眼轴长度与角膜曲率半径比值在儿童青少年近视评估中的效能

目的：评估眼轴长度与角膜曲率半径比值(AL/CR)在儿童青少年近视诊断中的价值。

方法：收集2022-01/2023-12在北海市第二人民医院视光门诊初次就诊的儿童青少年2 182例4 364眼的屈光度及眼生物学参数,并进行分析。

结果：受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析显示,AL/CR诊断近视具有更高的曲线下面积(AUC=0.925,95%CI为0.917-0.933),且AL/CR=3.053时,Youden指数最大,随着AL/CR界值变小,近视诊断的灵敏度呈升高趋势,特异度则有所下降。与筛查性近视相比,AL/CR=3.053诊断近视的灵敏度偏低,但特异度较高,尤其在远视和近视前期者中表现更明显。

结论：AL/CR对于近视诊断的准确性优于眼轴长度及平均角膜曲率,且具有更高的特异度; 随着AL/CR界值变小,其诊断近视的灵敏度增加,但特异度下降。在远视和近视前期者中,AL/CR对于近视诊断的特异度高于筛查性近视。     

学龄儿童眼球生物学参数变化的三年队列研究

目的 探讨学龄儿童眼球生物参数变化与近视发展特点。设计 回顾性队列研究。研究对象 6～7岁学龄儿童167例（167眼）。方法 167例儿童3年2次（2011年、2014年）行眼球生物参数与屈光度检查。根据检查结果（取右眼数据）,分为非近视组（2011年与2014年检查均未确定为近视）,新增近视组（2011年检查未近视,2014年检查确定近视）,近视组（2011年与2014年检查均确定为近视）。采用配对样本t检验比较各组参数变化,组间比较采用方差分析。主要指标 等效球镜（SE）、眼轴长度（AL）、角膜曲率半径（CR）、中央角膜厚度（CCT）、前房深度（ACD）、晶状体厚度（LT）、轴率比（AL/CR）等。结果  非近视组105眼2011到2014年SE、CR变化差异无统计学意义（t=0.86、-1.75,P=0.36、0.084）,AL、CCT、ACD、LT、AL/CR变化差异有统计学意义（t=-19.84、-2.28、-13.94、9.81、-8.18,P=0.000、0.025、0.000、0.000、0.000）。新增近视组45眼2011到2014年CR变化差异无统计学意义（t=-1.68,P=0.099）,SE、AL、CCT、ACD、LT、AL/CR变化差异有统计学意义（t=13.09、-15.54、3.37、-15.30、11.16、-61.90,P=0.000、0.000、0.002、0.000、0.000）。近视组17眼2011到2014年CR变化差异无统计学意义（t=-0.35,P=0.733）,SE、AL、CCT、ACD、LT、AL/CR变化差异有统计学意义（t=4.30、-10.70、-2.43、-3.746、4.439、-7.95,P=0.01、0.000、0.027、0.002、0.000、0.000）。3组间2011年SE、AL、ACD、LT、AL/CR比较差异均有统计学意义（F=46.14、8.89、9.29、4.47、11.76,P=0.000、0.000、0.000、0.013、0.000）,非近视组与新增近视组两两比较LT有显著差异;2014年SE、AL、ACD、LT、AL/CR组间比较差异均有统计学意义（F=134.85、24.77、11.17、6.63、41.08,P=0.000、0.000、0.000、0.002、0.000）。结论  三年随访观察显示,此年龄段儿童眼球生物参数变化显示SE降低、AL增长、CCT变厚、ACD加深、LT变薄、AL/CR增大等特点,而CR无明显变化。LT可能是近视发生的预警信号之一。（眼科,2016, 25: 106-109）     

