Collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test in human breast cancer

The efficacy of the collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) was estimated clinically among breast cancer patients to select a rational chemotherapy. Twenty-five specimens of breast cancer (n=21) or lymph nodes (n=4) were investigated. Four anticancer drugs (5-Fluorouracil, Adriamycin (ADM), Docetaxel (DOC), Paclitaxel (PTX)) were estimated for CD-DST. Sixteen samples among 25 samples (64.0%) seemed to be worth estimation. The chemosensitivity values were as follows: 5-FU 30.8%, ADM 30.8%, DOC 53.8% and PTX 46.2%, respectively. Thus, CD-DST may predict the chemosensitivity with high accuracy in breast cancer patients and seems to be superior to the conventional predictors.     

An in vitro chemosensitivity test for solid human tumors using collagen gel droplet embedded cultures

In vitro chemosensitivity testing using a collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST), was conducted with several types of solid cancer. The overall evaluable rate was 80% (443/554), including 76% for lung (n=243), 78% for breast (n=110), 87% for gastric (n=62), 83% for colorectal (n=107) cancers and 88% for 32 metastatic brain tumors. The in vitro sensitivity of breast, gastric and colorectal cancers to mitomycin C (MMC), cisplatin (CDDP), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and doxorubicin (DXR) was similar to the efficacy rates reported for each drug. This was also observed with lung cancer, the sensitivity of which to MMC, CDDP, vindesine (VDS) and etoposide (VP-16) was similar to the clinical efficacy. The clinical response to chemotherapy was compared with the results of in vitro chemosensitivity testing in Il patients: the clinical correlation was 91%, with a 80% true positive and 100% true negative rate. These results suggest that the CD-DST may be clinically useful by allowing the prediction of clinical response in various solid cancers.     

胶滴肿瘤药敏检测技术(CD-DST)的建立及初步临床应用研究

目的建立胶滴肿瘤体外药敏检测技术,探讨其在肿瘤个体化治疗中应用的可行性。方法用人类肿瘤细胞系建立胶滴肿瘤体外药敏检测技术,并用该技术对50例不同肿瘤类型的原代肿瘤标本进行体外药敏检测实验研究,每种肿瘤标本分别进行了4～5种抗肿瘤药物的敏感性测定。结果在体外成功建立了胶滴肿瘤药敏检测技术,标本整体评价率为82.0%(41/50),检测结果与临床经验有效率间有较好的符合性。结论CD-DST体外肿瘤药敏检测技术是一种较好的药敏检测方法,标本可评价率为82.0%(41/50),所需标本量小,可反映病人对不同抗肿瘤药物敏感性的差异,检测结果与临床经验有效率有较好的符合性,对抗肿瘤药物的体外筛选和对个体化治疗具有实际应用价值。     

Relationship between the anti-metastatic effect of UFT and in vitro chemosensitivity to 5-FU in metastatic tumors from orthotopic implanted colon cancer in nude rats

We have investigated the correlation between the in vitro chemosensitivity to 5-FU, measured using the collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST), and the anti-tumor effect of UFT, a prodrug of 5-FU, in metastatic tumors from orthotopic implanted colon cancer in nude rats. Human colon cancer cells (KM12SM) were injected into the cecal wall of the nude rats. Five weeks later, the implanted cecal tumors were removed. Oral UFT (a daily dose of 30 mg/kg) was administered postoperatively for four weeks. After the UFT administration period, the lung and lymph nodes were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically. In vitro chemosensitivity to 5-FU in the lung and lymph node metastases was tested using CD-DST, and the enzymatic activities of thymidine synthetase (TS) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) in the lung and lymph node metastases were measured. A daily administration of UFT produced an inhibitory effect on lung metastasis compared with the control group. However, there was no difference in the frequency of lymph node metastasis. The inhibition rate produced by 5-FU in CD-DST was significantly higher for lung metastases than for lymph node metastases. There was no difference in the TS and DPD activities between the metastatic tumoral tissues. These results suggest that the organ specificity of the anti-tumor effects of UFT on colon metastases may be determined by CD-DST of 5-FU for individual tumors. The TS and DPD activity in the tumoral tissues may not affect the organ specificity of the anti-tumor effect of UFT on colon metastases.     

