CTA与DSA诊断颅内动脉瘤的临床应用分析

目的 探讨以数字减影血管造影(DSA)为标准,评价头颈部CT血管造影检查(CTA)对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法 选取151例疑似脑动脉瘤患者,行CTA及DSA检查。以DSA检查结果为标准,评价CTA的诊断准确性。结果 经DSA检查确诊颅内动脉瘤的患者114例,CTA诊断检出率、特异度、灵敏度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为95.61%、95.61%、100.00%、100.00%、88.10%。对于直径d <3 mm的动脉瘤,CTA的诊断准确性低于DSA (P=0.036)。CTA诊断时间为(16.21±2.14) min,短于DSA诊断时间(25.68±4.11) min(t=21.436,P <0.001)。结论CTA与DSA相比对颅内动脉瘤具有较高的灵敏度和特异度,但对于直径d <3 mm的动脉瘤,CTA的检出率和灵敏度会降低且CTA明显缩短了检查时间。     

下肢动脉硬化性闭塞病的CTA,3D CE-MRA和DSA对照分析

本文通过CT血管成像(CT angiography,CTA)和三维增强磁共振血管成像(three-di mensional contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography,3D CE-MRA)及数字减影血管造影(DSA)的对照性研究,分析CTA、MRA显示下肢动脉狭窄的差异,评价CTA、MRA诊断下肢动脉硬化性闭塞病(arteriosclerotic occlusive disease,ASO)的临床价值。     

人工智能技术在颅内动脉瘤诊疗中的研究进展

早期检出颅内动脉瘤及评估其破裂风险对于指导临床治疗极其重要。随着人工智能（AI）技术与医学影像结合的研究不断深入,采用AI技术已用于颅内动脉瘤的辅助诊断和临床疗效评估,多种深度学习（DL）算法可以与数字减影血管造影（DSA）、CT血管成像（CTA）、MR血管成像（MRA）相结合,从而实现快速识别、精准诊断动脉瘤并预测其破裂风险。对AI技术在颅内动脉瘤诊断和预测方面的应用进行综述。     

颅内动脉瘤的CE—MRA和DSA对照研究

目的:通过与DSA比较,评价增强磁共振血管造影(CE-MRA)在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的临床应用价值.材料和方法:对85例临床怀疑有颅内动脉瘤的病人行CE-MRA检查,随后1周内行DSA造影.CE-MRA采用透视触发技术和三维小角度激发快速梯度回波序列,行增强前、增强后动脉期和静脉期3次扫描,图像减影后行三维重建,重建图像包括MIP、VR和MPR,比较CE-MRA与常规DSA对颅内动脉瘤的显示.结果:发现65例病人共69个动脉瘤,CE-MRA诊断动脉瘤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为98.5%、85%、95.5%,CE-MRA上能够准确测量动脉瘤大小与瘤颈宽度,与DSA测值无统计学差异.对于瘤内血栓的显示,CE-MRA更优于DSA.结论:无创CE-MRA能有效的诊断颅内动脉瘤,所提供的三维信息对指导临床治疗方案的选择具有极大帮助.     

CTA与DSA诊断脑动脉瘤的临床应用分析

目的探讨多层螺旋CT血管成像(CTA)与DSA诊断脑动脉瘤临床价值。方法收集68例疑似脑动脉瘤患者,行256层CTA和DSA检查,以手术诊断结果为参考标准,对比CTA和DSA检查诊断准确率、特异度、灵敏度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值以及诊断时间。结果 68例患者均经外科手术检查,其中22例前交通动脉瘤,占32.35%;21例大脑中动脉动脉瘤,占30.88%;25例双侧交通动脉瘤,占36.76%。256层CTA检出率(97.06%)与DSA检出率(98.53%)比较,P0.05。256层CTA诊断特异度(96.97%)、灵敏度(100.00%)、阳性预测值(100.00%)、阴性预测值(50.00%)与DSA(98.51%、100.00%、100.00%、50.00%)比较P0.05。256层CTA诊断时间明显比DSA短,P0.05。结论 CTA检查在脑动脉瘤准确性、特异度、敏感性均较高,安全无创。     