低度近视学龄儿童眼成像质量、屈光和结构参数的相关研究

目的：分析低度近视学龄儿童全眼波前像差与近视屈光度、角膜曲率、眼轴等参数的相关性。方法：系列病例研究。纳入180名8～13岁、等效球镜度为-0.50～-3.00 D低度近视儿童,进行主觉验光,IOLMaster测量眼轴（AL）、角膜曲率半径（平坦径线角膜曲率半径R1,陡峭径线角膜曲率半径R2,平均角膜曲率半径R）,WASCA波前像差仪测量像差。多元线性回归分析像差的影响因素,采用Pearson相关、Spearman相关分析波前像差、屈光度及结构参数的相关性。结果：近视屈光度与像差不相关,显著影响总高阶像差的主要因素是角膜曲率和年龄（R2：B=-0.054,t=-2.986,P=0.003;年龄：B=0.009,t=2.176,P=0.031）,其中角膜曲率主要影响四阶像差,年龄主要影响三阶像差。眼轴与高阶像差、四阶像差、球差相关（r=-0.147、-0.333、-0.358,均P < 0.05）,R1（r=-0.249、-0.421、-0.435,均P < 0.001）和R2（r=-0.260、-0.377、-0.392,均P < 0.001）也与高阶像差、四阶像差、球差存在相关性。AL/R与球镜度、等效球镜度相关（r=-0.490、-0.527,均P < 0.001）。结论：低度近视学龄儿童成像质量可能主要受人眼结构而非屈光状态的影响。     

小学生双眼屈光不均衡发育的影响因素分析

目的:研究6～12岁儿童双眼屈光不均衡发育的影响因素。方法:于2019-12在天津市滨海新区两所小学采用整群抽样的方法选取儿童607人,平均年龄8.2±1.8岁,均进行光学生物测量(眼轴长度、角膜前表面平均屈光力)、睫状肌麻痹后屈光检查及问卷调查。结果:纳入儿童等效球镜度为-0.11±1.63D,双眼等效球镜度差异为-0.08±0.64D,等效球镜度差异绝对值为0.41±0.49D。检出屈光参差儿童56人,非屈光参差儿童551人,屈光参差儿童和非屈光参差儿童双眼角膜屈光力差异绝对值无差异(0.30±0.34D vs 0.27±0.24D,P=0.430),眼轴差异绝对值有差异(0.67±0.39mm vs 0.13±0.13mm,P=0.005)。多因素线性回归分析显示,每周手机/电脑使用时间、每周近距离工作时间、每周视疲劳次数、习惯阅读距离是屈光不均衡发育程度(双眼等效球镜度差异绝对值)的影响因素;习惯阅读距离、写字时利手是屈光不均衡发育偏向(双眼等效球镜度差异)的影响因素。结论:6～12岁儿童看手机/电脑时间长、近距离工作时间长、视疲劳次数增多、习惯阅读距离近可能引起屈光发育不均衡...     

眼部分屈光要素对大学生近视的影响

目的：通过对在校大学生眼球的部分屈光要素(角膜曲率、眼轴长度)检查,了解其对大学生近视的影响。
　　方法：对在校456例912眼近视学生采用睫状肌麻痹验光和检影验光测得静态屈光度且测定患者的角膜曲率及测定眼轴长度并进行分析。
　　结果：近视学生456例912眼中,屈光度在-3.00 DS以下者有524眼(57.5%),-3.25~-6.00 DS 有265眼(29.1%),-6.25DS以上有123眼(13.5%);高度近视与中低度近视眼轴长度平均值之间差异有显著性(P<0.05);在两个年龄组的不同屈光度组中,角膜垂直径线和水平径线屈折力差异有显著性(P<0.05)。
　　结论：大学生近视以低度近视为最多,占57.5%,女生近视多于男生,可能与女生青春发育期较男生早有关。中、低度组的学生近视并不是由于眼轴延长所致,可能是各屈光要素的曲率及匹配失调不平衡所致;在高度近视组中,近视的主要原因是由于眼轴增长的结果。     

