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1.
Soraia M. Silva Fernanda I. Corrêa Paula F. C. Silva Daniela F. T. Silva Paulo R. G. Lucareli Jo?o C. F. Corrêa 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2015,19(2):137-145
BACKGROUND:
Handgrip strength is currently considered a predictor of overall muscle strength and functional capacity. Therefore, it is important to find reliable and affordable instruments for this analysis, such as the modified sphygmomanometer test (MST).OBJECTIVES:
To assess the concurrent criterion validity of the MST, to compare the MST with the Jamar dynamometer, and to analyze the reproducibility (i.e. reliability and agreement) of the MST in individuals with Parkinson''s disease (PD).METHOD:
The authors recruited 50 subjects, 24 with PD (65.5±6.2 years of age) and 26 healthy elderly subjects (63.4±7.2 years of age). The handgrip strength was measured using the Jamar dynamometer and modified sphygmomanometer. The concurrent criterion validity was analyzed using Pearson''s correlation coefficient and a simple linear regression test. The reproducibility of the MST was evaluated with the coefficient of intra-class correlation (ICC2,1), the standard error of measurement (SEM), the minimal detectable change (MDC), and the Bland-Altman plot. For all of the analyses, α≤0.05 was considered a risk.RESULTS:
There was a significant correlation of moderate magnitude (r≥0.45) between the MST and the Jamar dynamometer. The MST had excellent reliability (ICC2,1≥0.7). The SEM and the MDC were adequate; however, the Bland-Altman plot indicated an unsatisfactory interrater agreement.CONCLUSIONS:
The MST exhibited adequate validity and excellent reliability and is, therefore, suitable for monitoring the handgrip strength in PD. However, if the goal is to compare the measurements between examiners, the authors recommend that the data be interpreted with caution. 相似文献2.
Rita C. Guedes Rosangela C. Dias Leani S. M. Pereira Sílvia L. A. Silva Lygia P. Lustosa Jo?o M. D. Dias 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2014,18(5):445-452
Background:
Gait parameters such as gait speed (GS) are important indicators of functional capacity. Frailty Syndrome is closely related to GS and is also capable of predicting adverse outcomes. The cognitive demand of gait control is usually explored with dual-task (DT) methodology.Objective:
To investigate the effect of DT and frailty on the spatio-temporal parameters of gait in older people and identify which variables relate to GS.Method:
The presence of frailty was verified by Fried''s Frailty Criteria. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and gait parameters were analyzed through the GAITRite(r) system in the single-task and DT conditions. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, and Pearson''s Correlation tests were administered.Results:
The participants were assigned to the groups frail (FG), pre-frail (PFG), and non-frail (NFG). During the DT, the three groups showed a decrease in GS, cadence, and stride length and an increase in stride time (p<0.001). The reduction in the GS of the FG during the DT showed a positive correlation with the MMSE scores (r=730; p=0.001) and with grip strength (r=681; p=0.001).Conclusions:
Gait parameters are more affected by the DT, especially in the frail older subjects. The reduction in GS in the FG is associated with lower grip strength and lower scores in the MMSE. The GS was able to discriminate the older adults in the three levels of frailty, being an important measure of the functional capacity in this population. 相似文献3.
A. Gokeler A. Benjaminse C. F. van Eck K. E. Webster L. Schot E. Otten 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2013,8(4):441-451
Background:
Current clinical outcome measurements may overestimate the long term success of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). There is a need to understand biomechanics of the knee joint during daily activities. This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature related to gait in patients following ACLR. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the available literature and provide a comprehensive overview of kinematic and kinetic variables that present during gait in patients after ACLR.Methods:
A literature search was performed in AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline and Scopus between January 2000 and October 2012. Inclusion criteria included articles written in English, German or Dutch, and those reporting on gait analysis in patients after ACLR. Kinematic and/or kinetic data of the uninjured and ACLR knee and healthy controls (CTRL) were outcome measurements of interest. Each study''s methodological quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme critical appraisal tool.Results:
Twenty two studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A total of 479 patients with a mean age of 27.3 were examined. Time between the injury and surgery and ranged from 3 weeks to 5.7 years. Gait analysis was done at a mean of 29.3 months after surgery. Gait was found to be altered in the sagittal, frontal and transverse planes after ACLR and may take months or years to normalize, if normalization occurs at all.Conclusion:
Patients after ACLR have altered gait patterns that can persist for up to five years after surgery. It is imperative that rehabilitation techniques are examined in order to minimize changes in knee biomechanics during gait, as they have the potential to impact on the development of osteoarthritis.Level of evidence:
3a 相似文献4.