CTA与DSA诊断颅内动脉瘤的对比研究

目的通过与DSA对比,评价三维CT血管造影在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值。方法对30例因蛛网膜下腔出血高度怀疑动脉瘤破裂的病人行CTA检查,同期行DSA检查及可行的血管内栓塞治疗。比较CTA与DSA检出动脉瘤的敏感性、特异性和准确性以及在显示动脉瘤瘤颈和载瘤动脉关系上的优劣。结果CTA检出动脉瘤26个,对动脉瘤的敏感性为95.5%,特异性为87.5%,准确性为93.3%,与DSA比较无显著差异。CTA对动脉瘤细节及瘤颈的显示明显优于DSA。结论CTA能无创有效的诊断颅内动脉瘤,所提供的诊断信息对治疗方案的制订具有极大的帮助,CTA还特别适用于急症病人的动脉瘤筛查。     

颅内动脉瘤 3D DCE-MRA与DSA对照研究

目的 探讨三维动态增强MR血管造影(3D DCE-MRA)在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值. 资料与方法 对39例临床拟诊动脉瘤和常规MRA可疑动脉瘤的患者行3D DCE-MRA,随后行DSA,比较两种方法 对颅内动脉瘤的显示情况. 结果 34例动脉瘤患者中共有动脉瘤41个,3D DCE-MRA对动脉瘤诊断的敏感性为95%,特异性为80%,准确性为85%,3D DCE-MRA与DSA比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 3D DCE-MRA是一项无创、安全、简便和可靠的诊断颅内动脉瘤的方法,对于颅内较大血管的动脉瘤的显示,可以取代DSA.     

三维时间飞跃法MR血管成像检出颅内动脉瘤的研究

目的分析三维时间飞跃法MR血管成像(3D TOF MRA)检出颅内动脉瘤的价值。资料与方法 36例进行了3D TOF MRA且有数字减影血管造影(DSA)和/或手术结果为对照的患者纳入本研究。以DSA和/或手术结果为参照标准,以患者为分析单位评价3D TOF MRA检出颅内动脉瘤的能力。对3D TOF MRA均检出动脉瘤者,分别测量动脉瘤的长径、短径和瘤颈,进行相关性分析。结果 36例患者中DSA和/或手术检出28例患者有28个动脉瘤,8例患者无动脉瘤;3D TOF MRA检出31例患者31个动脉瘤,5例患者无动脉瘤。以DSA和/或手术结果为参照,以患者为分析单位,3D TOF MRA检出颅内动脉瘤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为89.3%、75.0%、75.0%。3D TOF MRA和DSA在显示颅内动脉瘤长径、短径和瘤颈的差别无统计学意义,并且有很好的正相关性。结论 3D TOF MRA在诊断颅内动脉瘤方面具有高的敏感性和中等的特异性,高的假阳性率提示在作出小动脉瘤的诊断时需谨慎。     

MRA与CTA在颅内动脉瘤诊断价值的比较

目的探讨磁共振血管成像（MRA）、X线计算机体层摄影血管成像（CTA）在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值。方法以数字血管造影（DSA）检查结果为金标准,回顾性分析47例经DSA诊断为颅内动脉瘤患者的MRA、CTA影像资料,对比两者对颅内动脉瘤的检出率及瘤体大小的差异。结果47例DSA诊断颅内动脉瘤52个;MRA诊断42例共检出46个动脉瘤,阳性率为88．5％（46／52）;CTA诊断44例共检出49个动脉瘤,阳性率为94．2％（49／52）。二者检出率的差异无统计学意义（P=0．49）。MRA显示瘤体直径为5～23mm,平均（9．72土5．68）mm,而CTA显示瘤体直径为3-25mm,平均（9．85土5．81）mm,瘤体直径的差值无统计学意义（P=0．17）。结论MRA与CTA对颅内动脉瘤诊断无明显差别,临床可根据实际条件选择合适的检查方法,从而达到最佳诊断和治疗的目的。     

