2006年-2011年老年住院患者疾病及死亡原因分析

目的分析老年住院患者患病情况,掌握老年疾病发展规律,为老年疾病的防治和管理提供临床资料。方法采用我院病案统计室2006年至2011年出院病案首页信息,按国际疾病分类(ICD-10)标准进行分类统计分析。结果 60岁以上老年患者33656例,占总出院人数37.35%。前五位系统疾病是循环系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、神经疾病、肿瘤,占老年住院患者总数的75.37%。前五位死因是肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病和神经系统疾病,占老年患者总死亡数的88.60%。前十位病种中心脑血管疾病是威胁老年人健康的主要疾病。前十位死因病种中主要是心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤。结论老年患者占住院总人数的比例较高,威胁老年人健康的主要疾病是循环系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、神经系统疾病和肿瘤,也是老年患者死亡主要原因。     

17，102例老年住院病人疾病构成分析

目的 探讨老年住院病人疾病的构成和特点。方法 回顾性分析17,102例（年龄≥60岁）老年住院病人出院病案资料。结果 男性病人始终高于女性病人;65岁～69岁、70岁～74岁、80岁及以上3个年龄段的老年病人居多,共占老年住院病人总人数的64．29％;前4位系统疾病依次为：循环系统疾病、损伤、中毒和外因的某些其他后果、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病。结论 应本着预防为主的原则,做到预防、保健、医疗的紧密结合,有效防止老年疾病发生,促进老年身心健康。     

516例住院患者死因分析

目的：了解我院住院患者的主要死亡原因及其变化趋势。方法：采用《国际疾病分类》ICD-10对我院2003-2010年住院患者原始病案资料进行疾病分类,统计出院患者的族别、性别等。结果：前8位死因是恶性肿瘤、新生儿疾病、循环系统疾病、损伤与中毒、传染病、呼吸系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、消化系统疾病。结论：加强死因顺位前8位疾病的防治工作,可以提高人群的健康水平和生命质量。     

三亚市住院患者死亡病因分析

目的：了解三亚市的疾病发展动态,为防病治病提供可参考依据。方法对三亚市15年住院死亡2180份病案进行疾病构成分析,以国际疾病分类ICD-10为依据,所有数据采用软件Excel进行统计分析。结果前五位死因：(1)损伤与中毒;(2)循环系统疾病;(3)呼吸系统疾病;(4)肿瘤;(5)消化系统疾病。恶性肿瘤死亡为190例,约占8.7%;前五位为肺恶性肿瘤、肝恶性肿瘤、白血病、胃恶性肿瘤、胰恶性肿瘤。结论应重点加强死因顺位前5位疾病的防治,以降低住院病死率,提高广大人民的健康水平。     

某综合医院2006-2010年住院死亡病例分析

目的探讨住院死亡病例疾病构成特点。方法对某院2006年-2010年住院死亡病案资料进行回顾性分析。结果病死率0.75%,男性死亡病例多于女性,死亡者以60岁以上病人为主（61.01%）,前五位死因分别为循环系统疾病（35.20%）、呼吸系统疾病（15.03%）、恶性肿瘤（14.07%）、损伤与中毒（11.3%）以及消化系统疾病（9.31%）。结论应重点加强对循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤等重点疾病的防治,降低病死率,提高居民生命质量。     

307例消化系统恶性肿瘤分类构成分析

目的对消化系统恶性肿瘤进行分类构成分析,为肿瘤的预防和控制提供依据。方法利用本院病案统计室住院病案首页信息。根据《国际疾病分类》ICD-10的分类原则以出院第一诊断进行统计。结论消化系统恶性肿瘤病人所占比例在逐年增长且有年轻化的趋势,应引起重视。     

26610例老年住院患者疾病构成统计分析

目的探讨老年住院患者的疾病构成,为老年患者疾病的治疗和老年人的预防保健提供参考。方法从HIS系统中获取资料,利用Excel进行描述性统计分析。结果老年住院患者逐年增多;男性明显多于女性;60～69岁年龄段病人占老年患者总数的一半以上;循环系统疾病、消化系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、肿瘤、泌尿生殖系统疾病分列系统疾病的前五位;单病种前10位顺位中,循环系统疾病占4种;肿瘤病人死亡人数最多,其中肺癌病人死亡数排首位。结论加强老年病人重点人群、重点疾病的预防和治疗,建立良好的老年保健体制,满足不同层次老年人的需要。     

住院病人死亡原因十年分析

目的：探讨我院4554例住院病人的死亡原因及其变化趋势。方法：收集我院1995-2004年住院死亡病案4554份，对其病死率、死因构成等进行统计分析。结果：死因构成的前五位分别是循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、损伤与中毒和外因的某些后果、消化系统疾病占90．62％。结论：加强死因顺位前五名疾病的防治工作，降低住院死亡率，提高居民的健康水平和生命质量。     

2146例住院死亡病例分析

为了解我院2000-2005年住院病人死亡原因及疾病谱,收集整理6年所有住院病案资料,共计178387例,其中死亡人数2146例,并依据ICD-10对其进行疾病分类。结果,出院病人每年增加,病人死亡率逐年下降;死因顺位,前五位依次为恶性肿瘤、循环系统、损伤及中毒、消化系统和呼吸系统疾病。病死人数男性高于女性,男女之比约为2.2∶1;41岁至61岁年龄组病死率增高明显,61岁年龄组病死率高达23.11%(253/2146)。2000年至2005年,住院病人病死率逐年递减,说明我院医疗工作的整体水平在不断提高。     

云南省2017年～2019年老年患者疾病谱分析

  目的  描述与分析云南省60岁以上老年患者疾病谱及变化。  方法  通过国家卫生统计信息网络直报系统,对2017年1月至2019年12月全省政府办医院出院老年患者的病案首页信息进行系统的整理、分析,按照国际疾病分类（ICD-10）系统进行分类统计。   结果  2017～2019年平均出院4375 768人次,其中60岁及以上老年人平均每年1330 437人次,占比为30.40%。循环系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织以及泌尿生殖系统位居疾病系统前5位,占到全部疾病的66.30%;脑血管病、慢性下呼吸道疾病、胆石病和胆囊炎、椎间盘疾病和肾衰竭分别位列上述系统疾病的首位;慢性下呼吸道疾病、缺血性心脏病、脑梗死、高血压、恶性肿瘤是老年人住院主要疾病;肺结核居于传染病首位;   结论  慢性非传染性疾病已经成为危害云南省老年人健康的主要原因,这将对云南省本身薄弱的老年人健康管理系统提出挑战。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.