妊娠晚期羊水过少与围产儿结局的临床分析

目的 探讨羊水过少与围产儿不良结局的关系，寻找处理羊水过少的正确方法，降低围产儿的病死率。方法 对羊水过少的84例临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 羊水过少患者的羊水粪染率、胎儿窘迫率、新生儿窒息率、剖宫产率均明显高于羊水正常组。结论 羊水过少是引起围产儿不良结局的重要原因。     

羊水过少与围产儿预后239例临床分析

本文对239例羊水过少和200例羊水正常(对照组)产妇羊水量,羊水性状与围产儿预后的关系分析表明,羊水量愈少(与正常羊水量比),围产儿预后愈差;两组羊水Ⅲ度粪染围产儿预后较Ⅰ～Ⅱ度差,而Ⅲ度粪染之间比较围产儿预后无差异,说明羊水Ⅲ度粪染是影响围产儿预后的重要因素.进一步分析两组羊水Ⅲ度粪染的发生率,羊水过少组为40.59%,显著高于对照组的9.00%(P<0.01),表明羊水量愈少,围产儿预后愈差的原因乃在于其Ⅲ度粪染的发生率高.特别是羊水量<50ml 组,其Ⅲ度粪染的发生率高达53.40%,围产儿重度窒息率达34.04%,病死率191.14‰,是羊水过少中影响围产儿预后的最严重情况.处理中对仅有羊水过少而无其他高危因素及破膜后羊水清亮者,如产程进展顺利,估计短期内可经阴道分娩者多可成功,否则以剖宫产结束分娩为宜.     

48例羊水过少的病因及对围生儿影响

妊娠晚期随着孕周的增加,羊水逐渐减少。羊水过少出现越早,围生儿预后越差。羊水对外界刺激具有缓冲作用,羊水过少使脐带受压,胎儿窘迫等发生率明显增加。羊水过少是一种妊娠并发症,围生儿病率及死亡率均较高。所以分析羊水过少的病因及对围生儿的影响,可以指导正确的处理方法,可以有效降低围生儿的病死率。羊水过少确诊后,如果出     

羊水过少与胎儿宫内窘迫

本文对185例羊水过少作了临床分析,认为其与过期妊娠、妊高征、胎儿宫内发育迟缓及妊娠期肝内胆汁郁积症有较密切的关系;羊水过少的胎儿窒息发生率及围产儿死亡率均明显高于对照组、按照羊水过少的羊水量分析,围产儿死亡率在0～100ml,101～200ml,201～300ml者各为44.12‰,26.31‰及0‰,故本文认为以羊水过少量定义以<200ml为宜。     

羊水过少698例临床分析

目的：探讨羊水过少与妊娠并发症的相关性及对围生儿的影响,寻找正确处理方法,降低围生儿病死率。方法：回顾性分析2006年5月—2009年12月住院分娩的698例羊水过少及同期13 642例非羊水过少妊娠妇女的情况,比较2组病因、妊娠并发症、分娩方式和围生儿结局。结果：过期妊娠羊水过少者的发生率为12.11%。羊水过少组过期妊娠、子痫前期、胎儿生长受限、胎儿畸形和死胎发生率及胎儿宫内窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息和脐带绕颈发生率高于对照组;羊水过少者阴道分娩的新生儿窒息率高于剖宫产产妇（均P <0.01）。结论：羊水过少是一种妊娠并发症,严重影响围生儿预后。一旦确诊,产前综合监护均正常者,可阴道试产,但必须严密监护胎心;适当放宽剖宫产指征,以降低新生儿窒息率。     

羊水过少的胎儿治疗

本文详细论述了羊水过少的诊断标准、羊水注入法的适应症及副作用。目前尚未见报道关于羊水过少的有效治疗方法,笔者认为羊水过少的胎儿治疗可使羊水过少所致的胎心变异减速及胎心减慢的发生率明显下降,尤其可使因脐带因素导致胎儿窘迫的剖宫产率明显下降。     

羊水过少147例临床分析

分析了上海新华医院１９９２年１月至１９９４年１２月羊水过少１４７例，发生率２．６９％。结果表明：羊水过少高发于４０至４１＾＋６孕周间，占５３．７４％；５５便高危妊娠合并羊水过少者多发生于４０孕周前，占６９．０９％；１４７便中出现胎儿窘迫者５３例；低Ａｐｇａｒ评分者９例，无１例围产儿死亡。用Ｂ超羊水指数作为监测羊水量的指标，符合率９７．６７％，提示可作为及早发现羊水过少的可靠方法，以剖宫产尽快结束分     

