腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎退变不稳的手术治疗

目的：评价腰椎间盘切除联合椎弓根螺钉系统与椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎间盘突出症并退变性腰椎不稳的手术疗效。方法：对18例腰椎间盘突出症合并退变性腰椎不稳患者采用腰椎间盘切除联合椎弓根螺钉系统与椎间植骨融合术治疗。结果：所有病例随访6个月-4年。18例患者手术后临床疗效评价,优12例、良5例、可1例,术后4-6个月植骨融合节段骨性愈合17例,1例1年后复查椎间愈合失败,所有椎弓根内固定装置均未失效,患者的症状改善。结论：腰椎间盘切除联合椎弓根螺钉系统与椎间植骨融合是腰椎间盘突出症合并退变性腰椎不稳的有效治疗方案。     

腰椎间盘突出症合并退变性腰椎不稳的治疗

目的：评价腰椎间盘切除联合椎弓根螺钉系统与椎间植骨融合在治疗腰椎间盘突出症并退变性腰椎不稳的手术疗效。方法：对76例腰椎间盘突出症合并退变性腰椎不稳患者采用腰椎间盘切除联合椎弓根螺钉系统与椎间植骨融合术治疗。结果：所有病例随访1．5～8年，平均32．53个月。76例患者手术后临床疗效评价，优57例、良16例、可3例．融合区均骨性愈合，未见假关节形成和根性疼痛复发．椎间高度及复位程度无丢失。结论：腰椎间盘切除联合椎弓根螺钉系统与椎间植骨融合是腰椎间盘突出症并退变性腰椎不稳的有效治疗方案。     

腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症和腰椎管狭窄症手术方式的选择

目的：探讨腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症和腰椎管狭窄症治疗方法的选择。方法：应用后路椎弓根螺钉固定不稳节段,开窗间盘切除、横突间植骨融合术治疗腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症26例,椎管减压、椎间融合器融合术治疗腰椎不稳症合并腰椎管狭窄症29例,比较不同手术的时间、出血量、疗效及并发症。结果：后路椎弓根螺钉固定、椎管减压术、椎间融合器融合术治疗腰椎不稳症合并腰椎管狭窄症手术时间长、出血量最多,手术效果良好,术后腰腿痛基本缓解,可长时间步行,所有29例患者椎间植骨均融合;26例患者后路椎弓根螺钉固定、开窗间盘切除、横突间植骨融合术治疗腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症者平均复位丢失率为8.3%,其中3枚螺钉松动、1例螺钉断裂。结论：腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症者宜选用后路椎弓根螺钉固定不稳节段,开窗间盘切除,横突间植骨融合术;腰椎不稳症合并腰椎管狭窄症者宜选用后路椎弓根螺钉固定不稳节段,椎管减压,椎间融合器融合术。     

后路椎弓根螺钉内固定合并椎间融合术治疗腰椎不稳症的临床观察

目的观察后路椎弓根螺钉内固定合并椎间融合术治疗腰椎不稳症的临床疗效。方法对78例腰椎不稳症患者行腰椎管减压、后路椎弓根螺钉内固定合并椎间融合器植入融合术。结果术后随访6～24个月,78例患者优58例,良15例,可4例,差1例,优良率93.6%。植骨融合率93.6%。均未出现神经根损伤、感染、脑脊液漏及椎间隙感染等并发症。结论 椎弓根螺钉内固定合并椎间融合器植入手术是目前比较适合于腰椎不稳症的治疗手段。     

单侧椎弓根螺钉对侧椎板螺钉联合后路椎间融合术治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴腰椎不稳的疗效观察

目的 比较传统后路椎弓根螺钉联合椎间融合术和单侧椎弓根螺钉对侧椎板螺钉联合后路椎间融合术治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴腰椎不稳的临床疗效。方法 2011年3月至2014年12月,我院共收治70例腰椎间盘突出症伴腰椎不稳,其中35例采用传统后路椎弓根螺钉联合椎间融合术治疗,35例采用单侧椎弓根螺钉对侧椎板螺钉联合后路椎间融合术治疗,比较两组的临床疗效和安全性。结果 观察组手术时间、术后引流时间与对照组无明显差异,而术中出血量和住院费用观察组明显低于对照组,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术前、术后1月和末次随访两组JOA评分无明显差异（P>0.05）;观察组无退变率明显高于对照组,其差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);两组均融合完好,未发生内固定松动,术后均未产生神经症状,无假关节形成及椎间隙感染。结论 单侧椎弓根螺钉对侧椎板螺钉联合后路椎间融合术治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴腰椎不稳可获得可靠的近期稳定性,且对邻近节段退变影响较小,且术中创伤较小,住院费用低,值得临床推广。     

