共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Tian Shen Guoqiang Xing Jingfen Zhu Shuxian Zhang Yong Cai Donghua Li Gang Xu Evan Xing Jianyu Rao Rong Shi 《Lipids in health and disease》2017,16(1):253
Backgrounds
To study the effects of supplementation of a marine omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA) formulation (Omega3Q10) in older adults with hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia.Methods
A total of 97 people were enrolled to receive 12-week supplementation of either Omega3Q10 (n?=?48) or soybean oil (n?=?49). Total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and hypertension-related symptoms were determined before and after the supplementation.Results
There were no baseline differences between the two groups. Omega3Q10 supplementation significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (from 81.6?±?5.3 mmHg to 79.3?±?5.2 mmHg, P?<?0.05). Blood concentrations of TC and LDL-C decreased significantly and blood HDL-C level increased significantly after 12 weeks of Omega3Q10 (5.5?±?0.7 vs. 5.3?±?0.5, P?<?0.05; 3.7?±?0.8 vs. 3.3?±?0.6, P?<?0.05; 1.2?±?0.6 vs. 1.3?±?0.5, P?<?0.05, respectively) and soybean oil supplementation (5.7?±?0.8 vs. 5.6?±?0.7, P?<?0.05; 3.6?±?0.7 vs. 3.4?±?0.8, P?<?0.05; 1.0?±?0.8 vs. 1.2?±?0.7, P?<?0.05, respectively) but no group differences were found. A significantly greater proportion of the people in the Omega3Q10 group became free from headache and palpitations & chest tightness symptoms after the 12-week supplementation compared to that of the soybean oil group (95.5% vs. 71.4%, P?<?0.01; 95.8 vs. 75.5%, P?<?0.01, respectively).Conclusion
12-week supplementation of Fish oil-based PUFA appear to be more effective in improving DBP and hypertension-related symptoms than soybean oil in old adults with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia although both supplementation improved TC, LDL-C and HDL-C concentrations.2.
Ariela Braverman-Bronstein James F Thrasher Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu Mauricio Hernández-Ávila Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez 《Harm reduction journal》2018,15(1):50
Background
Article 10 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control states the need for industry disclosure of tobacco contents and emissions. Currently, the profiles of key tobacco compounds in legal and illegal cigarettes are largely unknown. We aimed to analyze and compare concentrations of nicotine, nitrosamines, and humectants in legal and illegal cigarettes collected from a representative sample of smokers.Methods
Participants of the International Tobacco Control cohort provided a cigarette pack of the brand they smoked during the 2014 wave. Brands were classified as legal or illegal according to the Mexican legislation. Nicotine, nitrosamines, glycerol, propylene glycol, and pH were quantified in seven randomly selected packs of each brand. All analyses were done blinded to legality status. Average concentrations per brand and global averages for legal and illegal brands were calculated. Comparisons between legal and illegal brands were conducted using t tests.Results
Participants provided 76 different brands, from which 6.8% were illegal. Legal brands had higher nicotine (15.05?±?1.89 mg/g vs 12.09?±?2.69 mg/g; p?<?0001), glycerol (12.98?±?8.03 vs 2.93?±?1.96 mg/g; p?<?0.001), and N-nitrosanatabine (NAT) (1087.5?±?127.0 vs 738.5?±?338 ng/g; p?=?0.006) concentrations compared to illegal brands. For all other compounds, legal and illegal brands had similar concentrations.Conclusion
Compared to illegal cigarettes, legal brands seem to have higher concentrations of nicotine, NAT, and glycerol. Efforts must be made to implement and enforce Article 10 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control to provide transparent information to consumers, regulators, and policy-makers; and to limit cigarette engineering from the tobacco industry.3.
