3374例学龄前儿童患龋调查分析

为了解玉林市城区学龄前儿童患龋状况,为儿童龋齿防治干预措施提供资料,对玉林市城区21所幼儿园3374例学龄前儿童进行龋齿检查,现报道如下. 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料学龄前儿童,均为2012年1～12月玉林市城区21所幼儿园在园儿童.     

氧氟沙星含片治疗口腔感染性疾病的疗效观察

目的：为了寻求治疗口腔感染性疾病的新方法。方法：应用氧氟沙星含片治疗冠周炎、牙龈炎和轻中度牙周炎患者,共４０例,采用随机分组双盲法。结果：显示总有效率７５％,细菌转阴率９０％,经统计学处理,有显著差异。结论：氧氟沙星含片治疗口腔感染性疾病临床疗效确切并未发现不良反应。     

木蝴蝶含片的研制

摘 要 目的： 制备木蝴蝶含片。方法: 以木蝴蝶提取物为主药,采用湿法制粒压片法,在单因素考察基础上,以含片外观、口感、崩解时限、硬度为指标,通过正交设计试验对处方进行优化筛选,确定含片的制备处方。以平均重量差异和平均崩解时间为指标,对按照优化的处方工艺制备的3批含片进行质量检查。结果: 优选的处方为：甘露醇50%,甜味剂为蔗糖-甜菊糖苷（100∶1）5%,清凉剂为天然薄荷油5%,粘合剂为聚维酮-K30（PVP-K30）-85%乙醇（6∶10）35%。以筛选的处方工艺制备的3批含片平均重量差异为 (1.83±0.29) %,平均崩解时间为（14.7±0.6）min,均符合药典质控要求。结论: 木蝴蝶含片制备工艺稳定,重复性良好。     

氧氟沙星含片治疗口腔感染性疾病的疗效观察

目的：为了寻求治疗口腔感染性疾病的新方法。方法：应用氧氟沙星含片治疗冠周炎、牙龈炎和轻中度牙周炎患者,共４０例,采用随机分组以盲法。结果：显示总有效率７５％,细菌转阴率９０％,经统计学处理,有显著差异。结论：氧氟沙星含片治疗口腔感染性疾病临床疗效确切并未发现不良反应。     

关于金银花含片的探讨

当人体表肌肤在正常的情况下,致病的微生物是很难从肌肤表面进入体内.而病菌从呼吸道和口腔进入体内这是件很容易的事情,即"病从口入".那么如何能把住"病从口入"这个关口,我们认为,如果能在口腔中设道岗,将致病源消灭在口腔和咽喉部位,使其不能进入体内,从而减少人们患病的可能性.     

顾客指名购买的含片类口腔咽喉用药前十名

序号 品牌 生 产厂商金嗓子喉宝 广西金嗓子有限责任公司比例89%西瓜霜润喉片桂林三金药业股份公司 82.7%复方草珊瑚含片江西江中制药厂 52.3%地奥银黄含片成都地奥制药有限公司 4.9%∞ ∞ 加 ∞ 如 ∞ 如 加 m 0顾客指名购买率四季润喉片银黄含片咽特佳含片地奥银黄含片健民咽喉片咽立爽华素片复方草珊瑚含片西瓜霜澜喉片金嗓子喉宝顾客指名购买的含片类口腔咽喉用药前十名     

口腔保健的新宠

龋齿已被世界卫生组织列为心血管病、癌症之后的第三种危害人类健康的非传染疾病。全国牙防组提供了一组调查数据显示：“我国乳牙龋齿率为76％，大约每5个孩子中就有一个患龋齿(蛀牙)；成年人82％的人有牙龈萎缩现象，而牙龈萎缩正是导致牙根部龋齿的元凶。因此，在我国平均每5位成年人中就有4位在受到牙根部蛀牙的威胁”。     

店员推荐购买的含片类口腔咽喉用药前十名

序号 品牌 生 产厂商 比例浮华素片 北京四环医药科技股份公司 60.4~/j地奥银黄含片成都地奥制药有限公司 19.8%泰诺甘草怡喉爽上海强生制药 4.9%银黄含片 山东鲁南制药股份公司 4.2%店90f 80推荐70翠60 50 40 30 20 10 O羹鑫片 子 璧银黄含片咽立爽地奥银黄含片复方草珊瑚含片西瓜霜润喉片点评: 在-t-,次合片类口腔咽喉用药调查中,广西金嗓子喉宝- 在顾客指S购买中排名第一,超出位居第二名的桂林三金 西瓜霜润喉片约60%。江中制药生产的复方草珊瑚含片紧 随其后,也跻身于含片类13腔咽喉用药的三大品牌之列。 北京四环医药科技股份有限公司…     