CT血管成像和MR血管成像在颅内创伤性动脉瘤中的诊断价值

颅内创伤性动脉瘤（traumatic aneurysm，TA）国内外报道较少，其检查方法多采用数字减影血管造影术（DSA），而C血管成像（CTA）和MR血管成像（MRA）及其临床诊断价值尚未见系统报道。笔者收集近期6例TA患者资料，并对这两种检查方法进行初步探讨。     

多层螺旋CT血管成像与DSA诊断脑动脉瘤的对比研究

目的通过与DSA和外科手术对比评价多层螺旋CT血管成像（CTA）对脑动脉瘤诊断的准确性。方法对471例临床怀疑为脑动脉瘤的患者全部行CTA和DSA检查。所有CTA及DSA图像由两位神经放射科医师独立进行分析评价。以DSA和外科手术结果作为参考标准计算多层螺旋CTA诊断脑动脉瘤的准确性。结果多层螺旋CTA诊断所有动脉瘤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别是97.0%、98.3%和97.6%,阳性和阴性预测率分别是98.5%和96.6%。多层螺旋CTA对于动脉瘤检出的敏感性与DSA的结果差别没有统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论多层螺旋CTA对于脑动脉瘤检出具有很高的敏感性、特异性和准确性,它在脑动脉瘤的筛选和诊断可以替代常规DSA检查。     

多层螺旋CT 三维血管造影容积重建成像在颅内动脉瘤中的诊断价值

目的探讨多层面螺旋CT三维血管造影(MS 3D-CTA)容积重建(VR)技术在颅内动脉瘤中的诊断价值.方法对109例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的病人行MS 3D-CTA和DSA检查.使用GE Lightspeed pro 16层螺旋CT扫描仪获得原始图像,所有病例均采用VR技术对图像进行三维重建,20例同时有最大密度投影(MIP)辅助检查.VR和MIP后处理图像以及DSA图像由3位放射科医生用双盲法进行分析.结果DSA和手术证实83例共94个动脉瘤,其中单发74例,多发9例(7例2个动脉瘤,2例3个动脉瘤).VR图像上所测动脉瘤大小为1.3～32 mm,与DSA比较无显著性差异(t=1.548,P＞0.05).VR对颅内动脉瘤的敏感度为96.8%,特异度为92.9%,准确度为95.9%,阳性预测值为97.8%,阴性预测值为89.7%;DSA敏感度为97.9%,特异度为96.3%,准确度为97.5%,阳性预测值为98.9%,阴性预测值为92.9%.94个动脉瘤中,89个(94.7%)动脉瘤在VR图像上能清晰显示瘤体、瘤颈与载瘤动脉的三维空间关系,DSA为57个(60.6%).结论MS 3D-CTA VR的敏感度、特异度和准确度均较高,是一种快捷、经济和有效的检查技术.     

16层螺旋CT血管造影在颅内动脉瘤中的应用价值

目的探讨16层螺旋CT血管造影(CTA)对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法28例疑有颅内动脉瘤患者均行16层CTA和DSA检查,对CTA的表现结合DSA和手术结果进行回顾性分析。结果本组28例经CTA共检出动脉瘤27个,其中25个经手术和DSA证实。1例CTA显示动脉瘤2个,DSA只显示1个,另1例CTA显示可疑动脉瘤2个,DSA显示正常。16层CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的敏感性为89.2%,特异性为100%,准确性为96.4%。结论16层CTA在显示颅内动脉瘤方面可与DSA媲美,有重要临床应用价值。     

