共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
Samuel T. Olatunbosun Jay S. Kaufman Andrew F. Bella 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(5):519-527
Objective
To assess the occurrence of central obesity and identify its predictors in urban Africans using anthropometric tools. Another objective was to evaluate the anthropometric indices and their interaction with various cardiovascular risk factors.Methods
In an obesity survey in a major Nigerian city, we measured the prevalence of central obesity in 998 randomly selected men and women using the IDF (International Diabetes Federation) criteria. Normalized values of three anthropometric indices, waist circumference (WC), WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) and WHtR (waist-to-height ratio) were also employed in assessing central adiposity and its predictors in the population.Results
Most (61%) female participants had central obesity compared with 9% of the males based on the IDF waist criteria. Higher income level and physical inactivity were associated with central obesity (p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, older participants and women were more likely to have central obesity (p < 0.001), but men had higher WHR than women at the same body mass index. WC was a stronger predictor of glucose intolerance than WHR, whereas WHR was more predictive of hypertension than WC. WHR showed a strong relationship with hypertension but not with glucose intolerance. WHtR was predictive of plasma glucose and diastolic blood pressure. WC showed strongest correlation with other indices.Conclusions
Central obesity was highly prevalent among women in this sample. It was associated with age, gender, socioeconomic status, physical inactivity, and it predicted glucose intolerance and hypertension. WC was a major determinant of both cardiovascular risk factors. It showed best correlation with other anthropometric indices. 相似文献2.
Kimberly S. Johnson Kevin L. Thomas Sandro O. Pinheiro Laura P. Svetkey 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(4):305-313
Background
Disparities in health and healthcare are widely documented for underrepresented racial and ethnic populations across a spectrum of diseases and care settings. An evidence base for addressing racial and ethnic disparities in health and healthcare requires investigators trained to conduct health disparities research.Objective
To increase knowledge, stimulate interest, teach skills to evaluate and conduct, and foster collaborations in health disparities research.Design
We designed, implemented and evaluated a Health Disparities Research Curriculum (HDRC).Participants were early-stage investigators.Intervention
HDRC included twelve monthly sessions during 2015–2016. Instructors were mostly HDR investigators. Sessions combined didactic presentations, discussions, small group activities, and participant presentations.Measures
Pre- and post-surveys to assess participants' perceptions of knowledge and skills.Results
Of 21 enrollees, 13 were from under-represented groups and 14 were women. Four reported some prior training in HDR, and 12 reported currently conducting HDR.Among the 12 participants who completed both the pre and post HDRC survey, initially the most commonly cited barriers to pursuing HDR were lack of knowledge (N = 6) and funding (N = 7). In the post-survey, the number citing lack of knowledge decreased (N = 2) and the number listing lack of funding increased (N = 9). There were increases in the number of participants reporting increased knowledge of HDR methods (pre-post: 4 vs. 8) and competence to design (3 vs. 7) and implement (2 vs. 9) HDR research.Conclusions
The Duke HDRC augments efforts to reduce health disparities by providing training in HDR for young investigators. Our data indicate that the course was feasible, well-received, and increased perceived knowledge and competence. HDRC and similar courses may increase the quantity, quality and scope of HDR and thus move us closer to health equity. 相似文献3.
Padmanabha Nandan Arun Kumar Nayanatara Roopesh Poojary K. Bhagyalakshmi M. Nirupama Rekha D. Kini 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(1):98-102
Purpose
Obesity in females is an emerging health problem. The consumption of MSG has been considered as a risk factor for obesity. The tastemakers in Chinese and fast foods, such as fish sauce and soy sauce, contain very high levels of glutamate. The deficiency of Vitamin D is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of co-administration of Vitamin D on body weight control in MSG-induced obese rats.Methods
Eighteen adult female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups equally. The first group (Group I) was treated with saline served as the control; the second group (Group II) received a daily oral dose of 5 g/kg Body weight of MSG; the third group (Group III) received the same dose of MSG along with calcitriol (0.2 mcg/kg BW) for 15 days.Results
The body weight, food, and water intake were measured. MSG treated rats showed a significant increase (P < 0.001) in the body weight, food, and water intake but significant decrease (P < 0.001) was observed in the rats treated with MSG along with Vitamin D.Conclusion
Ingestion of Vitamin D suppresses body weight gain in MSG-induced obese rats. Active agents in Vitamin D are useful for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Foods tested with high glutamate levels can be fortified with minute quantities of calcitriol to combat the adverse effects without compromising on the taste of the food processed. The fortification of junk foods might also combat largely prevalent Vitamin D deficiency in India. 相似文献4.