Natalie L. Myers Jenny L. Toonstra Jacob S. Smith Cooper A. Padgett Tim L. Uhl 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2015,10(7):1015-1025
Background
The Advanced Throwers Ten Exercise Program incorporates sustained isometric contractions in conjunction with dynamic shoulder movements. It has been suggested that incorporating isometric holds may facilitate greater increases in muscular strength and endurance. However, no objective evidence currently exists to support this claim.Hypothesis/Purpose
The purpose of this research was to compare the effects of a sustained muscle contraction resistive training program (Advanced Throwers Ten Program) to a more traditional exercise training protocol to determine if increases in shoulder muscular strength and endurance occur in an otherwise healthy population. It was hypothesized that utilizing a sustained isometric hold during a shoulder scaption exercise from the Advanced Throwers Ten would produce greater increases in shoulder strength and endurance as compared to a traditional training program incorporating a isotonic scapular plane abduction (scaption) exercise.Study Design
Randomized Clinical Trial.Method
Fifty healthy participants were enrolled in this study, of which 25 were randomized into the traditional training group (age: 26 ± 8, height:172 ± 10 cm, weight: 73 ± 13 kg, Marx Activity Scale: 11 ± 4) and 25 were randomized to the Advanced Throwers Ten group (age: 28 ± 9, height: 169 ± 23 cm, weight: 74 ± 16 kg, Marx Activity Scale: 11 ± 5). No pre‐intervention differences existed between the groups (P>0.05). Arm endurance and strength data were collected pre and post intervention using a portable load cell (BTE Evaluator, Hanover, MD). Both within and between group analyses were done in order to investigate average torque (strength) and angular impulse (endurance) changes.Results
The traditional and Advanced Throwers Ten groups both significantly improved torque and angular impulse on both the dominant and non‐dominant arms by 10–14%. There were no differences in strength or endurance following the interventions between the two training groups (p>0.75).Conclusions;
Both training approaches increased strength and endurance as the muscle loads were consistent between protocols indicating that either approach will have positive effects.Level of Evidence
Level 2 相似文献5.
Francisco Molina-Rueda Isabel M. Alguacil-Diego Alicia Cuesta-Gómez Javier Iglesias-Giménez Andrés Martín-Vivaldi Juan C. Miangolarra-Page 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2014,18(3):252-258
Background:
Lower limb amputees exhibit postural control deficits during standing which can affect their walking ability.Objectives:
The primary purpose of the present study was to analyze the thorax, pelvis, and hip kinematics and the hip internal moment in the frontal plane during gait in subjects with Unilateral Transtibial Amputation (UTA).Method:
The participants included 25 people with UTA and 25 non-amputees as control subjects. Gait analysis was performed using the Vicon(r) Motion System. We analyzed the motion of the thorax, pelvis, and hip (kinematics) as well as the hip internal moment in the frontal plane.Results:
The second peak of the hip abductor moment was significantly lower on the prosthetic side than on the sound side (p=.01) and the control side (right: p=.01; left: p=.01). During middle stance, the opposite side of the pelvis was higher on the prosthetic side compared to the control side (right: p=.01: left: p=.01).Conclusions:
The joint internal moment at the hip in the frontal plane was lower on the prosthetic side than on the sound side or the control side. Thorax and pelvis kinematics were altered during the stance phase on the prosthetic side, presumably because there are mechanisms which affect postural control during walking. 相似文献6.
