全饥饿对大鼠外周血抗氧化防御系统功能的影响

目的 探讨饥饿后外周血抗氧化防御系统功能的变化。方法 通过禁食大鼠造成饥饿,观察外周血红细胞还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、血清总抗氧化力、总超氧化物歧化酶(T—SOD)与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPx)．活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化。结果 饥饿10d后,血清总抗氧化力及T—SOD与GSHPx活性显著下降,下降幅度分别为13．8％、8．5％、5．7％;血清MDA含量同时也显著下降,而红细胞GSH含量无显著变化。结论 全饥饿可使外周血抗氧化防御系统功能下降。     

非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病体内氧化代谢改变及与高血压的关系

目的 :评价氧化损伤及抗氧化酶活性对非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病即Ⅱ型糖尿病 (NIDDM )及其伴发高血压 (HT)的影响。方法 :采用鲁米诺依赖的中性粒细胞化学发光法 ,对 136例NIDDM患者 (其中 70例不伴有HT ,6 6例伴有HT)及 30例年龄匹配的健康对照者 ,检测其外周血中性粒细胞产生氧自由基 (OFR)的水平。采用化学定量法 ,测定其血浆脂质过氧化终末产物———丙二醛 (MDA)的浓度及抗氧化酶———超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSHPx)的活性。结果 :NIDDM伴发HT组 ,其PMN -CL峰值、积分和吞噬指数均明显高于NIDDM不伴HT组及健康对照组 ;血浆MDA浓度较后两组也明显升高 (P均 <0 .0 1) ;NIDDM组及NIDDM伴发HT组的血浆SOD和GSHPx活性较正常对照组均明显降低 (P均 <0 .0 1) ;但与NIDDM组相比 ,NIDDM伴发HT组的血浆SOD和GSHPx活性其差异无显著性 (P均 >0 .0 5 ) ;PMN -CL峰值与MDA呈明显正相关 (r=0 .7486 ,Y =15 9.8X 132 .2 ,P <0 .0 1,n =6 6 ) ,与SOD活性呈明显负相关 (r =- 0 .6 471,Y =5 .6X 112 7.4,P <0 .0 5 ,n =6 6 )。结论 :NIDDM患者体内已存在着氧化损伤 ,而在NIDDM伴发HT时氧化损伤进一步加重 ,提示氧化损伤对NIDDM患者HT的发生发展可能有着病因学意义     

营养干预对东乡族0～6岁儿童营养状况及脂质过氧化的影响

目的 :观察营养干预对东乡族 0～ 6岁儿童营养状况及脂质过氧化的影响。方法 :采用整群分层抽样方法 ,抽取东乡族民族聚居区 (甘肃东乡县 ) 0～ 6岁儿童 119例作为研究对象。询问其膳食、健康情况 ,并采集血、尿样 ,测定血清 Vit A、Vit C、总超氧化物歧化酶 ( T- SOD)活性、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶 ( Cu Zn- SOD)活性、总抗氧化能力 ( T- AOC)、丙二醛 ( MDA)及红细胞锌、尿 Vit B2 含量。结果 :对缺乏 Zn、 Vit A、 Vit B2 、 Vit C的 0～ 6岁儿童进行营养干预后 ,血清 Cu Zn- SOD水平显著上升 ( P<0 .0 1)血清 T- SOD、 T- AOC水平略有上升趋势 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ,相反 MDA则略有下降 ( P>0 .0 5 )。此外 ,东乡族该人群血清 Vit A、 Vit C水平营养干预后较干预前显著升高 ( P<0 .0 1) ,然而 ,其红细胞锌和尿 Vit B2 略有升高 ,但未见显著性差异( P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :短期营养素强化干预 ,对改善 Vit A、 Vit C营养状况有明显效果 ,但对改善锌、 Vit B2 营养状况效果不明显。若要从根本上改善该人群营养状况 ,则需较长时间的营养素补充干预。同时 ,营养素补充干预可以提高裕固族 0～ 6岁儿童抗氧化能力 ,降低脂质过氧化反应、保护机体免受自由基的侵害     

