结论血液的保存时间及保存温度对红细胞功能影响明显,时间延长、4℃后温度越高,血液的氧亲和力、携氧能力越差。     

CPDA液保存库血红细胞免疫功能的测定

目的：观察CPDA液保存库血的红细胞免疫功能．方法：将48例自愿献血者的静脉血保存在CPDA液中，并分别在当日、1周、3周、6周测定红细胞免疫功能．结果：当日CPDA１血袋内血液红细胞C3b受体花环百分率（RCR）为（16．00±5.21）％；红细胞免疫复合物花环率（RICR）为（9.00±9．83）％；血浆免疫粘连抑制因子（RIAIF）为（30．00±3．16）％；血清免疫粘连增强因子（RFER）为（51．30±7．29）％；随血液保存时间的延长RCR、RICR、RFER逐渐下降，但1周内与对照组（新鲜血）比较无显著差异，3周后明显下降（P＜0．05），RIAIF逐渐升高，3周后明显升高（P＜0.05）．即红细胞免疫粘附促进率和抑制率与红细胞C3b受体活性分别呈正、负相关．结论：库存血随保存时间的延长红细胞免疫功能逐渐下降.     

红细胞保存液混悬洗涤红细胞的质量观察

目的探究红细胞保存液(MAP)混悬洗涤红细胞的质量控制。方法将制备的红细胞溶液放置在4℃冰箱中保存,在14 d、21 d、35 d选取样本,检测其溶血率,35 d检测溶液中的血红蛋白含量、上清蛋白含量。结果 21 d与14 d溶血率相比、35 d与21 d溶血率相比均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);血红蛋白含量、上清蛋白含量符合国家规定的应用标准。结论随着保存时间的延长,样品的溶血率不断升高,35 d以内均符合国家制定的标准,但洗涤红细胞在21 d的保存期内应用效果最佳。     

0℃对CPD-A液保存全血脂质过氧化反应的影响

目的 :探讨降低保存温度对血液保存过程中脂质过氧化反应和红细胞变形性 (ED)的影响。方法 :采用化学比色法分别于保存 1d、7d、2 1d、35 d检测 CPD- A液 0℃保存全血红细胞及血浆丙二醛 (MDA )含量 ;红细胞及血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、全血过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、全血谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶 (GPD)活性 ,血浆总抗氧化能力 (AOA) ,全血谷胱苷肽 (GSH)含量。结果 :2 1d起 0℃保存全血的红细胞及血浆 MDA含量低于 4℃保存 ;2 1d起 0℃保存红细胞 SOD及血浆 SOD活力 ,血浆CAT活力及 AOA、全血 GPD活性及 GSH含量高于 4℃保存 ;2 1d起红细胞滤过指数 (IF)低于 4℃保存 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :红细胞的保存损伤与血液的过氧化反应有关 ,降低保存温度可在一定程度上减轻血液的过氧化反应 ,提高红细胞变形能力     

Hematological parameters in tench Tinca tinca after short term exposure to lead

Alterations in the hematological parameters of Tinca tinca were studied after exposure to lead at different concentrations and durations of exposure. Dose of 75/24 (ppm/h) did not cause significant change in any blood parameter. The 300/48 dose caused a significant increase in hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and a significant decrease in red blood cell (RBC) count and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The 30/24 dose caused a significant increase in Hct and RBC count only. The 30/96 dose caused a significant increase in Hct and a significant decrease in MCHC only. The 30/504 dose caused a significant decrease in RBC count and a significant increase in MCV and MCH. The 75/96 dose caused a significant increase in Hct and a significant decrease in MCH and MCHC. The 75/504 dose caused a significant decrease in Hct, hemoglobin (Hb) and RBC count, and a significant increase in MCV and MCH. These alterations were attributed to direct or feedback responses of structural damage to RBC membranes resulting in hemolysis and impairment in hemoglobin synthesis, stress related release of RBCs from the spleen and hypoxia, induced by exposure to lead.     

血常规检验诊断缺铁性贫血的临床价值分析

目的探究对缺铁性贫血患者采取血常规检验进行诊断的临床价值。方法 80例贫血患者,按贫血类型不同分为对照组(缺铁性贫血)与研究组(地中海贫血),每组40例。两组均接受血常规检验。比较两组患者红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)以及平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)。结果研究组红细胞计数(3.13±0.92)×10¹²/L、平均红细胞体积(64.99±1.78)fl、红细胞分布宽度(12.35±0.82)%低于对照组的(5.21±1.51)×10¹²/L、(77.54±3.58)fl、(20.05±1.32)%,血红蛋白(108.54±12.76)g/L、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(24.25±2.33)pg、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(321.58±5.22)g/L高于对照组的(82.11±10.78)g/L、(22.51±1.56)pg、(278.33±4.21)g/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对缺铁性贫血患者采取血常规检验能有效区分缺铁性贫血与地中海贫血,利于为病情的进一步治疗做好准备,临床检验价值显著,值得推广应用。     

黄芪及其复方治疗小儿中间型β地中海贫血的临床观察及护理体会

目的:探讨黄芪及其复方治疗小儿中间型β地中海贫血的护理方法。方法:将40例中间型β地中海贫血的患儿按1∶1∶1随机分为复方中药组、单味黄芪组及安慰剂对照组。90 d为1个疗程,治疗前及治疗30,60,90 d,分别取患儿的手指末梢血检测血常规﹝观察血红蛋白(Hb)、外周血红细胞总数(RBC)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)、平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)﹞。以碱性血红蛋白电泳,检测胎儿血红蛋白(HbF)比例及含量。结果:复方中药组9例中有效6例,无效3例,总有效率66.74%;单味黄芪组12例中显效1例,有效7例,无效4例,总有效率66.74%;安慰剂对照组9例中有效6例,无效3例,总有效率11.30%,复方中药组和单味黄芪组与安慰剂对照组的总有效率比较,差异有统计意义(P0.05)。患儿的Hb,RBC,MCH血液指标明显提高,各组治疗前后患儿Hb,RBC和MCH差异均有统计意义(P0.05)。结论:黄芪及其复方对小儿中间型β地中海贫血有较好疗效,同时结合耐心细致的护理十分重要,可减少并发症,提高临床疗效。     