Ana M. F. Barela Paulo B. de Freitas Melissa L. Celestino Marcela R. Camargo José A. Barela 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2014,18(6):572-579
Background:
Partial body weight support (BWS) systems have been broadly used with treadmills as a strategy for gait training of individuals with gait impairments. Considering that we usually walk on level ground and that BWS is achieved by altering the load on the plantar surface of the foot, it would be important to investigate some ground reaction force (GRF) parameters in healthy individuals walking on level ground with BWS to better implement rehabilitation protocols for individuals with gait impairments.Objective:
To describe the effects of body weight unloading on GRF parameters as healthy young adults walked with BWS on level ground.Method:
Eighteen healthy young adults (27±4 years old) walked on a walkway, with two force plates embedded in the middle of it, wearing a harness connected to a BWS system, with 0%, 15%, and 30% BWS. Vertical and horizontal peaks and vertical valley of GRF, weight acceptance and push-off rates, and impulse were calculated and compared across the three experimental conditions.Results:
Overall, participants walked more slowly with the BWS system on level ground compared to their normal walking speed. As body weight unloading increased, the magnitude of the GRF forces decreased. Conversely, weight acceptance rate was similar among conditions.Conclusions:
Different amounts of body weight unloading promote different outputs of GRF parameters, even with the same mean walk speed. The only parameter that was similar among the three experimental conditions was the weight acceptance rate. 相似文献7.
Luanda A. C. Grecco Natália A. C. Duarte Nelci Zanon Manuela Galli Felipe Fregni Claudia S. Oliveira 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2014,18(5):419-427
Background:
Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) has been widely studied with the aim of enhancing local synaptic efficacy and modulating the electrical activity of the cortex in patients with neurological disorders.Objective:
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a single session of tDCS regarding immediate changes in spatiotemporal gait and oscillations of the center of pressure (30 seconds) in children with cerebral palsy (CP).Method:
A randomized controlled trial with a blinded evaluator was conducted involving 20 children with CP between six and ten years of age. Gait and balance were evaluated three times: Evaluation 1 (before the stimulation), Evaluation 2 (immediately after stimulation), and Evaluation 3 (20 minutes after the stimulation). The protocol consisted of a 20-minute session of tDCS applied to the primary motor cortex at an intensity of 1 mA. The participants were randomly allocated to two groups: experimental group - anodal stimulation of the primary motor cortex; and control group - placebo transcranial stimulation.Results:
Significant reductions were found in the experimental group regarding oscillations during standing in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions with eyes open and eyes closed in comparison with the control group (p<0.05). In the intra-group analysis, the experimental group exhibited significant improvements in gait velocity, cadence, and oscillation in the center of pressure during standing (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in the control group among the different evaluations.Conclusion:
A single session of tDCS applied to the primary motor cortex promotes positive changes in static balance and gait velocity in children with cerebral palsy. 相似文献8.
Anna Maria Turcato Marco Godi Andrea Giordano Marco Schieppati Antonio Nardone 《Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation》2015,12(1)
Background
Turning involves complex reorientation of the body and is accompanied by asymmetric motion of the lower limbs. We investigated the distribution of the forces under the two feet, and its relation to the trajectory features and body medio-lateral displacement during curved walking.Methods
Twenty-six healthy young participants walked under three different randomized conditions: in a straight line (LIN), in a circular clockwise path and in a circular counter-clockwise path. Both feet were instrumented with Pedar-X insoles. An accelerometer was fixed to the trunk to measure the medio-lateral inclination of the body. We analyzed walking speed, stance duration as a percent of gait cycle (%GC), the vertical component of the ground reaction force (vGRF) of both feet during the entire stance, and trunk inclination.Results
Gait speed was faster during LIN than curved walking, but not affected by the direction of the curved trajectory. Trunk inclination was negligible during LIN, while the trunk was inclined toward the center of the path during curved trajectories. Stance duration of LIN foot and foot inside the curved trajectory (Foot-In) was longer than for foot outside the trajectory (Foot-Out). vGRF at heel strike was larger in LIN than in curved walking. At mid-stance, vGRF for both Foot-In and Foot-Out was higher than for LIN foot. At toe off, vGRF for both Foot-In and Foot-Out was lower than for LIN foot; in addition, Foot-In had lower vGRF than Foot-Out. During curved walking, a greater loading of the lateral heel occurred for Foot-Out than Foot-In and LIN foot. On the contrary, a smaller lateral loading of the heel was found for Foot-In than LIN foot. At the metatarsal heads, an opposite behaviour was seen, since lateral loading decreased for Foot-Out and increased for Foot-In.Conclusions
The lower gait speed during curved walking is shaped by the control of trunk inclination and the production of asymmetric loading of heel and metatarsal heads, hence by the different contribution of the feet in producing the body inclination towards the centre of the trajectory. 相似文献9.