乳腺癌的TECIA法药敏试验及其临床应用价值

目的探讨组织培养-终点染色计算机图像分析（TECIA）法体外肿瘤药敏试验对乳腺癌化疗的临床应用价值。方法选取2005年9月至2008年9月本院手术的46例乳腺癌标本,采用TECIA法进行化疗药物敏感性的体外检测。所测药物为乳腺癌常用化疗药物紫杉醇（PTX）、诺维本（NVB）、多柔比星（ADM）、氨甲喋呤（MTX）、5-氟脲嘧啶（5-FU）、顺铂（DDP）及联合化疗TA（PTX＋ADM）、NP（NVB＋DDP）、CAF（CTX＋ADM＋5-FU）、CMF（CTx＋MTX＋5-FU）方案。化疗药物敏感性差异的比较,采用多个样本率的χ^2检验。结果46例乳腺癌对化疗药物的敏感性为：PTX60．9％（28／46）、NVB58．7％（27／46）、ADM56．5％（27／46）、MTX37．0％（17／46）、5-FU 34．8％（16／46）、DDP26．1％（12／46）;PTX、NVB、ADM、MTX之间及5-FU和DDP之间比较,敏感率差异均无统计学意义（χ^2=6．724,P=0．081;χ^2=0．821,P=0．365）,PTX、NVB比5-FU、DDP的敏感率高,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．003）;TA、NP、CAF和CMF方案的敏感率分别为71．7％（33／46）、67．4％（31／46）、45．7%（21／46）、39．1％（18／46）,但TA与NP方案、CAF与CMF方案比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．007）;TA和NP方案比CAF和CMF方案的敏感率高,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．007）。PTX、NVB及含有此类药物的联合化疗方案的敏感性较高,化疗药物敏感性存在个体差异。结论TECIA法体外肿瘤药敏试验在乳腺癌的化疗用药方面具有指导意义。     

化疗药物敏感试验指导原发性肝细胞癌术后化疗的临床研究

目的:探讨体外化疗敏感试验ATP-TCA系统对化疗药物疗效的评估作用,利用该系统指导肝细胞癌(hepatocelluarcarcinoma,HCC)患者的临床个体化疗。方法:获取50个HCC手术标本,采用ATP-TCA系统评估5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、丝裂霉素(MMC)、顺铂(DDP)、草酸铂(OXA)、表阿霉素(EPI)、健择(GEM)、伊利替康(CPT-11)、依托泊苷(Vp-16)和多西他赛(PTX)化疗药物的疗效。23例HCC患者接受术后ATP-TCA指导临床化疗,同时以20例HCC患者作为对照,观察临床疗效。结果:ATP-TCA系统可评估率为90·8%。对各种化疗药物部分-强敏感率分别为PTX46%、CPT-1144%、GEM36%、MMC14%、EPI12%、DDP8%、Vp-166%、OXA6%和5-FU4%;观察终点ATP-TCA组疗效指标(CR、PR、SD和PD)获得较好结果,P=0·008;观察期实验组和对照组患者死亡率差异无统计学意义,P=0·763;实验组较对照组在病情缓解率(ORR)以及手术后生存期及无疾病进展生存方面表现出明显的优势,P值分别为0·0430、0·0057和0·0045。结论:ATP-TCA系统可以成功地应用于HCC患者。PTX、CPT-11和GEM对HCC具有较高疗效;根据体外药物敏感方案进行个体化疗,部分患者在病情缓解时间(TTP)以及手术后生存期方面获益。肿瘤防治杂志,2005,12(19):1457-1461     

Chemosensitivity of lung cancer: Differences between the primary lesion and lymph node metastasis

In this study, chemosensitivity tests were performed on both primary lesions (PLs) and lymph node metastases (LMs) from surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Differences between the results obtained were evaluated. Operative specimens were obtained from 13 patients with NSCLC [6 with squamous cell carcinoma (SQ) and 7 with adenocarcinoma (AD)] whose lymph nodes were confirmed to be positive for metastasis. Both the PL and LM from the same patient were examined immediately after resection. The collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) was used as the chemosensitivity test against six anticancer drugs [5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin, gemcitabine, docetaxel, vinorelbine and SN-38 (an active metabolite of irinotecan)]. When the growth rate, determined by the T/C ratio (T, signal for viable cells in the treated group and C, signal in the control) was less than 50%, the tumor cells were considered to be sensitive to the drug. Only in 4 cases (2 SQ and 2 AD) was the chemosensitivity of the primary lesion identical to that of LM. In the SQ cases, chemosensitivity of the primary lesions to 5-FU tended to be consistent with that of LMs. In contrast, the primary lesions in 4 of the 7 AD cases were negative for chemosensitivity to 5-FU; however, LMs were sensitive. In many cases, the chemosensitivity of the PLs to each anticancer drug differed from that of the LMs. In conclusion, both primary and metastatic tumors should be examined to ensure maximum clinical efficacy of in vitro drug-sensitivity testing for adjuvant chemotherapy after complete resection of n1 and n2 NSCLC.     