Babalola Ishmael Afolabi Bolanle Olubunmi Ibitoye Rosemary Temidayo Ikem Adeleye Dorcas Omisore Bukunmi Michael Idowu David Olubukunmi Soyoye 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(3):256-264
Background
Metabolic risk factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) include Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity and dyslipidaemia. Prevention or management of these risk factors with glycaemic control, weight reduction and low serum lipid levels respectively have been reported to reduce the risk of NAFLD or slow its progression. Since ultrasound (USS) is a safe and reliable method of identifying fatty changes in the liver, this study was done to determine the relationship between glycaemic control and ultrasound diagnosed NAFLD in T2DM.Methodology
: Demographic data, anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests including glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum lipids of 80 T2DM subjects aged 40-80 years were taken. Their livers were evaluated using B-mode ultrasound, and the data obtained were statistically analysed using SPSS version 20.Results
Fifty-five of all participants (68.8%) were diagnosed with NAFLD sonographic grades 1, 2 and 3 made up of 13 (16.3%), 26 (32.5%) and 16 (20.0%), respectively while 25 (37.2%) had grade 0. The prevalence of NAFLD in T2DM varied significantly with BMI (p = 0.001) and glycaemic control (p = 0.048) while the USS grades of NAFLD varied significantly with age (p = 0.043) and BMI (p = 0.006). The independent strong predictors of NAFLD were overweight (r = 0.409, p = 0.012, OR = 6.626) and obesity (r = 0.411 p = 0.009, OR = 11.508), while poor glycaemic control (r = 0.270, p = 0.015, OR = 3.473) was a moderate independent predictor.Conclusion
The prevalence of NAFLD increases with increasing BMI and HBA1c in T2DM, while its ultrasound grade varies with BMI. Overweight, obesity and poor glycaemic control are independent predictors of NAFLD. 相似文献5.
Anna L. Chien Ji Qi Radhika Grandhi Tamia Harris-Tryon Noori Kim Min Soo Jang Omolara Olowoyeye Diane Kuhn Sherry Leung Barbara M. Rainer Flora Poon Sabrina Sisto Alessi César Jean Suh Nancy Cheng Ginette A. Okoye Sewon Kang 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(6):534-539
Background
Increased photoprotection by natural melanin allows for African-Americans to be less impacted by photoaging than Caucasians. However, less is known about chronological aging in this population.Objective
To create a photonumeric scale for African-Americans to evaluate chronological skin aging and to explore contributing elements to intrinsic aging.Methods
Standardized photographs of the upper inner arm were taken from 75 African-American participants. Five participants were chosen as standards to create a 9-point photonumeric scale (0 = none, 8 = most severe). The scale was utilized by three blinded dermatologists to independently rate participants' photographs.Results
The interrater agreements were 0.768 (95% CI: 0.671–0.834) for trial 1 and 0.725 (0.608–0.794) for trial 2. The intrarater agreements were 0.757 (0.596–0.875), 0.850 (0.771–0.903), and 0.790 (0.686–0.855) for the three raters. Averaged chronological aging scores were correlated with participants' survey responses, which revealed age as a significant predictor (r = 0.72, p < 0.001).Limitation
Our study was limited by the sample size, although the number of study participants was similar on a investigation in Caucasians.Conclusion
This study created the first reliable photonumeric scale for chronologic skin aging in African-Americans and found increased age and greater BMI as contributors to intrinsic skin aging phenotype in this population. 相似文献6.
