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1.
Background
Pending revisions to the Common Rule include topics consistent with respect for persons, justice, and beneficence for research subjects in studies using omics technologies and are relevant to omics research.Purpose
Synthesize trends in bioethics, precision health, and omics nursing science for novice and experienced nursing scholars from which to consider bioethics questions.Methods
Review topics addressed in the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) strategic plan, Common Rule pending revisions, and publications regarding human subjects protection policies.Discussion
Omics research involves decisions regarding understandable informed consent, broad consent, data sharing, trust, equal benefit, equal access, societal variables, privacy, data security, and return of findings to participants.Conclusion
Principles of respect for persons, justice, and beneficence as articulated in the Belmont report and reflected in the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics provide guidance for human subjects protection procedures to advance omics and nursing science. 相似文献2.
Lisa J. Sundean E. Carol Polifroni Kathryn Libal Jacqueline M. McGrath 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(3):222-232
Background
Inclusion of nurses on boards (NOB) to enhance health care transformation is recommended; however, there is no research-based rationale for NOB.Purpose
To articulate the rationale for NOB in the voices of nurses who serve.Methods
An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used with priority on the quantitative strand (Delphi method). The qualitative strand was accomplished with focus groups.Findings
Twenty-nine NOB participants (Delphi phase) and nine NOB participants (focus groups) agreed the rationale for NOB is embedded in specific knowledge, skills, and perspectives that nurses contribute for boardroom discussions and policymaking. This study supported anecdotal literature promoting nurses for board leadership.Discussion
Nurses should be appointed to boards of directors based on their knowledge, skills, and perspectives about health care. Board leadership leverages the public's trust in nursing, advances the profession, and positions nurses to influence health care transformation. Further research is recommended. 相似文献3.
4.
Background
Further efforts are warranted to identify innovative approaches to best implement competencies in nursing education. To bridge the gap between competency-based education, practice, and implementation of knowledge, skills, and attitudes, one emerging approach is entrustable professional activities (EPAs).Purpose
The objective of this study was to introduce the concept of EPAs as a framework for curriculum and assessment in graduate nursing education and training.Methods
Seven steps are provided to develop EPAs for nurses through the example of a quality and safety EPA. The example incorporates the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) patient safety competencies and evidence-based literature.Findings
EPAs provide a practical approach to integrating competencies in nursing as quality and safety are the cornerstones of nursing practice, education, and research.Discussion
Introducing the EPA concept in nursing is timely as we look to identify opportunities to enhance nurse practitioner (NP) training models and implement nurse residency programs. 相似文献5.
Marilyn H. Oermann Leslie H. Nicoll Peggy L. Chinn Kathleen S. Ashton Jamie L. Conklin Alison H. Edie Sathya Amarasekara Brittany L. Williams 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(1):4-10
Background
Predatory journals exist in nursing and lack the safeguards of traditional publishing practices.Purpose
To examine the quality of articles published in predatory nursing journals.Method
Randomly selected articles (n = 358) were reviewed for structural content and eight quality indicators.Findings
Two-thirds (67.4%) of the articles were published between 2014 and 2016, demonstrating the acceleration of publications in predatory nursing journals. The majority (75.9%) of the articles were research reports. Most followed the IMRAD presentation of a research report but contained errors, or the study was not pertinent to the nursing discipline.Conclusions
Nursing research published in predatory journals may appear legitimate by conforming to an expected structure. However, a lack of quality is apparent, representing inadequate peer review and editorial processes. Poor quality research erodes the scholarly nursing literature. 相似文献6.
