血红素加氧酶1在高糖和晚期糖基化终末产物诱导的THP-1细胞氧化应激中的作用

目的 探讨血红素加氧酶1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)在高糖和晚期糖基化终末产物(AGE)诱导的人单核细胞氧化应激中的作用.方法 根据是否加用15 mmoL/L葡萄糖(高糖)+100μg/ml AGE或HO-1抑制剂锌原卟啉(zinc protoporphyrin,ZnPP),将人单核细胞白m病细胞株THP-1细胞分为正常糖组(5 mmoL/L)、高糖+AGE组、高糖+AGE+ZnPP组、正常糖+ZnPP组,孵育24 h后收集细胞及培养液上清,榆测各组细胞的活性氧簇(ROS)、培养液上清丙二醛和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平以及HO-1 mRNA和蛋白的表达.结果 高糖+AGE组和正常糖+ZnPP组的ROS、丙二醛和TNF-α水平均显著高于正常糖组(均P<0.05).高糖+AGE+ZnPP组的ROS、TNF-α水平显著高于高糖+AGE组(均P<0.05).高糖+AGE+ZnPP组的HO-1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著低于高糖+AGE组(0.39+0.02±0.89 vs 0.09±0.384±0.00 vs 0.81±0.02,均P<0.05).结论 ZnPP通过抑制HO-1表达加重高糖和AGE导致的单核细胞氧化应激,HO-1可能在糖尿病氧化应激中起重要作用.     

葡萄糖和晚期糖基化终产物联合刺激对人单核细胞血红素加氧酶1表达的影响

目的 探讨葡萄糖和晚期糖基化终产物(AGE)联合刺激对人单核细胞THP-1血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)表达的影响. 方法 分别以15mmol/L葡萄糖、100μg/ml AGE和二者联合刺激THP-1,比较各组活性氧(ROS)产量,培养液丙二醛(MDA)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)水平和细胞HO-1mRNA及蛋白的表达量. 结果葡萄糖和AGE联合刺激的ROS产量、MDA、TNFα水平及HO-1mRNA和蛋白表达均明显高于单独刺激组. 结论 葡萄糖和AGE联合刺激可导致THP-1细胞氧化应激和HO-1表达增加.     

转染血红素加氧酶1基因对高糖和高脂诱导内皮细胞损伤的影响

目的探讨血红素加氧酶1对高浓度软脂酸和葡萄糖诱导的内皮细胞损伤的影响.方法利用逆转录病毒介导的基因转染技术将血红素加氧酶1基因转染入人脐静脉内皮细胞(ECV304细胞).应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测转染细胞血红素加氧酶1mRNA表达水平.将未转染和转染血红素加氧酶1基因的内皮细胞分别培养于含不同浓度的葡萄糖和/或软脂酸的培养基中,培养48h后,检测细胞存活率、乳酸脱氢酶释放率和细胞脂质过氧化产物丙二醛的含量.结果血红素加氧酶1基因在转染内皮细胞的表达显著升高;未转染细胞在20mmol/L 葡萄糖和不同浓度软脂酸共同培养后存活率明显下降,乳酸脱氢酶释放率和丙二醛含量增高;而转染细胞存活率较相同处理因素的未转染细胞提高,乳酸脱氢酶释放率和丙二醛含量下降;应用血红素加氧酶1抑制剂锌原卟啉后,上述保护作用消失.结论血红素加氧酶1基因的表达上调可减轻高糖和高脂对内皮细胞的损伤,其机制与抑制细胞内氧化应激反应有关.     