500例妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症围生结局分析

目的:探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)的围生结局。方法:对成都市妇女儿童中心医院2007年1月至2011年1月住院分娩的500例ICP病例进行回顾性分析,将ICP分为轻度和重度,观察其围生结局;选择正常孕妇300例为对照组。结果:①重度、轻度ICP分别为126、374例,两组和对照组平均孕周分别为35.1±1.2周、37.4±1.6周和39.2±1.9周,早产率分别为96.4%、16.6%和4.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②重度组羊水粪染、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息发生率明显高于轻度。③2例围生儿死亡,均为重度病例。结论:对ICP患者进行分度诊断和处理,有助于改善围生儿预后。     

Intrapartum transcervical amnioinfusion for meconium-stained amniotic fluid.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the rates of cesarean deliveries and perinatal outcome following intrapartum transcervical amnioinfusion in women with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) in a setting with no electronic fetal monitoring or specialized neonatal care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective comparative study with 150 women who were in labor and had MSAF, 50 of the women received a transcervical amnioinfusion and the remaining 100 women received standard care. The inclusion criteria were a pregnancy of at least 37 weeks' duration, a single live fetus in cephalic presentation, no major medical or obstetric complications, and no known fetal malformation. The amnioinfusion was performed with 1000 mL of normal saline solution through a red rubber catheter. RESULTS: Amnioinfusion was associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of low Apgar score (<7) at 1 min (12% vs. 47%; relative risk [RR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12-0.56); low Apgar score at 5 min (4% vs. 23%; RR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.04-0.71); and meconium aspiration syndrome (4% vs. 18%; RR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.05-0.92). There was also a trend towards a lesser incidence of cesarean deliveries (18% vs. 30%; RR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.31-1.16) and perinatal deaths (4% vs. 13%; RR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.07-1.31). The incidence of maternal hospital stays longer than 3 days was significantly lower in the amnioinfusion than in the control group (24% vs. 48%; RR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.29-0.85). There were no major complications related to amnioinfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Intrapartum amnioinfusion for MSAF is a simple, safe, effective, and inexpensive procedure feasible in settings where intrapartum monitoring is limited. It is associated with improved perinatal outcome and could lower cesarean delivery rates in low-resource countries.     

Significance of assay of nucleated RBCs in umbilical cord blood in neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid

Background: Approximately 8–15% of all infants are born with evidence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). MSAF is a potentially serious sign of fetal compromise and may indicate fetal hypoxia

Objectives and aim of the work: The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between meconium stained amniotic fluid and fetal nucleated red blood cell counts. As well, we aim to evaluate the relationship between the presence of meconium in amniotic fluid and Apgar scores in neonates.

Subjects and methods: A prospectively case-controlled study was performed on 40 women with clear amniotic fluid as control and 40 women with meconium-stained amniotic fluid as the study group. At delivery, 2?ml of umbilical cord blood was collected and analyzed for nucleated red blood cell (NRBC).

Results: The mean NRBC counts in meconium-stained amniotic fluid was significantly higher than the control group (18.35?±?7.7 and 9.6?±?4.96), respectively (p?p?Conclusion: Our results support previous studies which indicate the presence of meconium can be associated with chronic fetal hypoxia as demonstrated by elevated fetal NRBC levels.     

羊水乳酸水平对羊水粪染病例胎儿窘迫的诊断价值

目的探讨羊水乳酸水平在羊水粪染病例中诊断胎儿窘迫的临床价值。方法2003年8月至2004年12月暨南大学第二临床医学院测定72例第一产程活跃期出现羊水粪染(观察组)和52例羊水清、胎儿监护图形正常且有良好新生儿结局(对照组)的羊水及新生儿脐动脉血乳酸水平。结果对照组羊水乳酸值近似正态分布,其95%参考值为5.4~8.9mmol/L。对照组活跃期和分娩时羊水乳酸水平差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。羊水Ⅲ度粪染的羊水乳酸水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。羊水Ⅰ度及Ⅱ度粪染而胎儿监护正常的病例羊水乳酸值与对照组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。但羊水Ⅱ度粪染合并胎心基线异常或(和)重度变异减速病例的羊水乳酸水平明显升高(P<0.01)。观察组发生胎儿窘迫及新生儿窒息的病例,其活跃期羊水乳酸水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。以活跃期羊水乳酸值>8.9mmol/L为异常值来诊断胎儿窘迫发生的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为61.9%、88.2%、68.4%和84.9%。结论羊水乳酸值测定对提高羊水粪染病例胎儿窘迫的诊断准确性有一定临床价值。     

Low Amniotic Fluid Index at Term as a Predictor of Adverse Perinatal Outcome

Aim

To determine whether an antepartum low amniotic fluid index (AFI) is a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome in normal pregnancy and to determine a threshold level of AFI that could predict an adverse outcome.