Élvio R. Quintal Gouveia Bruna R. Gouveia Andreas Ihle Matthias Kliegel José A. Maia Sergi Bermudez i Badia Duarte L. Freitas 《Quality of life research》2017,26(6):1561-1569
Purpose
This study aimed (1) to examine the role of potential correlates of HRQoL in a large representative sample of older adults, and (2) to investigate whether the relationships between HRQoL and potential factors differ as a function of HRQoL component (physical vs. mental) and/or age cohort (young-old vs. old–old).Methods
This cross-sectional study included 802 older adults aged 60–79 years old. HRQoL was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. Functional fitness was assessed using the Senior Fitness Test. Physical activity was measured via the Baecke questionnaire. Demographic information, mental and health features were obtained through questionnaires.Results
A multiple regression analysis showed that BMI (β = ?0.15, p?=?0.001), body strength (β =?0.21, p?<?0.001), aerobic endurance (β =?0.29, p?<?0.001), physical activity (β =?0.11, p?=?0.007), depressive symptoms (β = ?0.19, p?<?0.001), falls (β = ?0.19, p?<?0.001), and living alone (β = ?0.16, p?<?0.001) were all significantly related to HRQoL-SF-36 total score. The positive relation with aerobic endurance was significantly higher for the physical component of HRQoL, while the negative relation with living alone was significantly higher for the mental component. The positive relation of HRQoL with physical activity was significantly higher in old–old compared to young-old adults.Conclusion
This data suggest that body composition, functional fitness, psycho-social factors, and falls are important correlates of HRQoL in old age. There are HRQoL-component and age-cohort differences regarding these correlates, underlying the need for specific strategies at the community level to promote HRQoL in older adults.4.
5.
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of daily consumption of vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink (doogh) in comparison with plain doogh on appetite-regulating hormones including leptin and ghrelin in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.Methods
In a single blind randomized clinical trial, subjects with T2D were randomly allocated to one of the two groups and received either vitamin D3-fortified doogh (FD; containing 170 mg calcium and 500 IU/250 mL, n 2?=?50) or plain doogh (PD; containing 170 mg calcium and no vitamin D/250 mL, n 1?=?50) twice a day for 12 weeks. Leptin and ghrelin were evaluated at the beginning and after 12 weeks of intervention.Results
The intervention resulted in a significant improvement of circulating 25(OH)D, fasting glucose, Quantitative Insulin Check Index (QUICKI), hs-CRP, in FD compared with PD group. A significant rise in both serum leptin (+1.3?±?7.2 mg/L; p?=?0.013) and ghrelin (10.1?±?26.1 ng/L; p?=?0.012) was observed in FD group. A between-group difference for ghrelin changes (p?=?0.029) remained significant after adjusting for changes QUICKI (p?=?0.039), body mass index (p?=?0.034) and hs-CRP (p?=?0.022). Despite an increase in both leptin and ghrelin, leptin to ghrelin (L/G) ratio actually decreased in FD. Changes of L/G ratio showed a significant between-group difference (p?=?0.036), which remained significant even after adjusting for changes of hs-CRP (p?=?0.028) and fat mass (p?=?0.047) but disappeared after adjusting for changes of QUICKI (p?=?0.42).Conclusions
Daily intake of vitamin D-fortified doogh may increase circulating leptin and ghrelin but L/G ratio may actually decrease. Our results suggest that improving vitamin D may result in an improvement in insulin sensitivity which may finally regulate beneficially appetite hormones. Further studies with adequate power are needed to confirm the results.6.
Frédéric Dutheil Gil Boudet Christophe Perrier Geraldine Naughton Alain Chamoux Pascal Huguet Martial Mermillod Foued Saâdaoui Farès Moustafa Jeannot Schmidt 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》2017,90(6):467-480
Purpose
To compare tachycardia and cardiac strain between 24-hour shifts (24hS) and 14-hour night shifts (14hS) in emergency physicians (EPs), and to investigate key factors influencing tachycardia and cardiac strain.Methods
We monitored heart rate (HR) with Holter-ECG in a shift-randomized trial comparing a 24hS, a 14hS, and a control day, within a potential for 19 EPs. We also measured 24-h HR the third day (D3) after both shifts. We measured perceived stress by visual analog scale and the number of life-and-death emergencies.Results
The 17 EPs completing the whole protocol reached maximal HR (180.9?±?6.9 bpm) during both shifts. Minutes of tachycardia?>100 bpm were higher in 24hS (208.3?±?63.8) than in any other days (14hS: 142.3?±?36.9; D3/14hS: 64.8?±?31.4; D3/24hS: 57.6?±?19.1; control day: 39.2?±?11.6 min, p?<?.05). Shifts induced a cardiac strain twice higher than in days not involving patients contact. Each life-and-death emergency enhanced 26 min of tachycardia?≥100 bpm (p?<?.001), 7 min?≥?110 bpm (p?<?.001), 2 min?≥?120 bpm (p?<?.001) and 19 min of cardiac strain?≥30% (p?=?.014). Stress was associated with greater duration of tachycardia?≥100, 110 and 120 bpm, and of cardiac strain?≥30% (p?<?.001).Conclusion
We demonstrated several incidences of maximal HR during shifts combined with a high cardiac strain. Duration of tachycardia were the highest in 24hS and lasted several hours. Such values are comparable to those of workers exposed to high physical demanding tasks or heat. Therefore, we suggest that EPs limit their exposure to 24hS. We, furthermore, demonstrated benefits of HR monitoring for identifying stressful events. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01874704.7.