电焊作业工人血中几种生物指标变化的探讨

目的　探讨电焊作业工人血中 5种微量元素、过氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)和脂质过氧化代谢产物———丙二醛 (LPO -MDA)及铁代谢蛋白的变化。方法　分别测定电焊作业工人 (锰暴露人群 )和对照人群全血SOD和血清LPO -MDA、铁、锰、铅、铜、锌及血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白、转铁蛋白受体的浓度。结果　暴露组的SOD活性下降 ,LPO-MDA升高 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5) ;暴露组血清转铁蛋白量比对照组高 1 19倍 ;转铁蛋白受体水平低于对照组 1 3 4倍。暴露组与对照组血清中 5种微量元素含量测定结果表明 ,暴露组锰和铁的含量均明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,而锌和铅的含量则明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。结论　锰暴露导致作业工人血中的脂质过氧化(LPO -MDA)水平明显升高 ,参与铁代谢蛋白合成的血清转铁蛋白含量、转铁蛋白受体发生了变化 ,同时引起体内部分微量元素的失衡     

营养干预对裕固族0~6岁儿童营养状况及脂质过氧化的影响

目的:探讨裕固族0~6岁儿童营养状况及营养干预对脂质过氧化与抗氧化系统的影响。方法:采用整群分层抽样方法抽取裕固族民族聚居区(甘肃省肃南县)的0~6岁儿童202例作为研究对象,询问其膳食、健康情况,并采集血、尿样,测定血清Vit A、Vit C、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)及红细胞锌、尿Vit B2含量。结果:对锌、Vit A、Vit B2、Vit C缺乏0~6岁儿童进行营养干预后,血清CuZn-SOD水平较干预前显著上升(P<0.01),血清T-SOD、T-AOC水平略有上升(P>0.05),而MDA则显著下降(P<0.01)。此外,血清Vit A、Vit C水平干预后显著升高(P<0.01),而血细胞锌和尿Vit B2则略有升高,但未见显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:采用复合营养素进行营养强化的干预措施对该人群中锌、Vit A、Vit B2、Vit C缺乏者机体抗氧化能力有一定的提高,但要显著改善人群营养状况,提高机体抗氧化能力则需要更长时间的营养干预。     

血清锌铜含量和铜蓝蛋白活性变化对肝癌诊断价值的研究

用原子吸收仪 ,酶氧化法测定了 62例原发性肝癌患者血清 Zn、Cu含量及铜蓝蛋白活性 ,并以 79例正常人作对照。结果表明 ,肝癌患者血清 Cu含量升高 ,血清 Zn含量明显低于对照组 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,Cu/Zn比值明显高于对照组 ( P<0 .0 1 )。肝癌患者铜蓝蛋白活性高于对照组( P<0 .0 1 )。提示原发性肝癌患者体内微量元素代谢异常 ,并影响酶系统 ,对肝癌的发生可能起到一定的作用     

胃癌和非癌症患者血清各元素水平变化的临床意义

目的探讨血清的微量元素水平在健康人、胃癌,非癌症患者中变化的临床意义。方法对27例胃癌患者(胃癌组)、50例健康体检者(健康对照组)及40例非癌症但患有消化道疾病患者(非癌症对照组)采用原子吸收光谱法测定血清中各种微量元素包括铜、锌、铁、镁水平及铜/锌比值5项指标。结果健康对照组血清铜、锌、铁、镁水平分别为(0.877±0.235)mg.L-1、(2.809±0.898)mg.L-1、(13.353±4.232)mg.L-1和(21.801±2.980)mg.L-1;铜/锌比值为0.337±0.121。胃癌组与非癌症对照组比较:血清中铜水平升高明显(P<0.01),分别为(1.183±0.194)mg.L-1和(0.892±0.195)mg.L-1,铜/锌比值明显增高(P<0.01),分别为0.535±0.165和0.348±0.127,血清中铁水平明显降低,分别为(10.779±4.227)mg.L-1和(12.931±3.778)mg.L-1;胃癌组与健康对照组比较:锌水平明显降低(P<0.05)[(2.392±0.717)mg.L-1],镁水平显着升高(P<0.01)[(24.274±3.636)mg.L-1]。结论血清中铜水平升高、铜/锌比值增加及铁水平的降低是胃癌的危险因素,具有临床意义。     

冠心病患者胆红素浓度变化对机体脂质过氧化水平的影响及黄芪的干预作用

目的探讨冠心病患者血清胆红素浓度变化对机体脂质过氧化水平的不良影响并观察黄芪的干预效果。方法选取 45例冠心病病人和 40例正常人作为研究对象 ,抽空腹静脉血检测血清胆红素、总抗氧化能力 (T- AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)及血浆氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白 (Ox- L DL )浓度 ,并给冠心病患者每人每天静滴黄芪注射液 6 0 ml,连用 1周 ,复测上述指标。结果与对照组相比 ,冠心病患者血清胆红素浓度及 T- AOC明显降低 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,而 MDA及 Ox- L DL则明显升高 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,且血清总胆红素浓度与 T- AOC呈显著正相关 (r=0 .36 8,P<0 .0 1) ,而与 MDA及 Ox- L DL 则呈显著负相关 (r=- 0 .30 1及 - 0 .34 2 ,P<0 .0 5及 0 .0 1)。干预结果显示 ,黄芪可以显著升高冠心病患者 T- AOC并降低MDA和 Ox- L DL 水平 (P均 <0 .0 1)。结论冠心病患者血清胆红素浓度明显降低 ,并由此导致机体抗氧化能力下降和脂质过氧化水平升高 ,但这一变化可以应用黄芪有效纠正     

