白木香中的黄酮类成分(英文)

目的:研究白木香茎木的化学成分。方法:运用硅胶、凝胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱等方法进行化合物的分离纯化。通过理化鉴别和波谱解析进行结构鉴定。结果:分离鉴定了12个黄酮类化合物,分别为白木香苷A1(1),lethediosideA(2),7,4′-二甲氧基洋芹素-5-O-木糖葡萄糖苷(3),lethedosideA(4),7-羟基-4′-甲氧基-5-O-葡萄糖黄酮苷(5),7,3′-二甲氧基-4′-羟基-5-O-葡萄糖黄酮苷(6),7,4′-二甲氧基-5-O-葡萄糖黄酮苷(7),洋芹素-7,4′-二甲醚(8),木犀草素-7,3′,4′-三甲醚(9),羟基芫花素(10),金合欢素(11),芒柄花素(12)。结论:化合物1为新黄酮苷,化合物2,4-7为首次从该属植物中分离得到。分离得到的5-O-黄酮苷化合物1-7具有抑制LPS诱导巨噬细胞生成NO活性。     

银杏叶的化学成分及其抗氧化活性

目的：研究银杏叶中化学成分的抗氧化活性。方法：对银杏叶提取物进行化学成分的分离鉴定，采用化学发光法，测定所得成分对邻苯三酚-鲁米诺-碳酸缓冲液体系产生的超氧阴离子（O2ˉ）的清除能力，以及对大鼠中性粒细胞（PMN）呼吸爆发的抑制作用。结果：分得9种黄酮类成分及4种萜内酯类成分，分别为：槲皮素（Ⅰ）、山柰酚（Ⅱ）、异鼠李素（Ⅲ）、木犀苹素（Ⅳ）、异银杏素（Ⅴ）、槲皮苷（Ⅵ）、芦丁（Ⅶ）、槲皮素-3-0-（2″-0．（6′″-对羟基-反式-桂皮酰）-β-D-葡萄糖）-α-L-鼠李糖苷（Ⅷ）、苜蓿草素-7—O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅸ）、银杏内酯A（Ⅹ）、银杏内酯B（Ⅺ）、银杏内酯C（Ⅻ）、白果内酯（ⅩⅢ），其中化合物Ⅸ为首次从银杏叶中分离得到。黄酮类化合物均具有不同程度的清除O2ˉ及抑制PMN呼吸爆发作用，活性对结构依赖性明显；内酯类成分不能清除自由基，仅对PMN呼吸爆发有微弱抑制作用。结论：银杏叶体外抗氧化作用的主要活性成分为黄酮类成分，内酯类成分无明显抗氧化作用。     

射干中异黄酮成分清除自由基的作用

目的　研究射干 Belamcanda chinensis中分离的 4种异黄酮类成分清除 O2 ÷ ,· OH和 H2 O2 自由基的能力。方法　采用生物化学发光法测定。结果　射干根茎中分离得到的异黄酮成分野鸢尾苷元 (irgenin, ) ,鸢尾苷元 (tectorigenin, ) ,鸢尾苷 (tectoridin ) ,5 ,6 ,7,4′-四羟基 - 8-甲氧基异黄酮 (5 ,6 ,7,4′- tetrahydroxy- 8- men-thoxyisoflavone, )均具有清除自由基的作用 ,其中鸢尾苷元对 O2 ÷ ,· OH和 H2 O2 氧自由基清除作用的能力最强。结论　射干根茎中的 4种异黄酮类成分具有清除自由基的作用。     