P.?W.?Laksmi C.?Morin J.?Gandy L.?A.?Moreno S.?A.?Kavouras H.?Martinez J.?Salas-Salvadó I.?Guelinckx
Purpose
To report daily total fluid intake (TFI) and fluid types in Indonesia according to age, sex, socio-economic status (SES) and geographic region, and compare TFI with the Indonesian adequate fluid intake (AI) recommendations.Methods
Data were collected in 32 cities over nine regions from children (4–9 years, n?=?388), adolescents, (10–17 years, n?=?478) and adults (18–65 years, n?=?2778) using a fluid intake 7-day record (Liq.In7); socio-economic status was also recorded. The 7-day mean TFIs were compared with the AI of water set by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.Results
Total median fluid intakes for all age groups exceeded 2000 mL/day. At population level, TFI was associated with household income (P?<?0.001), education (P?<?0.001) and Indonesian geographical regions (P?<?0.001). More than 67% of participants met the AI of water from fluids. A higher percentage of children and adolescents met the AI (78 and 80%, respectively), compared with adults (72%). Drinking water was the main contributor to TFI in all age groups (76–81%). Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) were consumed by 62% children, 72% adolescents and 61% of adults. An SSB intake?≥?1 serving per day was observed for 24% children, 41% adolescents and 33% adults.Conclusions
A high percentage of the population drank enough to meet the AI of water from fluids. Water was the most frequently consumed drink; however, many participants consumed at least one serving of SSB per day. This study provides data to help direct targeted intervention programs.8.
Purpose
Modulating gut bacteria via regular prebiotics/probiotics consumption may improve the metabolism of acute alcohol ingestion. This study investigated the impact of 8-weeks prebiotics/probiotics supplementation on microbiome changes and responses to acute alcohol consumption.Methods
38 participants (21 females, 23.6?±?3.4 kg m?2, mean?±?SD) attended the laboratory on two occasions separated by an 8-week intervention period. On each of these visits, a dose of alcohol (0.40?±?0.04 g kg?1, Vodka?+?Soda-Water) was consumed over 10 min. Breath alcohol concentration was sampled over 5 h and alcohol pharmacokinetics was analysed using WinNonlin non-compartmental modelling (Cmax, tmax, AUClast). For the intervention, participants were randomised to receive Placebo?+?Placebo (PLA), Placebo?+?Prebiotics (PRE), Probiotics?+?Placebo (PRO), or Probiotics?+?Prebiotics (SYN) in a double-blinded manner. Probiotics were a commercially available source of Lactobacillus acidophilus (NCFM®) and Bifidobacterium lactis (Bi-07). Prebiotics were a commercially available source of Larch Gum (from Larix occidentalis). Placebo was microcrystalline cellulose. Each visit, participants provided a stool sample, which was analysed to determine the presence of L. acidophilus and B. lactis. Differences between trials were analysed using paired samples t tests.Results
Increased counts for at least one bacterial strain (L. acidophilus or B. lactis) were observed for all participants on SYN (n?=?10) and PRO (n?=?10) trials. No difference in Cmax or tmax was observed between trials when analysed by treatment condition or microbiome outcome. A significant decrease in AUClast was observed between trials for PLA (p?=?0.039) and PRE (p?=?0.030) treatments, and when increases in at least one bacterial strain (p?=?0.003) and no microbiome changes (p?=?0.016) were observed.Conclusion
Consumption of probiotics appears to alter faecal counts of supplemental bacterial strains in otherwise healthy individuals. However, translation to any possible beneficial impact on alcohol metabolism remains to be elucidated.9.
