口腔数字成像系统X线传感器定位器的研制和临床应用

目的研究数字化根尖片的固位方法和临床应用。方法采用ODIS-I型口腔数字成像系统,对随机分成A、B两组的72例阻生牙患者拍片。A组使用定位器拍片,B组不使用定位器拍片。结果A组拍片质量优于B组(P<0.001),A组拍片时间少于B组(P<0.001)。结论使用X线传感器定位器拍片可提高拍片质量,缩短拍片时间,方便临床操作。     

根尖片数字成像系统在牙长度测量中的应用

本研究使用Ｄｉｇｏｒａ系统及常规Ｘ线根尖片进行牙长度测量并对两种技术及结果进行比较。随机选择临床病人２２例，分成两组：上前牙组及后牙组各１１例，于上前牙组及后牙组受检牙根管内分别插入０２５号根管锉及０１５号根管锉后摄片。     

根尖片数字化X线摄影技术及其临床应用

目的 研究根尖片数字化Ｘ线摄影技术及其临床应用。方法 采用Ｄｉｇｏｒａ数字化摄影设备,对８８例患者的１０５颗牙齿行根尖片拍摄,结果 与根尖片传统摄影技术比较,曝光时间减少５０％～８０％,质量评价：甲级８８张,乙级１２张,丙级５张。结论 在片数字化Ｘ线摄影技术具有传统根尖片摄影技术所不具备的优越性,因而为口腔临床及科研提供了一种新的检查手段。     

SIDEXIS成像系统的临床应用

采用ＳＩＤＥＸＩＳ口腔数字化Ｘ线成像系统拍摄１０００例影像，对临床进行了分析。认为该系统具有成像快速，患者皮肤表面辐射剂量低，图像准确清晰，可储存以备得查对照等优点，可以广泛用于口腔领域。对图像中的特殊曩像及可能发生误诊的原因进行了分析。     

口内扫描数字化印模对固定修复临床应用效果的Meta分析

目的 系统评价口内扫描数字化印模(IDI)技术对固定修复的临床应用效果.方法 计算机检索Medline(Ovid)、EMBASE、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials以及中国知网(CNKI)数据库关于IDI对口腔固定修复治疗临床效果的随机对照试验(RCT),各数据...     

数字化根尖片诊断牙根吸收的可靠性研究

目的对比数字化根尖片和普通根尖片在评价牙齿长度及牙根吸收方面的差异。方法选取20颗上颌恒中切牙建立体外牙根吸收研究模型。模拟牙根吸收前、后的情况,分别从6个投照角度拍摄普通根尖片和数字化根尖片。分别统计数字化根尖片和普通根尖片反映牙齿实际长度和实际牙根吸收的差异。结果在同一X线投照角度下,数字化根尖片与普通根尖片的影像长度误差之间有显著性差异,牙根吸收误差之间无显著性差异。结论数字化根尖片下的牙齿影像长度比普通根尖片更接近实际的牙齿长度。数字化根尖片与普通根尖片在对牙根吸收的测量诊断上没有明显差别。     

影响数字化X线根尖片影像质量的原因分析

目的:研究影响数字化X线根尖片摄像质量的因素。方法:采用Kodak 2100数字成像系统,对200例患者的218颗牙齿行根尖片拍摄。结果:与传统的X线根尖片胶片摄影技术比较,数字化摄影技术在曝光时间上减少80%～87%,218张根尖片质量评价:甲级172张,乙级21张,丙级25张。结论:根尖片数字化X线摄影技术具有传统X线根尖片摄影技术无法比拟的优势。     

ODIS-I型口腔数字成像系统的临床应用评价

目的：评价数字化成像技术在口腔病变检查中的应用效果。方法：对于应用ODIS-I口腔数字成像系统拍摄的578例不同分区的牙齿病变的图像进行成像质量判定。结果：口腔数字成像系统X线成像所需放射剂量明显减少，获得的图像质量基本优良，上颌前牙的影像最佳，下颌阻生牙的影像较差。结论：应用ODIS-I口腔数字成像系统拍摄的各类牙齿病变的图像可以基本满足临床检查的需要。尚有待于进一步提高口腔数字成像系统的性能。     

