The Dual-Tube Microsurgical Suction Instrument

Summary  A dual-tube suction instrument intended for both macro- and microsurgery has been developed. A detachable air-tight inner tube is fitted into a conventional suction instrument; extending the ordinary sucking tube. The inner tube can easily be fitted, as well as removed from the other tube; a particular advantage in case the inner tube becomes obstructed. On removal of the inner tube the outer tube becomes cleaned and is at once, ready for re-use. Since the suction instrument does not have to be removed from the suction hose, valuable time is saved, enabling permanent sucking capacity.     

Flexion compromises ventilation with the laryngeal tube suction II in children

Background: There are insufficient data as to the influence of the head and neck flexion, extension, and rotation on the ventilation with laryngeal tube suction II^® (LTS II). The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the head and neck position on oropharyngeal sealing pressure (primary outcome) and ventilation score (secondary outcome) during ventilation with the LTS II in children. Methods: We studied 33 children scheduled for elective surgery. Oropharyngeal sealing pressure and ventilation score were measured with the head and neck in a neutral position, flexed, extended and rotated to the right. The ventilation score was scored from 0 to 3 based on three items (no leakage with an airway pressure of 15 cmH₂O, bilateral chest excursion, and a square wave capnogram; each item scored 0 or 1 point). Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) at a tidal volume of 10 ml·kg^?1 and fiberoptic laryngeal views were also assessed in each position. Results: Although the sealing pressure was lower in the extended position [22 (8) cmH₂O] than that in the neutral position [25 (7) cmH₂O], there was no significant leakage during ventilation with a tidal volume of 10 ml·kg^?1. In the neutral, extended and rotated positions, the median ventilation scores were better (3 point respectively) than that with the head and neck flexed (1 point). PIP was decreased with the head and neck extended or rotated but was significantly increased in flexion position. During fibreoptic examination, the vocal cords were more easily seen in extension and right rotation, compared with the neutral position and flexion. Conclusions: Although oropharyngeal sealing pressure is decreased with the head and neck extended, effective ventilation with LTS II can be performed like in the neutral position or the rotated position. While the sealing pressure is maintained with the head and neck flexed, flexion compromises the ventilation with LTS II in children.     

Obesity can be treated by suction lipoplasty when combined with other procedures

The development of serial suction lipoplasty enables us to remove substantial amounts of subcutaneous fat safely and dependably on an outpatient basis, and free our patients of the worry of exogenous blood transfusion. Many practitioners and researchers do not advocate suction for the treatment of obesity, but rather regard it as a means of treating localized small deposits of fat or figure faults. The reason for their caution is that the amounts of fat to be removed from the obese patient would require extensive hospitalization, transfusion, and increased risk of complications. Liposuction, when performed as a series, can make the treatment of obesity as safe as the treatment of smaller figure faults. We now use serial suction as an adjunct to other surgical and dietary methods for the control of obesity.     

减压式吸管用于负压吸宫术的临床观察

目的探讨一次性双腔减压式流产吸管在施行人工流产术的临床效果。方法对2008年3月至2009年2月孕42～60 d、年龄40岁健康妇女480例,随机使用一次性减压吸引管或金属吸管进行人工流产术,比较两种吸管的使用效果。结果减压式吸管在疼痛、出血量、手术时间、副反应优于金属吸管,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论一次性减压式吸管为一次性产品,安全可靠,适用于终止孕60 d内的早期妊娠,能有效地减少术中副反应,且操作方便,可在临床推广使用。     

蒸汽清洗法对提高角弯鼻腔吸引管清洗质量的研究

目的探讨不同清洗方法对角弯鼻腔吸引管清洗质量的影响。方法将使用后回收的300件角弯鼻腔吸引管按日期分为对照组与试验组各150件。对照组在流动水下冲洗后经多酶清洗液浸泡5min,然后经超声清洗10min,在多酶液面下用清洗专用刷深入管腔反复手工刷洗,以压力水枪冲洗管腔,再以纯水进行终末漂洗,最后以全自动清洗机清洗。试验组以蒸汽清洗管腔20s取代手工刷洗,其余步骤同对照组。经目测、ATP检测仪检测清洗效果。结果对照组目测法清洗合格率为90.0%,试验组为98.0%;对照组ATP检测清洗合格率为85.3%,试验组为93.3%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论在清洗流程中加入蒸汽清洗,可提高角弯鼻腔吸引管清洗质量。     