Amirsalar Samkani Mads J. Skytte Christian Anholm Arne Astrup Carolyn F. Deacon Jens J. Holst Sten Madsbad Ray Boston Thure Krarup Steen B. Haugaard 《Lipids in health and disease》2018,17(1):295
Background
Postprandial non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and triglyceride (TG) responses are increased in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may impair insulin action and increase risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Dietary carbohydrate reduction has been suggested as non-pharmacological therapy for T2DM, but the acute effects on NEFA and TG during subsequent meals remain to be investigated.Methods
Postprandial NEFA and TG responses were assessed in subjects with T2DM by comparing a carbohydrate-reduced high-protein (CRHP) diet with a conventional diabetes (CD) diet in an open-label, randomized, cross-over study. Each diet was consumed on two consecutive days, separated by a wash-out period. The iso-caloric CRHP/CD diets contained 31/54 E% from carbohydrate, 29/16 E% energy from protein and 40/30 E% from fat, respectively. Sixteen subjects with well-controlled T2DM (median HbA1c 47?mmol/mol, (37–67?mmol/mol) and BMI 30?±?4.4?kg/m2) participated in the study. NEFA and TG were evaluated following breakfast and lunch.Results
NEFA net area under curve (AUC) was increased by 97?±?38?μmol/Lx270 min (p?=?0.024) after breakfast but reduced by 141?±?33?μmol/Lx180 min (p?<?0.001) after lunch on the CRHP compared with CD diet. Likewise, TG net AUC was increased by 80?±?28?μmol/Lx270 min (p?=?0.012) after breakfast but reduced by 320?±?60?μmol/Lx180 min (p?<?0.001) after lunch on the CRHP compared with CD diet.Conclusions
In well-controlled T2DM a modest reduction of dietary carbohydrate with a corresponding increase in protein and fat acutely reduced postprandial serum NEFA suppression and increased serum TG responses after a breakfast meal but had the opposite effect after a lunch meal. The mechanism behind this second-meal phenomenon of CRHP diet on important risk factors for aggravating T2DM and cardiovascular disease awaits further investigation.Trial registration
The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT02472951. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02472951. Registered June 16, 2015.10.
Mirella Youssef Tawfik Rehab Ali Mohamed 《Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften》2016,24(2):153-164
Aim
This study aims to investigate the effect of a cardiovascular risk (CVR) communication intervention on the accuracy of CVR perception, diabetes self-care (DSC), glycosylated hemoglobin percent (HbA1c%), and CVR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Subject and methods
A randomized controlled trial was performed in T2DM patients attending the family medicine outpatient clinic in Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia. The intervention group (n?=?107) received a comprehensive CVR communication. Control subjects (n?=?107) received the standard usual care. The outcome measures were: accuracy of risk perception, DSC, HbA1c%, and CVR scores. Patients were investigated at baseline and 3 months after the intervention. Differences between arms were assessed using chi-square and Student's t-test, and within-group differences were assessed using the paired t-test and McNemar’s test.Results
After the intervention, the accuracy rate of risk perception was significantly improved (from 44.9 % to 89.7 %) in the intervention group with excellent improvement in agreement between perceived and objective risk (kappa?±?SE 83.7?±?4.4 %, p?<?0.000). Diabetes self-care sum scale scores and HbA1c% showed statistically significant improvements for within-intervention group comparisons and between groups after the intervention (p?<?0.000). Cardiovascular risk scores showed minimal, not statistically significant improvement in both groups.Conclusion
Our intervention significantly improved CVR perception, DSC, and HbA1c% in patients with T2DM. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of applying more complex and longer lifestyle interventions and to confirm the credibility and sustainability of improvement.11.
