胶东半岛老年性骨质疏松症骨代谢生化指标 与骨密度相关性研究

目的 研究胶东半岛老年性骨质疏松症(OP)患者骨代谢生化指标与骨密度(BMD)的相关关系,探讨骨代谢生化指标对早期诊断OP的临床意义.方法 采用双能X线骨密度仪(DEXA)对胶东半岛沿海地区多中心多阶段整群抽样297名40～89岁居民进行腰椎(L2-4)BMD测量.采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)分别测定血抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP-5b)、I型胶原C端肽(CTX)、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶 (BALP)、骨钙素(BGP)、降钙素(CT)、25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]以及血钙(Ca)和磷(P)并进行比较,应用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析.结果 OP患者各部位BMD明显低于正常组(均P<0.01).老年男性BMD与骨形成和骨吸收指标呈现降低趋势.其中,OP组较对照组BGP、TRAP-5b和25(OH)D明显下降(P<0.05),而血CTX和BALP较对照组升高.老年女性血TRAP-5b、CTX、BALP和 BGP在OP组显著升高(均P<0.01),而CT和25(OH)D明显降低.各组研究对象骨代谢生化标志物均有统计学意义.结论 骨代谢生物指标作为OP的监测指标,比BMD更加灵敏、特异.能够早期反映患者骨代谢水平,对指导OP的早期预防及治疗有重要意义.     

1084例女性TRACP、CTX-1、BALP、BGP、钙磷代谢指标 与BMD相关性

目的研究女性抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRACP)、I型胶原交联C-末端肽（CTX4)、骨碱性磷酸酶（BALP)、骨钙素 (BGP)、25著维生素D3(25( OH) D3)、甲状旁腺素（PTH)、降钙素（CT)与股骨颈BMD的相关性。方法采用Discovery WA型 骨密度仪检测股骨颈BMD,采用酶标免疫分析仪检测TRACP、CTX4、BALP、BGP、25 ( OH) D3、PTH、CT。将1084例受试者检 测结果按5岁为年龄段分组,应用SPSS 13. 0分析软件进行统计分析。结果25 (OH) D3、PTH、CT在35 ~ 50岁年龄段各组间 不存在差异;50岁以后25 (OH) D3开始下降,与丽D呈正相关;CT降低出现在65 ~ 79岁年龄段,与丽D显著正相关。35 ~ 45岁年龄段TRACP、CTX4与BMD呈负相关,而BALP、BGP与BMD呈正相关;50 -60岁年龄段BALP、BGP明显升高, TRACP、CTX4、BALP、BGP均与BMD呈负相关;65岁以后BALP、BGP开始下降,BALP、BGP与骨密度呈正相关,TRACP、CTX- 1与骨密度呈负相关。结论TRACP、CTX4、BALP、BGP、25 ( OH) D3、PTH、CT监测骨代谢水平为骨质疏松诊断、鉴别诊断提 供了分子生物学依据。     

长春市35?79岁人群骨代谢指标与骨密度相关性研究

目的研究抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP)、Ⅰ型胶原C端肽(CTX-1)、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、降钙素(CT)、骨钙素(BGP)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、25-羟基维生素D3(25(OH)D3)与前臂远端骨密度相关关系。方法采用美国Osteometer Medi Tech公司生产的DTX-200型骨密度仪检测受试者非受力侧前臂桡、尺骨远端三分之一处骨密度(BMD);采用美国贝克曼公司全自动化学发光免疫分析仪、美国Thermo公司酶标免疫分析仪检测骨代谢指标;将791例受试者检测结果按不同性别,每5岁为一个年龄段分组;应用SPSS13.0分析软件进行统计分析。结果35～49岁人群TRACP、CTX-1、BALP、BGP等指标性别间不存在差异;50～79岁人群性别间差异显著,女性高于男性。TRACP、CTX-1与BMD负相关;女性BALP、BGP在50～64年龄段明显升高,与BMD负相关,65岁以后开始下降。25(OH)D3与BMD正相关;CT降低出现在65～79岁年龄段,与BMD显著正相关。结论骨代谢指标测定是监测骨量变化及骨质疏松早期诊断的重要技术手段。     

哈萨克族女性绝经后骨代谢水平及生活方式的研究

目的 探讨绝经后哈萨克族族女性骨代谢水平及生活方式的特点.方法 选择符合研究对象的208名绝经后哈萨克族女性,测BMD、Ca、P、BAP、BGP、TRACP-5b、25-(OH)D3,按BMD值分为正常组,骨量减少组和骨质疏松组并进行比较.结果 经单因素方差分析,各组中各自BGP、BAP、TRACP-5b、25-(OH)D3中有统计学意义(P＜0.01),骨代谢水平与哈萨克族生活方式有关.结论 骨代谢水平在哈萨克族绝经妇女中差异反应出绝经后妇女与生活方式、膳食结构有关,维生素D代谢上可能存在基因多态性影响.     