Anna L. Chien Ji Qi Radhika Grandhi Noori Kim Sabrina Sisto Alessi César Tamia Harris-Tryon Min Soo Jang Omolara Olowoyeye Diane Kuhn Sherry Leung Barbara M. Rainer Flora Poon Jean Suh Nancy Cheng Ginette A. Okoye Sewon Kang 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(2):176-181
Background
African–Americans are less affected by photoaging than lighter skin individuals. Although scales for photoaging have been developed for Caucasians and Asians, no scale exists for African–Americans.Aim
To develop a photonumeric scale for photoaging and to determine factors that contribute to photoaging in African–Americans.Methods
Five participants' photographs were selected as standards to create a 9-point photonumeric scale (0 = none, 8 = most severe). Three blinded dermatologists used the scale to grade the remaining participants' photographs.Results
Interrater reliabilities were 0.775 (95% CI: 0.635, 0.880) for trial 1 and 0.832 (0.747, 0.883) for trial 2. Intrarater reliabilities, assessed over a 1 week interval, were 0.863 (0.727, 0.940), 0.928 (0.890, 0.954), and 0.866 (0.739, 0.935) for the three graders, indicating strong agreement. Photoaging scores were then correlated with participants' survey on lifestyle factors, which yielded age as a significant predictor (r = 0.91, p < 0.001). Furthermore, multiple regression model to predict facial photoaging (adjusted R2 = 0.849) selected age (b1 = 0.111, p < 0.001), sun exposure (b2 = 0.206, p = 0.014), and gender (b2 = ?0.388, p = 0.063) as the most important variables.Conclusions
A reliable photonumeric scale for photoaging in African Americans was developed. Age, sun exposure, and male gender were found to be contributory factors to photoaging. 相似文献7.
Qiaochao Chen Shaofang Zhu Jianjun Liao Wen He 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(3):287-296
Background
The present study investigated risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients found to be hypertensive during hospitalization who were prescribed angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor antagonists (ARB) + diuretic combinations, in order to determine which type of diuretic or combination of diuretics used in ACE/ARB-treated patients leads to a higher risk of acute kidney injury.Method
Data on basic information, medical history, diagnostic information and medications prescribed were obtained from the patients' medical records. Retrospective analysis of potential risk factors and ACEI/ARB + diuretic use with AKI was performed.Results
Multivariate analysis showed initial risk factors for AKI to be chronic kidney disease and poor cardiac function. In univariate analysis, patients whose baseline serum creatinine was between 115 and 265 μmol/L also had a higher risk of AKI. The combination of furosemide and spironolactone produced only approximately a third of the risk of AKI as the combination of hydrochlorothiazide and spironolactone.Conclusions
Chronic kidney disease and poor cardiac function are major risk factors for AKI in hypertensive inpatients using ACEI/ARB + diuretic therapy. The combination of thiazide diuretic and aldosterone antagonist had a higher risk of AKI than other single diuretics or diuretic combinations. 相似文献8.
Charlotte Baker Jill Powell Dominic Le Melissa S. Creary Lori-Ann Daley Mary Anne McDonald Charmaine DM. Royal 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(6):564-573
Objective
To describe the perspectives and experiences of athletic trainers, coaches, and student-athletes approximately three years post-implementation of the NCAA sickle cell trait (SCT) screening policy.Participants
Two-hundred and eight student-athletes, 32 athletic trainers, and 43 coaches from 10 NCAA Division I (DI) institutions in North Carolina from January to June 2014.Methods
Two online surveys were used to assess knowledge, perspectives, and experiences.Results
Athletic staff were more supportive than student-athletes of the need for the policy. Noted challenges included variation in implementation and follow-up for SCT-positive athletes, financial costs to institutions and athletes, and timing of the screening.Conclusions
More education about SCT is needed for student-athletes and athletic staff in order to help make the implementation more successful. All parties need to be in agreement regarding the importance of knowing which student-athletes have SCT and how that information will be utilized. 相似文献9.
