纳米含氟高强度树脂氟释放与再吸收及氟再充效果评价

目的: 测定不同含氟量的纳米含氟高强度树脂的氟释放与再吸收能力,初步探讨临床氟再充方法。方法: 含氟量为10%、20%和30%的纳米含氟高强度树脂作为3个实验组,Fuji Ⅸ型玻璃离子水门汀作为阳性对照组,将材料做成直径5 mm、厚度2 mm各18个样本浸入10 mL去离子水中。每组样本随机抽取5个,采用氟离子选择性电极法测量每24 h氟离子释放量,连续测量30 d并计算氟释放累积量。随后将不含氟的Tetric N-Ceram、通用型、Neofil、Spectrum TPH光固化复合树脂作为阴性对照组,同样各制作18个样本。分别采用多乐氟、FLUORX氟保护漆、柯伯脂氟保护漆、氟化泡沫C型、氟化泡沫A型和1%NaF溶液共6种含氟制剂对各组样本进行氟再充处理并以同样方法测定氟释放累积量。对各组样本氟释放累积量采用单因素方差分析方法进行统计分析。结果: 10%、20%和30%的纳米含氟高强度树脂组及Fuji Ⅸ组均在第1天氟释放量最高,第2天降至较低水平,随后5~30 d氟离子释放趋于平稳。30d氟释放累积量,FujiⅨ组>30%纳米含氟高强度树脂组>20%纳米含氟高强度树脂组>10%纳米含氟高强度树脂组,10%和20%纳米含氟高强度树脂组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余各组材料之间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经6种含氟制剂氟再充处理后的氟释放累积量,FujiⅨ组明显高于其他树脂组(P<0.01);30%纳米含氟高强度树脂组高于各不含氟树脂组即阴性对照组(P<0.05)。氟化泡沫A型处理所有样本后的氟释放累积量高于其他含氟制剂组(P<0.05)。结论: 3种含氟量纳米含氟高强度树脂均可在一定时间内向周围环境持续地释放及再吸收氟离子,含氟量为30%的纳米含氟高强度树脂氟释放及氟再吸收能力更强,氟化泡沫A型具有较好的氟再充效果。     

含氟树脂封闭剂与玻璃离子封闭剂抑制牙釉质脱矿能力的体外研究

目的 观察和比较含氟树脂封闭剂与玻璃离子封闭剂在体外抑制牙釉质脱矿的能力.方法 将30个无龋新鲜拔出的人类第3磨牙完全随机分为3组,每组10个标本,在颊面釉质制备洞型,分别用含氟树脂封闭剂(ClinproTMsealant)、玻璃离子封闭剂(Fuji Ⅸ GP)和不含氟树脂封闭剂(Concise)进行充填,经300次热循环处理后测定每组标本封闭剂边缘外1 mm宽釉质的表面显微硬度值,然后将标本放入人工脱矿液中7 d,最后再次测定脱矿后每组标本釉质的表面显微硬度值.结果 脱矿实验后每组标本表面显微硬度(维氏硬度值,单位HV)下降值分别为:ClinproTM sealant组(87.30±23.84)HV,Fuji Ⅸ GP组(76.90±27.75)HV,Concise组(147.67±46.42)HV.ClinproTMsealant组和FujiⅨGP组与Concise组有显著性差异(P<0.01),而ClinproTMsealant组和FujiⅨGP组之间差别无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 含氟树脂封闭剂与玻璃离子封闭荆都能够有效减少封闭剂边缘釉质的脱矿量,封闭剂所释放的氟离子在某种程度上为邻近釉质抵抗体外脱矿提供保护.     

树脂改良型玻璃离子粘接正畸托槽的体外实验研究

目的：通过体外实验,研究用于正畸托槽粘接的树脂改良型玻璃离子粘固剂的抗剪切强度,为临床应用提供一定的的理论依据。方法：44颗离体前磨牙分为3组。A组：牙面酸蚀干燥后复合树脂质粘接剂（DM）粘结;B组：牙面酸蚀干燥后树脂改良型玻璃离子（RelyX Luting）粘结：C组：牙面酸蚀后湿润条件下树脂改型玻璃离子粘接。24小时后用材料力学实验机检测两种材料的抗剪切强度,统计牙面上粘接材料的残留指数。结果：两种粘接材料的抗剪切强度和粘结荆残留指数差异显著;树脂改良型玻璃离子在湿润和干燥的条件下,其抗剪切强度及粘结剂残留指数差异不显著。结论：体外实验研究中,树脂改良型玻璃离子的抗剪切强度比复合树脂釉质粘接剂的抗剪切强度低,但仍能满足正畸临床要求（6～8Mpa）,尤其在湿润奈件下,具有临床应用前景。     

氟化物的种类及含量对复合树脂氟离子释放特性的影响

目的　研究不同的氟化物、氟化物加入量及浸泡液对复合树脂氟离子释放量的影响。方法　将NaF和K2 TiF6 加入到复合树脂中 ,制成双糊剂型复合树脂 ,使最终每种复合树脂含有一种氟化物 ,氟化物含量分别为 5 %、10 %、15 %、2 0 %,制备 6mm× 3mm的圆片试样 ,每种材料制备 6个试样。将试样分别浸泡于 3 7℃去离子水和人工唾液中 ,每天更换浸泡液。用氟离子选择电极测定浸泡第 8、15、2 2、2 9、62天浸泡液中的氟离子浓度。结果　所有含氟化物的复合树脂释放氟离子的量均显著大于不含氟化物的复合树脂 ;含有NaF的复合树脂释放的氟离子量明显大于相应含量的K2 TiF6复合树脂 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;所有材料在去离子水中氟离子释放量均明显大于在人工唾液中的量 (P <0 .0 1) ,而且氟离子的释放量随浸泡时间的增加而逐渐减少 ,但仍在持续释放。结论　含氟复合树脂的释放特性受到氟化物的种类、加入量、释放介质的影响 ,作为复合树脂中的氟源 ,NaF的释放特性优于K2 TiF6 。     