绝经后妇女骨代谢生化指标与骨密度相关性研究

目的探讨绝经女性骨密度与骨代谢生化指标血清抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b的关系。方法 选取我科2007 -2009年人院的绝经女性115例,采用DPX2L型双能X线骨密度检测仪,测定腰椎 (L2 ~L4)及股骨上端[包括股骨颈（NECK)、华氏三角（Ward)及股骨粗隆（TROCH)]的骨密度 (BMD)值;根据Tscore值将人选者分为骨量正常组（48例)和骨质疏松组（67例）。并选未绝经女性 30例,骨密度检查正常者为对照组,采用酶联免疫法测定各组血清骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（ALP)、血清 骨钙素（BGP)、血清抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP-5b)的浓度,并比较三组骨代谢生化指标的变化,并 对BMD与各项骨代谢指标进行相关性分析。结果绝经女性骨质疏松组各部位BMD值均低于骨量 正常组(P<0. 05);骨质疏松组血中ALP、BGP、TRAP-5b浓度均显著高于骨量正常组（P <0. 05 ),骨 量正常组血清ALP、BGP、TRAP-5b浓度显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P < 0. 05 )。对照组各部 位的骨密度值与骨代谢生化指标无明显相关性（P>0.05),在绝经女性骨质疏松组中,ALP和TRAP- 5b与腰椎（L2 ~L4)及股骨颈部位的BMD有一定的关系,呈负相关（r分别为-0. 248、- 0. 364、- 0.434、-0.386 )。结论绝经女性骨质疏松为高转换型,血清ALP、BGP、TRAP-5b浓度变化可反映 骨代谢活动,绝经女性BMD的降低与骨转换率升高有关。检测代谢指标有助于早期防治骨质疏松症 (OP)。     

834 例女性 CTX-1、TRACP、BGP、BALP 水平与BMD相关性研究

目的研究I型胶原C端肽（CTX-1 )、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRACP)、骨钙素（BGP)、骨特异 性碱性磷酸酶（BALP)与股骨颈骨密度（BMD)的相关关系。方法采用美国Thermo公司酶标免疫分 析仪检测CTX-1、TRACP、BGP、BALP,采用美国Hologic公司生产的Discovery WA型骨密度仪检测股 骨颈BMD。将834例受试者检测结果按5岁为一年龄段分组,应用SPSSS 13. 0分析软件进行统计分 析。结果 35 ~45岁年龄段CTX-1、TRACP与BMD呈负相关,而BGP、BALP与BMD呈正相关;50 ~ 60岁年龄段BGP、BALP明显升高,CTX-1、TRACP、BGP、BALP均与BMD呈负相关;65岁以后BGP、 BALP开始下降,BGP、BALP与骨密度呈正相关,CTX-1、TRACP与骨密度呈负相关。结论 CTX-1、 TRACP、BGP、BALP是监测骨代谢水平及骨质疏松诊断、鉴别诊断的重要技术手段。     

1228例健康人群血清CTX-1、TRACP、BALP、OC水平与腰椎骨密度的相关性

目的研究30~79岁健康人群不同年龄、不同性别Ⅰ型胶原交联C-末端肽(CTX-1)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP)、骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、骨钙素(OC)与腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的相关性。方法采用Hologic Discovery WA型骨密度仪检测腰椎正位(L1-4)BMD,采用酶标免疫分析仪检测血清CTX-1、TRACP、BALP、OC水平。将1228例受试者的检测结果按不同性别、10岁为1个年龄段进行分组,应用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果女性30~49岁年龄段CTX-1、TRACP、BALP、OC与腰椎BMD均无明显相关性,50岁以后CTX-1、TRACP显著升高,与BMD呈负相关。女性BALP、OC在50~59岁年龄段明显升高,与BMD负相关,60岁以后开始下降,与BMD呈正相关;男性30~59岁各年龄组CTX-1、TRACP、BALP与腰椎BMD均无相关性,60岁以后CTX-1、TRACP、BALP均明显升高,与BMD负相关。男性OC水平随年龄缓慢下降,但各年龄段与BMD均无相关性;在30~49岁年龄段TRACP、CTX-1、BALP、OC各指标性别间不存在差异,50岁以后同年龄组性别间差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且女性高于男性。结论 TRACP、CTX-1、BALP、OC是监测骨代谢变化的重要技术手段,尤其对女性骨质疏松具有较高的敏感性和特异性。     