Helena?H.?Hauta-alus Elisa?M.?Holmlund-Suila Hannu?J.?Rita Maria?Enlund-Cerullo Jenni?Rosendahl Saara?M.?Valkama Otto?M.?Helve Timo?K.?Hytinantti Helj?-Marja?Surcel Outi?M.?M?kitie Sture?Andersson Heli?T.?Viljakainen
Purpose
The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to define maternal and umbilical cord blood (UCB) 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) to characterize maternal factors modifying 25(OH)D during pregnancy and predict UCB 25(OH)D in two subgroups with Declined [Δ25(OH)D?<0 nmol/l] and Increased [Δ25(OH)D?>0 nmol/l] 25(OH)D concentration.Methods
A complete dataset was available from 584 women. 25(OH)D was determined at gestational weeks 6–13 and in UCB. Baseline characteristics were collected retrospectively using questionnaires. Δ25(OH)D was calculated as UCB 25(OH)D?early pregnancy 25(OH)D. Dietary patterns were generated with principal component analysis. Multivariate regression models were applied.Results
Vitamin D deficiency was scarce, since only 1% had 25(OH)D concentration?<50 nmol/l both in early pregnancy and in UCB. Shared positive predictors of UCB 25(OH)D in the subgroups of Declined and Increased, were early pregnancy 25(OH)D (P?<?0.001) and supplemental vitamin D intake (P?<?0.04). For the Increased subgroup summer season at delivery (P?=?0.001) and “sandwich and dairy” dietary pattern characterized with frequent consumption of vitamin D fortified margarine and milk products (P?=?0.009) were positive predictors of UCB 25(OH)D. Physical activity (P?=?0.041) and maternal education (P?=?0.004) were additional positive predictors in the Declined groupConclusions
Maternal and newborn vitamin D status was sufficient, thus public health policies in Finland have been successful. The key modifiable maternal determinants for 25(OH)D during pregnancy, and of the newborn, were supplemental vitamin D intake, frequent consumption of vitamin D fortified foods, and physical activity.12.
Susanne Kobel Sarah Kettner Christine Lämmle Jürgen M. Steinacker 《Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften》2017,25(1):29-35
Aim
This study objectively investigated the amount and intensity of German primary school children’s physical activity (PA) during different segments of the school day and explored the contribution of physical education (PE) and break times to daily moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA).Subject and methods
PA of 294 children (7.1?±?0.7 years, 48 % male) was objectively measured for 6 days using Actiheart®. Based on children’s timetables, break times and PE periods were determined and PA was calculated individually and subsequently classified in light (1.5–3 MET), moderate (3–6 MET) and vigorous (>6 MET) intensities. Weight status was determined during a school visit.Results
Children spent 133?±?61 min in MVPA; on weekdays, this amount increased significantly (141?±?66 min, p?≤?0.01). 45.9 % of children reached physical activity guidelines of 60 min of MVPA daily, with boys achieving this goal significantly more often than girls (65.6 vs. 28.7 %, respectively; p?≤?0.01). PE lessons and break times accounted for 15?±?13 min (12.7 %) and 7?±?6 min (5.8 %) of daily MVPA, respectively. On days with PE, children spent 144?±?68 min in MVPA, whereas on days without PE, this time decreased significantly to 122?±?63 min (p?≤?0.01).Conclusion
The findings suggest that segments such as PE lessons and morning breaks are important sources for MVPA for boys and girls. This should therefore be considered for policies, timetables and curriculums in order to offer sufficient opportunities for children to be physically active during the school day.13.
Purpose
Hydroxocobalamin (HOCbl) is the dominating Cbl form in food, whereas cyanocobalamin (CNCbl) is common in vitamin pills and oral supplements. This study compares single-dose absorption and distribution of oral HO[57Co]Cbl and CN[57Co]Cbl in Cbl-deficient and normal rats.Methods
Male Wistar rats (7 weeks) were fed a 14-day diet with (n?=?15) or without (n?=?15) Cbl. We compared the uptakes of HO[57Co]Cbl (free or bound to bovine transcobalamin) and free CN[57Co]Cbl administered by gastric gavage (n?=?5 in each diet group). Rats were sacrificed after 24 h. Blood, liver, kidney, brain, heart, spleen, intestines, skeletal muscle, 24-h urine and faeces were collected, and the content of [57Co]Cbl was measured. Endogenous Cbl in tissues and plasma was analysed by routine methods.Results
Mean endogenous plasma-Cbl was sevenfold lower in deficient vs. normal rats (190 vs. 1330 pmol/L, p?<?0.0001). Cbl depletion increased endogenous Cbl ratios (tissue/plasma?=?kin/kout) in all organs except for the kidney, where the ratio decreased considerably. Twenty-four-hour accumulation of labelled Cbl showed that HOCbl?>?CNCbl (liver) and CNCbl?>?HOCbl (brain, muscle and plasma).Conclusions
The Cbl status of rats and the administered Cbl form influence 24-h Cbl accumulation in tissues and plasma.14.