无比山药丸合八正散加减治疗(肾虚湿热型)围绝经期慢性尿路感染的效果及对XOD、MDA、SOD水平的影响

目的探讨无比山药丸合八正散加减治疗(肾虚湿热型)围绝经期慢性尿路感染的效果以及血清黄嘌呤氧化还原酶(XOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平的影响。方法将固原市中医医院收治的围绝经期慢性尿路感染患者96例随机分为对照组和观察组各48例,对照组患者给予左氧氟沙星0. 2 g/次,3次/d;观察组患者在对照组基础上无比山药丸合八正散加减治疗,1剂/d,2次/d,并给予综合护理措施。连续治疗3个月后,比较Kupperman评分、子宫内膜厚度、激素水平、临床疗效以及血清XOD、MDA、SOD水平。结果观察组患者治疗后Kupperman评分以及血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)水平显著低于对照组患者,雌二醇(E2)明显高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0. 05);观察组患者治疗总有效率87. 50%显著高于对照组患者的68. 75%,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。观察组患者血清XOD、MDA水平明显低于对照组患者,SOD水平显著高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论无比山药丸合八正散加减治疗(肾虚湿热型)围绝经期慢性尿路感染的效果明显,调节XOD、MDA、SOD水平可能与其疗效有关。     

氧自由基损伤在老年轻度认知功能损害发病机制中的作用

目的 了解轻度认知功能损害(MCI)患者血清维生素E(Vit E)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)的水平,探讨氧自由基损伤在老年轻度认知损害发病机制中的作用。方法 采用1:1配对病例对照设计,应用紫外分光光度法测定了45例老年MCI患者和45例健康老年人血清Vit E、SOD和MDA的含量,并进行分析。结果 老年MCI患者血清Vit E含量及SOD活性显著低于健康老年人(P<0.01),血清MDA含量显著高于健康老年人(P<0.01)。结论 氧自由基损伤参与了MCI的病理生理过程;临床上应给予外源性Vit E以进行早期干预治疗。     

Changes in micronutrient concentrations following anti-inflammatory treatment in patients with gastrointestinal cancer

Circulating concentrations of vitamin antioxidants (retinol, alpha-tocopherol, lutein, lycopene, alpha- and beta-carotene) and trace elements (zinc, copper, iron and selenium) plus carrier proteins (albumin, transferrin, caeruloplasmin) in gastrointestinal cancer patients (n = 12) with an inflammatory response (as demonstrated by an elevated C-reactive protein concentration) were compared with a control group (n = 12). Further, the effect of moderating the inflammatory response, using the anti-inflammatory agent ibuprofen, on these measurements was examined in the cancer group. The control and cancer groups were similar in terms of age, sex, and body mass index. However, the cancer group had significantly higher C-reactive protein concentrations (P < 0.001). Concentrations of vitamin antioxidants and trace elements (and carrier proteins) were significantly lower (P < 0.001), except copper (ceruloplasmin) which was significantly higher (P < 0.05). After anti-inflammatory treatment, there were small but significant increases in lutein, lycopene, and beta-carotene (P < 0.05) and in iron and selenium (P < 0.05), whereas ceruloplasmin decreased (P < 0. 05). The micronutrient concentrations in the cancer patients remained different from those in the control subjects. These results support the concept that the magnitude of inflammation plays an important role in the regulation of circulating concentrations of vitamin antioxidants and trace elements in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.     