Lam R 《Canadian family physician Médecin de famille canadien》2011,57(7):765-770
Objective
To provide family physicians with an approach to office management of gait disorders in the elderly.Sources of information
Ovid MEDLINE was searched from 1950 to July 2010 using subject headings for gait or neurologic gait disorders combined with physical examination. Articles specific to family practice or family physicians were selected. Relevant review articles and original research were used when appropriate and applicable to the elderly.Main message
Gait and balance disorders in the elderly are difficult to recognize and diagnose in the family practice setting because they initially present with subtle undifferentiated manifestations, and because causes are usually multifactorial, with multiple diseases developing simultaneously. To further complicate the issue, these manifestations can be camouflaged in elderly patients by the physiologic changes associated with normal aging. A classification of gait disorders based on sensorimotor levels can be useful in the approach to management of this problem. Gait disorders in patients presenting to family physicians in the primary care setting are often related to joint and skeletal problems (lowest-level disturbances), as opposed to patients referred to neurology specialty clinics with sensory ataxia, myelopathy, multiple strokes, and parkinsonism (lowest-, middle-, and highest-level disturbances). The difficulty in diagnosing gait disorders stems from the challenge of addressing early undifferentiated disease caused by multiple disease processes involving all sensorimotor levels. Patients might present with a nonspecific “cautious” gait that is simply an adaptation of the body to disease limitations. This cautious gait has a mildly flexed posture with reduced arm swing and a broadening of the base of support. This article reviews the focused history (including medication review), practical physical examination, investigations, and treatments that are key to office management of gait disorders.Conclusion
Family physicians will find it helpful to classify gait disorders based on sensorimotor level as part of their approach to office management of elderly patients. Managing gait disorders at early stages can help prevent further deconditioning and mobility impairment. 相似文献10.
Ana Francisca Rozin Kleiner Aline Souza Pagnussat Camila Pinto Ritchele Redivo Marchese Ana Paula Salazar Manuela Galli 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(12):2420-2429
Objective
To assess the effects of automated peripheral stimulation (AMPS) in reducing gait variability of subjects with Parkinson disease (PD) and freezing of gait (FOG) treated with AMPS and to explore the effects of this treatment on gait during a single task (walking) and a dual task (walking while attending the word-color Stroop test).Design
Interventional, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.Setting
Clinical rehabilitation.Participants
Thirty subjects were randomized into 2 groups: AMPS (n=15) and AMPS sham (n=15).Interventions
Both groups received 2 treatment sessions a week for 4 consecutive weeks (totaling 8 treatment sessions). AMPS was applied by using a medical device (Gondola?) and consisted in mechanical pressure stimulations delivered by metallic actuators on 4 areas of the feet. Treatment parameters and device configuration were modified for AMPS sham group.Main Outcome Measures
Gait analyses were measured at baseline and after the first, fourth, and eighth treatment sessions.Results
Interactions among groups and sessions were found for both conditions while off anti-Parkinsonian medications. AMPS decreased gait variability in subjects with PD and FOG for both single and dual task conditions.Conclusions
AMPS is an effective add-on therapy for treating gait variability in patients with PD and FOG. 相似文献11.