维汉老年男性糖尿病患者骨代谢水平分析

目的 探讨汉族和维吾尔族男性糖尿病患者骨代谢水平的特点,为糖尿病性骨质疏松的临床研究提供参数.方法 选择符合研究对象的143名汉族和维吾尔族男性糖尿病患者,测量骨密度(BMD)、骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、骨钙素(BGP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP-5b)、25羟基维生素D3(25-(OH) VD3),按BMD值分为...     

活性维生素D对骨量减少的强直性脊柱炎患者骨代谢指标及病情的影响

目的探讨补充活性维生素D对于骨量减少的强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者骨代谢标志物、骨密度及炎性指标的影响。方法选取骨量减少的AS患者60例为研究对象,同期健康体检者20例作为健康组,比较两组受试者血清骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶异构体-5b(TRACP-5b)、25-(OH)D3的水平。将上述AS患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例,对照组口服美洛昔康、柳氮磺吡啶、碳酸钙,治疗组在此基础上加用骨化三醇口服。比较2组治疗前后BALP、TRACP-5b、25-(OH)D3,骨密度(BMD)以及红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)等指标的变化水平。结果 AS组BALP、TRACP-5b高于健康组,25-(OH)D3低于健康组(P0.05)。治疗组和对照组治疗后血清BALP、25-(OH)D3水平均有升高(P0.05),TRACP-5b水平均有下降(P0.05);治疗组BALP及25-(OH)D3治疗前后差值高于对照组(P0.05)。6个月后治疗组复查腰椎、大转子、转子间BMD较对照组均有不同程度的提升(P0.05),5例骨量恢复正常;对照组6个月后BMD变化不明显;治疗组治疗前后腰椎、大转子、转子间BMD变化差值均高于对照组(P0.05);治疗组与对照组ESR、CRP及BASDAI评分较前均有所降低(P0.05),其中治疗组ESR下降水平较对照组差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论活性维生素D可以改善骨量减少的强直性脊柱炎患者的骨代谢指标并降低疾病活动度。     

666例维汉老年男性骨代谢水平、骨密度测定分析

目的 探讨汉族和维吾尔族老年男性骨代谢水平的特点,了解一定年龄范围内男性骨质疏松的特点.方法 选择符合研究对象的666名老年汉族和维吾尔族男性,测量骨密度(BMD)、骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、骨钙素(BGP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP-5b)、25羟基维生素D3(25-( OH) VD3),按BMD值分为正常组、骨量减少组和骨质疏松组并进行比较.结果 OP患病率随年龄增加而增加,与年龄呈正相关.单因素方差分析,维吾尔族、汉族老年男性在年龄、BGP、TRACP-5b中差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).统计学两两比较:汉族老年男性骨质疏松组TRACP-5b高于正常组及骨量减少组,骨质疏松组BGP骨量明显高于正常组(P＜0.05);维吾尔族骨量减少组的25-( OH) VD2、25-(OH)VD3与正常组存在差异,维吾尔族老年男性骨质疏松组年龄明显高于正常组.同组比较中:正常组、骨质疏松组中,维吾尔族25-(OH)VD2、25-(OH)VD3水平明显低于汉族(P＜0.05),正常组中维吾尔族老年男性BAP、BGP水平高于汉族老年男性(P＜0.05);同组中,维吾尔族年龄均低于汉族年龄(P＜0.05).结论 BGP、TRACP-5b在汉族老年男性中可以较早的反应骨代谢水平的差异性,可以作为骨质疏松症的早期检测指标;维吾尔族老年男性和汉族老年男性在维生素D代谢上可能存在着差异并影响到骨代谢.     