宫颈癌、子宫肌瘤与微量元素间的关系研究

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了４０例宫颈癌，３０例子宫肌瘤组织和血清中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃａ和Ｓｒ的含量。结果表明，宫颈癌组织和血清中Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ含量和Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值明显高于非病变组织和健康人（Ｐ＜０．００１），而Ｚｎ、Ｃａ、Ｍｎ和Ｓｒ含量明显低于非病变组织，Ｚｎ、Ｃａ含量明显低于健康人血清（Ｐ＜０．０２～Ｐ＜０．００１）。子宫肌瘤组织中Ｆｅ含量和血清中Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值高于非病变组织和健康人血清（Ｐ＜０．００１），而组织中Ｚｎ和血清中Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃａ含量明显低于非病变组织和健康人血清（Ｐ＜０．００１）。宫颈癌患者血清中Ｃｕ含量、Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值和癌组织中Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ明显高于肌瘤患者血清及肌瘤组织（Ｐ＜０．０１～Ｐ＜０．００１）。经ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ多元逐步回归分析，血清中Ｃｕ含量较高者，发生宫颈癌的危险度较高，患者血清中Ｚｎ和组织Ｓｒ含量较高者，发生宫颈癌的危险度较低，Ｃｕ可能是诱发宫颈癌的危险因素。Ｚｎ、Ｓｒ可能是宫颈癌的保护因素。此外，血清中Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值测定对宫颈癌诊断阳性率为７２％，可作为宫颈癌诊断、鉴别指标之一。     

Comparison of serum levels of iron, zinc and copper in anaemic and non-anaemic pregnant women in China

Zinc and copper deficiency is associated with anaemia or iron deficiency and affects fetus growth and pregnant women during pregnancy. To examine iron, zinc and copper status of Chinese pregnant women with and without anaemia in the third trimester, 1185 subjects were enrolled for measurements of Hb, ferritin, transferrin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and serum iron, zinc and copper. The results showed that there were lower levels of ferritin (14.1 microg/L) and transferrin (3.33 g/L) in subjects with Hbor=101 g/L. sTfR levels in subjects with Hbor=120 g/L (38.5 nmol/L vs. 25.04 nmol/L, P<0.001). Serum iron was lower in subjects with Hbor=120 g/L (871 microg/L vs. 990 microg/L, P<0.01). Lower levels of serum iron and zinc were also found in anaemic (Hb<110 g/L) as compared with non-anaemic women (Hb>or=110 g/L). Frequencies of marginal deficiencies in serum iron and zinc were 41.58% and 51.05% respectively higher in anaemic than in non-anaemic subjects. Distribution of serum zinc and iron showed a decreasing trend as Hb decreased. Few anaemic as well as non-anaemic subjects had copper deficiency although copper and Hb levels were found inversely correlated and the ratio of copper/iron was higher in anaemic than in non-anaemic group. In conclusion, a lower level of serum zinc in anaemic pregnant women might be related to anaemia and iron deficiency during pregnancy. Therefore, combined zinc and iron supplementation should be recommended to Chinese pregnant women, especially those with anaemia.     

Alterations in serum levels of trace elements in tuberculosis and HIV infections

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate serum concentrations of trace elements in tuberculosis (TB) patients with or with out human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection before and after anti-TB chemotherapy. SUBJECTS: A total of 155 TB patients, 74 of which were coinfected with HIV, and 31 healthy controls from Gondar, Ethiopia. METHODS: Serum levels of copper, zinc, selenium and iron were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer from all subjects at baseline and from 44 TB patients (22 with HIV coinfection) at the end of an intensive phase of anti-TB chemotherapy. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the concentrations of iron, zinc and selenium were significantly lower (P<0.05) while that of copper and copper/zinc ratio was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the serum of TB patients. TB patients with HIV coinfection had significantly lower serum zinc and selenium concentrations and significantly higher copper/zinc ratio compared to that in TB patients without HIV coinfection (P<0.05). The serum concentration of zinc had significantly increased at the end of intensive phase of anti-TB chemotherapy in patients without HIV coinfection (P<0.05). An increase in serum selenium level was observed in TB patients with or without HIV coinfection after therapy. On the contrary, serum copper concentration and copper/zinc ratio declined significantly after anti-TB chemotherapy irrespective of HIV serostatus (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that TB patients have altered profile of trace elements in their sera. This warrants the need for further investigations so that strategies for trace elements supplementation can be planned in addition to their potential as diagnostic parameters in monitoring responses to anti-TB chemotherapy.     