体外化疗药物敏感实验对指导原发性肝癌个体化疗的临床意义

背景与目的:肝细胞癌(肝癌)化学治疗效果差。为了提高化疗效果,本研究采用体外化疗敏感实验——三磷酸腺苷肿瘤化疗药物敏感实验(adenosinetriphosphatetumorchemosensitivityassay,ATP鄄TCA)系统评估化疗药物,并利用该系统指导肝癌患者临床个体化疗。方法:获取50个原发性肝癌手术标本,采用ATP鄄TCA系统评估5鄄氟尿嘧啶(5鄄fluorouracil,5鄄FU)、丝裂霉素(mitomycin,MMC)、顺铂(cisplatin,DDP)、草酸铂(oxaliplatin,OXA)、表阿霉素(epirubicin,EPI)、健择(gemcitabine,GEM)、伊立替康(irinotecan,CPT鄄11)、足叶乙甙(etoposide,VP鄄16)和泰素(paclitaxel,PTX)等化疗药物;23例肝癌患者术后接受ATP鄄TCA系统指导临床化疗,同时以20例接受手术及常规治疗的肝癌患者作为对照,观察162周临床疗效。结果:ATP鄄TCA系统结果可评估率为90.8%。肝癌细胞对各种化疗药物中鄄高度敏感率分别为:泰素46%、伊立替康44%、健择36%、丝裂霉素14%、表阿霉素12%、顺铂8%、足叶乙甙6%、草酸铂6%以及5鄄氟尿嘧啶4%;临床结果:临床研究观察终点ATP鄄TCA组与对照组比较,PR、CR、SD及观察期内患者死亡率两组之间无显著性差异;然而对照组有较高病情进展发生率(60.00%vs.13.04%,P=0.003);ATP鄄TCA组较对照组在总病情缓解率(60.86%vs.30.00%,P=0.043)、平均手术后总生存期(78.91周vs.27.21周,P=0.006)及手术后无疾病进展生存期(30.52周vs.4.78周,P=0.005)方面表现出明显优势。结论:ATP鄄TCA系统可以成功用于评估肝癌标本。泰素、伊立替康和健择有较高的体外抗肝癌活性。ATP鄄TCA系统指导肝癌个体化疗有可能提高患者无疾病进展生存期和总生存期。     

Prediction of chemotherapeutic response by collagen gel droplet embedded culture-drug sensitivity test in human breast cancers

Collagen gel droplet embedded culture-drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) is the newly developed in vitro chemosensitivity test that has several advantages over the conventional ones. The aim of the present study is to examine the clinical usefulness of this test in the prediction of response to chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Seventy patients with primary (n = 45) or locally recurrent (n = 25) breast cancers were recruited, and each patient underwent tumor biopsy before chemotherapy. The biopsy specimens were used for CD-DST and immunohistological examination of 6 biological markers (P-gp, erbB2, p53, BCL2, MIB1 and ER-alpha). As chemotherapy, cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2) plus epirubicin 60 mg/m(2) q3w (CE, n = 28) or docetaxel 60 mg/m(2) q3w (DOC, n = 42) was given. Interpretable results using the CD-DST assay were obtained from 84.3% (59/70) of tumor specimens studied. Of the 18 tumors diagnosed as CE sensitive by CD-DST, 15 (83.3%) exhibited a response to CE therapy and none of the 5 tumors diagnosed as CE resistant by CD-DST exhibited a response to CE therapy. Of the 14 tumors diagnosed as DOC sensitive by CD-DST, 13 (92.9%) exhibited a response to DOC therapy and only one of the 22 tumors diagnosed as DOC resistant by CD-DST exhibited a response to DOC therapy. P-gp expression was found to exhibit a significant (p < 0.05) association with the resistance to CE therapy but not to DOC therapy. Diagnostic accuracy (72.7%) achieved by P-gp was lower than that (87.0%) achieved by CD-DST in CE therapy. Expressions of other biological markers (erbB2, p53, BCL2, MIB1 and ER-alpha) were not significantly associated with response to CE or DOC therapy. These results demonstrate that CD-DST can predict the response to CE and DOC therapy with a high accuracy in breast cancer patients and seems to be superior to the conventional predictors.     