3～6岁学龄前儿童各屈光参数情况及其与等效球镜的相关分析

目的:探讨3～6岁学龄前儿童各屈光参数的分布情况及其与等效球镜(SE)的关系,并评估各筛查指标在诊断屈光不正方面的准确性。方法:横断面研究。选取同意完成散瞳验光的3～6岁学龄前儿童,共计791名。测量眼轴长度(AL)、角膜屈光力(K),小瞳孔下电脑验光和散瞳验光后SE,然后计算角膜曲率半径(CR)及眼轴长度/角膜曲率半径(AL/CR)比值。结果:共纳入791名学生,其中男生400人(50.6%),女生391人(49.4%)。AL、CR、AL/CR及SE平均值分别为22.62±0.94mm、7.81±0.29mm、2.90±0.09、+1.95±1.31D。AL、CR及AL/CR随年龄的增大而增大;男生AL及CR显著大于女生(均P<0.001),男生与女生AL/CR及SE均无差异(P=0.82、0.19)。SE与AL/CR、AL、CR的相关系数分别为-0.86、-0.50、0.16。多元线性回归表明：AL/CR每增加1个单位,SE向近视转变10.91个单位。AL/CR筛查近视的灵敏度为94.44%,特异度为90.46%,约登指数为0.84;小瞳孔下电脑验光筛查近视的灵敏度为100%...     

Axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio and refractive development evaluation in 3- to 4-year-old children: the Shanghai Pudong Eye Study

AIM: To measure and analysis axial length (AL)/corneal radius of curvature (CRC) ratio and other refractive parameters, provide a medical reference range for refractive development evaluation and earlier visual impairment screening of 3 to 4y kindergarten students. METHODS: Between April and June 2017, a total of 4350 participants aged 3- to 4-year-old (8700 eyes) from 10 cluster random sampling kindergartens in Shanghai, Pudong District were involved. According to the measurement and analysis of the unaided visual acuity (VA), AL, CRC, AL/CRC ratio, astigmatism and other refractive parameters, the data distribution and reference range were obtained. RESULTS: Uncorrected VA of examined children was 0.23±0.08 (logMAR, mean±SD) [95% confidence interval (CI) range ≤0.36]; AL was 22.10±0.79 mm (95%CI 20.55-23.65); CRC was 7.86±0.26 mm (95%CI, 7.35-8.37); AL/CRC ratio was 2.81±0.12 (95%CI, 2.57-3.05). The median of astigmatism was -0.5 D, a total of 56.3% had astigmatism <-0.50 D, 85.3%<-1.00 D, 6.7%>-1.50 D; 71% were astigmatism with the rule. Eye-specific analyses were conducted. Statistical difference of VA was in right and left eyes. There were no significant differences between two eyes of AL, CRC, AL/CRC ratio and astigmatism (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: VA and AL/CRC ratio reference could be used to assess refractive development in children and screening uncorrected refractive errors or amblyopia. Astigmatism needs to be considered in the diagnosis.     

Distribution and correlation of refractive parameters in children with different corneal curvatures in southeast China

AIM: To analyze the distribution of refractive status in school-age children with different corneal curvatures (CC) and the correlation between CC and refractive status. METHODS: A total of 2214 school-aged children of grade 4 in Hangzhou who were screened for school myopia were included. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), non-cycloplegic refraction, axial length (AL), horizontal and vertical corneal curvature (K1, K2) were measured and spherical equivalent (SE), corneal curvature radius (CCR) and axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio (AL/CR) were calculated. UCDVA<5.0 and SE≤-0.50 D were classified as school-screening myopia. According to the different CCRs, the patients were divided into the lower corneal curvature (LCC) group (CCR≥7.92) and the higher corneal curvature (HCC) group (CCR<7.92). Each group was further divided into the normal AL subgroup and the long AL subgroup. The refractive parameters were compared to identify any differences between the two groups. RESULTS: Both SE and AL were greater in the LCC group (P=0.013, P<0.001). The prevalence of myopia was 38% in the LCC group and 44% in the HCC group (P<0.001). The proportion of children without screening myopia was higher in the LCC group (62%) than in the HCC group (56%). Among these children without screening myopia, the proportion of long AL in the LCC group (24%) was significantly higher than that in the HCC group (0.012%; P<0.001). The change of SE in the LCC group was less affected by the increase of AL than that in the HCC group. CONCLUSION: School-aged children in the LCC group have a lower incidence of screening myopia and longer AL. Low CC can mask SE reduction and AL growth to some extent, and the change of AL growth change more in children with low CC than high CC. Before the onset of myopia, its growth rate is even faster than that after the onset of myopia.     