Cristian Bersezio Javier Martín Carla Mayer Oriana Rivera Juan Estay Rolando Vernal Ziyad S. Haidar Pablo Angel Osmir B. OliveiraJr. Eduardo Fernández 《Quality of life research》2018,27(12):3199-3207
Purpose
Intracoronary bleaching is a minimally invasive, alternative treatment that addresses aesthetic concerns related to non-vital teeth discoloration. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have assessed the psychosocial impacts of such procedures on patients’ aesthetic perceptions. The aim of this study was to evaluate aesthetic perceptions and the psychosocial impact of patients up to 3 months after their teeth had been bleached with hydrogen peroxide (35%) and carbamide peroxide (37%) using the walking bleach technique.Methods
The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to the bleaching agent used: G1?=?hydrogen peroxide 35% (n?=?25) and G2?=?carbamide peroxide 37% (n?=?25). Non-vital bleaching was performed in four sessions. Color was objectively (ΔE) and subjectively (ΔSGU) evaluated. Aesthetic perception and psychosocial factors were evaluated before, 1 week and 1 month after the bleaching using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) questionnaires.Results
The color change (ΔE) values at 1 month were G1?=?16.80?±?6.07 and G2?=?14.09?±?4.83. These values remained stable until the third month after treatment (p?>?0.05). There was a decrease in the values of OHIP-aesthetics and PIDAQ after treatment versus baseline (p?<?0.05). This status was maintained through the third month after treatment.Conclusions
Both agents were highly effective and had a positive impact on the aesthetic perception and psychosocial impact of patients, values that also remained stable over time. Non-vital bleaching yields positive and stable impacts on aesthetic perception and psychosocial factors. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02718183.15.
Jessica L. Unick Wei Lang Samantha E. Williams Dale S. Bond Caitlin M. Egan Mark A. Espeland Rena R. Wing Deborah F. Tate SNAP Research Group 《The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity》2017,14(1):165
Background
Reductions in physical activity (PA) are common throughout young adulthood and low PA is associated with weight gain. The SNAP Trial previously reported that two self-regulation approaches to weight gain prevention reduced weight gain over a 2-year period in 18–35 year olds. Presented here are secondary analyses examining changes in PA and the relationship between PA and weight change over 2 years.Methods
599 young adults (age: 27.4?±?4.4 yrs.; BMI: 25.4?±?2.6 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment arms: Small Changes (reduce calorie intake by 100 kcals/day & add 2000 steps/day), Large Changes (lose 2.3–4.5 kg initially & increase PA to ≥250 min/wk), or Self-guided (control condition). Small and Large Changes received 10, face-to-face group sessions (months 1–4), and two 4-week refresher courses each subsequent year. Body weight and PA were objectively-measured at baseline, 4 months, 1 and 2 years. Daily steps and bout-related moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA: ≥3 METs, ≥10-min bouts) was calculated.Results
Changes in bout-related MVPA and daily steps did not differ among treatment groups over the 2-year period (p’s?>?0.16). Collapsed across groups, participants gaining >1 lb. (n?=?187; 39.6%) had smaller changes in bout-related MVPA at 4 months, 1 and 2 years relative to those maintaining or losing weight (≤1 lb. weight gain; n?=?282, 60.4%, p’s?<?0.05). Averaged across time points, this difference equated to 47.8 min/week. Those gaining and not gaining >1 lb. did not differ on daily steps (p’s?>?0.10). Among participants engaging in ≥250 min/wk. of MVPA at 2 years (n?=?181), 30% gained >1 lb. from baseline to 2 years, which was not different from those engaging in 150–250 min/wk. (n?=?87; 36%; p?=?0.40), but this percentage was significantly lower when compared to those engaging in <150 min/wk. (n?=?176; 49%; p?<?0.001).Conclusions
On average, PA differences were not observed between young adults assigned to small or large changes self-regulation interventions to prevent weight gain. Regardless of group assignment, higher levels of MVPA were associated with better weight gain prevention over 2 years. Our data suggest that achieving >150 min/week of MVPA is needed for weight gain prevention and that increasing MVPA, rather than steps, should be targeted.Trial registration
www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01183689). Registered Aug 13, 2010.16.