Mohammad Reza Akbari Ali Ahmadi Shiva Mirkalantari Jafar Salimian 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(1):84-87
Background
Regarding to the importance of cholera in Iran and the potential advantages of egg yolk antibody (IgY) for immunotherapy, the aim of this study was to produce IgY antibody against V. cholerae Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and determine its potential for V. cholerae treatment.Methods
LPS was prepared, and the Anti-V. cholerae LPS IgY was purified from egg yolk and serially diluted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), mixed with V. cholerae and then gavaged into several groups of suckling mice.Results
The yield of Anti-LPS IgY extraction was 40 mg/Egg yolk. The results demonstrated that up to approximately 75 ng of IgY can detect specifically V. cholerae. The lowest protective dose of anti-V. cholerae LPS IgY was 2.5 μg.Conclusions
The produced anti-Vibrio LPS specific IgY showed a good reactivity with its specific antigen and it may use as a complimentary oral immunotherapy for cholera disease. 相似文献10.
Roya Nikjou Rafat Kazemzadeh Firoozeh Asadzadeh Razzag Fathi Farideh Mostafazadeh 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(3):265-269
Objectives
The menopause is a natural biological process that is happened by a permanent regal stop due to the loss of performance. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of lavender aromatherapy on the menopause symptoms.Study design
This double-blind cross over clinical trial carried out on 100 menopause women (between 45 and 155 years old) referring to health centers in Ardabil in 2013-14. The samples blocked randomly, placed in two experimental (Lavender) and control (diluted milk) groups. Lavender aroma is smelled two times daily for 20 min during 12 weeks by research subjects. Data were collected by Green questionnaire and the analysis of data carried out in SPSS v.16 by paired t-test.Main outcome measures
The level of the symptoms has been decreased significantly after using lavender.Results
Comparing the level of the symptoms before and after using lavender in experimental group suggested that the rate of the menopause symptoms has been decreased significantly (P = 0.000). The comparison of the mean of the menopause symptoms after intervention between two groups suggested that the menopause symptoms in the experimental group had a significant decrease comparing the control group (P = 0.000).Conclusion
Using the lavender aromatherapy decreases menopause symptoms. According to the undesirable effect of the menopause symptoms on the quality of life of the menopausal women, these interventions may be instructed by midwives in the treatment and care centers as a health activity. 相似文献11.
Birsen Unsal Koyuncu Mustafa Karaca Funda Sari Ramazan Sari 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(6):574-578
Introduction
Although skin tag is associated with diabetes mellitus, no data in the literature show that the presence of skin tag is associated with diabetic macro and microangiopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, macro and micro angiopathy in type 2 diabetic patients with and without skin tag.Material and Methods
We evaluated 99 (40 female and 59 male) type 2 diabetic patients. All patients were evaluated for blood pressure, body mass index, lipids, HbA1c, macroangiopathy (peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease), microangiopathy (neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy) and skin tag.Results
Age, HbA1c and body mass index were 65.0 ± 14.2 years, 8.1 ± 2.0% and 30.5 ± 6.4 kg/m2, respectively. The frequency of skin tags 53.5%, dyslipidemia 68.7%, hypertension 69.7%, obesity 39.4%, macroangiopathy 61.6% (peripheral vascular disease 12.1%, cerebrovascular disease 16.2%, and coronary heart disease 49.5%), microangiopathy 63.6% (neuropathy 21.2%, nephropathy 38.4%, retinopathy 38.4%) were detected. Higher body mass index (p = 0.04) and frequency of obesity (p = 0.03) were detected in patients with skin tag than without skin tag. Age (p = 0.8), gender (p = 0.6), HbA1c (p = 0.4) and the presence of dyslipidemia (p = 0.4), hypertension (p = 0.6), macroangiopathy (p = 0.2), and microangiopathy (p = 0.9) were not different in patients with and without skin tag.Conclusion
We conclude that presence of skin tag is merely related to obesity and may not be strongly associated with macro- and microangiopathy in type 2 diabetic individuals. Further studies with large patient population are required to elucidate the association between the presence of skin tag and diabetic angiopathy. 相似文献12.