防堵吸引器头管在髋、膝关节置换和翻修术中应用的效果

目的介绍防堵吸引器头管(简称防堵吸引管,发明专利号:ZL201210334696)的设计思路和工作原理,检测其在有较多骨碎块、骨水泥碎屑创面如髋、膝关节置换和翻修术中的应用效果,并与传统吸引管比较防堵的效果。方法将238例初次人工髋、膝关节置换或翻修手术患者随机分为观察组(采用防堵吸引管,120例)和对照组(采用传统吸引管,118例)。比较两组每台手术堵管次数、堵管时间、手术时间、术中出血量。结果每台手术堵管次数、堵管时间、手术时间、术中出血量观察组均少(短)于对照组(P<0.01)。更换长负压导管条数:观察组0条,对照组46条。结论应用防堵吸引管使绝大多数髋、膝关节置换术中不堵管,吸除碎屑等物简便、可靠、效果确切,术者使用方便,特别适合在髋、膝关节置换或翻修术中使用,防堵效果优良。该防堵吸引管操作简便且成本较低,是理想的骨科手术工具之一。     

垂体腺瘤显微手术治疗探讨

目的 探讨垂体腺瘤的显微手术治疗方法。方法 PRL瘤14例，GH瘤8例，ACTH瘤5例，多分泌腺瘤10例，无功能瘤13例；经翼点入路48例，2例经右眉上锁孔入路。结果 全切除肿瘤35例，大部分切除9例，部分切除6例。MRI随诊3个月～2年，4例有复发。结论 翼点入路垂体腺瘤切除是治疗垂体腺瘤及复发垂体腺瘤的有效方法。     

External lipoplasty suction device

Most mobile suction devices specially designed for blunt suction lipectomy are to some degree noisy and several of them could be considered expensive. Their exhaust goes out in the operating room (OR). The potential contamination by aerosoles and fumes favor the use of special outlet filters. The author describes the suction equipment he made in 1984. An industrial high-power vacuum pump is placed outside the OR. The suction tubing goes out of the ceiling in the OR. The machine has double remote pedal control. The exhaust vents out at a hidden place in the clinic's garden, where eventually any AIDS or hepatitis virus will die promptly. This equipment has been used in more than 4200 suction lipoplasty procedures with no technical or surgical complications related to the device.Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Lipoplasty Society of North America, 21 October 1990, Boston, Massachusetts     

Adjuvant use of the suction lipectomy cannula for blunt dissection

The blunt-tipped suction lipectomy cannula has proven to be quite effective and is now readily available for dissection of soft tissue spaces. Several clinical examples demonstrating the versatility and utility of this instrument are presented.     

Clinical use of a front lifting hood rectoscope tube for transanal endoscopic microsurgery

Background: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), a procedure developed by Buess et al. requires a specially designed surgical rectoscope system, and adequate training for its operation is mandatory. In order to simplify the performance of TEM, and to allow the use of additional surgical instruments and devices, we have developed a new rectoscope tube. Methods: The forward half of the tube can be opened longitudinally by hand. Our working insert platform is hollowed and includes a channel for an endoscope. The resection procedure can be performed under normal atmospheric pressure. This newly developed rectoscope system has already been employed clinically. TEM was performed using our original forward lifting hood rectoscope tube in 20 patients, including 12 cases of sessile adenoma and eight cases of early carcinoma. Results: The forward hood of the tube was opened to the maximum angle of 25° in eight patients and 15–20° in the other 12 patients. The visible field of the rectal interior was extended in direct proportion to the angle. Through our working insert platform, instruments and devices could be used for either laparoscopic or open surgery. Conclusions: These modifications have made TEM easier and will therefore make the procedure available to more surgeons. Received: 3 February 1997/Accepted: 1 July 1997     

Fat suction versus abdominoplasty

The author describes his fat-suction technique for the treatment of abdominal adiposity. He stresses the importance of the proper selection of patients prior to surgery and the indications for such surgery, analyzing especially the accumulation of subcutaneous adiposity and muscular flaccidity. He divides surgical techniques into four separate groups: isolated fat suction; fat suction associated with infraumbilical cutaneous resection; fat suction associated with conventional abdominoplasty; and, conventional abdominoplasty. The criteria of indications for each separate procedure are strongly emphasized.     