Refractive component changes in adult-onset myopia: evidence from five studies*

Because the growth of the eys is considered to be complex by the age of 13 of 14 years, many vision scientists and practitioners have believed that myopia having its onset in the lated teen or early adult years is due to refractive component changes other than axial elongation. During the past several years, five studies of the refrative components in early adult-onset myopia, as compared to those in emmetropia and youth-onset myopia, have been reported. Three of these studies include only cross-sectional data, whereas two have provided longitudinal data. The results of these studies, taken together, leave no doubt that early adult-onset mypoia occurs, as does youth-onset myopia, as a result of an uncompensated increase in vitreous chamber depth. Many studies, including two to the five studies reviewed here, have provided evidence that corneal steepening occurs prior to or consequent with the development of mypoia. The role of corneal steeping is particularly well illustrated by evidence that an increase in the ration between axial length and corneal radius (the axial length/corneal radius ration) appears to be a risk factor for the developement of myopia. None of the studies cited here supplies evidence for a form of myopia that is caused by an increase in corneal power or lens power in the absence of vitreous chameber elongation.     

眼轴与角膜曲率半径的比值评估儿童青少年近视的准确性研究

目的：探讨眼轴(AL)与平均角膜曲率半径(CR)比值(AL/CR值,简称轴率比)评估儿童青少年近视的准确性。方法：横断面研究。收集2022-01/10在绍兴市上虞人民医院眼科门诊就诊的4-16岁儿童青少年340例680眼,对所有患者进行睫状体麻痹后验光获得等效球镜度数(SE),检查记录患者AL、平均CR,并计算AL/CR值。结果：所有患者接受睫状体麻痹后验光检查,共检出近视(SE≤-0.50 D)609眼(89.6%),远视(SE≥+0.50 D)58眼(8.5%),正视(-0.50 D&#x003C;SE&#x003C;+0.50 D)13眼(1.9%),不同屈光状态患者组间SE、AL、AL/CR值比较均有差异(P&#x003C;0.01),CR无差异(P&#x003E;0.05)。所有受检者屈光参数：SE +8.75--8.75(平均-2.25±2.38)D; AL 19.91-27.54(平均24.41±1.22)mm; CR 7.17-8.71(平均7.83±0.27); AL/CR值2.50-3.50(平均3.12±0.14),相关性分析显示SE与AL/CR、AL有较强的负相关(r=-0.891,P&#x003C;0.01; r=-0.758,P&#x003C;0.01),SE与CR无明显相关性(r=0.067,P&#x003E;0.05),AL与CR呈正相关关系(r=0.483,P&#x003C;0.01)。SE与AL/CR、AL的线性关系分别为SE=45.026-15.162×AL/CR,R2=0.794,SE=33.741-1.474×AL,R2=0.574。以睫状肌麻痹验光结果为金标准,AL/CR值诊断近视的灵敏度为0.962,特异度为0.839,误诊率为0.169,漏诊率为0.038,准确度为94.85%,Kappa系数为0.742,ROC曲线下面积为0.972。结论：AL/CR值对近视的定性诊断价值较高,对近视监测具有一定的临床意义,可用于指导近视防控等相关眼科临床工作。     