全口义齿数字化系统的比较及研究进展

计算机辅助设计与计算机辅助制造技术（CAD/CAM）在全口义齿制作中的应用逐渐成熟,已有多个商品化的全口义齿数字化系统广泛用于临床,但不同系统在使用装置、就诊次数、操作流程等方面有所差异,掌握不同系统的特点有利于临床医师做出合理的选择,提高诊疗的效率和疗效。因此,本文选择了几种临床常用的数字化系统,旨在对其专用装置和技术特点进行阐述和比较,并对数字化全口义齿的研究进展进行综述和展望。 [关键词]　全口义齿;数字化;数字化系统     

ODIS-Ⅰ型口腔数字成像系统的临床应用评价

目的评价数字化成像技术在口腔病变检查中的应用效果.方法对于应用ODIS-I口腔数字成像系统拍摄的578例不同分区的牙齿病变的图像进行成像质量判定.结果口腔数字成像系统X线成像所需放射剂量明显减少,获得的图像质量基本优良,上颌前牙的影像最佳,下颌阻生牙的影像较差.结论应用ODIS-I口腔数字成像系统拍摄的各类牙齿病变的图像可以基本满足临床检查的需要.尚有待于进一步提高口腔数字成像系统的性能.     

A digital tongue imaging system for tongue coating evaluation in patients with oral malodour

Objective:  Several simple visual methods have been developed for assessing tongue coating, but it is difficult to eliminate biases associated with these. The digital tongue imaging system (DTIS) was designed to acquire tongue surface images using a digital camera under controlled conditions, and to calculate tongue coating area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of DTIS for clinical use by comparing it with the Winkel tongue coating index (WTCI).
Materials and Methods:  Forty participants with oral malodour were rated on WTCI by two independent examiners, and photographs of their tongues were assessed using the DTIS. The photographs were also rated by the examiners (blinded to in vivo WTCI and DTIS statuses).
Results:  Agreements between in vivo WTCI ratings and DTIS assessments were relatively high at r  =   0.561 for one examiner and r  =   0.736 for the other ( P  <   0.01), while agreements between the in vivo WTCI ratings and tongue photograph-based ratings were also high at r  =   0.645 for one examiner and r  =   0.742 ( P  <   0.01) for the other.
Conclusions:  Digital tongue imaging system was found to be highly reliable and as having potential clinical applications. However, the algorithm for determining in vivo tongue coating status requires improvement.     

Effects of scanning resolution and digital image magnification on photostimulable phosphor imaging system

Objectives To examine the effects of changes in scanning resolution and digital magnification on the image quality and diagnostic ability of the photostimulable phosphor imaging system. Methods Using a photostimulable phosphor imaging system, images of a human adult dried mandible phantom embedded in a 25 mm-thick epoxy resin block were made. The latent images on the photostimulable phosphor imaging plate were scanned using four different pixel sizes as follows: 25μm×25μm, 50μm×50μm, 100μm×100μm and 200μm×200μm. A primary image was produced for each pixel size. These images were also digitally magnified at powers of 2, 4 and 8 times. The gradient range, brightness and contrast of each image were adjusted to optimum levels on a cathode ray tube display, and hard copies were produced with a writing pixel size of 60μm×60μm. The granularity, sharpness and anatomical diagnostic ability of the images were assessed subjectively by eight dentists. Results Increasing the scanning resolution tended to generally improve image quality and diagnostic ability. Visual image quality was maintained up to a pixel size of 50 μm, and diagnostic ability was maintained up to a pixel size of 100μm. Digital image magnification degrated image quality, and more than 2-times magnification degraded diagnostic ability. Conclusions Under the present experimental conditions, increasing the scanning resolution did not always lead to an improvement in image quality or diagnostic ability, and digital image magnification degraded image quality and diagnostic ability.     

Subjective image quality comparison between two digital dental radiographic systems and conventional dental film

ObjectivesDigital radiography has become an integral part of dentistry. Digital radiography does not require film or dark rooms, reduces X-ray doses, and instantly generates images. The aim of our study was to compare the subjective image quality of two digital dental radiographic systems with conventional dental film.Materials & methodsA direct digital (DD) ‘Digital’ system by Sirona, a semi-direct (SD) digital system by Vista-scan, and Kodak ‘E’ speed dental X-ray films were selected for the study. Endodontically-treated extracted teeth (n = 25) were used in the study. Details of enamel, dentin, dentino-enamel junction, root canal filling (gutta percha), and simulated apical pathology were investigated with the three radiographic systems. The data were subjected to statistical analyzes to reveal differences in subjective image quality.ResultsConventional dental X-ray film was superior to the digital systems. For digital systems, DD imaging was superior to SD imaging.ConclusionConventional film yielded superior image quality that was statistically significant in almost all aspects of comparison. Conventional film was followed in image quality by DD, and SD provided the lowest quality images. Conventional film is still considered the gold standard to diagnose diseases affecting the jawbone.RecommendationsImproved software and hardware for digital imaging systems are now available and these improvements may now yield images that are comparable in quality to conventional film. However, we recommend that studies still use more observers and other statistical methods to produce ideal results.     