Demetrius A. Abshire Janessa M. Graves Mary Lee Roberts Janet Katz Celestina Barbosa-Leiker Cynthia F. Corbett 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(1):84-93.e3
Background
Factors that contribute to student success in accelerated degree nursing programs are poorly understood and may vary by gender.Purpose
Examine associations between satisfaction with peer and mentor support, gender, and academic outcomes among students in accelerated degree nursing programs.Methods
We used data (demographic variables, satisfaction with peer and mentor support, graduation, and attempts of National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses) from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's New Career in Nursing Program. Multivariable mixed effects regression models were used to examine associations among gender, satisfaction with support, and academic outcomes.Findings
Males had an increased probability of reporting high satisfaction with peer support. Both males and females who were very dissatisfied with peer support were less likely to graduate than students who were very satisfied with peer support. Gender did not moderate the relationships between satisfaction with peer and mentor support and academic outcomes.Conclusion
Peer support is an important aspect of graduation among students in accelerated degree nursing programs. Continuous quality improvement strategies to improve student peer support may be warranted. 相似文献7.
8.
Background
Strategies for increasing research capacity such as internal funding mechanisms and internal peer reviews for grants are essential for schools of nursing. Although these are documented in the literature, their processes and outcomes have not been reported.Purpose
The purposes of this study were to describe three protocols for building research capacity at a school of nursing—intramural pilot grants, Specific Objectives and Aims Reviews, and mock reviews—and quantify their outcomes.Methods
We assessed outcome data on 14 intramural pilot grants and 88 external grant applications from 2012 to 2016.Findings
Pilot grants produced 16 peer-reviewed articles, 33 presentations, and 11 funded grants. For grant applications that underwent any type of internal review, 41.7% (20/48) received funding compared with 20% (8/40) that did not participate, p = .03. Given the resources required to prepare grant applications, internal funding and reviews can enhance return on investment.Conclusion
Schools of nursing should consider implementing intramural pilot grants and internal review sessions. 相似文献9.
Sheila A. Boamah Heather K. Spence Laschinger Carol Wong Sean Clarke 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(2):180-189
Background
Improving patient safety within health care organizations requires effective leadership at all levels.Purpose
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nurse managers' transformational leadership behaviors on job satisfaction and patient safety outcomes.Methods
A random sample of acute care nurses in Ontario (N = 378) completed the crosssectional survey. Hypothesized model was tested using structural equation modeling.Finding
The model fit the data acceptably. Transformational leadership had a strong positive influence on workplace empowerment, which in turn increased nurses' job satisfaction and decreased the frequency of adverse patient outcomes. Subsequently, job satisfaction was related to lower adverse events.Conclusion
The findings provide support for managers' use of transformational leadership behaviors as a useful strategy in creating workplace conditions that promote better safety outcomes for patients and nurses. 相似文献10.
Background
The Precision Medicine Initiative will accelerate genomic discoveries that improve health care, necessitating a genomic competent workforce.Purpose
This study assessed leadership team (administrator/educator) year-long interventions to improve registered nurses' (RNs) capacity to integrate genomics into practice.Methods
We examined genomic competency outcomes in 8,150 RNs.Findings
Awareness and intention to learn more increased compared with controls. Findings suggest achieving genomic competency requires a longer intervention and support strategies such as infrastructure and policies. Leadership played a role in mobilizing staff, resources, and supporting infrastructure to sustain a large-scale competency effort on an institutional basis.Discussion
Results demonstrate genomic workforce competency can be attained with leadership support and sufficient time. Our study provides evidence of the critical role health-care leaders play in facilitating genomic integration into health care to improve patient outcomes. Genomics' impact on quality, safety, and cost indicate a leader-initiated national competency effort is achievable and warranted. 相似文献11.
Joanne Spetz 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(4):394-400
Background
In 2011, the Institute of Medicine recommended that 80% of RNs have a bachelor's degree or higher by 2020. Progress toward this recommendation has been slow.Purpose
This paper presents a model that projects whether the 80% recommendation can be met within a 10-year period and estimates the impact of education changes that might accelerate progress.Methods
A projection model for 2016 to 2026 was created using a “stock-and-flow” approach. Secondary data were extracted from multiple sources for the projections. The model includes the option to enter alternative values of key parameters to estimate the impact of changes.Discussion
Based on current patterns of entry-level and RN-to-BSN education, approximately 66% of RNs are projected to have BSN+?education by 2025.Conclusions
To reach the 80% goal by 2025, changes in the mix of entry-level education and/or an increase in the number of RN-to-BSN graduates will be required. 相似文献12.