河北香菊中黄酮类成分体外抗氧化活性研究及构效关系探讨

目的:通过研究河北香菊中5种黄酮类成分木犀草素、芹菜素、金合欢素、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、金合欢素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的体外抗氧化活性,探讨河北香菊的抗氧化机制及黄酮类化合物抗氧化活性的构效关系。方法:采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定对DPPH自由基的清除作用及对H2O2诱导的大鼠红细胞溶血的抑制作用;用硫代巴比妥酸法(TBA)测定对H2O2诱导的大鼠脑匀浆脂质过氧化反应的抑制作用;用谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)试剂盒法测定对大鼠血浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的影响。结果:河北香菊中5种黄酮类成分在清除DPPH自由基、抗红细胞溶血、抑制脑匀浆脂质过氧化、提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力方面均呈现出较好的活性,活性顺序表现为木犀草素>木犀草苷>芹菜素>金合欢素>金合欢苷。结论:河北香菊所具有的抗氧化活性与其所含黄酮类成分清除自由基、抑制脂质过氧化、提高抗氧化物酶活性有关,且黄酮类化合物的抗氧化活性与其结构中的羟基数目和位置以及糖苷的空间位阻有关。     

麦冬须根高异黄酮类成分及其清除氧自由基作用

目的：研究川麦冬须根中高异黄酮类成分及其清除氧自由基作用。方法：对川麦冬须根提取物高异黄酮类成分进行分离鉴定，并采用化学发光法测定其清除超氧阴离子（O2^-）、羟自由基（·OH）、过氧化氢（H2O2）的能力。结果：分离得到10个高异黄酮类化合物，经鉴定分别为：甲基麦冬黄烷酮A（1）、甲基麦冬黄烷酮B（2）、麦冬黄烷酮A（3）、麦冬黄烷酮E（4）、5，7-dihydroxy-6，8-dimethyl-3-（4′-hydroxy-3′，5′-dimethoxybenzyl）chroman-4-one（5）、甲基麦冬黄酮A（6）、甲基麦冬黄酮B（7）、去甲基异麦冬黄酮B（8）、5，7，2′-trihydroxy-8-methyl-3-（3′，4′-methylenedioxybenzyl）chromone（9）、5，7，2′-trihydroxy-6，8-dimethyl-3-（3′，4′-methylenedioxybenzyl）chromone（10）。结论：化合物8和9首次从麦冬中分离得到，麦冬中多数高异黄酮类化合物具有不同程度的清除·OH及H2O2作用，活性与其分子结构相关。     

栝楼雄株茎叶黄酮类化合物的分离及其清除DPPH能力研究

目的分离纯化栝楼Trichosanthes kirilowii雄株茎叶中黄酮类化合物,并探究其清除1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基能力的构效关系。方法利用聚酰胺树脂柱、高速逆流色谱及高效液相色谱等手段对栝楼雄株茎叶黄酮类成分进行分离纯化,根据化合物光谱数据鉴定其结构;采用DPPH法测定7个黄酮单体的体外抗氧化活性。结果从栝楼雄株茎叶中分离得到7种黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为木犀草素(1)、金圣草黄素(2)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、香叶木素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)。7种黄酮类化合物清除DPPH自由基能力(IC50)依次为1372465。结论化合物1、2、6和7为首次从栝楼茎叶中分离得到。7种黄酮类化合物均能有效清除DPPH自由基,化合物1、3、7的DPPH自由基清除能力明显强于其他4种黄酮,比较其结构发现,前3者均存在B环3′,4′邻二羟基;化合物4和6的DPPH清除活性明显弱于化合物3,而在结构上前两者较化合物3存在3′位或4′位羟基甲基化;化合物3清除DPPH自由基能力弱于化合物1,但在结构上仅在A环7位存在糖基取代,考虑糖基化增加了前者的化学位阻。     

HPLC-MS测定芫花炮制前后5种成分含量变化

目的： 建立HPLC-MS同时测定芫花中木犀草素、芹菜素、羟基芫花素、芫花素以及芫花酯甲5种化学成分含量的方法,分析炮制前后含量的变化。方法： 采用液质联用法,质谱采用大气压电喷雾离子源,选择性负离子模式监测。色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax C₁₈（2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8 μm）,流动相为0.05%甲酸乙腈（A）-0.05%甲酸水（B）,流速0.6 mL·min^-1,柱温30℃,进样量2 μL。结果： 芫花炮制后5种毒效成分均发生了一定程度的变化。3种黄酮类有效成分木犀草素、羟基芫花素以及芫花素炮制后含量升高,二萜原酸酯甲代表成分芫花酯甲炮制后含量降低,黄酮类成分芹菜素经炮制后含量也发生了下降。结论： 该方法简单、灵敏、准确,为芫花及其炮制品的质量评价提供了有效的方法。     