茶苯海明含片的研制及质量评价

目的:制备口感适宜的茶苯海明含片并进行质量评价。方法:用正交试验筛选茶苯海明复合物的最佳制备条件;辅以甜味剂和矫味剂,湿法制粒制得茶苯海明口含片,采用非模型依赖法比较含片和普通片溶出曲线的相似性。结果:茶苯海明与EudragitE100使用量为1∶1,温度70℃,作用时间12 h时制得复合物口感较好;茶苯海明含片和普通片的溶出度相似(f2=67.29),含片口感外形俱佳,质量可控。结论:一定条件下Eudragit E100能较好遮掩茶苯海明的苦麻味。茶苯海明含片制备工艺可行。     

葡萄糖酸锌含片的研制

目的制备口感好、形体小、口内滞留时间长的葡萄糖酸锌含片,供治疗复发性口腔溃疡应用。方法选用含片常用的填充剂(蔗糖、甘露醇、糊精等)、黏合剂(CMC-Na胶浆、明胶浆),以样片的硬度为指标,进行单因素筛选;继而以样片的溶散时间与脆碎度为指标,采用优良单因素(填充剂甘露醇、黏合剂CMC-Na-明胶混合浆)进行正交试验。结果优选出的最佳处方及工艺(按1000片计)为:称取葡萄糖酸锌17g,依递加法与甘露醇210g混合均匀;用150mg·g-1明胶浆与75mg·g-1CMC-Na胶浆(1:1)112g作黏合剂制软材;10目筛制颗粒,于45℃下干燥;加入硬脂酸镁混匀后压片。结论按最佳处方及工艺制备的葡萄糖酸锌含片,符合药典规定。体外溶散试验表明,含片在水中不松散,30min释出葡萄糖酸锌(63.8±1.6)%,100min全部葡萄糖酸锌释出。     

安徽省岳西县某贫困山村居民口腔健康状况流行病学调查

目的 了解安徽省岳西县某贫困山区居民口腔健康状况,及人们对口腔健康知识的知晓情况,了解当地居民龋病、牙周病的发病情况,指导开展相关口腔健康保健工作.方法 参照《第3次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案》,采用普查的调查方法,用SPSS 16.0软件对数据进行统计分析,龋病以患龋率和龋均数,牙周病以牙龈出血、牙结石和牙周袋的检出率做为统计指标.结果 共调查某贫困山村居民487例,总患龋率为63.66%,受检者龋均为2.07颗,牙龈出血检出率为14.37%,牙结石检出率为95.48%,牙周袋检出率为16.02%,总体失牙率为72.69%,全口无牙率为1.64%,义齿修复率为5.34%.结论 患龋率,牙龈出血、牙结石和牙周袋检出率和全口无牙率均接近第3次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查结果,但失牙率高、义齿修复率较低,应加强山区居民口腔健康防治工作,改善贫困山区居民口腔医疗条件.     

肠道菌群失调与口腔疾病研究概述——以儿童龋齿为例

众所周知,微生物菌群失调与人体多种疾病密切相关。口腔和肠道作为人体两大微生物栖息地,在微生物相关疾病中发挥着重要作用。尽管口腔和肠道是通过胃肠道连接的连续区域,但由于口腔-肠道屏障的存在,口腔和肠道微生物分布得到很好的隔离。然而,在口腔-肠道屏障功能障碍的情况下,口腔微生物群可以转移到肠黏膜。相反,肠道菌群失调也会对口腔微生物组成造成一定影响。口腔到肠道和肠道到口腔的微生物易位可以重塑彼此的微生物生态系统,最终调节机体生理功能和病理过程。然而迄今为止,口腔-肠道微生物的相互作用在口腔疾病中的发病机制一直未被充分认识。本文中,我们将重点介绍口腔-肠道微生物串扰在口腔疾病及儿童龋齿中的作用,为后续通过操纵肠道微生物治疗口腔疾病和儿童龋齿提供理论依据。     

