灰树花多糖抗S180肉瘤的实验研究

目的 研究灰树花多糖（Polysaccharide of grifola frondosa，PGF）对S180肉瘤的生长抑制作用并探讨PGF抗肿瘤的机制。方法 制备荷瘤小鼠动物模型，以PGF溶液和环磷酰胺（cyclophosphane，Cy）溶液分别灌胃10d，检测小鼠的胸腺指数、脾指数、抑瘤率，用免疫组化的方法检测各组瘤块内肿瘤坏死因子-alpha（tumornecrosisfactor-alpha，TNF-α）的表达。结果 PGF、Cy对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率分别为47．92％、41．55％，PGF组荷瘤小鼠脾脏指数、胸腺指数明显高于Cy组、生理盐水组，PGF组瘤组织内大量表达TNF-α，Cy组、生理盐水组瘤内不表达TNF-α。结论 PGF具有抗肿瘤作用，并且促进荷瘤小鼠大量分泌TNF-α，瘤组织内表达TNF-α可能是灰树花多糖抗肿瘤的方式之一。     

桑黄粗多糖抗肿瘤及对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能影响的研究

目的 研究桑黄粗多糖的抗肿瘤作用及对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法 体外培养S180肉瘤细胞．接种健康小鼠，建立荷瘤小鼠模型。将小鼠随机分组，①蒸馏水组②桑黄粗多糖高、中、低剂量组。观察计算抑瘤率、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬指数及吞噬率、外周血淋巴细胞转化率、血清溶血素水平、以及血清中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-4含量。结果 桑黄粗多糖高、中、低剂量组对小鼠S180肉瘤均有抑制作用，能明显提高荷瘤小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬指数与吞噬率、外周血淋巴细胞转化率及血清溶血素水平，并能提高血清中细胞因子TNF-α含量，对血清中细胞因子IL-4含量的影响作用不显著。结论 桑黄粗多糖具有抗肿瘤以及增强荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的作用。     

林茜草根醇提取物对S - 180荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤活性试验研究

用林茜草根醇提取物给予S - 180荷瘤小鼠连续灌胃,10 d后测定林茜草根醇提取物对荷S- 180瘤小鼠抑瘤率、碳粒廓清指数、小鼠外周血—肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白介素-2（IL-2）含量的影响。结果表明,林茜草根醇提取物对荷S - 180瘤小鼠肿瘤的抑瘤率达39.67％,可提高小鼠吞噬碳粒廓清的指数,血清中IL...     

当归提取物对S180荷瘤模型小鼠肉瘤的抑瘤作用的实验研究

目的:探讨当归醇粗提物的抗肿瘤作用与机制。方法:昆明种小鼠60只接种腹水瘤,建立S180荷瘤模型小鼠,当归醇粗提物100、200、400 mg/kg剂量灌胃给药2周,计算模型小鼠的抑瘤率,脾指数和胸腺指数;MTT法测定当归水提物对模型小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响;ELISA法测定模型小鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)及白介素(IL-2)表达。结果:当归醇粗提物可显著抑制S180荷瘤模型小鼠实体瘤的生长(P<0.05),提高脾和胸腺指数(P>0.05),促进Con A诱导的脾淋巴细胞增长和血清中TNF-α及IL-2的表达。结论:当归醇粗提物对S180实体瘤模型小鼠有抑制肿瘤生长作用,其作用机制可能与其具有促进免疫功能有关。     

鳖甲多糖抗肿瘤免疫调节作用及其机理的研究

[目的]探讨鳖甲多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤免疫调节作用及其机理。[方法]制备S180荷瘤小鼠动物模型,随机分为荷瘤对照组(Ⅰ)、鳖甲多糖低剂量组(Ⅱ)、中剂量组(Ⅲ)和高剂量组(Ⅳ);通过测定荷瘤小鼠的瘤重、抑瘤率及瘤体比观察鳖甲多糖对肿瘤生长的影响;通过检测半数溶血值(HC50)、T淋巴细胞转化功能、脾细胞的增殖分化、NK细胞的活性以及腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,研究鳖甲多糖对荷瘤小鼠体液免疫、细胞免疫和非特异性免疫功能的影响。[结果]鳖甲多糖能明显减小S180荷瘤小鼠的瘤重和瘤体比(P<0.05),能明显抑制肿瘤的生长(P<0.05),(Ⅱ)、(Ⅲ)、(Ⅳ)组的平均抑瘤率分别为30%、37%、45%;鳖甲多糖能明显改善S180荷瘤小鼠半数溶血值(P<0.05);鳖甲多糖能明显提高荷瘤小鼠T淋巴细胞的转化功能、脾细胞的转化功能和NK细胞的活性(P<0.05);鳖甲多糖能明显增强S180荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能(P<0.05)。[结论]鳖甲多糖能明显抑制S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长,其机理可能是通过增强荷瘤小鼠的特异性免疫功能和非特异性免疫功能。     

香菇多糖抗肿瘤作用及其机制的研究

目的：运用中医“药食同源”的原理，研究香菇多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用及其机制。方法：制备S180荷瘤小鼠动物模型，随机分为荷瘤对照组，低、中、高剂量组；通过测定荷瘤小鼠的瘤重、抑瘤率及瘤体比观察香菇多糖对肿瘤生长的影响；通过检测脾细胞的增殖分化、NK细胞的活性以及腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能，研究香菇多糖对荷瘤小鼠非特异性免疫和细胞免疫功能的影响。结果：香菇多糖能明显减小S180荷瘤小鼠的瘤重和瘤体比（P〈0．05），明显抑制肿瘤的生长（P〈0．05），低、中、高剂量组的平均抑瘤率分别为37％、46％、490%；明显增强S180荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能（P〈0．05）；明显提高S180荷瘤小鼠脾细胞的转化功能和NK细胞的活性（P〈0．05）。结论：香菇多糖能明显抑制S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长，其作用机制可能是通过增强荷瘤小鼠的非特异性免疫功能和细胞免疫功能。     

参杞合剂抗肿瘤免疫的动态实验研究

[目的]研究参杞合剂对抗肿瘤治疗后期荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的动态调节.[方法]取小鼠荷瘤,分组:生理盐水(NS)对照组,环磷酰胺(CY)组,参杞合剂(SQ)组.分别予NS组及SQ组小鼠口服灌胃NS及SQ,CY组则腹腔注射CY.测NK/ MΦ细胞杀伤活性;IL-12/TNF-α含量.[结果]①参杞合剂能够延长荷瘤小鼠生存期,抑制肿瘤生长.抑瘤率达65.68%,CY组抑瘤率为45.76%,与NS组比较差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.05);SQ组抑瘤效果强于CY组(P＜0.05),而且抑瘤持久,停药5 d和停药9 d,其抑瘤率仍可达49.43%和41.39%.②能增强荷瘤小鼠免疫功能,增强荷瘤小鼠的NK/MΦ细胞杀伤活性.停药第1天SQ治疗组体内的NK/MΦ细胞的含量可达(55.78±2.23)%/(57.23 ±1.37)%,较NS组(36.51±1.94)%/(38.57±1.15)%明显增强,停药5 d,9 d仍可维持于正常水平范围之内(47.43±1.06/47.67±1.01);而CY组却逐渐下降低于正常水平(29.66±1.99)%/(27.28±1.42)% (P＞0.05).③能增强荷瘤小鼠细胞因子活性.SQ组的TNF-α含量较NS组有明显增加(P＜0.05);CY组的IL-12、TNF-α含量较NS组有明显降低(P＜0.05).停药5 d,9 d SQ组IL-12,TNF-α含量维持刚停药时的较高水平,逐渐下降仍维持于正常范围内(P＞0.05).相应的NS组IL-12为35.15±2.62,显著低于正常水平(P＜0.01),而TNF-α却显著高于正常水平(P＜0.01),CY组则维持刚停药时的状态. [结论]参杞合剂有较好的抑瘤作用.     

黄芪注射液对环磷酰胺治疗H22荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

[目的]研究黄芪注射液对环磷酰胺(CTX)化疗H22荷瘤小鼠的增效减毒作用及机制.[方法]采用移植性H22肝癌小鼠模型,随机分为模型组、CTX处理组、CTX+黄芪注射液高、中、低剂量联合用药组.各治疗组腹腔注射CTX 20 mg/kg,隔日1次,共5次;每次注射后6h分别腹腔注射生理盐水以及12、8、4 g/kg黄芪注射液0.2 ml/只,于末次给药后24 h,检测各组小鼠的抑瘤率、外周血白细胞数、脾指数、胸腺指数、IL-2、TNF-α等指标.分析黄芪注射液对CTX的增效减毒作用及机制.[结果]单用CTX组抑瘤率为61.8％,联用黄芪注射液低、中、高剂量组的抑瘤率分别为61.3％、67.5％、77.5％,其中CTX+黄芪注射液高剂量联合用药组与单用CTX组抑瘤率比较,抑瘤率有显著性差异(P＜0.05).黄芪注射液各组联用CTX与单用CTX组比较,可不同程度地升高荷瘤小鼠的白细胞数和胸腺指数、脾指数,且能提高荷瘤小鼠血清中IL-2和TNF-α的水平(P＜0.05).[结论]黄芪注射液可明显提高化疗后免疫缺陷小鼠的免疫功能,临床上可用于化疗后的辅助治疗.     

空心莲子草正丁醇部位提取物对荷瘤小鼠血清细胞因子水平的影响

目的初步研究空心莲子草正丁醇部位提取物对荷瘤小鼠血清细胞因子水平的影响。方法提取空心莲子草正丁醇部位,并构建小鼠肉瘤S180移植性肿瘤模型,采用灌胃方式给予空心莲子草正丁醇部位提取物治疗,治疗10d后,眼眶取血,酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清白介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)、白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、白介素-8(interleukin-8,IL-8)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)水平。结果空心莲子草正丁醇提取物能显著抑制小鼠肉瘤S180生长,各剂量实验组的平均瘤重显著轻于对照荷瘤组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。并且能明显升高荷瘤小鼠血清中IL-2、IL-6、IL-12和TNF-α的水平。结论空心莲子草正丁醇提取物有体内抗肿瘤活性,其抗肿瘤机制可能与升高机体细胞因子水平有关。     

白细胞介素-18与白细胞介素-12协同增强肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞对胃癌细胞的杀伤作用

目的:研究白细胞介素-18(IL-18)与白细胞介素-12(IL-12)对肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)杀伤功能的影响.方法:IL-18与IL-12共同刺激的TIL与人的胃癌细胞系SGC-7901共孵育后接种于BALB/c SCID小鼠皮下,测定小鼠肿瘤的生长大小并观察荷瘤小鼠的生存时间,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA方法)检测小鼠血清中Th1型细胞因子TNF-α、IFN-γ及Th2型细胞因子IL-10、IL-4的表达水平,同时体外测定NK细胞及CD8+T细胞的肿瘤杀伤活性.结果:IL-18与IL-12共同作用于TIL后,与对照组相比,SGC-7910细胞的荷瘤小鼠皮下肿瘤生长明显减慢,小鼠生存率明显延长;同时,两种细胞因子联合处理组荷瘤小鼠血清中细胞因子TNF-α、IFN-γ的水平明显增高,而IL-10与IL-4水平明显降低;体外LDH杀伤实验证实IL-18联合IL-12处理组NK细胞及CD8+T细胞杀伤活性明显提高.结论:IL-18与IL-12协同刺激能增强TIL对胃癌胞的杀伤功能.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.