ATP生物荧光肿瘤药敏检测技术在乳腺癌化疗中的应用研究

目的 探讨ATP生物荧光肿瘤药敏检测技术(ATP-TCA)在乳腺癌化疗中的应用价值。方法 取40例乳腺癌改良根治术、淋巴结活检和胸腔积液标本进行ATP-TCA药敏检测。结果 ATP-TCA肿瘤药敏检测技术在乳腺癌标本中的可评价率为90％(36/40);化疗药物对乳腺癌的杀伤作用具有较强的个体差异性;10种化疗药物的敏感率分别为:氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)33.3％、顺铂(DDP)37.5％、环磷酰胺(CTX)29.2％、足叶乙苷(VP-16)16.7％、丝裂霉素(MMC)22.0％、表阿霉素(EPI)41.7％、诺维本(NVB)45.8％、阿霉素(ADM)41.70k、泰素(PTX)54.2％、羟基喜树碱(HCPT)25.0％。初步研究表明ATP-TCA体外检测结果与实际临床疗效具有良好的相关性。结论 ATP-TCA检测技术是一种准确、可靠的肿瘤药敏检测技术。该技术检测结果与临床实际疗效具有较好的相关性,可用于指导乳腺癌化疗和化疗药物的新适应证研究。     

A case of marked efficacy of low-dose UFT against metastatic bladder cancer

The two regimens of treatment consisted of either cisplatin and gemcitabine or methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin(M-VAC), which has been widely adopted for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. But because of its potential toxicity, its tolerability has been troublesome, especially for very elderly patients. Herein, we report a bladder cancer case with multiple metastases which were controlled by low-dose UFT. At the same time, the chemosensitivity of 5-FU combined with uracylor 5-chloro-2, 4-dihydroxypyridine(CDHP). Four invasive bladder cancer cell lines were evaluated with a collagen gel droplet embedded drug sensitivity test(CD-DST). Three of four cell lines showed an increasing sensitivity to 5-FU with the combination of uracilor CDHP. Examinations with CD-DST may provide important scientific evidence for determining suitable chemotherapy for patients with advanced bladder cancer.     

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy for postoperative recurrence in non-small cell lung cancer patients: relation of the in vitro chemosensitive test to clinical response

The usefulness of the in vitro chemosensitivity test, the collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug- sensitivity test (CD-DST, Int J Oncol 11: 449, 1997), in cisplatin-based combined chemotherapy for postoperative recurrent tumors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients was retrospectively analyzed. CD-DST data for cisplatin (or carboplatin), etoposide, 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and vindesine were obtained in 311 surgically resected primary lesions. Of them, 25 patients were practically treated with first-line cisplatin- or carboplatin-based chemotherapy for postoperative initial recurrence. Nine (36%) of them responded to the combined chemotherapy for recurrent lesions, including one with complete remission, whereas 16 did not, with no change in 5 and progression in 11. Seven (70%) of 10 patients receiving combined chemotherapy using two or three in vitro sensitive chemoagents showed good responses, whereas there was no responder among the patients receiving chemotherapy including no in vitro sensitive chemoagents. In particular, of 11 patients showing good sensitivity to cisplatin or carboplatin on CD-DST, 8 (73%) responded to chemotherapy, whereas only one (7%) of 14 patients showing cisplatin- or carboplatin-resistance on CD-DST was a responder. Thus, CD-DST results for the chemoagents, especially cisplatin or carboplatin, correlated with chemotherapeutic response, indicating that the CD-DST analysis of surgically resected primary NSCLC tumors is a practically useful indicator of the clinical effect of first-line cisplatin-based combined chemotherapy for postoperative recurrence.     

老年胃癌原发灶与淋巴结转移灶体外化疗药敏性的差异及意义

目的比较老年胃癌原发灶与淋巴结转移灶体外化疗药敏性的差异并探讨其意义。方法对35例伴淋巴结转移的老年胃癌患者(≥60岁)和31例对照组胃癌患者(<60岁)的肿瘤原发灶、淋巴结转移灶进行MTT法原代细胞培养化疗药敏性实验,比较不同病灶肿瘤细胞对11种化疗药物敏感性的差异。结果老年组患者有6/11种化疗药物对原发灶、淋巴结转移灶的肿瘤细胞抑制率不同(均P<0.05),其中L-OHP、CDDP、MMC、THP对转移淋巴结肿瘤细胞抑制率明显低于原发灶(均P<0.05),PTX、EPI对原发灶肿瘤细胞抑制率明显低于淋巴结转移灶(均P<0.05)。与对照组比较,原发灶5-FU、PTX、EPI、MMC、MTX对老年患者肿瘤细胞抑制率低于对照组(均P<0.05);转移灶中5-FU、L-OHP、CDDP对老年患者肿瘤细胞抑制率较对照组降低(均P<0.05)。结论老年胃癌淋巴结转移灶对化疗药物敏感性与原发灶及对照组比较均存在异质性;老年肿瘤原发灶的化疗药敏性结果不能准确反映转移淋巴结的耐药性。     