北刘寄奴中黄酮类化学成分的研究

目的：对北刘寄奴Siphonostegia chinensis的黄酮类活性成分进行研究。方法：采用95％乙醇提取及各种柱色谱法分离，光谱技术鉴定结构，结果：分离得到6个黄酮类化合物，分别鉴定为：5，3′－二羟基－6，7，4′－三甲氧基黄酮（Ⅰ）、5，7－二羟基－3′，4′－二甲氧基黄酮（Ⅱ）、芹菜素（Ⅲ）、木犀草素（Ⅳ）、芹菜苷（Ⅴ）、木犀草苷（Ⅵ）、结论：化合物Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅴ和Ⅵ均为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

多成分同时比较芫花及芫花叶化学组成

目的:多成分比较芫花花蕾和芫花叶的化学组成。方法:以芹菜素、木犀草素、羟基芫花素、芫花素为对照品,采用RP-HPLC方法测定芫花花蕾及芫花叶中4个成分的含量,比较2个药用部位的成分组成差异。Kromasil C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相甲醇-水-冰醋酸(58∶42∶0.5),流速0.8 mL·min-1,检测波长350 nm(木犀草素、羟基芫花素)、338 nm(芹菜素、芫花素),柱温35℃。结果:芫花花蕾中这4个成分的质量分数依次为0.017%,0.088 4%,0.069 9%,0.059 3%,芫花叶中这4个成分质量分数依次为0.011 8%,未检测到,0.012 3%,未检测到。结论:芫花叶和芫花花蕾含有两个相同成分,但含量不同;而花蕾中的两个成分在叶中未检测到,表明叶与花蕾成分不同,可根据临床治病目的分别入药。     

白木香叶化学成分的研究

目的:研究白木香叶的化学成分,为白木香的综合利用提供依据.方法:采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、重结晶等方法进行分离纯化,运用NMR,Ms等波谱学方法进行结构鉴定.结果:从白木香叶中分离鉴定了13个化合物,分别为7-羟基-5,4'-二甲氧基.黄酮(1),洋芹素-7,4'-二甲醚(2),木犀草素-7,3',4'一三甲醚(3),异紫堇啡碱(4),对羟基苯甲酸(5),正三十二(烷)醇(6),正三十一烷(7),α-豆甾醇(8),表木栓醇(9),木栓烷(10),木栓酮(11),芫花素(12),5,4'-二羟基_7,3'-二甲氧基黄酮(13).结论:化合物4为首次从该属中分离得到,化合物1,6～11,13为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

中药复方柴胡疏肝散体内外抗氧化活性及其与抗抑郁作用的 潜在关系

目的：研究中药复方柴胡疏肝散（CSGS）的体内外抗氧化活性, 探讨其抗氧化活性与抗抑郁作用之间的联系, 助以阐释CGGS抗抑郁的作用机制。方法：采用总抗氧化能力测定（FRAP法）, DPPH （1 ,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼） 自由基（DPPH法）、ABTS[ 2 ,2-连氮（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐]阳离子自由基（ABTS法）、超氧阴离子（O2·^-）及羟自由基（·OH）清除能力测定5 种方法, 以维生素C为阳性对照, 研究CSGS体外抗氧化活性。建立束缚氧化应激模型, 通过测定全血中谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量, 肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MAD）含量研究CSGS体内抗氧化作用。结果：CSGS体外具有一定的铁离子还原能力和自由基清除能力, 其还原能力（FRAP法）每克CSGS提取物相当于 0.24 mmol FeSO4, 清除DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、O2·^-及 ·OH的IC50分别为 0.83, 1.03, 10.31 和 7.79 mg·mL^-1。体内抗氧化活性研究显示, 在束缚应激状态下, CSGS给药组小鼠与模型组小鼠比较具有相对高的SOD和CAT活性及GSH含量, 相对较低的MDA水平。结论：复方柴胡疏肝散具有抑制脂质过氧化、缓解氧化应激损伤、调控机体抗氧化水平的药理作用, 其抗抑郁作用可能与其抗氧化活性有一定相关。     