内固定治疗椎间孔型腰椎间盘突出症20例

目的探讨短节段椎弓根螺钉固定植骨融合术治疗高位椎间孔型腰椎间盘突出症的治疗方法和效果。方法采用短节段椎弓根螺钉固定植骨融合术治疗高位椎间孔型腰椎间盘突出症20例,对病例进行追踪随访,对诊断、治疗、结果进行回顾性分析。结果经治病例均获得满意疗效,无脊椎不稳或脊柱滑脱发生。结论短节段椎弓根螺钉固定植骨融合术是治疗高位椎间孔型腰椎间盘突出症的有效方法,可较好地预防腰椎间盘突出症术后各种并发症的发生。     

椎弓根螺钉内固定＋后路椎体间融合术在腰椎疾患中的应用

目的本文探讨椎弓根螺钉内固定＋后路椎体间融合术在腰椎滑脱、腰椎间盘突出症（腰突症）合并腰椎管狭窄、腰椎不稳等腰椎疾患治疗中应用的临床疗效。方法 26例腰椎疾患患者行椎弓根螺钉内固定＋后路椎体间融合手术,术后进行了Oswestry疗效评分和影响学观察。结果随访6～24个月,其中优良率、植骨融合率达92.1%,腰椎脊柱的的序列和椎管容积恢复率〉90%。结论椎弓根螺钉内固定＋后路椎体间融合术在腰椎滑脱、腰突症合并椎管狭窄、腰椎不稳等腰椎疾患中疗效满意,植骨融合率良好。     

椎弓根内固定加植骨治疗腰椎间盘退变性下腰椎不稳症

①目的探讨使用椎弓根内固定加植骨治疗腰椎间盘退变性下腰椎不稳症的临床价值。②方法对34例患者实施椎板减压、椎间盘髓核摘除,同时进行小关节突及横突间植骨,椎弓根螺钉系统固定。③结果术后随访3个月~2年,无神经损伤及螺钉安置不当需二次手术的病例,未出现骨不连及下腰椎不稳复发,优良率达97%。④结论椎弓根内固定加植骨是治疗腰椎间盘退变性下腰椎不稳症的较好方法。     

腰椎间盘突出伴腰椎失稳的手术治疗

目的探讨应用椎板开窗、髓核摘除、椎弓根螺钉内固定、脊柱后侧植骨融合治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴腰椎失稳。方法自2003～2006年,我院对11例腰椎间盘突出症患者,其中男7例、女4例,行腰椎动力位摄片、CT、MRI检查,证实全组病例均合并有不同程度的腰椎失稳症,有腰椎间盘突出的共13个间隙。本组均采用椎板开窗、髓核摘除,失稳节段横突间、小关节、椎板植骨、椎弓根螺钉内固定融合术。结果术后随访1～3年,患者症状体征明显改善,优10例、良1例;植骨融合率达100％,未发现螺钉断裂、松动和其它手术相关并发症。结论腰椎间盘突出症伴腰椎失稳,采用后路椎弓根螺钉系统固定、横突间、小关节、椎板植骨融合术,可以取得良好的疗效。     

单侧固定治疗腰椎间盘突出并腰椎不稳症

目的探讨后路半椎板减压、单侧椎弓根螺钉固定、椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎间盘突出并腰椎不稳症的临床疗效。方法 2007年1月-2010年1月对42例腰椎间盘突出并腰椎不稳症的患者采用后路单侧椎弓根螺钉固定、单侧椎板切除减压、髓核摘除、椎间植骨融合治疗,术前常规摄腰椎正侧位、腰椎过伸过屈动力位片、CT及MRI,了解椎管狭窄及椎体不稳程度;术后1周带腰围或佩戴支具下床活动。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,术后患者腰痛及下肢麻木、疼痛症状均明显缓解,40例均获得随访,随访时间8-24个月,平均18个月。根据JOA（日本骨科协会评估治疗分数）评分评估神经功能改善率的评定标准,优良率85%。X线片显示椎间植骨融合良好。结论经后路单侧椎弓根螺钉固定、单侧椎板切除减压、髓核摘除、椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎间盘突出并腰椎不稳症效果优良,具有创伤小、风险小、医疗费用少等优点,但远期疗效仍需进一步随访及研究。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.