Eva N. Woodward Jennifer L. Walsh Theresa E. Senn Michael P. Carey 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(4):371-377
Background
Stress is associated with unhealthy behaviors and premature morbidity and mortality, especially among those of low socioeconomic status (SES). Clarifying the roles of stress-related risk and protective factors can guide interventions designed to reduce stress and improve health among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.Purpose
(1) Replicate prior research showing that lower SES is associated with higher stress in a predominantly racial minority, socioeconomically disadvantaged sample, and (2) test the hypothesis that different types of social support (a protective factor) mitigate the deleterious effects of SES on self-reported perceived stress.Methods
Low-income patients (N = 508, 54% male, 68% African American, Mage = 28) from a publicly-funded clinic provided demographic information and then completed measures of perceived stress and social support. Four types of social support were assessed (viz., affectionate, emotional/informational, positive social interaction, and tangible). Structural equation modeling tested the hypothesized associations among SES, social support, and stress.Results
Individuals of lower SES, β = ?0.27 (0.08), p < 0.01, and lower overall social support, β = ?0.47 (0.05), p < 0.001, reported higher stress. Social support moderated associations between SES and stress, with participants with lower SES benefitting the most from social support. Of the four types of social support that were measured, positive social interaction was the strongest moderator, β = 0.20 (0.08), p = 0.01.Conclusions
The associations among SES, stress, and social support corroborate prior research. Positive social interaction was particularly important for decreasing stress among socioeconomically disadvantaged persons. 相似文献13.
Background
The reported associations of blood lipid profiles with asthma are ambiguous.Objective
To explore the association between asthma and the serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).Methods
A systematic search was performed in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Chinese Biomedical Literature databases. Ten studies were identified. We divided these studies into 2 subgroups according to age: children (<18 years old) and adults (≥18 years old).Results
In children, the asthma group had lower HDL-C levels (weighted mean difference, ?3.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], ?5.83 to ?1.04; P = .005) compared with the nonasthma group, whereas the serum levels of LDL-C in these 2 groups were not statistically different. In contrary, in adults, the asthma group had higher LDL-C levels (weighted mean difference, 8.95; 95% confidence interval, 3.55–14.35; P = .001) compared with the nonasthma group, whereas the HDL-C levels were not statistically different.Conclusion
There is a significant association between asthma and the serum levels of HDL-C and LDL-C. Moreover, this association differs in children and adults. 相似文献14.
Melishia Bansa Darryl Brown Daniela DeFrino Nicholas Mahoney Alexandria Saulsberry Monika Marko-Holguin Joshua Fogel Tracy R.G. Gladstone Benjamin W. Van Voorhees 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(2):130-142
Background
This study explored the implementation of Chicago Urban Resiliency Building (CURB), a randomized clinical trial designed as an Internet-based primary care depression prevention intervention for urban African American and Latino adolescents.Methods
We utilized a mixed methods analysis to explore four aims. First, we estimated the percent of at-risk adolescents that were successfully screened. Second, we examined clinic site factors and performance. Third, primary care providers (n = 10) and clinic staff (n = 18) were surveyed to assess their knowledge and attitudes about the intervention. Fourth, clinic staff (nursing and medical assistant) interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis to gather perspectives of the implementation process.Results
We found that the estimated percent of at-risk adolescents who were successfully screened in each clinic varied widely between clinics with a mean of 14.48%. Daily clinic communication was suggestive of greater successful screening. Feasibility of screening was high for both primary care providers and clinic staff. Clinic staff exit interviews indicated the presence of community barriers that inhibited successful implementation of the intervention.Conclusion
This study shares the challenges and successes for depression screening and implementing Internet-based mental health interventions for urban racial/ethnic minority adolescents in primary care settings. 相似文献15.