改变血红素加氧酶-1水平对糖尿病大鼠氧化应激状态及肾功能的影响

目的 探讨血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)对糖尿病(DM)大鼠氧化应激状态及肾功能的影响.方法 以链脲佐菌素诱导DM大鼠模型.SD大鼠分成4组:对照组、DM组、正铁血红素Hemin(HO-1)诱导剂组、ZnPP(HO-1抑制剂)组.检测血清总抗氧化能力(TAOC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和尿白蛋白排泄率(UEA);RT-PCR法检测肾脏组织TNF-α和HO-1mRNA表达水平.结果 Hemin组血清总抗氧化能力与DM组相比明显增高;而给予ZnPP后DM大鼠MDA含量增加,总抗氧化能力降低;DM大鼠UEA上升(P均<0.01),并随病程延长而加重.Hemin组UEA与DM 5 w组相比已有下降趋势,但尚无统计学差异(P>0.05);ZnPP组大鼠UEA明显增高(P<0.01);与对照组相比,DM大鼠肾组织TNF-α及HO-1 mRNA表达增加;应用Hemin后DM大鼠肾脏组织TNF-α表达减少(P<0.01).结论提高DM大鼠肾脏HO-1表达水平可以改善肾组织氧化应激状态、延缓肾功能障碍.     

晚期糖基化终产物通过氧化应激引起人骨髓间充质干细胞凋亡

目的 观察不同剂量晚期糖基化牛血清白蛋白(AGE-BSA)对体外分离培养的人骨髓间充质干细胞增殖、凋亡及氧化应激的影响,为临床上提高干细胞移植治疗糖尿病心肌病后供体干细胞的存活率提供新的依据.方法 采用全骨髓法从人的骨髓标本中分离培养骨髓间充质干细胞,以含10%FCS的L-DMEM 培养细胞,0.25%的胰酶消化后按1:2 比例传代接种培养,对第3代细胞应用流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标志CD44、CD105和CD34.在骨髓间充质干细胞中加入不同浓度的AGE-BSA,作用24 h后加入CCK-8溶液,37℃5%CO2培养箱培养1 h,用酶标仪在450 nm处测定吸光度值.采用Annexin V/PI 双染法进行染色,避光作用20 min后,将细胞置于流式细胞仪上检测细胞凋亡率.同时对细胞内活性氧水平进行测定,并且测定细胞内的丙二醛含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性.结果 传代后的骨髓间充质干细胞呈鱼群样或漩涡状排列,细胞为长梭形,贴壁紧密,形态较为一致.细胞表面标志CD105(间充质干细胞相对特异性标志)及CD44(黏附分子,基质细胞表达)呈阳性表达,阳性率分别为98.9%、97.8%;CD34(造血干细胞/祖细胞及内皮细胞阳性)呈阴性表达,表达百分率为0.8%.与对照组相比,20、50、100和200 mg/L AGE-BSA均不同程度地抑制骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖,促进其凋亡,随着作用浓度的增加,细胞内活性氧含量、丙二醛含量明显增加,而细胞匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶的活性却受到了抑制,具有剂量依赖效应.结论 晚期糖基化终产物通过促进骨髓间充质干细胞内活性氧生成、减少抗氧化酶生成,增强氧化应激,破坏细胞内环境稳定性,从而抑制骨髓间充质干细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡.     

糖尿病患者慢性并发症与外周血单核细胞血红素加氧酶1表达的相关性研究

目的探讨初诊2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症与外周血单核细胞血红素加氧酶1（HO-1）表达的相关性。方法初诊2型糖尿病36例分为并发症组和无并发症组,正常对照组（NC）10名,比较各组空腹血糖（FPG）、血清丙二醛（MDA）水平、外周血单核细胞活性氧（ROS）产量及HO-1表达水平,并分析其相关性。结果糖尿病各组的FPG、MDA、ROS和HO-1水平均显著高于NC组（P〈0．01）,有并发症组的上述各指标均显著高于无并发症组（P〈0．05）。HO-1 mRNA分别与HO-1蛋白、MDA、FPG水平显著正相关,HO-1蛋白水平与ROS、MDA显著正相关,MDA与ROS显著正相关（P〈0．05）。结论初诊2型糖尿病合并慢性并发症患者的高血糖引起氧化应激并诱导HO-1适应性和代偿性增高,将来有望通过适当诱导HO-1高表达以拮抗糖尿病氧化应激。     