126例颅内动脉瘤破裂的早期显微外科治疗

目的探讨早期显微外科手术治疗颅内动脉瘤破裂的疗效。方法126例颅内动脉瘤破裂患者根据Hunt—Hess分级,Ⅰ级20例、Ⅱ级37例、Ⅲ级42例、Ⅳ级18例、Ⅴ级9例。126例患者第一次手术均在出血后72h内,13例颅内多发动脉瘤患者进行了二次手术,所有患者术后用格拉斯哥评分表（GOS）随访1—3年。结果恢复良好98例;中度病残,但生活自理18例;重度病残,生活不能自理4例;植物生存1例;死亡5例。结论早期显微外科手术是治疗颅内动脉瘤破裂的有效方法,能改善动脉瘤患者的生存质量。     

Silicone-based simulation models for peripheral nerve microsurgery

Background

There is a need for a peripheral nerve model on which surgeons-in-training can simulate the repair of nerve injuries at their own pace. Although practicing on animal models/cadavers is considered the “gold standard” of microsurgical training, the proposed model aims to provide a platform for improving the technical skills of surgical trainees prior to their practice on cadaver/animal models. In addition, this model has the potential to serve as a standardized test medium for assessing the skill sets of surgeons.

Compartment syndrome caused by suction

Compartment syndrome is probably underdiagnosed particularly when the mechanism of injury is indirect. This case is unusual in that the syndrome occurred as a consequence of suction injury and illustrates the benefits of early tissue pressure measurement and surgical decompression.     

Atraumatic suction tip for microsurgery: technical note

During microneurosurgery, frequent suction is essential for a successful operative course. A new self-made disposable suction tip is described which facilitates atraumatic suction, even near vital anatomical structures. The efficacy of this suction tip was confirmed in selected operative procedures.     

经肛门内镜显微手术切除直肠肿瘤

目的评价经肛门内镜显微手术(TEM)切除直肠绒毛状腺瘤和早期直肠癌的应用效果。方法分析我院总结1995年11月至2001年12月27例TEM手术的临床资料。结果本组患者肿瘤直径中位值2.5cm,肿瘤下缘与齿状线距离(8.9±3.4)cm,肿瘤侵犯直肠周径范围(35.7±17.5)%。平均手术时间(109±46)min。平均住院日4.5d。无围手术期死亡。手术并发症有尿潴留、暂时性大便失禁和慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)复发。术中2例切穿至腹腔,即刻内镜下修补成功。切缘100%瘤细胞阴性。病理示直肠绒毛状腺瘤14例、直肠腺癌13例,后者包括pTis2例,pT16例和pT25例。直肠癌腔内超声肿瘤T分期符合率为84.6%。5例pT2中2例中转前切除术,1例接受术后放疗,2例无附加任何治疗。平均随访18个月,所有病例无局部复发。死亡2例,但无复发迹象。结论TEM易行且安全,是直肠绒毛状腺瘤和部分T1直肠癌的治愈性手术,也可作为T2直肠癌的姑息性治疗手段。     

Decision for salvage treatment after transanal endoscopic microsurgery

BACKGROUND: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) has emerged as an alternative to classic radical operation for early rectal cancer. Early rectal cancer can be treated by adequate local excision such as TEM. If there are adverse risk factors, especially poor cellular differentiation, close resection margin, or positive lymphovascular invasion or incomplete excision, a radical resection is indicated. This study aimed to clarify the factors related to recurrence for patients required to undergo a salvage operation after TEM. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 167 patients who underwent TEM for rectal cancer between 1994 and 2004. Of these patients, 36 with poor differentiation, mucinous carcinoma, proper muscle invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and positive resection margin were included in the analysis. RESULTS: Of the 36 patients, 12 underwent a salvage operation, and the remaining 24 did not because of poor physical condition or refusal of radical surgery. There were a total of 6 (16.7%) recurrences. One (8.3%) of the 12 patients who underwent salvage surgery had systemic recurrence. Five (20.8%) of the 24 patients who did not receive surgery had recurrence (3 local recurrences, 2 distant recurrences). Analysis of the subgroups showed that 2 (28.6%) of 7 patients with lymphovascular invasion had recurrence, and that 1 patient (100%) had a T3 lesion. Three (17.6%) of 17 patients had T2 lesions. CONCLUSIONS: For high-risk patients, TEM followed by radical surgery is the most beneficial in preventing local recurrence. Radical salvage surgery is strongly recommended if pathologic results after TEM show T3 lesion or lymphovascular invasion.