The antioxidant activity of a triterpenoid glycoside isolated from the berries of Hedera colchica: 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-hederagenin

The antioxidant activity of a triterpenoid glycoside [3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-hederagenin; OGH] isolated from the berries of Hedera colchica, an ivy species endemic in Georgia, was investigated. The antioxidant properties of OGH were evaluated using different antioxidant assays: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH.) scavenging, total antioxidant activity, reducing power, superoxide anion radical (O2*-)) scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging and metal chelating activities. The total antioxidant activity was measured according to the ferric thiocyanate method. alpha-Tocopherol and trolox, a water-soluble analogue of tocopherol, were used as reference antioxidant compounds. At a 30 microg/mL concentration, the inhibitory effects of OGH on the peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion was found to be 95.3%, whereas alpha-tocopherol and trolox exhibited 88.8% and 86.2% inhibition of peroxidation in the system, respectively. In addition, OGH had effective DPPH. scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, total reducing power and metal chelation of ferrous ions activities. These various antioxidant activities were compared with alpha-tocopherol and trolox.     

Antioxidant and analgesic activities of turpentine of Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallsiana (Lamb.) Holmboe

The aim of this study is to examine possible antioxidant and analgesic activities of turpentine exudes from Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallsiana (Lamb.) Holmboe (TPN). Total antioxidant activity, reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging, free radical scavenging, metal chelating, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities were studied. The total antioxidant activity increased with the increasing amount of extracts (100, 300, and 500 microg) added to linoleic acid emulsion. All of the doses of TPN showed higher antioxidant activity than alpha-tocopherol. The samples showed 49, 70, and 91% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. On the other hand, the 300 microg of alpha-tocopherol showed 40% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion. There is correlation between antioxidant activity and the reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging, free radical scavenging, metal chelating, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities. Like antioxidant activity, the reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging, free radical scavenging, metal chelating, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of TPN depending on concentration and increasing with increased concentration of TPN. These properties may be the major reasons for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the TPN has a potential source of natural antioxidant. In addition, analgesic effect of TPN was investigated in present study and TPN had strong analgesic effect. The analgesic effect of TPN compared with metamizol as a standard analgesic compound.     

Antiradical and antioxidant activity of total anthocyanins from Perilla pankinensis decne

The purpose of this work comprise the assessment of the antioxidant activity of total anthocyanins from Perilla pankinensis samples (TAPP) by different analytical methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, total antioxidant activity, total reducing activity, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating activities. Total antioxidant activity was measured according to ferric thiocyanate method. alpha-Tocopherol and trolox, which water-soluble analogue of tocopherol were used as references antioxidant compounds. At the concentrations of 30 and 45 microg/mL, TAPP showed 91.9 and 96.4% inhibition on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. In comparison, 45 microg/mL of standard antioxidant such as alpha-tocopherol and trolox exhibited 88.8 and 86.2% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. In addition, TAPP have found effective on DPPH scavenging, superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging, total reducing power and metal chelating on ferrous ions activities. Also, these various antioxidant effects were compared to alpha-tocopherol and trolox.     

不同相对分子质量猪牙皂多糖的体外抗氧化活性

目的:研究水溶性猪牙皂多糖的抗氧化活性.方法:用水提醇分级沉降法和中空纤维素膜分离法制备不同相对分子质量的猪牙皂多糖.采用体外化学体系,以维生素C(Vit C)为阳性对照,测定猪牙皂多糖对羟自由基(·OH)、超氧自由基(O2-·)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的清除作用.结果:50％醇沉且相对分子质量在5 000～100000的猪牙皂多糖对O2-·的清除活性高于Vit C.30％醇沉且相对分子质量大于10 000的猪牙皂多糖、50％醇沉且相对分子质量5 000～10000的猪牙皂多糖、74％醇沉且相对分子质量大于5 000的猪牙皂多糖以及88％醇沉得到的猪牙皂多糖在0～1.00 g·L-1,随浓度的增加对·OH的清除作用逐渐增强,最大清除作用都可超过90％.不同醇沉不同浓度得到的猪牙皂多糖对H2O2有一定的清除活性,74％醇沉且相对分子质量大于5 000的猪牙皂多糖在0.07 g·L-1时,对H2O2的清除率为20.18％.结论:猪牙皂多糖具有良好的对·OH,O2-·和H2O2清除活性,猪牙皂多糖的抗氧化活性与醇沉浓度及其相对分子质量相关.     