4种不同含氟窝沟封闭剂氟离子释放和回收的体外研究

目的 检测4种不同含氟窝沟封闭剂的氟离子释放和回收能力.方法 采用4种不同的含氟窝沟封闭剂,包括Fuji VⅡ、FujiⅡLC、Fissurit F 以及Teethmate F-1.将各种材料制备成圆盘状样本,储存在含有5 ml去离子水的聚乙烯试管中,21 d后,用1.23%酸性磷酸氟(APF)凝胶处理每个样本,用氟离...     

两种材料修复楔状缺损的临床疗效观察

目的 对比观察GC Fuji Ⅸ GP加强型玻璃离子水门汀和3M Z250光固化复合树脂修复中度牙颈部楔状缺损的临床疗效.方法 将楔状缺损患牙随机分为两组,A组使用GC Fuji Ⅸ GP加强型玻璃离子水门汀充填,B组使用3M Z250光固化复合树脂进行充填,充填1年后复查其疗效.结果 A组成功率为91.3%,B组成功率为81.1%,经统计学检测A组较B组疗效好.结论 GC Fuji Ⅸ GP玻璃离子具有良好的生物相容性,热膨胀系数接近牙体硬组织,边缘密合好,对牙髓刺激小,可释放氟起到防龋作用,是一种较为理想的楔状缺损修复材料.     

Ceram.X通用纳米陶瓷修复材料治疗牙体楔状缺损疗效观察

目的 比较Ceram.X通用纳米陶瓷修复材料和树脂改良型玻璃离子水门汀GC FujiⅡ充填牙体楔状缺损的效果.方法 选择19例患者26对共52颗患牙,采用自身对照设计方法,分别应用2种修复材料对其进行充填,1年后复查比较二者的临床疗效.利用离体牙模型,通过扫描电镜观察2种修复材料与牙本质的黏结状况.结果 Ceram.X通用纳米陶瓷修复材料充填楔状缺损的临床效果优于改良型玻璃离子水门汀GC FujiⅡ修复材料,2种材料充填楔状缺损差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).扫描电镜观察Ceram.X通用纳米陶瓷修复材料与牙本质之间微隙明显小于树脂改良型玻璃离子水门汀GC FujiⅡ与牙本质之间微隙.结论 Ceram.X通用纳米陶瓷修复材料充填楔状缺损效果较好.     

两种玻璃离子水门汀氟释放的比较研究

[目的] 研究两种玻璃离子水门汀在去离子水中氟释放情况。[材料和方法]各制作10个Fu ji Ⅱ LC和KetacMolar玻璃离子水门汀标本，浸泡于去离子水中，分别于第1-7、14、22、28、50、80天用氟离子选择性电极去离子水中的氟含量进行测定。结果两种材料均有缓慢持续的氟作用，且释氟量随时间延长而降低，第一天释氟量最大，两种材料间的差别有统计学意义。[结论] 两种材料均释氟，具有一定的防龋作用。     

改良型玻璃离子水门汀及复合体Ⅴ类洞型充填的边缘微漏

目的比较两种树脂改良型玻璃离子水门汀和两种树脂复合体的边缘封闭性.方法选用40颗成人离体恒磨牙,制备Ⅴ类洞型,分别充填两种树脂改良型光固化玻璃离子水门汀(GC FujiⅡLC 和VitremerTM)和两种多元酸修饰的树脂复合体(Dyract AP和F2000TM)后行冷热交替试验(5 ℃和55 ℃,循环20次),扫描电镜观察充填体与牙体洞壁间边缘微漏,记录并比较界面中段微隙的总面积和平均宽度.结果各种充填材料在Ⅴ类洞牙合壁和龈壁的边缘封闭性无显著差异.VitremerTM和Dyract AP在龈壁的边缘封闭性均优于牙合壁.结论树脂改良型光固化玻璃离子水门汀与树脂复合体的边缘封闭性相似.     

四种材料治疗牙体楔状缺损的临床疗效观察

目的观察比较流体树脂、光固化复合树脂、加强型玻璃离子水门汀、普通玻璃离子修复楔状缺损的后期临床效果。方法选择80例病人198颗楔状缺损,随机分为四组,分别使用Z350流体树脂(A组)、Z350光固化树脂(B组)、FujiⅡ复合玻璃离子(C组)和FXⅡ玻璃离子(D组)行充填修复,修复后于6个月、12个月门诊随访,采用改良的美国公共卫生署评价系统对治疗后的患牙进行临床效果评价。结果 6个月时FXⅡ玻璃离子的成功率低于其他三组(P<0.05),12个月时,Z350流体树脂、FujiⅡ玻璃离子的疗效均明显优于另外两组(P<0.05)。结论Z350流体树脂和FujiⅡ加强型玻璃离子是修复楔状缺损的理想材料。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.