口服递法明片对控制儿童近视的短期研究

目的:回顾性研究近视儿童口服递法明片后6mo内近视进展情况.方法:收集2012-06/2015-01来我院就诊的3～13岁年龄段的近视患者36例69眼,其中男16例30眼,女20例39眼,双眼经阿托品散瞳验光后根据等效球镜度数分为三组,其中高度近视组(＞-6.00D)30眼,中度近视组(-3.00～-6.00D)24眼,轻度近视组(＜-3.00D)15眼;根据年龄分为两组,其中学龄前组(＜6岁)21眼,青少年组(≥6岁)48眼.均口服递法明片,使用前及使用后6mo自身对比分析等效球镜度数、最佳矫正视力、眼轴长度、角膜曲率半径、并计算眼轴(axial length,AL)和平均角膜曲率半径(curvatures radius of cornea,CR)的比值(AL/CR).结果:服用递法明片后6to内,轻度和中度近视儿童患者的等效球镜度数、眼轴和AL/CR均较服药前有增加,但只有中度近视儿童患者有统计学意义(P＜0.05);高度近视儿童患者等效球镜度数、眼轴较服药前有增加,AL/CR无明显变化,均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).学龄前组和青少年组等效球镜度数、眼轴和AL/CR均较服药前增加,但只有学龄前组眼轴和AL/CR差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:短期口服递法明对于儿童的轻度和重度近视的进展有一定的控制作用,但是对于儿童的中度近视控制作用不明显;同时短期口服对青少年近视进展控制有一定的作用,但是对学龄前儿童近视进展控制作用不明显.     

0.05% atropine on control of myopia progression in Chinese school children: a randomized 3-year clinical trial

AIM: To evaluate the effect of 0.05% atropine on the control of myopia for 2y (phase I) and on spherical equivalent refraction (SER) progression for 1y (phase II) after its withdrawal in Chinese myopic children. METHODS: Totally 142 children with myopia were randomly assigned to the 0.05% atropine group or to the placebo group. In phase I, children received 1 treatment for each eye daily. In phase II, the patients received no treatment. Axial length (AL), SER, intraocular pressure (IOP) and atropine-related side effects were assessed at 6 months’ intervals. RESULTS: During phase I, the mean change of SER was -0.46±0.30 D in the atropine group, compared to -1.72±1.12 D in the placebo group (P<0.001). The mean change of AL in the atropine group (0.26±0.30 mm) was significantly shorter than that in the placebo group (0.76±0.62 mm, P=0.002). In addition, in phase II (12mo after the withdrawal of atropine), there was no significant difference in AL change from the atropine group, when compared with that from the placebo group (0.31±0.25 mm vs 0.28±0.26 mm, P>0.05). Furthermore, the change in SER from the atropine group was 0.50±0.41 D, which was significantly lower than 0.72±0.60 D from placebo group, (P<0.05). Finally, there were no statistically significant differences in IOP between the treatment and control groups at any stages (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The use of 0.05% atropine for two consecutive years may effectively control elongation of AL and thus progression of myopia, without significant SER progression 1y after atropine withdrawal. Therefore, treatment with 0.05% atropine daily for 2y is effective and safe.     

基于PubMed数据库的角膜移植手术文献计量分析

目的:了解角膜移植手术研究文献的分布规律和国际研究趋势。方法:利用美国国立图书馆的PubMed数据库为数据源,对2000/2012年所收录的角膜移植手术相关文献的年代分布、国家和地区、发文语种及作者情况等进行统计分析,并利用书目共现分析系统(BICOMB)、SPSS19.0分析软件对高频主题词进行聚类分析。结果:2000/2012年累计收录角膜移植手术相关研究文献3363篇,文献数据逐渐增多;研究文献以英语为主,我国文献量位列第4;统计出高频主题词50个,聚类分析显示高频主题词主要聚类于3个类别,分别为角膜内皮移植手术、角膜移植手术后并发症治疗、角膜移植手术后的免疫排斥反应。结论:角膜移植手术研究文献呈增长趋势,研究热点为角膜内皮移植手术。     

眼轴长度与角膜曲率半径及其比值对儿童青少年屈光不正的影响和定性评估

目的：探讨眼轴长度(AL)与角膜曲率半径(CR)及其比值(AL/CR)对儿童青少年屈光状态的影响,评估AL/CR比值对青少年儿童近视的作用和意义。

方法：横断面研究。选取2017-12/2018-12在我院首诊的3～16岁疑似屈光不正儿童青少年816例1 632眼,检测AL和CR,并行双眼睫状肌麻痹后验光,记录等效球镜度数(SE)。