口腔数字成像系统在牙周病疗效观察中的评价

目的:评价数字化成像技术在牙周病疗效观察中的作用。方法:应用ODIS-Ⅰ口腔数字成像系统对135例牙周病患者的215个区域拍摄的图像进行质量判定;并应用该系统的图像处理技术对其中33例患牙的图像进行治疗前后牙槽骨吸收率的测定,7例患牙治疗前后的定位根尖片图像进行数字减影分析。结果:口腔数字成像系统X线成像所需放射剂量明显减少,获得的图像质量基本优良,对牙周组织变化的敏感性高于普通X线牙片,该系统的图像处理技术可提高牙周病诊断和疗效观察水平。结论:口腔数字成像系统是牙周病疗效观察的有效手段。     

颌面部下1／3标志计算机图像分析系统的建立

软组织形态是评价修复效果和颜面外观的重要指标。本研究采用计算机图像分析技术，将图象信息转换为数字信号输入计算机进行采像、测量和分析，初步建立了一个与口腔修复专业相关的颌面部计算机图象分析系统。该系统具有定量性、精确性等优点，对今后垂直距离的重建提供了一新思路．     

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目的探讨数字根尖片在术前评估根管内折断器械取出难度和根管侧穿发生中的应用价值。方法应用分角投照技术拍摄的患牙数字根尖片,对2007年4月至2008年10月于烟台市口腔医院特需门诊就诊接受显微超声取根管内折断器械的病例47例进行分析,分析其折断器械在根管内的位置与折断器械取出成功率和根管侧穿发生率的关系。结果当折断器械位于根尖1/3时,应用显微超声技术取出的成功率和根管侧穿发生率分别为36.84%和52.63%,而器械位于根管冠1/3、中1/3时取出成功率分别为90.00%、88.89%,根管侧穿发生率分别为10.00%、11.11%;当折断器械位于弯曲根管以上或以下时器械取出的成功率分别为88.46%和42.86%,根管侧穿的发生率分别为11.54%和47.62%。结论分角投照数字根尖片在术前分析根管内折断器械取出的成功率和根管侧穿的发生具有较高的参考价值,可作为根管内折断器械病例术前难度评估和预测侧穿发生的常规方法。     

Clinical indications for digital imaging in dento-alveolar trauma. Part 2: root resorption

Abstract –  Common complications of dento-alveolar trauma are pulp necrosis, pulp canal obliteration, periapical pathosis and root resorption. Different types of root resorption have been identified with traumatic injuries. Repair-related (surface), infection-related (inflammatory), ankylosis-related (osseous replacement) or extraradicular invasive cervical resorption are among the most common. Recent developments in imaging systems have enabled clinicians to visualize structural changes effectively. The diagnosis and three-dimensional imaging assessment of the resorption is important in order to determine the treatment complexity and expected outcome based on the location and extension of the root defect. This article discusses and illustrates the clinical application of cone beam computed tomography for diagnosis and treatment plan of root resorption. Four clinical cases are presented to illustrate the potential use of the NewTom 3G for root resorption.     

数字影像系统测量分析融合牙乳牙列

目的探讨Digora数字影像系统测量牙列模型的新方法并用此方法分析乳牙融合牙列的特征。方法选取AB融合牙模型和BC融合牙模型各14副。用电子游标卡尺和Digora数字影像系统分别测量牙列,并统计分析结果。结果游标卡尺测量值稍大于Digora系统测量值,且两方法所测各值均相关(r>0.80,P<0.01),比值较稳定(均值为1.05)。融合牙的牙冠宽度明显小于非融合侧两同名牙冠宽度的和(P<0.05)。AB融合牙组CC—CC和CL—CL大于BC融合组(P<0.05)。融合牙组下颌对称性系数显示牙列的非对称状,中线偏向融合侧。且下颌融合侧三角形面积小于非融合侧三角形面积(P<0.01)。结论Digora数字影像系统测量结果稳定,有利于资料保存,便于临床使用;融合牙牙列与正常牙列的差异应予以重视。