血红素加氧酶1对高糖和高脂培养的内皮细胞增殖的影响

目的探讨血红素加氧酶1（HO—1）对高浓度葡萄糖和软脂酸培养的内皮细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法利用逆转录病毒介导的基因转染技术将HO-1基因转染入人脐静脉内皮细胞，应用Westernblot和免疫细胞化学技术检测转染细胞HO—1蛋白表达水平；应用MTT法和流式细胞术检测转染和未转染的内皮细胞增殖率和凋亡率。结果HO—1蛋白在转染内皮细胞的表达量显著升高。高糖和软脂酸培养48h后，转染细胞增殖率高于未转染细胞，但两组细胞凋亡率无差别。结论HO—1基因的表达上调可减轻高糖和高脂对内皮细胞增殖的抑制作用。     

葛根素降低糖尿病大鼠血清糖基化终产物水平和单核细胞趋化蛋白1含量

目的　研究葛根素对糖尿病大鼠糖基化终产物 (AGEs)水平和单核细胞趋化蛋白 1(MCP 1)表达的影响。方法　将大鼠随机分为正常对照组 (CON)、糖尿病组 (DM )、糖尿病氨基胍治疗组 (AG )和糖尿病葛根素治疗组 (PU )。腹腔注射链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病模型 ,检测血清中AGEs(荧光法 )和MCP 1(ELISA)水平 ;病理切片PAS染色及电镜观察肾组织的病理改变。免疫组化检测肾皮质MCP 1的蛋白表达水平。结果　DM组血清AGEs和MCP 1水平较PU组和AG组明显增高 (均P <0 .0 5 ) ;电镜发现两个治疗组的肾小球基底膜和心肌细胞病理改变程度比糖尿病组轻 ;肾小球内皮细胞和系膜区MCP 1免疫组化染色阳性细胞数明显比糖尿病组少。结论　葛根素能降低糖尿病大鼠血清AGEs和MCP 1水平 ,减少肾皮质中MCP 1的表达 ,减轻肾脏和心肌的病变程度     

CD163和血红素加氧酶1在急性肝衰竭大鼠模型中的表达

CD163可以特异地识别血红蛋白-结合珠蛋白复合体,诱导血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)表达,发挥抗炎和抗氧化作用.在内毒素血症[1]和病毒性肝炎[2]中,CD163的激活对机体具有重要作用.本实验采用D-氨基半乳糖(Gal)和脂多糖(LPS)联合腹腔注射建立大鼠急性肝衰竭模型,检测肝组织中CD163和HO-1表达.     

microRNA-223对糖基化终产物诱导人脂肪间充质干细胞凋亡和氧化应激影响的体外研究

目的观察microRNA-223(miR-223)对糖基化终产物(AGE)诱导人脂肪间充质干细胞(h ADSC)凋亡和氧化应激的影响。方法采用酶消化法分离培养h ADSC,并应用流式细胞术对表面抗原CD14、CD34、CD45、CD90、CD105和人类白细胞抗原DR(HLA-DR)进行检测。将h ADSC分为牛血清白蛋白(BSA)对照组、AGE修饰的牛血清白蛋白(AGE-BSA)作用组、miR-223模拟物转染组、miR-223模拟物转染+AGE-BSA组、miR-223抑制物转染组和miR-223抑制物转染+AGE-BSA组。应用CCK-8法和TUNEL染色检测各组细胞存活率和凋亡率,Western blot检测Cleaved Caspase3蛋白表达水平,应用双氯荧光素(DCFH-DA)试剂盒检测各组细胞活性氧(ROS)含量。结果流式细胞术检测结果表明,原代培养的h ADSC高表达CD14、CD90和CD105,不表达CD34、CD45和HLADR。CCK-8法、TUNEL染色、Western blot和DCFH-DA法检测结果表明,与BSA对照组相比,AGE-BSA作用组h ADSC凋亡率、miR-223表达水平、Cleaved Caspase3蛋白表达水平、ROS生成显著升高,而细胞存活率下降(P0.05);与AGE-BSA作用组相比,miR-223模拟物转染能够进一步上调AGE-BSA引起的h ADSC凋亡率、Cleaved Caspase3蛋白表达水平和ROS生成增加,下调AGE-BSA引起的h ADSC存活率减少(P0.05);与AGE-BSA作用组相比,miR-223抑制物转染能够抑制h ADSC凋亡率、Cleaved Caspase3蛋白表达水平和ROS生成增加,拮抗AGEBSA引起的h ADSC存活率减少(P0.05)。结论 miR-223高表达能够促进AGE-BSA引起的h ADSC细胞凋亡和ROS生成,其可能作为调控h ADSC促进糖尿病创伤愈合的新靶点。     