Aggregation inhibiting and anticoagulant effects of oligoamines. 13. Improvement in the storage of whole blood and erythrocyte suspensions with oligoamines

The impairment of the functions of red blood cells or their destruction during storage can be delayed or even inhibited by oligoamines especially RE 1492 (N,N',N'-Tris-(4-phenylbutyl)benzene-1,3,5-trimethanamine). When citrated whole blood (WB) is stored at 4 degrees C for 7 d half of the red blood cells (RBC) have lost their ability to form rouleaux. Addition of 100 mumols/L RE 1492 maintains 50% reaggregability up to day 28th of storage. When citrated WB is stored at 37 degrees C the reaggregability has declined to 40 percent after 10 h. With 100 mumols/L RE 1492 no reduction of this property is observed up to 48 h. These results are correlated with the maintainance of the discocyte form of RBC and a persistent filtrability of RBC suspensions through a 5 microns microporous membrane. With 100 mumols/L RE 1492 only one fifth of the haemolysis of untreated WB occurs. The efflux of potassium ions from RBC into the blood plasma during a 72 h storage is bisected by RE 1492. The binding of oxygen to RBC remains unchanged.     

Toxicological impact of inhaled electric mosquito-repellent liquid on the rat: a hematological,cytokine indications,oxidative stress and tumor markers

Abstract

Context: High malaria burden has led to the increased use of insecticides in the tropics and subtropics. This study thus aimed at assessing the hematological effects alteration of pyrethroid insecticide exposure using the experimental animal model.

Objective: A commonly available Electric Mosquito-Repellent Liquid pyrethroid insecticide containing prallethrin 1.6% w/w is widely used for mosquito control in Saudi Arabia. The immunotoxic effects after inhalation exposures to the preparation for a continuous period of 24, 48, and 72?h were investigated in rats.

Methods and materials: Rats were exposed to prallethrin 1.6% w/w by inhalation for 72 consecutive hours. Total blood count, blood indices of creatine kinase (CK), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin (IL)-2, tumor necrosis factors (TNF)α, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19.9 and carcinoembrionic antigen (CEA) were assayed.

Results: The administration of prallethrin 1.6% w/w created significant increased changes in the levels of total WBC, lymphocytes, RBC, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, platelets, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin in rats after 24, 48, and 72?h of continuous inhalation; however, there was a significant reduction in neutrophils at transient reduction in the monocytes after 24 and 48?h to return to normal after 72?h. Significant increases in the levels of CK, γ-GT, SOD, NO, MDA, AFP, IL-2, and TNFα were recorded. CA and CEA did not exhibit any change.

Conclusions: Continuous inhalation to prallethrin 1.6% insecticides poses toxicity on hematological variables. It is also concluded that pyrethroid group of insecticide may cause hematological, biochemical, cytokine disturbances and possible mutagenic damage to the tissues.     

养血口服液治疗产后贫血临床疗效探讨

目的观察养血口服液治疗产后贫血的临床疗效,为临床用药提供依据。方法将2010年2月～2011年5月期间收治的120例产后贫血妇女随机分为治疗组及对照组,每组60例。其中治疗组给予养血口服液口服,每次1支,每日2次;对照组给予速力菲0.1g,每日3次,4周一疗程。对比观察两组治疗前、后红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞容积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、网织红细胞计数(RC)情况及疗效判定情况。结果治疗组总有效率96.67%,对照组总有效率90%;两组对比治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异明显具有统计学意义。两组比较治疗组起效速度明显快于对照组,差异明显有统计学意义。两组比较治疗组疗效快于对照组,差异明显有统计学意义。两组血红蛋白治疗前、后情况对比治疗组治疗后较治疗前疗效明显,具有统计学意义。对照组治疗后较治疗前疗效明显具有统计学意义。治疗组治疗后较对照组治疗后疗效明显,具有统计学意义。结论养血口服液补血速度快、血色素升高迅速、不良反应少是治疗产后贫血的最佳药物。     

Hematological and plasma biochemical responses of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) to intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins with the possible mechanisms of anemia

Alterations in hematological indices such as decreases in blood cell counts (RBC), hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations are key symptoms of anemia. However, few experiments were conducted to examine changes in hematological indices of fish exposed to microcystins that are believed to be fatal to circulatory systems of vertebrates. An acute toxicological experiment was designed to study hematological changes of crucian carp injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with extracted microcystins at two doses, 50 and 200 μg MC-LReq kg⁻¹ body weight. After being i.p. injected with microcystins, the fish exhibited behavioral abnormity. There were significant decreases in RBC in the high-dose group, and in Ht and Hb concentrations in both dose groups, while erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) significantly increased, indicating the appearance of normocytic anemia. There were no prominent changes in the three red cell indices, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Increases in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CR) in both dose groups suggest the occurrence of kidney impairment. Alteration in blood indices was reversible at the low dose group. Conclusively, anemia induced by kidney impairment was a key factor to cause abnormity of swimming behaviors and high mortality of crucian carp.