Thymidylate synthase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activities in non-small cell lung cancer tissues: relationship with in vitro sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil.

We examined enzymatic activities of thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues to determine the relationship to tumor sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). TS and DPD activities were measured in 60 surgically resected primary NSCLC tissues using a TS-binding assay and a radioenzyme assay, respectively. In vitro tumor sensitivity to 5-FU was assayed using a collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug test (CD-DST). DPD activities slightly correlated with in vitro sensitivity to 5-FU (r=0.402,P=0.013), such that tumors with higher DPD activity were more resistant to 5-FU. In contrast, no correlation was observed in TS activities. Thus, it was suggested that only DPD activity in NSCLC tissues is a potential indicator in predicting tumor sensitivity to 5-FU. Based on these results, further study is needed to evaluate the clinical significance of these enzymes in 5-FU-based chemotherapy for patients with NSCLC.     

应用CD-DST法比较吡柔比星和表柔比星在乳腺癌中敏感性的研究

目的 通过对比乳腺癌原代培养细胞对吡柔比星和表柔比星的药物敏感性,来评估吡柔比星和表柔比星在乳腺癌中敏感性的差别,并进一步指导临床化疗药物的选择.方法 收集天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺中心129例原发性乳腺癌患者的新鲜癌组织,采用胶原凝胶体包埋肿瘤细胞原代培养法培养原代乳腺癌细胞,检测其对吡柔比星和表柔比星的敏感性.结...     

氟尿嘧啶和奥沙利铂在胃癌中的体外化疗敏感性检测

目的：探讨氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）和奥沙利铂（OX）在胃癌中的体外化疗敏感性。方法：纳入病理确诊并自愿接受检测的胃癌患者,采用ATP肿瘤化疗敏感性检测法（ ATP-TCA）检测新鲜手术标本对5-FU和OX的体外化疗敏感性。结果：纳入27例,男性21例、女性6例,中位年龄60．0岁,远侧部胃癌14例（51．9%）,低分化及印戒细胞癌共20例（74．1%）,TNM Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期21例（77．8%）。 ATP-TCA检测显示5-FU＋OX在各药物浓度的肿瘤生长抑制率均显著高于5-FU或OX（P〈0．05）,5-FU＋OX的抑制曲线下面积显著高于5-FU或OX（P〈0．05）;而其化疗敏感指数、IC90和IC50显著低于5-FU或OX （ P〈0．05）。5-FU、OX和5-FU＋OX的体外化疗敏感性依次为18．5%、14．8%和55．6%,5-FU＋OX的敏感性显著高于5-FU或OX（5-FU＋OX vs．5-FU：P=0．001和5-FU＋OX vs． OX：P=0．003）。 Logistic回归分析显示5-FU的敏感性与临床病理特征无显著相关性,而OX和5-FU＋OX的敏感性分别与Borrmann分型（OR=7．570,P=0．025）和肿瘤位置（OR=3．427,P=0．019）有显著相关性。结论：5-FU＋OX在胃癌中显示出较高的体外化疗敏感性,但其与体内疗效的相关性有待进一步临床观察。     