玉葵清对糖基化终产物诱导的人肾系膜细胞趋化因子表达的影响

目的 探讨玉葵清对糖基化终产物（AGEs）诱导的人肾系膜细胞（HRMC）趋化因子表达及其趋化效应的影响. 方法 糖基化牛血清白蛋白（AGE-BSA）和玉葵清干预HRMC. 结果 AGE-BSA组较BSA组HRMC趋化单核细胞数增加,单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）、Fractalkine（FKN）中和抗体组HRMC趋化单核细胞数较AGE-BSA组减少;玉葵清组MCP-1、Fractalkine基因表达、上清中的蛋白含量和趋化单核细胞较BSA组降低（P＜0.05）. 结论 玉葵清减弱AGE-BSA诱导的HRMC趋化因子表达及其趋化效应,可能改善DN肾脏炎症反应.     

Influence of heme oxygenase-1 expression on immune liver fibrosis induced by cobalt protoporphyrin in rats

AIM： To investigate the effect of heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） expression on immune liver fibrosis induced by cobalt protoporphyrin （CoPP） in rats.
METHODS： An immune liver fibrosis model of rat was established by administering human serum albumin （HSA）. The rats were divided into CoPP, liver fibrosis and normal control groups. Rats in the CoPP group received intraperitoneal CoPP concurrently with HSA. Expression of HO-1 protein was observed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining was performed to assess fibrosis proliferation and distribution, proliferation extent of fibroblasts, and alterations in hepatocytes and inflammatory cells. Type Ⅰ and Ⅱ collagens were detected with Van Gieson＇s （VG） staining and Foot＇s reticular fiber staining, respectively. In addition, spindle-shaped cells existing at perisinusoidal locations beyond portal and septa areas were investigated with HE staining.
RESULTS： Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of HO-1 protein was higher in the CoPP group than in the liver fibrosis group （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with the liver fibrosis group, the serological index of hepatic fibrosis in the CoPP group decreased significantly （P 〈 0.05）. HE, VG and Foot＇s staining revealed that administration of CoPP reduced the extent of hepatic fibrosis. The levels of serological indicators and the number of spindle-shaped cells at perisinuous locations beyond the portal and septa areas were reduced in the CoPP group. Only a few inflammatory cells were seen around the portal areas and central veins in the CoPP group. CONCLUSION： Increased endogenous HO-1 may suppress liver fibrosis by protecting liver cells, inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration and hepatic stellate cell transformation.     

Induction of HO-1 and redox signaling in endothelial cells by advanced glycation end products: A role for Nrf2 in vascular protection in diabetes

Background and aims

Hyperglycemia and diabetes are associated with increased formation of advanced glycation end products and enhanced oxidative stress, leading to the progression of diabetic vascular disease. We have investigated the mechanisms by which AGE-modified bovine albumin (AGE-BSA) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, leading to nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) dependent induction of the antioxidant genes heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in bovine aortic endothelial cells.