Maximilian Habs Thomas Pfefferkorn Clemens C Cyran Jochen Grimm Axel Rominger Marcus Hacker Christian Opherk Maximilian F Reiser Konstantin Nikolaou Tobias Saam 《Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance》2011,13(1):76
Background
Previously proposed classifications for carotid plaque and cerebral parenchymal hemorrhages are used to estimate the age of hematoma according to its signal intensities on T1w and T2w MR images. Using these classifications, we systematically investigated the value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in determining the age of vessel wall hematoma (VWH) in patients with spontaneous cervical artery dissection (sCAD).Methods
35 consecutive patients (mean age 43.6 ± 9.8 years) with sCAD received a cervical multi-sequence 3T CMR with fat-saturated black-blood T1w-, T2w- and TOF images. Age of sCAD was defined as time between onset of symptoms (stroke, TIA or Horner''s syndrome) and the CMR scan. VWH were categorized into hyperacute, acute, early subacute, late subacute and chronic based on their signal intensities on T1w- and T2w images.Results
The mean age of sCAD was 2.0, 5.8, 15.7 and 58.7 days in patients with acute, early subacute, late subacute and chronic VWH as classified by CMR (p < 0.001 for trend). Agreement was moderate between VWH types in our study and the previously proposed time scheme of signal evolution for cerebral hemorrhage, Cohen''s kappa 0.43 (p < 0.001). There was a strong agreement of CMR VWH classification compared to the time scheme which was proposed for carotid intraplaque hematomas with Cohen''s kappa of 0.74 (p < 0.001).Conclusions
Signal intensities of VWH in sCAD vary over time and multi-sequence CMR can help to determine the age of an arterial dissection. Furthermore, findings of this study suggest that the time course of carotid hematomas differs from that of cerebral hematomas. 相似文献12.
Sean M. Bardenett Joseph J. Micca John T. DeNoyelles Susan D. Miller Drew T. Jenk Gary S. Brooks 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2015,10(3):303-308
Background
Limited information exists regarding injury risk factors for high school athletes. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) has been used to identify functional movement impairments and asymmetries, making it a potential predictor of injury.Hypothesis/Purpose
To determine if the FMS™ is a valid predictor of injury in high school athletes and to identify a potential new FMS™ cutoff score for this population.Study Design
Prospective CohortMethods
167 high school athletes among several sports were scored using the FMS™ and were monitored for injury during a single season. Likelihood ratios were calculated to determine how much a subject''s total FMS™ score influenced the post‐test probability of becoming injured.Results
Of the 167 participants, 39 sustained a musculoskeletal injury. Of all component scores, the in‐line lunge scores were significantly higher for injured players. For shoulder mobility, scores were significantly lower for injured players. No statistically significant associations were found between total FMS™ scores and injury status.Conclusion
The FMS™ may be useful for recognizing deficiency in certain movements, however this data suggests that the FMS™ should not be used for overall prediction of injury in high school athletes throughout the course of a season. Normative data from a large sample size is now available in the high school athlete demographic.Level of Evidence
3 相似文献13.
Clara Santos Miguel Pérez-Fontán Ana Rodríguez-Carmona María Calvo-Rodríguez Andrés López-Mu?iz Beatriz López-Calvi?o Teresa García-Falcón 《Peritoneal dialysis international》2016,36(1):43-51
♦ Background:
Peritoneal catheter tunnel and exit-site infection (TESI) complicates the clinical course of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Adherence to recommendations for catheter insertion, exit-site care, and management of Staphylococcus aureus (SAu) carriage reduces, but does not abrogate the risk of these infections.♦ Objective:
To reappraise the risk profile for TESI in an experienced center with a long-term focus on management of SAu carriage and a low incidence of these infections.♦ Method:
Following a retrospective, observational design, we investigated 665 patients incident on PD. The main study variable was survival to the first episode of TESI. We considered selected demographic, clinical, and technical variables, applying multivariate strategies of analysis.♦ Main results:
The overall incidence of TESI was 1 episode/68.5 patient-months. Staphylococcus aureus carriage disclosed at inception of PD (but not if observed sporadically during follow-up) (hazard ratio [HR] 1.53, p = 0.009), PD started shortly after catheter insertion (HR 0.98 per day, p = 0.011), PD after kidney transplant failure (HR 2.18, p = 0.017), lower hemoglobin levels (HR 0.88 per g/dL, p = 0.013) and fast peritoneal transport rates (HR 2.92, p = 0.03) portended an increased risk of TESI. Delaying PD ≥ 30 days after catheter insertion markedly improved the probability of TESI. Carriage of methicillin-resistant SAu since the start of PD was associated with a high incidence of TESI by these bacteria. On the contrary, resistance to mupirocin did not predict such a risk, probably due to the use of an alternative regime in affected patients.♦ Conclusions:
Adherence to current recommendations results in a low incidence of TESI in PD patients. Interventions on specific risk subsets have a potential to bring incidence close to negligible levels. Despite systematic screening and management, SAu carriage is still a predictor of TESI. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns may help to refine stratification of the risk of TESI by these bacteria. Early insertion of the peritoneal catheter should be considered whenever possible, to reduce the risk of later TESI. 相似文献14.
