Complications of intraarterial urokinase-lys-plasminogen infusion therapy in arterial ischemia of lower limbs

Thirty-five patients with peripheral arterial occlusions were treated by intraarterial infusion of low-dose urokinase associated with bolus of lys-plasminogen. Thrombolysis was achieved in 26 cases (74%), but only 10 patients (28.5%) experienced sustained improvement. Complications of thrombolysis occurred in 11 patients: Five patients developed groin hematoma, five had distal emboli, and one experienced macroscopic hematuria. Catheter-related thrombosis was observed in 14 patients (40%) despite intravenous heparin. Nine patients suffered from recurrent thrombosis and three from proximal emboli. A patient died from catheter-related infection. Limited fibrinolysis could increase pericatheter thrombosis, and further work will be necessary to assess the local risk of intraarterial thrombolysis.     

Digitalized angiography in the study of critical ischemia of the lower limbs

Twenty three patients suffering from severe chronic ischemia of the lower limbs were explored by conventional and digital angiography. A comparative study of these 2 angiographic techniques was carried out to appreciate the pre-operative distal vascular tree and the surgical indications. In all cases, digital angiography was never found to be less informative than conventional angiography. In 14 cases, the surgical approach was changed as a result of digital angiography in 4 cases the method of revascularization and in 10 cases the surgical indication itself (distal bypass instead of amputation). The authors consider digital angiography to be essential in this surgical indication.     

影响急性下肢缺血初次介入治疗长期通畅率的多因素分析

目的 探讨影响急性下肢缺血(ALI)初次介入治疗后血管长期通畅率的因素.方法 2005年1月至2010年6月收治的ALI患者,剔除夹层累及下肢动脉和外伤的患者,共101例.回顾性分析其病例资料,对性别、年龄、发病时间、高血压、糖尿病、心房颤动、外周动脉阻塞性疾病(PAOD)、吸烟、病变部位、疾病分级、治疗方案及溶栓时间进行单因素分析,P＜0.1的因素进入Cox风险比例模型.结果 本组101例患者,107条患肢,按Rutherford分级:Ⅰ级15条、ⅡA级36条、ⅡB级54条、Ⅲ级2例.术后随访1～53个月,平均(34±15)个月,随访85例共89条肢体,其1、2、3年病变血管的初始通畅率分别为87％、68％、55％.Cox风险比例模型分析提示糖尿病(P=0.00)、PAOD(P=0.02)和溶栓时间(P=0.02)是影响通畅率的独立危险因素.对不同溶栓时间患者的通畅率进行对比,结果显示溶栓时间在4d以内者通畅率高于4d以上者(Log rank检验P=0.00).结论 糖尿病、PAOD以及溶栓时间是影响ALI初次介入治疗后病变血管长期通畅率的独立危险因素,溶栓时间应尽可能控制在4d以内.     

Long term follow-up of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in the cervical spine

Summary In eleven patients with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis who presented with extensive ossification in the cervical spine, progression or regression of ossification during the follow-up period were measured in extent and thickness radiographically. Intervertebral range of motion was also measured and the relation between changes of ossification and intervertebral mobility was analyzed. The range of motion at the segments at which ossification progressed was statistically quite different from those at which no progression was observed. It was found that ossification grew in thickness at mobile segments and no growth of ossification was present at immobile segments. Dysphagia caused by massive ossification was cured by surgical removal in two cases. Recurrent ossifications were detected in them some years after surgery, and one of them complained of dysphagia again. To prevent recurrent ossification and dysphagia, it was considered that immobilization of the concerned segment was necessary by bone grafting or preservation of the continuity of ossification.     

急性肢体动脉闭塞的血管内介入治疗

目的 探讨急性肢体动脉闭塞的血管内治疗方法和疗效。方法 采用血管内尿激酶溶栓术和经皮穿刺血管成形术（ＰＴＡ）治疗患者１２例１９段。男性６例、女性６例,年龄２８～８５岁,平均６５岁。结果 溶栓治疗成功率６８．４２（１３／１９段）,ＰＴＡ治疗成功率９４．１２（１６／１７段）。观察６个月以上疗效满意率为８４．２１％（１６／１９段）。结论 局部溶栓是治疗急性肢体动脉闭塞的基本方法,大部分病例还需ＰＴＡ治疗     

下肢全长拼接摄影在下肢截骨术中的应用价值

目的：探讨下肢全长拼接摄影测量肢体力线的准确度在实际应用中是可靠的。方法：对50例患者行全下肢摄影,应用全数字化大平板透视-摄影系统的拼接摄影功能得到全下肢全长,根据得到的影像测量髋-膝-踝角[180°-（测量的髋-膝-踝角）]得到畸形角度,再据测得的畸形角度做相关性分析。结果：畸形角度与术中截骨存在高相关性（相关指数＝0．696,P＜0．01）将畸形角度与术中截骨进行回归分析,畸形角度与术中截骨长度的线性关系存在。所获50例患者采用下肢全长拼接摄影肢体力线测量数据对术中截骨提供了可靠依据。结论：下肢全长拼接摄影可对肢体力线进行准确测量,为骨科手术截骨提供有价值信息。     