Background
Requiring parental consent in studies with sexual minority youth (SMY) can sometimes be problematic as participants may have yet to disclose their sexual orientation, may not feel comfortable asking parents' permission, and may promote a self-selection bias.Purpose
We discuss rationale for waiving parental consent, strategies to secure waivers from review boards, and present participants' feedback on research without parents' permission.Methods
We share our institutional review board proposal in which we made a case that excluding SMY from research violates ethical research principles, does not recognize their autonomy, and limits collection of sexuality data.Discussion
Standard consent policies may inadvertently exclude youth who are at high risk for negative health outcomes or may potentially put them at risk because of forced disclosure of sexual orientation. Securing a waiver addresses these concerns and allows for rich data, which is critical for providers to have a deeper understanding of their unique sexual health needs.Conclusion
To properly safeguard and encourage research informed by SMY, parental consent waivers may be necessary. 相似文献13.
Ying Xue Elizabeth Greener Viji Kannan Joyce A. Smith Carol Brewer Joanne Spetz 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(3):263-272
Background
Federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) were designed to provide care in medically underserved areas. Substantial and sustained federal funding has accelerated FQHC growth.Purpose
To examine temporal trends in primary care provider supply and whether FQHCs have been successful in reducing the gap in provider supply in primary care health professional shortage areas (HPSAs).Methods
Retrospective cohort study design using national county-level data from 2009 to 2013. Primary care providers included physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants.Findings
Partial-county HPSAs had the highest average provider supply and the greatest increase, followed by non-HPSA counties and whole-county HPSAs. The provider gap was larger in whole-county HPSAs compared with partial-county HPSAs. Counties with one or more FQHC sites had a smaller provider gap than those without FQHC sites. An increase of one FQHC site was statistically significantly associated with a reduction in the annual provider gap.Discussion
FQHCs reduced the gap in primary care provider supply in shortage counties and mitigated uneven distribution of the primary care workforce. 相似文献14.
Kathryn Wirtz Rugen Nancy Harada Faith Harrington Mary A. Dolansky Judith L. Bowen 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(4):352-364
Background
Nurse Practitioner (NP) Postgraduate Residency programs are rapidly expanding. Currently, little is known about trainees' self-perceptions during these experiences.Purpose
Describe NP residents' perceptions of their strengths, areas for improvement, and goals while participating in the Veterans Affairs Centers of Excellence in Primary Care Education NP Residency program.Methods
NP residents responded to open-ended questions at three time points across their training year. Responses were analyzed using inductive and deductive approaches.Findings
NP residents self-reported strengths in patient-centered care and interprofessional teamwork. They identified clinical skill acquisition as the major area for improvement. Their short- and long-term goals focused on personal and professional growth.Discussion
These results suggest NPs prioritize clinical skill acquisition during a primary care residency. In contrast, leadership and performance improvement skills did not capture their attention. When aggregated at the programmatic level, assessments identified opportunities to improve the NP Residency program curriculum. 相似文献15.
Background
Nurses’ modifiable lifestyles have important health-related consequences.Purpose
To examine the literature on U.S. hospital nurses’ activity, diet, and health outcomes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).Method
A systematic review using of the literature from June 2006 to June 2016 resulted in 13 studies on U.S. hospital nurses’ diet, physical activity and CVD and HRQOL outcomes. Methodological rigor was assessed using Cummings et al., adapted quality rating tool.Discussion
Nurses are at risk for poor health outcomes due to inadequate physical activity (60%–74%) and eating a poor quality diet (53%–61%). Fewer than 5% of U.S. nurses engage in five healthy lifestyle behaviors (diet, activity, no tobacco, alcohol, and weight). Adequate physical activity contributes to better HRQOL and a healthy diet reduces CVD risks (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, stroke).Conclusions
Nurses’ inactivity and poor diet increases risks for CVD and diminished HRQOL. 相似文献16.