16层CT血管造影在颅内动脉瘤诊断及术后评价中的应用

目的探讨16层螺旋CT血管造影(CTA)对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值,以及对动脉瘤夹闭术后评价其指导价值.资料与方法回顾性分析23例临床怀疑为颅内动脉瘤,并进行了16层CTA和DSA检查的病例,以DSA作为参考标准,评价16层CTA诊断价值.搜集6例动脉瘤钛夹夹闭病例进行术后评价,术前术后均进行了CTA检查,通过比较两次CTA结果评价动脉瘤夹闭情况.结果根据DSA资料及手术结果,16层CTA发现颅内动脉瘤的敏感性为81.5%,特异性为100%,准确性为84.4%.6例动脉瘤钛夹夹闭术后CTA随访中,与术前CTA相比,颅内大血管均未见狭窄或闭塞,但1例可见较为明显的瘤体残留.结论 16层CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤具有较好的特异性和敏感性,以及较好的三维显示能力,具有一定的临床应用价值.但对颈内和椎动脉动脉瘤,CTA仍然存在着一定困难.在动脉瘤夹闭术后评价方面,CTA能够清楚地显示瘤夹位置及载瘤动脉的通畅程度,但对于判断瘤颈及瘤体残留方面,其准确性有待DSA的进一步证实.     

MRA在诊断颅内动脉瘤中的应用

目的：研究MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的原理与方法，优势与不足以及临床价值。方法：选择经DSA证实为颅内动脉瘤的息者30例，行三维MRA及MRI检查，全部病例均经手术证实。结果：MRA对颅内动脉瘤的敏感性为90％，结合原始断层图像和MRI，敏感性则高达97％，较准确显示了3mm以上动脉瘤的形态、大小及与载瘤动脉的关系。对于检测血栓性动脉瘤MRA优于DSA影像。结论：MRA是一种无创伤的血管检查技术．可准确显示动脉瘤。对于Willis环区动脉瘤，MRA可取代常规血管造影。     

CT angiography with three-dimensional techniques for the early diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms. Comparison with intra-arterial DSA and the surgical findings

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral CT angiography (CTA) is an established method applied to both the detection and treatment planning of intracranial aneurysms. The aim of our study was to compare CTA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings with the surgical results mainly in patients with acute SAH and to evaluate the clinical usefulness of CTA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the last 2 years, 82 consecutive patients were admitted under clinical symptoms and signs suggestive of harboring an intracranial aneurysm. CT angiography performed immediately afterwards the plain CT, while DSA was performed within the first 48 h of admission. All aneurysms detected were confirmed during surgery or endovascular embolization. Repeat DSA was performed in all patients having both the initial CTA and the DSA 15 days after the onset of symptoms negative. CT angiograms and conventional angiographies were studied by a consensus of two radiologists for each technique, who performed aneurysm detection, morphological features characterization and evaluation of the technique. RESULTS: Surgical or/and endovascular treatment was performed in 45 patients and 53 aneurysms were confirmed. Using 3D-CT angiography, we detected 47 aneurysms in 42 patients. Conventional angiography depicted 43 aneurysms in 39 patients. The sensitivity of CTA for the detection of all aneurysms versus surgery was 88.7%, the specificity 100%, the positive predictive value (PPV) 100%, the negative predictive value (NPV) 80.7% and the accuracy 92.3%. Accordingly, the sensitivity of DSA was 87.8%, the specificity 98%, the PPV 97.7%, the NPV 89.1% and the accuracy 92.9%. Considering aneurysms > or =3 mm, CTA showed a sensitivity ranging from 93.3 to 100%, equal to that of DSA. CONCLUSION: Cerebral CT angiography has an equal sensitivity to DSA in the detection of intracranial aneurysms >3 mm. It has also 100% detection rate in AcoA and MCA bifurcation aneurysms, while some locations, like posterior communicating artery aneurysms, remain problematic. The delineating features of each aneurysm are better depicted with CTA due to 3D visualization. The use of digital subtraction angiography as a diagnostic tool can be limited in equivocal cases.     