结果：本研究纳入受检者816例,检出屈光不正者773例(94.7%),其中近视患者以7～14岁者居多(88.6%)。不同屈光度组受检者右眼AL和AL/CR比值均有差异(P<0.001)。近视和中度远视受检者的SE与AL和AL/CR比值均具有较强的相关性,年龄越大的受检者其SE与AL和AL/CR比值的相关性越强。以睫状肌麻痹验光结果为金标准,AL/CR比值诊断近视的灵敏度为0.880,特异度为0.916,准确度为89.2%,Kappa系数为0.760,ROC曲线下面积为0.954。

结论：中度远视、近视、年龄越大的儿童青少年SE与AL、AL/CR比值的相关性更强,其中AL/CR比值对近视的定性诊断价值更高。     

眼屈光要素对青少年近视的影响

目的 :通过检查青少年学生眼球的屈光要素 (角膜曲率、眼轴长度 ) ,了解其对青少年近视的影响。方法 :对近视学生采用散瞳验光和电脑验光及测定患者的角膜曲率和用A超测定眼轴长度而进行分析。结果 :4 2 7例 85 4眼的学生近视 ,其中屈光度在 - 3.0 0DS以下者有 4 6 1只眼占 5 4 .0 % ,- 3.2 5～ - 6 .0 0DS者有 2 86只眼占 33.5 % ,- 6 .2 5DS以上者有 10 7只眼占 12 .5 %。近视学生男 188例 ,女 2 39例。角膜曲率 (屈光力 )平均水平曲率为 (4 3.0 3± 0 .35 )D ,垂直曲率为 (4 3.75± 0 .4 3)D。眼轴长度平均为 (2 3.0 7± 0 .19)mm。在同年龄组同性别组中垂直和水平角膜曲率之间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。在 6～ 12岁和 13～ 15岁组中 ,中度和低度近视平均眼轴长度之间差异没有显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :学生近视以轻度近视 (- 3.0 0DS)为最多 ,占 5 4 .0 % ,女生近视多于男生 ,可能与女生青春发育期比男生早有关。低年龄学生的中、低度近视属非轴性近视 ,是由于眼屈光要素之间不匹配、不协调而失平衡所致。     

Common determinants of body size and eye size in chickens from an advanced intercross line

Myopia development is characterised by an increased axial eye length. Therefore, identifying factors that influence eye size may provide new insights into the aetiology of myopia. In humans, axial length is positively correlated to height and weight, and in mice, eye weight is positively correlated with body weight. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between eye size and body size in chickens from a genetic cross in which alleles with major effects on eye and body size were segregating. Chickens from a cross between a layer line (small body size and eye size) and a broiler line (large body and eye size) were interbred for 10 generations so that alleles for eye and body size would have the chance to segregate independently. At 3 weeks of age, 510 chicks were assessed using in vivo high resolution A-scan ultrasonography and keratometry. Equatorial eye diameter and eye weight were measured after enucleation. The variations in eye size parameters that could be explained by body weight (BW), body length (BL), head width (HW) and sex were examined using multiple linear regression. It was found that BW, BL and HW and sex together predicted 51-56% of the variation in eye weight, axial length, corneal radius, and equatorial eye diameter. By contrast, the same variables predicted only 22% of the variation in lens thickness. After adjusting for sex, the three body size parameters predicted 45-49% of the variation in eye weight, axial length, corneal radius, and eye diameter, but only 0.4% of the variation in lens thickness. In conclusion, about half of the variation in eye size in the chickens of this broiler-layer advanced intercross line is likely to be determined by pleiotropic genes that also influence body size. Thus, mapping the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that determine body size may be useful in understanding the genetic determination of eye size (a logical inference of this result is that the 20 or more genetic variants that have recently been shown to influence human height may also be found to influence axial eye length). Furthermore, adjusting for body size will be essential in mapping pure eye size QTL in this chicken population, and may also have value in mapping eye size QTL in humans.     

Comparing ocular biometry and autorefraction measurements from the Myopia Master with the IOLMaster 700 and the Huvitz HRK-8000A autorefractor

Purpose

To compare axial length (AL) and corneal radius (CR) measured with the Oculus Myopia Master and the Zeiss IOLMaster 700, and cycloplegic refractive error measured with the Myopia Master and the Huvitz Auto Ref/Keratometer (HRK-8000A).