Background
To investigate the role of CD138 immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of chronic endometritis (CE) and the risk factors for assisted conception patients having CE complications.Methods
Ninety-three patients, with normal uterine shape confirmed by examination and who were planning to undergo assisted conception treatments, were selected as research subjects. Endometrial tissue was isolated for routine hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and CD138 immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, the disease histories of patients were collected, and the reproductive prognosis was followed up.Results
① CE detection rate: The rate of CD138 immunohistochemical staining was greater than that of HE staining (27.96 % vs. 26.89 %, P <0.05); ② Pregnancy rate: the pregnancy rate of CD138-positive patients (7.7 %) was lower than the pregnancy rate of CD138-negative patients (31.3 %) (p?=?0.017?<?0.05); ③ The results from univariate analysis showed that a previous history of prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes, an abortion history, and complications of fallopian tube obstruction were associated with CE (P <0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis confirmed that prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes (P?=?0.014, OR?=?5.394, 95 % CI 1.405-20.699), a previous abortion history (P?=?0.029, OR?=?3.194, 95 % CI 1.125-9.073), and fallopian tube obstruction (P?=?0.028, OR?=?3.274, 95 % CI 1.139-9.415) were independent risk factors for positive CD138 results.Conclusions
CD138 immunohistochemistry can improve the CE diagnosis rate. A previous history of prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes, an abortion history, and a history of fallopian tube obstruction are risk factors for chronic endometritis, and a CD138 immunohistochemical examination should be advised among them.17.
Purpose
Patients with advanced cancer have increased life expectancy but suffer from ongoing burden. Depressive symptomatology is their most common mental health concern. The Ottawa Palliative Rehabilitation Program (PRP) offers rehabilitation for this population. It offers 8 weeks of individualized interdisciplinary rehabilitation, post cancer treatment. Interventions include medical (physician and nurse), physiotherapy, occupational therapy, dietary, and social work using a general self-efficacy framework. Pilot data suggest benefits in a range of domains, including ratings of feeling “depressed.” We examined whether reduced symptomatology was maintained 3 months after PRP completion.Methods
Participants with advanced heterogeneous cancers who completed the PRP were mailed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (among others) 3-month post-PRP (n?=?44). Demographic and medical information were obtained from patient files.Results
There was a significant linear trend (mean T1: 6.79?±?2.29; T2: 5.23?±?3.06; T3: 4.59?±?3.34; p?=?0.007) with statistically and clinically significant decreases in reported depressive symptomatology between T1 and T2 (p?=?0.042) and T1 and T3 (p?=?0.007). There was a significant decreases in number of cases reporting symptomatology scores in the clinical range from T1 to T3 (p?=?0.038).Conclusion
Patients who undergo a palliative rehabilitation program may experience relief of mild depressive symptomatology, maintainable 3-month post-PRP. The sample was exhibiting mild symptomatology and these results may not be generalizable to those with higher scores; a lack of specialized psychosocial clinician may have affected the acquired sample. Experimental designs are needed to more thoroughly compare these findings to independent rehabilitation interventions.18.
Marzena Wątek Bonita Durnaś Tomasz Wollny Marcin Pasiarski Stanisław Góźdź Michał Marzec Anna Chabowska Przemysław Wolak Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska Robert Bucki 《Lipids in health and disease》2017,16(1):235
Background
Impaired apoptotic pathways in leukemic cells enable them to grow in an uncontrolled way. Moreover, aberrations in the apoptotic pathways are the main factor of leukemic cells drug resistance.Methods
To assess the presence of potential abnormalities that might promote dysfunction of leukemic cells growth, HPLC system was used to determine sphingosine (SFO), sphinganine (SFA), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide (CER) concentration in the blood collected from patients diagnose with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML; n?=?49) and compare to values of control (healthily) group (n?=?51). Additionally, in AML group concentration of SFO, SFA, S1P and CER was determined in bone marrow plasma and compared to respective values in blood plasma. The concentration of S1P and CER binding protein – plasma gelsolin (GSN) was also assessed in collected samples using immunoblotting assay.Results
We observed that in AML patients the average SFO, SFA and CER concentration in blood plasma was significantly higher (p?<?0.001) compare to control group, when blood plasma S1P concentration was significantly lower (p?<?0.001). At the same time the CER/S1P ratio in AML patient (44.5?±?19.4) was about 54% higher compare to control group (20.9?±?13.1). Interestingly the average concentration of S1P in blood plasma (196?±?13 pmol/ml) was higher compare to its concentration in plasma collected from bone marrow (154?±?21 pmol/ml).Conclusions
We hypothesize that changes in profile of sphingolipids concentration and some of their binding protein partners such as GSN in extracellular environment of blood and bone marrow cells in leukemic patients can be targeted to develop new AML treatment method(s).19.