Lisa M. Klein Daniel Young Du Feng Annette Lavezza Stephanie Hiser Kelly N. Daley Erik H. Hoyer 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(3):254-262
Background
Hospital-acquired functional decline due to decreased mobility has negative impacts on patient outcomes. Current nurse-directed mobility programs lack a standardized approach to set achievable mobility goals.Purpose
We aimed to describe implementation and outcomes from a nurse-directed patient mobility program.Method
The quality improvement mobility program on the project unit was compared to a similar control unit providing usual care. The Johns Hopkins Mobility Goal Calculator was created to guide a daily patient mobility goal based on the level of mobility impairment.Findings
On the project unit, patient mobility increased from 5.2 to 5.8 on the Johns Hopkins Highest Level of Mobility score, mobility goal attainment went from 54.2% to 64.2%, and patients exceeding the goal went from 23.3% to 33.5%. All results were significantly higher than the control unit.Discussion
An individualized, nurse-directed, patient mobility program using daily mobility goals is a successful strategy to improve daily patient mobility in the hospital. 相似文献17.
Elisha Lilienfeld Patrice K. Nicholas Suellen Breakey Inge B. Corless 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(5):482-494
Background
In 2000, the United Nations (UN) introduced the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), described as a global movement with the primary aim of ending world-wide poverty (“Millennium Summit,” 2000). The second phase of the project, known as the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) agenda offers an increased emphasis on lessening the mitigating factors associated with climate change and adapting to the negative effects of climate change. Nurses are in the unique position to address the health-related impacts related to climate change through community health approaches aimed at education and promotion of environmental stewardship.Purpose
The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the relationships among the health consequences of climate change, nursing literature on climate change, and nursing implications. The following will be addressed: “What is nursing's role in policy, practice, and advocacy when addressing the effects of climate change? What is the importance of the SDGs as a framework for addressing climate change in the role of nursing?”Method
This scoping review of the literature was conducted which included the evaluation of a broad range of articles using scoping methods as frameworks.Findings
An overarching theme regarding the nursing community's responsibility in addressing the effects of climate change and their role as advocates, educators, and global citizens was extracted from the scoping review.Discussion
There are many opportunities for nurses to become actively involved in efforts aimed at mitigation, adaptation, and resilience efforts in climate change, including becoming involved in policy, advocacy, research, and practice opportunities. 相似文献18.
Casey R. Shillam Jeffrey M. Adams Debbie Chatman Bryant Joy P. Deupree Suzanne Miyamoto Matt Gregas 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(2):130-137
Purpose
This study aims to describe the development and psychometric evaluation of the Leadership Influence Self-Assessment (LISA©) tool.Background
LISA© was designed to help nurse leaders assess and enhance their influence capacity by measuring influence traits and practices and identifying areas of strength and weakness.Methods
Concepts identified in the Adams Influence Model and input from content experts guided the development of 145 items for testing. Administered to 165 nurse leaders, the assessment was subjected to exploratory factor analysis (EFA).Findings
EFA yielded a four-factor solution that comprised 80 items. Cronbach's alpha for factors ranged between 0.912 and 0.938. All factor loadings were >0.4; the smallest factor contained 14 items. Items grouped together in the theoretical model also clustered together in the EFA.Conclusions
Preliminary psychometric testing supports validity and reliability of the LISA© and its potential use as a tool to assess influence capacity for purposes of leadership development and research. 相似文献19.
Marguerite Littleton-Kearney 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(5):470-472
Background
Pragmatic clinical trials are used to test the efficacy of interventions in a real-world clinical practice setting.Purpose
The purpose of this article was to summarize the presentation given at the Council on Advancement of Nursing Science 2017 Meeting.Methods
Key science focus areas of the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines relevant to pragmatic clinical trials were reviewed.Discussion
The NIH supports some large-scale pragmatic trials and NINR participates in two of them. Generally, the NINR supports small-scale pragmatic trials that are a mission fit with the NINR. Now pragmatic trials are subject to the new NIH clinical trial requirements.Conclusion
Investigators must respond to a specific clinical trial announcement and use the new clinical trial application forms. The NINR program staff are a valuable resource to answer questions that investigators may have regarding their pragmatic clinical trial proposal. 相似文献20.