Derek A. DuBay Nataliya Ivankova Ivan Herby Yu-Mei Schoenberger David T. Redden Cheryl Holt Laura Siminoff Mona Fouad Michelle Y. Martin 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2017,109(4):287-293
Background
African Americans (AA) are a third as likely as Caucasians to become registered organ donors at the Department of Motorized Vehicles (DMV). The Department of Health and Human Services has set the goal that at least 50% of adults in each state are registered donors.Aims
The purpose of this study was to explore the personal, behavioral and environmental factors associated with AA donor registration decision-making at the DMV.Methods
Guided by the Social Cognitive Theory, 13 focus groups (n = 100 participants) were conducted with AAs within 3 months of visiting a DMV and making a decision regarding whether to become or to not become a registered donor. The data were analyzed using inductive thematic and qualitative content analyses.Results
Study participants expressed a desire to learn more information while waiting in line at the DMV. Knowing a family member or friend in need of an organ transplant, and the desire to make one's own decision were two salient factors associated with the decision to become a registered organ donor. Several aspects of the DMV environment (e.g., noisy, overcrowded, lacking privacy) were cited as deterrents to becoming a registered donor.Discussion
This study highlights the personal, behavioral and environmental factors associated with AA organ donor registration decision-making at the DMV.Conclusion
The DMV is a setting where many adults make a decision about organ donation. Policies that create an environment in the DMV to support informed decision-making (e.g., privacy, informed clerks, available educational materials, etc.) are indicated. 相似文献16.
Background
The clinical characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlapped with bronchial asthma (COPD-BA) have not been discussed thoroughly.Objective
To reveal the clinical features of patients with COPD-BA, to evaluate the risk factors of COPD-BA, and to provide suggestions for COPD individualized therapy.Methods
A retrospective observational study was performed. A total of 182 patients with COPD (90 with COPD-BA and 92 with pure COPD) were recruited in the study. Information on the following items was collected: demographics, clinical manifestations, complications, laboratory findings, other histories, and inpatient treatments during exacerbation.Results
A total of 182 patients were diagnosed with COPD, with 90 (49.45%) being classified as having COPD-BA. Patients with COPD-BA were more likely to be female (P = .004) and experienced more severe respiratory exacerbations (P = .04) despite being younger (P = .008). Those patients at onset of recurrent cough and sputum production were younger (P = .001). Significantly, a positive asthmatic family history (P = .03) was observed. Patients with COPD-BA usually had higher level of total serum IgE (although no differences were observed), had higher positive rates of the serum specific IgE (P = .004), and were more like to have an allergic history (P = .003). Allergic factor was the risk factor of COPD-BA (odds ratio, 4.477). During hospitalization, patients with COPD-BA tended to be treated with systemic corticosteroids (P = .008).Conclusion
Patients with COPD-BA were characterized by persistent airflow limitation with unique clinical features. Allergic factor was associated with the presence of asthmatic characteristics in patients with COPD. When hospitalized for exacerbation, the individualized therapy for COPD-BA might include the use of corticosteroids systemically. 相似文献17.
Wen-Yi Tseng Yeong-Jian Jan Wu Tai-Yun Yang Nien-Yi Chiang Wen-Pin Tsai Siamon Gordon Gin-Wen Chang Chang-Fu Kuo Shue-Fen Luo Hsi-Hsien Lin 《Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection》2018,51(4):485-491
Background
GPR56/ADGRG1 is a member of the adhesion-class G protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR) family important in brain development, oncogenesis and tumor metastasis. Like other aGPCRs, GPR56 is cleaved at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif into an N-terminal fragment (NTF) and a C-terminal fragment (CTF). Existence of soluble GPR56 (sGPR56) has been shown in vitro, however the underlying mechanism and its pathophysiologic role remains undetermined.Objective
To assess the presence of sGPR56 in human serum using ELISA assay and compare the serum sGPR56 levels among patients of various chronic inflammatory diseases and healthy subjects.Patients and methods
In this study, serum samples from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 57), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 95), Sjögren's syndrome (SS) (n = 29), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (n = 51), and normal controls (n = 81) were analyzed using sGPR56-specific ELISA.Result
We show that serum sGPR56 levels are increased in patients of RA, but not in those with SLE, SS and AS. Intriguingly, serum sGPR56 levels in RA patients correlated with positive rheumatoid factor, a marker of bone erosion and poor outcome. In addition, an elevated sGPR56 level is also noted in RA patients with higher tumor necrosis factor level.Conclusion
we conclude that sGPR56 is present in vivo and sGPR56 level is elevated in certain chronic inflammatory diseases such as RA. Hence, sGPR56 might be considered a potential biomarker for RA disease progression. 相似文献18.