Three-dimensional time-of-flight (3D TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and contrast-enhanced MRA of intracranial aneurysms treated with platinum coils

Background: Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) is less prone to flow-related signal intensity loss than three-dimensional time-of-flight (3D TOF) MRA and may therefore be more sensitive for detection of residual patency in platinum coil-treated intracranial aneurysms.

Purpose: To compare MRA and CE-MRA in the follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated with platinum coils.

Material and Methods: CE-MRA and 3D TOF MRA (pre- and postcontrast injection) of the intracranial vasculature was performed at 1.5T in 38 patients (47 aneurysms) referred for DSA in the follow-up of coiled intracranial aneurysms.

Results: DSA showed aneurysm patency in 22/47 investigations. Patent aneurysm components were observed with CE-MRA in 18/22 cases, and with 3D TOF MRA in 21/22 cases. There was no significant difference in patent aneurysm component size between CE-MRA and 3D TOF MRA. In addition, CE-MRA showed six, 3D TOF MRA before contrast injection showed seven, and 3D TOF MRA after contrast injection showed eight cases with patent aneurysm components not observed on DSA.

Conclusion: 3D TOF MRA was highly sensitive for detection of patent aneurysm components, and at least as sensitive as CE-MRA. Residual aneurysm patency seems to be better visualized with MRA than with DSA in some cases.     

3.0T时间飞跃法MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤-与DSA对照

目的评价3.0T时间飞跃法磁共振血管成像(3.0TTOFMRA)对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法对34例临床提示颅内动脉瘤患者前瞻性行3.0TTOFMRA及脑血管DSA检查。所有图像由3名医师分成2组在工作站上进行读片。第1组由2名高年资神经影像组医师分别独立阅读重建的最大密度投影(MIP)图像;第2组由1名高年资神经影像组医师同时阅读MIP和原始数据图像(sourceimage)。以DSA诊断结果作为标准,评价3.0TTOFMRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的灵敏度、特异度及正确率。结果DSA共检测20枚动脉瘤(19例),其中颈内动脉7例,前交通动脉5例,后交通动脉5例,大脑前、中动脉各1例。TOFMRA总体诊断灵敏度、特异度、正确率分别为94.8%、89.4%和91.4%。第2组的诊断有效性最高,两组间诊断阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.242,P>0.05和χ2=0.172,P>0.05)。结论3.0TTOFMRA作为一种快速、无创的影像检查方法,能够很好显示颅内动脉瘤。MIP结合Source图像可提高3.0TTOFMRA诊断的准确性。     

Is digital substraction angiography still needed for the follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated by embolisation with detachable coils?

Introduction  Follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated by embolisation with detachable coils is mandatory to detect a possible recanalisation. The aim of this study was to compare contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) with digital substraction angiography (DSA) used to detect aneurysm recanalisation to determine if DSA is still needed during follow-up. Materials and methods  From May 2006 to May 2007, 55 patients with 67 aneurysms were treated by endosaccular coiling with (n = 9) or without (n = 58) an adjunctive stent. Follow-up imaging protocol included MRA at 6 and 12 months and a DSA at 12 months or earlier if a major recanalisation was identified on the 6-month MRA. Two neuroradiologists independently reviewed MRA images (readers 1 and 2) and two other reviewed DSA images. Results  Follow-up DSA showed stability of the aneurysm occlusion in 52 cases, recanalisation in 14 cases, and further thrombosis in one. On CE-MRA, both readers identified all recanalisations but one (sensitivity of 93%) as they missed a major recanalisation in a 2-mm ruptured aneurysm. There were two false-positive evaluations by reader 1 and three for reader 2. Mean specificity of CE-MRA to detect aneurysm recanalisation was 95.5%. Conclusion  CE-MRA is accurate to detect aneurysm recanalisation after embolisation with detachable coils. CE-MRA may be proposed as first-intention imaging technique for their follow-up. However, its sensitivity and specificity remain inferior to that of DSA and major recurrences may be missed in very small aneurysms. Therefore, a single DSA remains mandatory during the imaging follow-up.