Lisa Henning Hillary Plummer Gretchen D. Oliver 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2016,11(1):108-114
Background
With shoulder pain and injury on the rise in overhead athletes, clinicians are often examining preventative exercises to address functional abnormalities. Because shoulder impingement is prevalent in overhead athletes, much focus is on scapular stability and the function of the stabilizing force couple of the upper and lower trapezius and serratus anterior.Hypothesis/Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine scapular muscle activation during a series of throws and holds (throwing without releasing) with two different ball weights (7oz and 12oz). It was hypothesized that the holds exercises would elicit greater activation of the scapular musculature than the throw, irrespective of ball weight.Study Design
Case control laboratory studyMethods
Twenty-two NCAA Division I, right hand dominant, softball players (19.91 + 1.04 years; 169.24 + 7.36 cm; 72.09 + 10.61 kg) volunteered to participate. Surface EMG was utilized to measure muscle activity in the upper, middle and lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles during three different throwing activities.Results
MANOVA results revealed no significant differences in muscle activity between throwing conditions, F(16,82) = 1.02, p = 0.446, Wilks’ Λ = 0.696, Cohen''s d = 0.44 (7oz holds), 0.24 (12oz holds), power = 0.625.Conclusion/Clinical Relevance
The results may provide some clinical insight in advocating the use of holds with different ball weights. The holds throw may be an effective step in shoulder strengthening that can more closely mimic the functional movement of throwing without the element of ball release.Levels of Evidence
Level 3 相似文献15.
Anderson José Simone Dal Corso 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2015,19(3):235-242
Background:
The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Glittre ADL-test (GT) are used to assess functional capacity and exercise tolerance; however, the reproducibility of these tests needs further study in patients with acute lung diseases.Objectives:
The aim of this study was to investigate the reproducibility of the 6MWT and GT performed in patients hospitalized for acute and exacerbated chronic lung diseases.Method:
48 h after hospitalization, 81 patients (50 males, age: 52±18 years, FEV1: 58±20% of the predicted value) performed two 6MWTs and two GTs in random order on different days.Results:
There was no difference between the first and second 6MWT (median 349 m [284-419] and 363 m [288-432], respectively) (ICC: 0.97; P<0.0001). A difference between the first and second tests was found in GT (median 286 s [220-378] and 244 s [197-323] respectively; P<0.001) (ICC: 0.91; P<0.0001).Conclusion:
Although both the 6MWT and GT were reproducible, the best results occurred in the second test, demonstrating a learning effect. These results indicate that at least two tests are necessary to obtain reliable assessments. 相似文献16.