Ching-Hsun Wang Feng-Yee Chang Tsu-Yi Chao Woei-Yau Kao Ching-Liang Ho Yeu-Chin Chen Ming-Shen Dai Ping-Ying Chang Yi-Ying Wu Jung-Chung Lin 《Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection》2018,51(1):123-131
Background
The aim of this study was to compare the risk factors and clinical outcomes of bacteremia in allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT and auto-HSCT) recipients with levofloxacin prophylaxis during the early period after transplantation.Methods
Characteristics of bacteremia within 45 days after transplantation between allo-HSCT and auto-HSCT recipients who received levofloxacin prophylaxis between January 2005 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.Results
Of 105 HSCT recipients included in this study, 55 (52.4%) received an allo-HSCT and 50 (47.6%) received an auto-HSCT. Twenty-five patients (23.8%) with HSCT developed 28 episodes of bacteremia. Of these 25 bacteremia patients, 15 received an allo-HSCT, while 10 received an auto-HSCT. The occurrence of Grade 3–4 graft-versus-host disease and longer engraftment duration were associated with bacteremia in allo- and auto-HSCT recipients (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Auto-HSCT recipients with bacteremia had a longer hospital stay after transplantation, while allo-HSCT recipients with bacteremia had an increased 45-day mortality rate as compared with those without bacteremia (p = 0.014 and p = 0.013, respectively). All 14 Gram-negative blood isolates in this study were resistant to fluoroquinolone.Conclusion
Levofloxacin prophylaxis in HSCT recipients is associated with the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The risk factors and clinical outcomes of bacteremia differ between allo- and auto-HSCT recipients, and these differences should be taken into account when designing strategies to prevent bacteremia. 相似文献19.
Yetunde A. Kuyinu Babatunde A. Odugbemi Shukrat O. Salisu-Olatunji Funmilade O. Adepoju Olumuyiwa O. Odusanya 《Journal of the National Medical Association》2018,110(1):88-91
Background
Nigeria is one of the ten countries with the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden globally and is experiencing an increasing incidence of drug resistance. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance (DR-TB) among patients screened at the TB clinic of a tertiary institution in Lagos, South-West, Nigeria.Methods
A review of records of 840 patients with suspected drug-resistant TB was carried out from Gene Xpert test clinic register at a tertiary health facility from November 2013 to April 2015. The Data was analyzed with SPSS version 20, Chi square test was used to determine association between DR-TB and the factors examined and the level of significance was set at P < 0.05.Results
MTB detection among all screened suspects was 43.3%. The prevalence of rifampicin resistance was 17.6% among patients that were investigated for DR-TB and this occurred more in the working age group (15-54 years) with male to female ratio of 1.8:1. However, only history of close contact with known DR-TB patient was associated with DR-TB (P < 0.01).Conclusion
The burden of DR-TB may be higher than previously thought. Drug resistance testing should be made more available to detect cases and thus control the emerging problem. 相似文献20.
Adam P. Campbell Katie M. Phillips Lloyd P. Hoehle Allen L. Feng Regan W. Bergmark David S. Caradonna Stacey T. Gray Ahmad R. Sedaghat 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2017,118(3):286-289