灯盏花乙素清除活性氧作用的研究

目的:研究灯盏花乙素体外清除活性氧的作用,探讨其作用机制。方法:采用化学发光法检测灯盏花乙素对邻菲罗啉-抗坏血酸体系产生的羟自由基、黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶-鲁米诺体系产生的超氧阴离子及过氧化氢的清除作用。结果:灯盏花乙素具有清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子及过氧化氢的作用,其 IC_(50)分别为66 μg/ml、1.3 μg/ml和 1.6 μg/ml。结论:灯盏花乙素是一种有效的抗氧化剂。     

Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic activities of nettle (Urtica dioica L.)

In this study, water extract of nettle (Urtica dioica L.) (WEN) was studied for antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic properties. The antioxidant properties of WEN were evaluated using different antioxidant tests, including reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities. WEN had powerful antioxidant activity. The 50, 100 and 250 μg amounts of WEN showed 39, 66 and 98% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively, while 60 μg/ml of -tocopherol, exhibited only 30% inhibition. Moreover, WEN had effective reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities at the same concentrations. Those various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), quercetin, and -tocopherol. In addition, total phenolic compounds in the WEN were determined as pyrocatechol equivalent. WEN also showed antimicrobial activity against nine microorganisms, antiulcer activity against ethanol-induced ulcerogenesis and analgesic effect on acetic acid-induced stretching.     

Determination of antioxidant and radical scavenging activity of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L. Family Lamiaceae) assayed by different methodologies

The antioxidant properties of plants have been investigated, in the light of recent scientific developments, throughout the world due to their potent pharmacological activities and food viability. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L. Family Lamiaceae) is used as a kitchen herb and as an ornamental plant in house gardens. In the present study, the possible radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of the water (WEB) and ethanol extracts (EEB) of basil was investigated using different antioxidant methodologies: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, scavenging of superoxide anion radical-generated non-enzymatic system, ferric thiocyanate method, reducing power, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating activities. Experiments revealed that WEB and EEB have an antioxidant effects which are concentration-dependent. The total antioxidant activity was performed according to the ferric thiocyanate method. At the 50 microg/mL concentration, the inhibition effects of WEB and EEB on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion were found to be 94.8% and 97.5%, respectively. On the other hand, the percentage inhibition of a 50 microg/mL concentration of BHA, BHT and alpha-tocopherol was found to be 97.1%, 98.5% and 70.4% inhibition of peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. In addition, WEB and EEB had effective DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, reducing power and metal chelating activities. Additionally, these various antioxidant activities were compared with BHA, BHT and alpha-tocopherol as reference antioxidants. The additional total phenolic content of these basil extracts was determined as the gallic acid equivalent and were found to be equivalent.     

长松萝多糖清除氧自由基和抗脂质过氧化反应的研究

目的:对长松萝多糖(PUS)清除氧自由基、抗脂质过氧化作用进行研究。方法:采用黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶体系测定PUS对超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用,采用Fenton反应体系测定PUS对羟自由基的清除作用及其对羟自由基诱发的小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化反应的影响。结果:长松萝多糖对超氧阴离子自由基及羟自由基均有清除作用,其百分之五十抑制浓度IC_(50)分别为0.45 mg/ml和1.57 mg/ml,但对羟自由基诱发的小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化反应的抑制作用较弱。结论:PUS对氧自由基有明显的清除作用,但在Fenton反应体系中抗脂质过氧化作用较弱。