某地国防生考生口腔健康行为及口腔健康知识知晓情况调查分析

目的：了解某地区国防生生源的口腔健康行为及口腔健康知识知晓情况,分析该群体口腔健康行为特点。方法参照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案》自行设计调查问卷,对2013年该地区2012名报考军队(武警部队)国防生体检考生的口腔健康行为及口腔健康知识知晓情况进行问卷调查。结果口腔健康知识知晓情况：58.2%认为刷牙是为了预防龋齿,其中城区考生高于农村考生、女生高于男生、非住校考生高于住校考生;98.6%的考生认为牙病是可以预防的;94.2%的考生不知道爱牙日。口腔健康行为情况：每天刷牙2次以上者占72.7%,城区考生高于农村、女生高于男生、非住校考生高于住校考生;选择横刷者占33.4%,农村考生高于城区考生、男生高于女生、住校考生高于非住校考生;67.4%的考生有餐后漱口习惯,55.0%的考生使用含氟牙膏,86.1%的考生做过口腔检查。结论该地区国防生生源口腔健康行为及口腔健康知识知晓情况呈现不平衡状况,应加强对考生口腔健康知识的宣教。     

Use of herbal extract from Artemisia herba-alba (Shih) in pharmaceutical preparations for dental hygiene

Antibiotic resistance in bacterial species is opening new avenues to search for alternative modes of antimicrobial treatment, medicinal plant extracts being one among them. The aim of this study was to access the possibility of medicinal plant extract from Shih in the manufacture of pharmaceutical preparations for oral hygiene specifically for the prevention and treatment of dental caries due to Streptococcus mutans. Antimicrobial effects of crude organic extract of Shih on S. mutans isolated from the saliva were examined by taking S. mutans with culture media only (?ve control); S. mutans treated with the antibiotic gentamicin (+ve control) and S. mutans treated with Shih. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were Determination by Iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT) colorimetric assay Time-kill dynamic assay was performed using broth microdilution method. The metabolic reason behind the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect were studied by measuring the glucose utilization by the microbes, pH as a measure of acid production, nucleic acids quantitation to check the DNA status and inhibition of water-insoluble glucan synthesis were undertaken. Shih MIC for S. mutans was at 2.5?mg/ml and MBC was 4?mg/ml. S. mutans bacterial population started reclining within 60?min of incubation with Shih at MBC. Utilization of added glucose was very high at MIC due to bacteria overcoming the stress, whereas at MBC its utilization was less. Accordingly pH also became acidic to 2.9 with MIC and 4.03 with MBC. There was a great degree of inhibition in the formation of nucleic acids indicating this crude extract interferes with DNA replication. Inhibition of glucan synthesis was to the tune of 45% as compared to control. Thus we conclude that Shih has potentially effective antibacterial activity hence it can be proposed as a potentially effective antiplaque and anticariogenic agent in the form of mouth wash or gum paint. However, the cytotoxicity of the extract needs to be evaluated in in-vitro and in-vivo conditions before it is considered as a safe antiplaque and anticariogenic agent.     

Oral health of substance-dependent individuals: impact of specific substances

Little is known about how different types of substances affect oral health. Our objective was to examine the respective effects of alcohol, stimulants, opioids, and marijuana on oral health in substance-dependent persons. Using self-reported data from 563 substance-dependent individuals, we found that most reported unsatisfactory oral health, with their most recent dental visit more than 1 year ago. In multivariable logistic regressions, none of the substance types were significantly associated with oral health status. However, opioid use was significantly related to a worse overall oral health rating compared to 1 year ago. These findings highlight the poor oral health of individuals with substance dependence and the need to address declining oral health among opioid users. General health and specialty addiction care providers should be aware of oral health problems among these patients. In addition, engagement into addiction and medical care may be facilitated by addressing oral health concerns.     

527名学龄前儿童龄病相关因素分析

目的：探讨学龄前儿童龋病发生的相关因素。方法：应用非条件Logistic回归分析方法对本市527名学龄前儿童患龋病的情况与其相关因素进行分析。结果：儿童龋病的发生与儿童的年龄、儿童每月伙食费，饮料喜欢程度，晚上有无吃甜食的习惯，睡前有无刷牙等5个因素有关。结论：控制上述危险因素有利于预防儿童龋病的发生。     

Assessment of knowledge,attitude and practice among community pharmacists towards dental care: A national cross sectional survey