Methods

This was a prospective study conducted among 180 pregnant women at 37–40 weeks of gestation with no known obstetric or medical complications with an AFI ≤ 5th percentile. The results were statistically analyzed and compared.

Results

In the control group, the mean AFI was 10.14 cm and in the study group, it was 4.14 cm. 65 % patients in the study group and 24 % in the control group had a non-reactive non-stress Test. In the control group, 53 % of patients were induced for reasons other than oligohydramnios, while in the study group, 86 % of patients were induced for oligohydramnios. Among the control group, 33 % had a LSCS, while 67 % delivered vaginally; and in the study group, 34 % delivered vaginally and 66 % had a LSCS. In our study, a 5-min APGAR < 7 was seen in 34 % in the study group and 11 % in the control group. 33 % neonates in the control group and 64 % in the study group had birth weights <2.5 kg.

Conclusions

In the presence of oligohydramnios, perinatal morbidity and mortality are high. Determination of AFI is a valuable screening test for predicting fetal distress.     

延期妊娠并发羊水过少66例临床分析

目的 探讨延期妊娠并发羊水过少对母婴的影响。方法 采用回顾性分析方法,对延期妊娠分娩的产妇羊水正常组２３１例及羊水过少组６６例进行对比分析。结果 羊水过少组中羊水Ⅱ组度以上粪染、胎盘成熟度Ⅲ＾＋级及胎盘钙化、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息率、引产率、产后出血率及剖宫产率均显著高于羊水正常组。结论 羊水过少是胎和宫内慢性缺氧最敏感的特异性指标,不论是延期妊娠还是过期妊娠,一经确诊应积极引产,估计短时间内不能分     

An analysis of the indications for cesarean section in a teaching hospital in China

Objectives

Cesarean delivery rates have increased remarkably worldwide. The indications for this increase are not fully understood and there may be regional, ethnic or health system differences in quoted indications which may explain, at least in part, the observed changes. In 2008 China was cited as having one of the highest rates of cesarean delivery in the world, but there was no accurate information about the indications for the high rate. This study sought to provide some information about the high cesarean section rate in China.

Study design

Data on all births in a university teaching hospital in northern China serving a general obstetric population, excluding premature births, were collected from the hospital database from January 2009 to September 2012. All indications on the mode of delivery were analyzed for live births.

Results

There were 5267 births and the cesarean delivery rate was 41.4% in the study period. There was no significant trend in the cesarean delivery rate from 2009 to 2012. Fetal indications contributed most to the rate. More than 50% of all cesarean deliveries were due to nuchal cord, previous cesarean delivery, fetal distress and malpresentation. The rate of cesarean delivery on maternal request was 9.07%. Smaller contributions to the indications for cesarean delivery came from cephalopelvic disproportion, preeclampsia, prolonged labor, uterine rupture and other obstetric conditions.

Conclusion

The data show increased fetal or maternal risk assessments are the main indications for cesarean delivery rather than cesarean delivery on maternal request in China.     

The assessment of fetal pulmonary maturity by fluorescence polarization (FP-value) of pooled vaginal amniotic fluid associated with ruptured membranes

This prospective study was undertaken to examine the reliability of fluorescence polarization (FP) readings on amniotic fluid collected from the posterior fornix of the vagina after membranes have ruptured. This method was chosen because it is as accurate as the L/S ratio, but it is simpler, faster and requires only 0.5 ml of sample. Forty-seven out of 55 patients were eligible for the study, for a success rate of 85%. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurred in one out of 29 neonates with FP in the mature or low risk group. In the high risk group for RDS, 7 out of 12 developed the syndrome. In 11 patients, FP-values obtained from transabdominal amniocentesis were not significantly different from those obtained from pooled vagina amniotic fluid once membranes were ruptured. Analysis of pooled vaginal amniotic fluid is simple, non-invasive and capable of being performed with a high rate of success. FP-values from properly collected pooled vaginal amniotic fluid can be used in the assessment of functional fetal lung maturity.     

羊水栓塞14例临床分析

目的 探讨羊水栓塞的临床特点和综合防治措施.方法 回顾性分析羊水栓塞患者的临床资料,通过分析高危因素、临床特点及分娩结局,探讨羊水栓塞的综合防治措施.结果 石家庄市妇产医院2012年1月1日至2017年12月31日羊水栓塞发生率为1/9426(10.6/10万),经产妇比例为78.6％,产科干预6例为42.9％,且62...