Acute‐phase reactants and plasma trace element concentrations in non‐small cell lung cancer patients and controls

This study examined the effect of an acute‐phase response on plasma trace element concentrations of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In normal subjects (n = 13) and NSCLC patients (n = 22), fasting concentrations of albumin, C‐reactive protein, the trace elements iron, zinc, copper, and selenium, and their associated proteins transferrin, albumin, ceruloplasmin, and glutathione peroxidase were measured. The NSCLC patients were subdivided into two equal groups depending on whether they had a C‐reactive protein concentration <35 mg/l (Group 1) or >35 mg/l (Group 2). Circulating zinc, iron, and transferrin concentrations were significantly lower in NSCLC Group 1 than in the control group (p < 0.05). Circulating concentrations of iron, zinc, and the binding proteins transferrin and albumin were significantly lower in NSCLC Group 2 than in the control group and NSCLC Group 1 (zinc not significantly different) (p < 0.01). In contrast, circulating concentrations of copper and its binding protein ceruloplasmin were significantly increased in NSCLC Group 2 compared with NSCLC Group 1 and the control group (p < 0.01). Additionally, plasma selenium and glutathione peroxidase concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in NSCLC Group 2 than in NSCLC Group 1 and the control group. In the NSCLC patients there were significant negative correlations between concentrations of C‐reactive protein and iron, transferrin, zinc, albumin, and selenium (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there were also significant positive correlations between C‐reactive protein and copper (r = 0.788, p < 0.001) and ceruloplasmin (r = 0.831, p < 0.001) concentrations. The presence of an acute‐phase response has implications for the interpretation of circulating trace element concentrations, the status of patients with NSCLC, and supplementation with trace elements in patients with NSCLC.     

Effect of sepsis and surgery on trace minerals

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of infection and surgery on serum iron, zinc, and the copper simultaneously. Twenty patients who had emergency abdominal surgery for acute inflammatory conditions, and 15 controls who had elective abdominal surgery were studied. Preoperatively, serum iron levels were significantly decreased in the septic group compared to controls (p less than 0.001). Following surgery and removal of the septic focus, serum iron, ferritin, and zinc levels increased, while serum transferrin levels decreased significantly. Serum copper levels did not show any significant difference. It is concluded that serum iron, transferrin, ferritin, and zinc levels are affected profoundly by septic and the surgical stress.     

微量元素铜锌硒与肺癌的关系探讨

目的 :探讨血清微量元素水平与肺癌之间的关系。方法 :采用 1 80 - 80型原子吸收分光光度计及 UV- 2 1 0 0可见紫外分光光度计测定 31 0例肺癌患者及 48例健康对照者的血清铜、锌、硒水平。结果 :肺癌患者血清锌、硒水平显著低于对照组 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,铜、铜 /锌比值组间无差异 ;但有肿瘤负荷组患者血清铜及铜 /锌比值则高于无肿瘤负荷组 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,血清锌、硒则组间无差异。非条件 Logistic回归分析表明仅锌、硒进入方程 ,且为保护因素。结论 :低锌、低硒可能是肺癌发生的危险因素 ,而血清铜及铜 /锌比值高则可能是肺癌存在的结果。     

食管癌切除术后血清微量元素及其运载蛋白的应激变化

目的:探讨血清铜、锌、铁及其转运蛋白在食管癌切除术后的变化情况。方法:对9名男性和17名女性食管癌患者手术前后抽取血清进行铜、锌、铁及其转运蛋白测定。结果:血清铜、锌、铁在手术初期呈相似变化,即先增加再降低,呈现不同的应激变化。其中锌和铁变化有显著性差异,而血清铜水平变化均无显著性差异(P>0.05);3种转运蛋白均自手术开始时下降,其中白蛋白和转铁蛋白在整个研究期均下降,且有明显差异;而铜蓝蛋白的变化则相应较慢,至第7天才出现显著增高(P<0.05)。结论:外科手术时机体内微量元素的变化极为复杂,对进行大外科手术治疗的患者给予补充一定量的微量元素益于其疾病恢复。     

维生素A改善山区中学生血红蛋白及铁营养状况的作用

在人群调查中维生素Ａ缺乏常与缺铁性贫血共存，为阐明其中的关系，设计了三种含维生素和微量元素的胶囊给山区中学自带菜（一般为简单的干菜）的住校生各１００名服用。Ａ组为全量，Ｂ组去除维生素Ａ，Ｃ组为安慰剂葡萄糖。连续三个月，为单盲法试验／结果表明，在其他营养素供给充分的条件下，维生素Ａ使血清维生素Ａ、暗适应状况改善的同时，血红蛋白水平由试验前的１２１．１ｇ／Ｌ提高为三个月后的１３４．７ｇ／Ｌ，并使血清铁、运铁蛋白饱和度、血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白有显著改善。血清视黄醇当量与血红蛋白、血清铁、运铁蛋白饱和度和转铁蛋白呈明显的正相关。提示维生素Ａ有助于改善血红蛋白及铁状况。