Methods and results

AGE-BSA (100 μg ml⁻¹, 0-24 h), but not native BSA, elicited time-dependent increases in ROS generation, Nrf2 nuclear translocation and enhanced mRNA and protein expression of HO-1 and NQO1, but not glutathione peroxidase-1. Inhibition of ROS production with the superoxide scavenger Tiron or inhibitors of flavoproteins (diphenylene iodonium) and NADPH oxidase (apocynin), but not eNOS (l-NAME) or mitochondria complex I (rotenone) abrogated HO-1 induction by AGE-BSA. Although AGE-BSA induced rapid phosphorylation of JNK and Akt, only inhibition of JNK abrogated HO-1 expression, implicating the involvement of the JNK signaling pathway in AGEs activation of Nrf2/ARE-linked antioxidant gene expression.

Conclusion

Our findings establish that AGEs activate redox sensitive Nrf2-dependent antioxidant gene expression in bovine aortic endothelial cells, providing an adaptive endogenous defense against oxidative stress in diabetes.     

血红素加氧酶-1基因转染对内毒素诱导的ECV304细胞氧化损伤的影响

目的 探讨血红素加氧酶-1( HO-1)基因转染对脂多糖诱导的ECV304细胞氧化损伤的影响.方法 利用逆转录病毒介导的基因转染技术将HO-1基因转染人人脐静脉内皮细胞(ECV304),应用RT-PCR和Western印迹技术检测转染细胞HO-1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平.未转染和转染HO-1基因的ECV304细胞分别培养于含或不含脂多糖(5 mg/L)的DMEM培养基24h后,检测细胞脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放率.结果 HO-1基因和蛋白在转染的ECV304细胞的表达量显著升高.与ECV304细胞相比,转染HO-1基因的ECV304细胞MDA含量和LDH释放率均下降(P＜0.05);应用HO-1抑制剂锌原卟啉共孵育后,转染细胞的MDA含量和LDH释放率增高.结论 HO-1的基因转染可增强ECV304细胞对抗脂多糖氧化损伤的能力.     

RANKL和M-CSF诱导THP-1细胞向破骨细胞样细胞分化的研究

目的探讨建立有效诱导THP-1细胞分化为破骨细胞样细胞的方法。方法 THP-1细胞首先在TPA的刺激下分化为贴壁细胞,然后在破骨细胞生成因子（RANKL）和巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（M-CSF）的联合诱导下向破骨细胞样细胞分化。通过抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）染色检测分化来的细胞是否为破骨细胞样细胞。结果 THP-1在RANKL和M-CSF的作用下分化为TRAP阳性的破骨细胞样细胞。结论 RANKL和M-CSF可联合诱导THP-1细胞分化为破骨细胞样细胞。     

1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose up-regulates heme oxygenase-1 expression by stimulating Nrf2 nuclear translocation in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent manner in HepG2 cells

AIM: To examine the potency of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) as a hepatic heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducer and its regulation in HepG2 cells.METHODS: Expression of HO-1 and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases were analyzed by Western blot, immunofluorescence assay, and flow cytometry. Transfections of HO-1 gene, small interfering RNAs for HO-1 and Nrf2,and dominant-negative gene for MAP/extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK) were carried out to dissect the signaling pathways leading to HO-1 expression in HepG 2 cells.RESULTS: PGG up-regulated HO-1 expression and this expression conferred cytoprotection against oxidative injury induced by t-butyl hydroperoxide. Moreover, PGG induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, which was found to be an upstream step of PGG-induced HO-1 expression, and ERK activation, of which pathway was involved in PGG-induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, HO-1 expression and cytoprotection.CONCLUSION: PGG up-regulates HO-1 expression by stimulating Nrf2 nuclear translocation in an ERK-dependent manner, and HO-1 expression by PGG may serve as one of the important mechanisms for its hepatoprotective effects.