母儿血型不合溶血病的病因及治疗

母儿血型不合是指由于母体与胎儿间血型不合产生的同种异源免疫性疾病,在我国发病率不到1%。血型抗原是红细胞膜上蛋白质的特异性物质,它具有免疫活性并由遗传基因所决定。人类已发现包括ABO、Rh、MN等26个血型系统和400多种血型抗原。如果胎儿从父方获得的血型抗原恰为母方所缺少,此抗原可通过胎盘进入母体,刺激母体产生相应的抗体,抗体又通过胎盘进入胎儿体内,抗原抗体反应使胎儿红细胞发生凝集与破坏而出现溶血,引起胎儿新生儿溶血性疾病(haemolytic disease of the fetus andnewborn,HDF)。HDF可引起孕妇发生早产、流产、死胎、羊…     

Severe anti-C hemolytic disease of the newborn.

OBJECTIVE: Because of referral of a C-alloimmunized pregnant woman with a previous hydropic death whose fetus survived after four intraperitoneal transfusions, prevalence and severity of anti-C hemolytic disease of the newborn were investigated. STUDY DESIGN: The numbers of C- or Ce-alloimmunized pregnancies in Manitoban women and their outcome for the 28-year period ending Oct. 31, 1990, were reviewed. The literature relating to C or Ce alloimmunization from 1944 to 1990 was surveyed. RESULTS: In Manitoba for the period reviewed there were 120 pregnancies in 80 C- or Ce-alloimmunized women. Twenty-two ended in abortion and two in fetal death unrelated to anti-C or anti-Ce. Of the remaining 96, 33 fetuses of 32 pregnancies were affected but only eight (6.7%) required treatment after birth. None were severely affected. In the literature there are only three other reported deaths from C or Ce hemolytic disease; two of the three may have been the same patient. The prevalence of C or Ce alloimmunization reported in various series, including our own, ranged from 8.7 to 185 per 100,000 pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS: Because on rare occasions, C or Ce alloimmunization can cause severe hemolytic disease, criteria for investigative measures such as amniocentesis or cordocentesis do not differ from the criteria for instituting these measures in Rho (D)-alloimmunized pregnancies.     

Severe hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-c

Two cases of severe hemolytic disease of the newborn due to c-isoimmunization are presented. Both women were multiparous, had previous blood transfusion and high maternal titers of anti-c (1:1024 and 1:4036, respectively).     

Severe hemolytic disease of the newborn from anti-e.

Maternal antibody-mediated fetal red blood cell destruction secondary to non-D Rhesus (Rh) antibodies is a significant cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Here, we report a rare case of severe HDN associated with maternal antibody to Rh e. In addition to severe anemia, the infant developed thrombocytopenia, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia and cholelithiasis. Resolution of the infant's cholelithiasis occurred following treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid.