社区护理干预对腹膜透析患者遵医行为的影响

目的探讨社区护理干预对腹膜透析(CAPD)患者遵医行为的影响.方法将出院后的60例患者按出院顺序随机分为两组即实验组30例和对照组30例,对实验组进行了社区护理干预,对照组未施加影响.比较两组出院6个月时的遵医率及相关并发症.结果6个月后实验组遵医率明显高于对照组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),透析相关并发症明显低于对照组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论社区护理干预在帮助患者提高遵医率,降低透析相关并发症方面有重要作用.     

专科护士电话回访对青光眼患者遵医行为的影响

目的 探讨眼科专科护士电话随访对青光眼患者出院后遵医行为的影响.方法 将90例青光眼住院患者按出院后电话随访医务人员的不同分为试验组和对照组.对照组电话随访者为非眼科专科护士,试验组为眼科专科护士.统计2组患者电话随访前后的遵医行为情况及半年后的疗效.结果 试验组30例,对照组60例.电话随访后2组患者在“按时复查”及“规律用药”的遵医行为方面均不能达到100％,但试验组能够按时复查及规律用药患者的比例明显高于对照组(x2值分别为4.680和4.381,均P＜0.05).试验组电话随访前患者遵医行为均处于比较低的水平,随访后患者遵医行为情况明显优于随访前(P＜0.05).随访半年后试验组显效率及有效率均高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),总有效率试验组明显高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(x2=5.022,P＜0.05).结论 眼科专科护士电话随访不仅对青光眼患者出院后遵医行为的影响大,而且在疗效上具有良好的协同作用.     

对银屑病患者的电话回访式健康教育

目的 探讨电话回访式健康教育指导对银屑病患者出院后遵医行为的影响.方法 将200例病人随机分为实验组和对照组,每组100例,对实验组病人于出院一周内开始,定期进行电话回访,回访时间为半年;对照组未实施干预.6个月后对患者遵医行为和再入院情况进行比较.结果 实验组遵医行为明显好于对照组,两组比较具有显著性差异(p<0.05).结论 电话回访式健康教育指导适应了护理模式的转变,将医院健康教育工作延伸至出院惠者的治疗康复过程中,搭建了患者与医院之间沟通的桥梁[1],缩短了医护患之间距离,对增强患者遵医行为,减少疾病的复发,减少再入院人数和次数,提高病人生存质量有着重要意义.     

家庭访视对精神分裂症并发糖尿病病人遵医行为的影响

目的了解出院精神分裂症并发糖尿病病人的遵医行为及家庭访视对其遵医行为的影响.方法将82例出院精神分裂症并发糖尿病病人随机分为观察组与对照组各41例,观察组进行家庭访视,对照组不作干预.6个月后对两组病人遵医情况及不良生活方式的改变情况进行调查.结果观察组病人遵医情况及不良生活方式的改变明显优于对照组(P＜0.05、P＜0.01).结论对出院精神分裂症并发糖尿病病人进行家庭访视可提高其遵医行为.     

延伸护理模式对"三高"患者出院后遵医行为影响的对比研究

目的 对比传统护理模式和出院延伸护理模式对三高患者出院后遵医行为的影响.方法 选取我院收治确诊的三高患者100例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组100例.每组患者出院前建立完整随访资料,均给予对应的出院医嘱宣教,对照组患者于出院后第一周开始每周1次,对其进行病情沟通、慢性病管理再教育、饮食情况、服药情况、日常锻炼、复诊六个方面电话随访干预.所有入组出院后6个月,由专门人员进行电话问询填写自制三高患者出院后遵医行为调查表,完成评定.结果 对照组出院后遵医行为均明显优于观察组(P<0.05).结论 延伸护理模式能有效提高三高患者出院医嘱执行率,建立持续的、良好的慢性病管理模式.     

护理干预对高血压患者出院后遵医行为的影响

目的 研究分析护理干预对出院3个月内高血压患者遵医行为的影响.方法 将90例出院3个月内高血压患者随机分为实验组及对照组两组,每组各45例,采取健康教育的方法对实验组进行遵医行为的干预,对照组不进行干预.结果 在干预涉及的5个方面:服药依从性情况、体育锻炼情况、饮食控制情况、白测血压情况、情绪调节情况中,实验组患者的遵医行为与对照组差别均有显著性意义P＜0.01.结论 护理干预是提高出院高血压患者遵医率的有效方法.     

护理干预对早孕药物流产患者遵医行为的影响

目的探讨护理干预对药物流产患者遵医行为的影响。方法将妇科检查确定采用药物终止早孕者100例随机分成实验组和对照组各50例。实验组实施一系列的护理干预,对照组不予干预,均建立电话联系,服药治疗后分别对两组患者进行遵医行为调查。结果护理干预前,两组患者遵医行为比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）﹔护理干预后,两组患者比较均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,实验组患者治疗依从性明显高于对照组。结论护理干预可提高药物流产患者遵医行为,利于患者掌握生殖健康知识,减少排胎不全等并发症。     

护理干预措施对肺结核患者遵医行为的影响

目的 了解护理干预措施对肺结核患者遵医行为的影响.方法 将出院90例肺结核患者随机分成两组,即实验组和对照组,每组45例.对实验组进行规律用药、预防保健等护理干预,对照组未施加影响.结果 0.5 a后,对两组患者进行遵医率的调查,实验组的遵医率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 护理干预在帮助患者提高遵医率、控制结核病、缩短疗程方面有重要意义.     

护理干预对玻璃体手术治疗糖尿病性视网膜病变出院患者的影响

目的:探究护理干预对玻璃体手术治疗糖尿病性视网膜病变出院患者的影响.方法:选取2013年8月-2017年5月期间我院收治的糖尿病性视网膜病变患者150例作为研究对象,均行玻璃体手术治疗,按照护理方法不同展开分组,对照组75例展开常规护理,实验组75例实施护理干预,对比出院后两组患者遵医行为、并发症.结果:干预前,两组各维度对比无明显差异(P>0.05);护理后,两组患者各维度都明显改善(P<0.05),而且实验组改善效果更加明显(P<0.05).实验组并发症发生率为1.33%(1/75),对照组13.33%(10/75),(P<0.05).结论:护理干预可改善糖尿病性视网膜病变出院患者遵医行为,值得推广.     

“互联网+”平台下的健康干预对WD患者依从性的影响

目的:探讨互联网平台下的健康干预对出院肝豆状核变性(WD)患者依从性的影响.方法:将120例WD患者随机分为对照组和观察组各60例.在住院期间对两组患者实施相同的健康宣教及出院指导,出院后对照组不再进行健康管理,观察组利用互联网平台建立“微信群”和“QQ群”进行健康干预.6个月后比较两组患者的遵医行为.结果:观察组患者的服药依从性、低铜饮食的执行力及生活行为的规律性明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:对出院的WD患者实施互联网平台下健康干预可提高患者遵医行为,从而改善患者的治疗效果及生活质量.     

"产业化"与"市场化"的错位

医疗改革之弊,也许在于过度的“市场化”而非产业化。如果不对这两个概念加以区别,将棒子打在“产业化”上,其结果有可能贻害相关领域的改革深化     

The use of "impotence" and "frigidity": why has "impotence" survived

The negative connotations and decreased utility of the terms "impotence" and "frigidity" prompted an investigation of their use in the literature. Psychological Abstracts were reviewed from 1940 to 1983 for titles containing these terms. It was found that both impotence and frigidity titles fluctuated at low levels from 1940 to 1969. Frigidity titles then increased slightly, but dropped to zero after 1979. Impotence titles, however, have continued to increase at a significant rate. Classic sexual behavior and therapy works are reviewed to explain this discrepancy since both terms are equally inappropriate.     

耐多药结核病患者"知""信""行"护理干预模式研究

目的评价耐多药结核病患者“知、信、行”护理干预模式的效果。方法将60例耐多药结核病患者随机分成研究组和对照组各30例,对照组采用规则抗结核治疗和常规护理,研究组实施“知、信、行”护理干预。结果研究组知识、信念、行为明显高于对照组;12个月痰菌阴转率为83．3％、患者病灶吸收率81．3％、空洞闭合率55．6％,明显高于对照组;二者与对照组比较差异有显著意义。结论采用“知、信、行”护理干预模式,能有效地提高耐多药结核病患者的治疗疗效,改善其生活质量。     

The "lessons" of the Australian "heroin shortage"

Heroin use causes considerable harm to individual users including dependence, fatal and nonfatal overdose, mental health problems, and blood borne virus transmission. It also adversely affects the community through drug dealing, property crime and reduced public amenity. During the mid to late 1990s in Australia the prevalence of heroin use increased as reflected in steeply rising overdose deaths. In January 2001, there were reports of an unpredicted and unprecedented reduction in heroin supply with an abrupt onset in all Australian jurisdictions. The shortage was most marked in New South Wales, the State with the largest heroin market, which saw increases in price, dramatic decreases in purity at the street level, and reductions in the ease with which injecting drug users reported being able to obtain the drug. The abrupt onset of the shortage and a subsequent dramatic reduction in overdose deaths prompted national debate about the causes of the shortage and later international debate about the policy significance of what has come to be called the "Australian heroin shortage". In this paper we summarise insights from four years' research into the causes, consequences and policy implications of the "heroin shortage".     

Diagnosing "dayans" and "demons"

The new ?Witch Craft Prevention Bill? prohibiting witch hunting was passed in Bihar, India, in reaction to the branding and subsequent killing of more than 500 helpless women as "dayans" (witches) in the past 7 years. Most of them were single, widows, or deserted women victimized by the pathological greed of some of the male members of their families or by some powerful persons in the village community interested in claiming their property. Even with the passage of the bill, though, most of these crimes will remain unpunished because the community is an accomplice in them, and they tend not to be reported. What is needed overall is socioeconomic and political development that will lead to the empowerment of women to ensure that there will be an end to the cruel and inhuman activities (such as witch hunting) instigated by traditional healers or "Ojhas".     

Cultural characteristics of "high" and "low" performing hospitals

PURPOSE: To compare and contrast the cultural characteristics of "high" and "low" performing hospitals in the UK National Health Service (NHS). DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A multiple case study design incorporating a purposeful sample of "low" and "high" performing acute hospital Trusts, as assessed by the star performance rating system. FINDINGS: These case studies suggest that "high" and "low" performing acute hospital organisations may be very different environments in which to work. Although each case possessed its own unique character, significant patternings were observed within cases grouped by performance to suggest considerable cultural divergence. The key points of divergence can be grouped under four main headings: leadership and management orientation; accountability and information systems; human resources policies; and relationships within the local health economy. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: As with any study, interpretation of findings should be tempered with a degree of caution because of methodological considerations. First, there are the limitations of case study which proceeds on the basis of theoretical rather than quantitative generalisation. Second, organisational culture was assessed by exploring the views of middle and senior managers. While one should in no way suggest that such an approach can capture all important cultural characteristics of organisations, it is believed that it may be at least partially justified, given the agenda-setting powers and influence of the senior management team. Finally "star" performance measures are far from a perfect measure of organisational performance. Despite such reservations, the findings indicate that organisational culture is associated in a variety of non-trivial ways with the measured performance of hospital organisations. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: Highlights considerable cultural divergence within UK NHS hospitals.