Vascularized bone graft in carpal bone reconstruction

We report our experience of vascularized bone graft harvested from the volar aspect of the distal radius for carpal bone reconstruction. Thirty cadaveric dissections showed in all cases the volar carpal artery which born from the radial artery. Between 1994 to 2001, we treated 87 scaphoid non-unions with an average follow-up of 41 months (range 6 to 65 months). Union was obtained in 80 patients (92%) with an average delay of 8.6 weeks (range 6 to 24). Between 1994 to 2000 we treated 22 patients with a Kienbock's disease. A radius shortening was always added to the revascularization of lunate by this vascularized bone graft. Preoperative and postoperative MRI was systematically done. The average follow-up was 55 months (range 24 to 92 months). MRI showed healing with good revascularization in 16 cases (74%). Lesions of lunate were stabilized in five cases and we had one failure with secondary palliative procedure. This simple but meticulous technique needs only one approach and allows a sufficient revascularisation.     

Trabecular bone remodeling and bone balance in hyperthyroidism

In vivo tetracycline double-labeled iliac crest bone biopsies from 15 hyperthyroid patients were used for the reconstruction of curves describing the variation of resorption depth and formation thickness with time. The curves emerging were compared to curves reconstructed from 13 age- and sex-matched normal individuals (mean age 44 years). The median function period for resorptive cells in hyperthyroid patients (16 days) was about one-third the resorptive period in normals (51 days). No significant difference between the osteoclast-, mononuclear-, or preosteoblast-like cell resorption depths could be demonstrated between the two groups. Consequently, the median resorption rate in hyperthyroid patients (3.8 μm/day) was more than 3 times higher than the value in the control group (1.1 μm/day). Median Sigma_f, was shorter in the hyperthyroid group (109 days) than in the control group (151 days, P < 0.05), as was the median initial mineralization lag time (5 and 16 days, respectively, P < 0.01). No significant difference between the measured mean completed wall thickness (mcwT) values in the hyperthyroid groups and the control group could be demonstrated (58.1 and 60.5 μm respectively). Median initial mineralization rate in the hyperthyroid group (1.2 μm³/μm² per day) was not significantly higher than the value calculated in the control group (0.9 μm³/ μm² per day), but median initial matrix appositional rate in hyperthyroids (4.8 μm³/μm² per day) was 3 times higher than the value calculated for normals (1.6 μm³/μm² per day) (P < 0.01). Direct measurements of mean completed wall thickness in the hyperthyroid group gave results (58.1 μm) that were not in accordance with the mean completed wall thickness calculated from the growth curve (52.1 μm, P < 0.02). In normals no such discrepancy could be demonstrated. Using the mcwT value estimated from the growth curve, the bone formation period was calculated to 90 days for hyperthyroid patients. This maximal estimate for mcwT was also significantly lower than the mean resorption depth measured in the hyperthyroid group (61.7 μm, P < 0.05), which means that a net negative balance per remodeling cycle existed in the hyperthyroid group. Bone balance was preserved in the control group.     

Revascularization and new bone formation in heat-treated bone grafts

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is one of the possible serious complications associated with bone allografts. In order to prevent infection, grafted bone is sterilized by various treatments. Heat treatment has attracted attention as a simple and practical method. We carried out a histological study of the influence of heat treatment on autogenic bone grafts. To eliminate the problem of antigenicity of grafted bone, we used autografts, not allografts. Three types of heat-treated autografts were employed: heat-treated at 60° C for 30 min, at 80° C for 10 min, and at 100° C for 5 min; as a control, fresh autografts were replaced in the rabbits’ ilium. One, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after grafting, we performed microangiography and prepared two types of samples: transparent and haematoxylin-eosin (H & E) stained. Then, using an image analyzer, we quantitatively measured revascularization and new bone formation in the grafted bone. The grafts heat-treated at 60° C showed early and good revascularization and new bone formation, from 1 to 8 weeks. The grafts heat-treated at 80° C showed relatively good revascularization and new bone formation. However, the grafts heat-treated at 100° C showed unsatisfactory revascularization and bone formation, less than 40% of control 8 weeks after grafting. Therefore, heat treatment at 60–80° C does not seriously affect revascularization and new bone formation. Received: 3 June 1997     

Mechanical consequences of bone loss in cancellous bone.