Background
The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in vertebral column height (VCH) of males and females, at every one-half mile, for a total walking distance of 3 miles.Methods
Twenty males and twenty females between the ages of 21 and 40 years walked 3 miles on a treadmill maintaining a walking speed that the subject rated between 12 and 14 on Borg''s rate of perceived exertion scale. Blood pressure, heart rate, and VCH measurements were taken initially and at each half-mile interval throughout the three-mile walk. Vertebral column height (VCH) was measured from the spinous process of C7 to S2 using a standard tape measure.Results
Significant differences existed in vertebral column height according to sex (F = 16.18; p < .05) and significant differences in vertebral column height at the different distances (F = 65.02: p < .0001). Significant changes occurred in the VCH between half-mile intervals only between 0.5 miles and 1.0 mile and between 1.0 mile and 1.5 miles during the walk. As found with a regression analysis, curvilinear relationship exists between the distance walked and VCH; with VCH decreasing throughout the distance of the walk.Conclusions
Vertebral column height decreased in a curvilinear relationship throughout the distance of walking 3 miles in both males and females. 相似文献17.
Martin Švehlík Ernst B. Zwick Gerhardt Steinwender Wolfgang E. Linhart Petra Schwingenschuh Petra Katschnig Erwin Ott Christian Enzinger 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2009,90(11):1880-1886
Švehlík M, Zwick EB, Steinwender G, Linhart WE, Schwingenschuh P, Katschnig P, Ott E, Enzinger C. Gait analysis in patients with Parkinson's disease off dopaminergic therapy.
Objective
To compare time-distance, kinematic, and kinetic gait parameters in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) off dopaminergic therapy with a group of healthy control subjects.Design
A group-comparison study.Setting
Gait analysis laboratory.Participants
Patients with PD (n=20) and healthy age-matched controls (n=20).Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
Time-distance, kinematic, and kinetic gait variables.Results
PD patients walked slower with shorter stride-length, comparable cadence, and longer double support times. Kinematics showed a reduction of the range of motion in the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Maximum hip extension and the ankle plantar flexion were significantly reduced. Kinetic gait parameters showed reduced push-off ankle power and lift-off hip power generation. Strong correlations between these important body advancement mechanisms and the walking velocity were observed.Conclusions
In addition to previously described dysfunctional kinematics, abnormal kinetic parameters play an important role in the characterization of gait in PD patients off therapy. Hence, these parameters could be used to document treatment effects of parkinsonian gait disorders. 相似文献18.
19.
Jason Brumitt Bryan C. Heiderscheit Robert C. Manske Paul E. Niemuth Mitchell J. Rauh 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2014,9(4):447-455
Purpose/Background:
Division III (D III) collegiate coaches are challenged to assess athletic readiness and condition their athletes during the preseason. However, there are few reports on off‐season training habits and normative data of functional assessment tests among D III athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine off‐season training habits of D III athletes and their relationships to the standing long jump (SLJ) and single‐leg hop (SLH) tests.Methods:
One‐hundred and ninety‐three athletes (110 females, age 19.1 ± 1.1 y; 83 males, age 19.5 ± 1.3 y) were tested prior to the start of their sports seasons. Athletes reported their off‐season training habits (weightlifting, cardiovascular exercise, plyometric exercise, and scrimmage) during the six weeks prior to the preseason. Athletes also performed three maximal effort SLJs and three SLHs.Results:
Male athletes reported training more hours per exercise category than their female counterparts. Mean SLJ distances (normalized to height) were 0.79 ± 0.10 for females and 0.94 ± 0.12 for males. Mean SLH distances for female athletes'' right and left limbs were 0.66 (± 0.10) and 0.65 (± 0.10), respectively. Mean SLH distances for male athletes'' right and left limbs were 0.75 (± 0.13) and 0.75 (± 0.12), respectively. Several significant differences between off‐season training habits and functional test measures were found for both sexes: males [SLJ and weightlifting (p = 0.04); SLH and weightlifting (p = 0.04), plyometrics (p = 0.05)]; females [SLJ and plyometrics (p = 0.04); SLH and scrimmage (p = 0.02)].Conclusion:
This study provides normative data for off‐season training habits and preseason functional test measures in a D III athlete population. Greater SLJ and SLH measures were associated with increased time during off‐season training.Clinical Relevance:
The findings between functional tests and off‐season training activities may be useful for sports medicine professionals and strength coaches when designing their preseason training programs.Level of Evidence:
4 相似文献20.
Thomas G. Almonroeder Erika Garcia Malerie Kurt 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2015,10(7):918-928