经皮椎体成形术治疗症状性椎体血管瘤远期疗效分析

目的分析经皮椎体成形术治疗症状性椎体血管瘤的远期疗效。方法17例患者19处椎体血管瘤,13处椎体无压缩骨折,6处椎体已发生压缩骨折。17例患者均诉不同程度胸背部或腰部疼痛,其中5例发生压缩骨折的患者还伴有不同程度的神经功能缺陷(4例)或脊髓受压症状(2例)。在DSA监测下行经皮椎体成形术(PVP)。术后随访6～32个月,平均(15.8±8.7)个月。结果19处血管瘤椎体PVP均获得成功,术中每个椎体注射PMMA2～6ml,4例发生椎旁渗漏,2例发生硬膜外渗漏,但未出现明显的临床症状,1例椎体其上椎间盘发生渗漏。短期随访显示17例患者胸背部或腰部疼痛均有不同程度缓解,2例神经根或脊髓受压患者症状消失,其余3例患者症状仍存在。长期随访示2例患者疼痛加剧,系邻近椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折引起。结论PVP是治疗症状性椎体血管瘤的一种安全、有效、创伤小的方法,远期疗效可靠。     

急性肢体缺血的介入治疗

急性肢体缺血是一种常见的临床急症,快速恢复肢体血流能减少截肢率,降低病死率.其主要治疗方法包括外科手术及介入手术.腔内介入治疗急性肢体缺血近年来取得了长足的进展,本文就介入治疗急性肢体缺血进行综述.     

Intra-arterial fibrinolytic therapy for acute mesenteric ischemia

We report a case of mesenteric ischemia secondary to embolic occlusion treated by percutaneous intra-arterial thrombolysis. Early initial radiographic evaluation included abdominal plain film, ultrasonography, abdominal CT, and arteriography. Only selective superior mesenteric artery angiography provided definite diagnosis. The duration of ischemic symptoms before thrombolysis was 6 hours. Post procedure angiogram at 12 hours showed complete resolution of the mesenteric arterial thrombus with clinical improvement. The most important criteria for patient survival is early diagnosis and immediate treatment. Direct infusion of urokinase into the superior mesentric artery may be an alternative to surgery in selected patients and particularly in patients without evidence of frank bowel necrosis.     

Thrombolysis and angioplasty for acute lower limb ischemia in Buerger's disease

Acute lower limb ischemia secondary to Buerger's disease in a young patient responded to thrombolysis and subsequent popliteal and anterior artery angioplasty. The value of angioplasty in non-limb-threatening ischemia in Buerger's disease has not been established but this case illustrates a role for thrombolysis and angioplasty in acute ischemia.     

AcoStream血栓抽吸装置治疗急性下肢缺血6例

目的 探讨AcoStream血栓抽吸装置治疗急性下肢缺血（ALLI）的有效性和安全性。方法 回顾性分析2022年1月至2022年3月在南京市第一医院接受AcoStream血栓抽吸治疗的6例ALLI患者临床资料。技术成功定义为完成AcoStream取栓操作;临床成功定义为ALLI相关症状缓解。根据心肌梗死溶栓（TIMI）治疗后血流分级评估术后即刻血供,Cooley疗效评分标准评估临床疗效。出院后30 d随访手术相关并发症、截肢率、短期通畅率及死亡情况。结果 6例患者均完成取栓手术操作。3例联合Solitaire AB支架取栓,2例联合CDT,1例联合Solitaire AB支架取栓及CDT。1例伴有严重下肢动脉硬化患者术中行髂动脉球囊扩张术。TIMI分级术前0级2例,1级4例;术后即刻2级和3级各3例,其中3例联合CDT术后1 d复查TIMI分级均为3级。出院后30 d随访,患肢通畅6例;Cooley疗效评分显示痊愈3例,良好3例;无截肢、死亡。结论 AcoStream血栓抽吸装置治疗ALLI安全有效,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

老年患者急性下肢动脉缺血介入溶栓及支架置入治疗

目的 探讨介入溶栓治疗对老年急性下肢动脉缺血治疗的疗效和安全性.方法 回顾性总结2007年9月-2009年3月通过介入溶栓方法治疗的18例老年下肢动脉缺血患者治疗方式的选择、介入治疗过程中及介入治疗后发生合并症、并发症的处理,分析总结介入溶栓治疗对老年急性下肢动脉缺血治疗的疗效和安全性.结果 本组患者从下肢缺血症状出现到明确诊断时间为4 h～12 d;患者多合并有多系统慢性病.采用动脉内导管溶栓治疗1～3 d,溶栓治疗后对残余病变行腔内成形术及支架置入.15例治疗过程中分别出现出血、术后发热、肢体再灌注损伤、肺栓塞等.经治疗,3例患者行1～3趾经跖骨截趾术,14例患者保肢成功;1例患者动脉开通后2 d,因再灌注损伤致多脏器功能衰竭死亡.结论 介入溶栓治疗对老年急性下肢动脉缺血的治疗安全、有效,对此类患者可优先考虑.     

急性非闭塞性肠系膜血管缺血的诊断和介入治疗

目的探讨选择性肠系膜上动脉造影,经肠系膜上动脉持续灌注罂粟碱在诊断和治疗急性非闭塞性肠系膜血管缺血(NOMI)的价值。方法回顾分析从1999年8月到2005年3月经选择性肠系膜上动脉造影确诊,并行介入诊疗的18例NOMI。明确NOMI诊断后即行经导管肠系膜上动脉灌注罂粟碱治疗。结果本组18例NOMI中15例患者治愈;3例有效,介入治疗后腹痛减轻,但仍有局限性的腹膜刺激征,转外科行肠切除治愈;1例10d后死于严重肺部感染导致的呼吸衰竭。结论选择性肠系膜上动脉造影持续经导管肠系膜上动脉灌注罂粟碱是NOMI有效的诊断和治疗方法。