Methods

The study included both eyes of 74 participants (16 male), with a mean (SD) age of 22.8 (3.7) years. The parameters indicated were measured under cycloplegia with these instruments: Myopia Master (AL, CR and refractive error), IOLMaster 700 (AL and CR) and HRK-8000A (refractive error and CR). Bland–Altman plots with mixed effects 95% limits of agreement (LoA) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the agreement in ocular biometry between the Myopia Master and the IOLMaster 700, and for refractive error between the Myopia Master and the HRK-8000A.

Results

The analysis included 139 eyes, of which 52 were myopic (spherical equivalent refractive error, SER ≤ −0.50 D), 32 emmetropic and 55 hyperopic (SER ≥ 0.50 D). The 95% LoA for AL between the Myopia Master and IOLMaster 700 was −0.097 to 0.089 mm. There was no mean difference in AL [mean (SD) = −0.004 (0.047) mm, p = 0.34]. There was a significant difference in mean CR, with that measured with the Myopia Master being flatter than that found with the IOLMaster 700 [0.035 (0.028) mm, p < 0.001]. The 95% LoA for CR was −0.02 to 0.09 mm. Compared with HRK-8000A, the Myopia Master measured a significantly more negative SER [−0.19 (0.33) D, p < 0.001], with 95% LoA of −0.86 to 0.46 D.

Conclusion

The LoA for measurements of SER, CR and AL when comparing the Myopia Master with the HRK-8000A and the IOLMaster 700 were wider than deemed acceptable for making direct comparisons. This indicates that the instruments cannot be used interchangeably in clinical practice or research.     

Bibliometric analysis of research relating to refractive cataract surgery over a 20-year period: from 2003 to 2022

AIM: To investigate the research trend on refractive cataract surgery, compare the contributions of different countries, institutions, journals, and authors in the past 20y, and explore its potential research hotspots.METHODS: All publications were extracted relating to refractive cataract surgery from 2003 to 2022 from Web of Science. Document types were limited to original articles and reviews, and the language was limited to English. Quantitatively and qualitatively of the publications were analyzed through Microsoft Excel and GraphPad Prism. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used for bibliometric and visualized analysis.RESULTS: A total of 2090 publications were enrolled. The United States contributed the most publications (434, 20.8%), followed by China (345, 16.5%) and England (163, 7.80%). Publications from the United States were cited more frequently (9552 citations) with the highest H-index of 48. China ranked second in the total number of publications, the papers were not cited that frequently (3237 citations), and the H-index ranked sixth (H-index=29). Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery published the most papers (333, 15.9%), and the University of London had the highest number of publications (75, 3.59%). Dick HB from Germany published the most papers. Corneal astigmatism-related research, cataract surgery method-related research, postoperative visual-quality relate to research, and postoperative complications-relate research are the hotspots in this field. The most significant limitation was that the database was updated frequently and the latest publications were not included.CONCLUSION: The bibliometric analysis shows a brief summarization of the contribution of the authors, institutions, countries, and journals. Corneal astigmatism, cataract surgery method, postoperative visual-quality and postoperative complications related researches have become the emerging hotspots, which can give a direction in the future researches.     

高度近视眼球轴长、角膜曲率及后段眼球壁改变的临床观察

目的:为探讨高度近视眼球壁形态改变特征与视功能之关系。方法:对140例(280只眼),其屈光度在～6.25～-30.00D之间,进行眼轴长、角膜曲率等系列数据检测,经统计学处理。结果:1.高度近视眼矫正视力随屈光度增加而明显下降,有显著差异性(P<0.001)。2.96.1％的眼球前后内径轴长增长,其屈光度随之增高。3.有27.1％的眼球突出度向前变突。4.前表面角膜曲率与正视眼球相比无明显差异。5.有80.7％的眼球发生后巩膜葡萄肿。6.有82.3％的眼球发生视神经萎缩及视盘萎缩弧斑。7.有5.3％的眼球发生眼内压升高。结论:由于高度近视眼球壁发生一系列病理性改变,因而导致临床上视功能严重受损,是视力不能矫正的主要原因。眼科学报1996;11:188～190。