BackgroundCommunity pharmacists’ contribution in health maintenance and promotion is significant but more studies are still needed to evaluate their role as healthcare providers.ObjectivesOur primary objective was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice among community pharmacists in Lebanon towards dental care. Secondary objectives included assessing the barriers to a good dental care practice and assess their educational needs for oral health counseling.MethodsA national cross-sectional study was carried out using an online questionnaire and targeting community pharmacists in Lebanon. Five, three and six questions were used to assess pharmacists’ perceived knowledge, attitude and practice respectively. Stepwise linear regressions were conducted taking each time a different scale score as the dependent variable.Results497 (78.88%) pharmacists completed the survey (62% females). More than half (53.3%) exhibited good perceived knowledge, 39% a positive attitude and 47.3% a good practice regarding oral health. Pharmacists reported a good perceived knowledge regarding common oral conditions (good, very good and excellent knowledge: 73.2%). Most of the pharmacists (86.52%) perceived oral health promotion as an important part of their services. Moreover, 28.77% (n = 143) of pharmacists declared having difficulties in obtaining oral health information. The main barriers to a good practice included limited interaction between dentists and pharmacists and lack of training regarding oral health. The multivariable analyses showed a significant positive intercorrelation between perceived knowledge, attitude and practice. Working in the pharmacy for more than 40 h a week was associated with higher perceived knowledge (Beta = 2.846). Having a PhD degree was associated with lower practice scores (Beta = 3.676), whereas female gender was associated with lower practice scores (Beta = 2.334).ConclusionsPharmacists have the overall required knowledge and attitude to play an important role in the patients’ counseling towards dental care.     

儿童龋病发病的相关因素研究

目的 研究儿童龋病发病的相关因素.方法 选择2013年1月至2015年6月在医院体检的儿童880例,880例儿童中760例出现龋病,龋病发病率为86.36％,患龋病患儿为研究组,未患龋病儿童为对照组,调查儿童的饮食习惯、个人卫生习惯以及家长的基本情况.结果 研究组儿童睡前进食,每日进食新鲜水果次数≤1次,每周喝碳酸饮料≥2次、每天吃甜食≥2次比例大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05);研究组儿童自主刷牙、每日刷牙≤1次、刷牙开始年龄≥3岁比例大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05);研究组父母从事商业服务工作比例显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,睡前进食、每日进食水果次数≤1次、每日吃甜食≥2次、每周喝碳酸饮料≥2次、儿童自主刷牙、每日刷牙≤1次、刷牙开始年龄≥3岁、父母从事商业服务工作均是儿童龋病的发病因素.结论 个人卫生、饮食习惯均是直接影响龋病发生的因素,父母应该多关注孩子的身心健康,培养儿童较好的口腔卫生习惯和饮食习惯.     

陕西省5岁儿童龋病流行病学抽样调查分析

目的了解陕西省5岁儿童口腔健康状况，监测龋病的患病趋势，为儿童龋病防治提供科学依据。方法按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查的要求，对陕西省城乡6个地区的786名5岁儿童进行了口腔健康状况调查。采用SPSS13．0软件包对数据进行分析。结果5岁儿童的患龋率和龋均分别为58．78％和2．23。农村和城市地区的患龋率分别为59．42％和58．06％。患龋率在农村和城市、男性和女性之间的差异经统计学检验均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。5岁儿童有96．9％的龋齿未经治疗。结论陕西省学龄前儿童的口腔健康状况不容忽视，应采取各种有效预防措施，控制龋病的发生。提高充填率，改善口腔健康状况。     

重庆市中小学生龋病影响因素评估

目的：评估重庆市中小学生人群龋病影响因素。方法：根据WHO口腔健康调查方法，参考全国第二次口腔流行病学调查方法，设计调查问卷，在重庆市八个区县，分层整群抽样共选取48个调查点，共调查8334人。主城区(城)2133人，远郊县(乡)6201人；男4448人，女3886人；分为12、15和18岁3个年龄组进行问卷调查，用SPSS软件进行非条件logistic回归分析。结果：获有效问卷7259份，进行单因素logistic回归筛选，父母亲文化程度、职业、家庭收入、刷牙时间、刷牙次数、开始刷牙时间、吃零食的次数、牙刷牙膏的选择等12个变量有统计学意义。结论：中小学生的父母亲文化程度、家庭收入、吃零食、刷牙时间、刷牙方法与龋病的发病有关，可能是致中小学生龋病发病的值得重视的影响因素。