LZTS1的表达与乳腺癌化疗药物敏感性关系的研究

目的 探讨亮氨酸拉链肿瘤抑制基因1(leucine zipper tumor suppressor 1,LZTS1)与乳腺癌化疗药物敏感性的关系.方法 对122例乳腺癌手术标本行体外胶滴包埋原代细胞培养药敏检测(collagen gel droplet-embed-ded culture-drug sensitivity test,CD-DST),检测分析LZTS1表达与化疗药物敏感性的关系.免疫组织化学检测278例经新辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者活检样本中LZTS1蛋白表达情况,分析其与临床病理特征的关系.观察LZTS1表达与化疗药物敏感性及化疗反应的关系.结果 122例乳腺癌中LZTS1表达与紫杉醇及长春瑞滨的化疗药物敏感性呈正相关(r=0.311,r=0.206;均P<0.05),与其他药物(表柔比星、氟尿嘧啶及顺铂)敏感性无相关性(r=0.121,r=0.083,r=0.017;均P>0.05).Logistic回归分析显示,含紫杉醇方案(紫杉醇+多柔比星、紫杉醇+表柔比星或紫杉醇+表柔比星+环磷酰胺)化疗的乳腺癌患者的LZTS1表达情况可作为预测病理完全缓解的指标(P<0.01).结论 以紫杉醇为基础化疗方案的乳腺癌中,LZTS1可作为预测化疗反应的新指标.     

Evaluation of 5-fluorouracil applicability by multi-point collagen gel droplet embedded drug sensitivity test

The drug sensitivity of tumor cells is one of key issues to explore individualized therapy for cancer patients. One of such methods is in vitro anticancer drug sensitivity test which is generally based on one drug concentration and contact time. In this study, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sensitivity of cancer cells from colorectal cancer patients was evaluated by collagen gel droplet embedded drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) under multiple drug concentrations and contact durations. Cancer cells from 19 patients were measured for 9 drug concentration/contact time conditions (cohort 1) and from 34 patients were measured for 2 drug concentration/contact time conditions (cohort 2) using CD-DST. There was not significant difference in growth inhibition rate for 1.0 microg/ml for 24 h and 0.2 microg/ml for 120 h, which gives the same area under the curve (AUC) (p=0.832) in all 53 patients (cohort 1 and 2). In cohort 1, 9 conditions were successfully measured in 18 of 19 cohort 1 patients (94.7%). The drug concentrations and growth inhibition rate approximated to logarithmic curve for all 3 contact times and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values at 3 contact times could be calculated in these 18 patients. Growth inhibition rate and AUC also approximated to logarithmic curve. These values varied several orders of magnitude among patients. In vitro antitumor effect of 5-FU depended on AUC in colorectal tumor and it might support the use of continuous infusion or oral therapy which generates significant AUC with manageable toxicity. Some patients demonstrating low 5-FU sensitivity could not be indicated for 5-FU based therapy, and non-5-FU therapy should be explored for them.     

Successful analysis of anticancer drug sensitivity by CD-DST using pleural fluid and ascites from patients with advanced ovarian cancer: case reports

In vitro anticancer drug sensitivity tests have been performed for various types of cancers, and a relationship with clinical response has been observed. The collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) is a new in vitro anticancer drug sensitivity test by Yabushita et al., recently reported to be useful in ovarian cancer. CD-DST allows analysis of a small number of cells, compared to other anticancer drug sensitivity tests. Here, we report a successful analysis of anticancer drug sensitivity by CD-DST using cancerous ascites and pleural fluid samples from 2 patients with advanced ovarian cancer. To our knowledge, this is only the second report of the application of CD-DST in ovarian cancer, and our results suggest that CD-DST could be helpful in the selection of anticancer drugs for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer.     

Comparison of succinic dehydrogenase inhibition test with adenosine triphosphate inhibition assay for human solid tumors as in vitro chemosensitivity tests

In order to determine the most effective anticancer agents for individual human tumor, succinic dehydrogenase inhibition test (SDI-T) and adenosine triphosphate inhibition assay (ATP-A) as in vitro chemosensitivity tests were performed. Fifty tumors and 57 tumors derived from cancer patients surgically methods were examined by SDI-T and ATP-A respectively. As the results, the evaluable rate was 70% by SDI-T and 94.7% by ATP-A, respectively. With SDI-T, the positive rate against all tumors was 51.4% in mitomycin-C (MMC), 42.9% in adriamycin (ADM), 20.0% in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 54.3% in cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP). On the other hand, with ATP-A, that was 20.4% in MMC, 29.5% in ADM, 20.6% in 5-FU, 20.4% in CDDP, respectively. Retrospective and prospective clinical trials were also carried out to determine the usefulness of both assays. With SDI-T, overall predictive accuracy rate was 57.1% while with ATP-A that was 88.9%. Furthermore, the rates of sensitivity for the same tumors using SDI-T and ATP-A were compared. The rate of the same sensitive cases in both assays were 30% with MMC, 70% with 5-FU, 42.1% with ADM, 36.8% with CDDP, respectively. In conclusion, it is suggested that ATP-A was more useful than SDI-T as in vitro chemosensitivity test to determine the most adequate drug for cancer patients.