The skeleton is continuously being renewed in the bone remodeling process. This prevents accumulation of damage and adapts the architecture to external loads. A side effect is a gradual decrease of bone mass, strength, and stiffness with age. We investigated the effects of bone loss on the load distribution and mechanical properties of cancellous bone using three-dimensional (3D) computer models. Several bone loss scenarios were simulated. Bone matrix was removed at locations of high strain, of low strain, and random throughout the architecture. Furthermore, resorption cavities and thinning of trabeculae were simulated. Removal of 7% of the bone mass at highly strained locations had deleterious effects on the mechanical properties, while up to 50% of the bone volume could be removed at locations of low strain. Thus, if remodeling would be initiated only at highly strained locations, where repair is likely needed, cancellous bone would be continuously at risk of fracture. Thinning of trabeculae resulted in relatively small decreases in stiffness; the same bone loss caused by resorption cavities caused large decreases in stiffness and high strain peaks at the bottom of the cavities. This explains that a reduction in the number and size of resorption cavities in antiresorptive drug treatment can result in large reductions in fracture risk, with small increases in bone mass. Strains in trabeculae surrounding a cavity increased by up to 1,000 microstrains, which could lead to bone apposition. These results give insight in the mechanical effects of bone remodeling and resorption at trabecular level.     

Effect of bone marrow mononuclear phagocytes on the bone matrix-induced bone formation in rats

Experimental ulnar bone defects in rats were grafted with freshly isolated whole bone marrow cells; bone marrow mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages); or both types of marrow cell preparations in combination with demineralized bone matrix gelatin (BMG). In the absence of BMG, the osteogenic performance of the marrow cell preparations was superior to that of the macrophages. In the presence of BMG (composite grafts), their osteogenic potential was nearly identical and significantly improved the level of bone formation stimulated by implants of BMG alone. The results encourage speculation and further research on sequential activities of bone marrow monocyte-macrophage (osteoclast) lineages and marrow stromal (osteoprogenitor) cell in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-induced regeneration.     

Preservation of bone morphogenetic protein in heat-treated bone.

In operations of bone tumors, reimplantation of resected bone after boiling or autoclaving is a simple means of obtaining both tumor necrosis and skeletal reconstruction. However, such reimplants lose their osteogenesity. We investigated whether bone inductive ability could be maintained in heat-treated bone. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) extracted from rabbit bone after heating for various periods at different temperatures was implanted into the muscles of mice to evaluate osteogenetic activity. The maximum new bone formation was observed in specimens treated at 70 degrees C for 10 minutes, followed by those treated at 70 degrees C for 15 minutes. We then measured the temperature in the center of a cortical bone heated in 0.15 N NaCl solution at 50 degrees, 60 degrees, 70 degrees, 80 degrees, and 90 degrees C. Cortical bone center temperature reached that of the surrounding solution within 2.5 minutes. These results indicated that heating at 70 degrees for 10 to 15 minutes was suitable for heat treated-bone to maintain bone inductive ability.     

Quantitative bone scan and bone metastases in prostatic cancer

Bone scan is an essential method of investigation for the detection of metastases; it is also used to follow the evolution of the disease and the response to treatment in prostatic cancer. The authors tried a bone scan quantification method to better evaluate the efficiency of hormonal treatment. 28 patients were followed up by this method. Taken as a whole, quantitative scans show results very similar to those of standard scans. However, there are some differences between the two methods of interpretation. The quantitative method seems to be more effective.     

Zoledronate reduces unwanted bone resorption in intercalary bone allografts

Bone allografts are often hampered by graft incorporation and poor host bone formation. Bisphosphonates, synthetic pyrophosphate analogs, have shown promise in inhibiting bone resorption in human and animal trials. Some in vitro studies have suggested that high dose bisphosphonate may also inhibit bone formation, leading to our hypothesis that an ideal dose of bisphosphonate in allografts could protect allografts from resorption. We transplanted intercalary allografts in to the segmental defect of the rat femurs after soaking each allograft in zoledronate solution (30 μM) and then analysed bone density of the allografts six to 12 weeks after transplantation. At six and 12 weeks, the bone mineral density was higher in the experimental group compared with the control group. Qualitative radiographic and histological analysis also revealed more allograft resorption in the control group than in the zoledronate-treated group. Our data indicate that pharmacological modification of intercalary allografts with zoledronate solution can decrease osteoclast-mediated allograft resorption.