精浆和血清生殖激素与精液质量的关系

目的为了评估精液质量不同的男性精浆和血清生殖激素的浓度与精子浓度及活动力的关系,探索精浆与血清生殖激素的关系。方法对301名男性进行精液检查,按照精液的质量参数将受试对象分成4组:精液正常组(n=176),弱精子症组(n=66),少精子症组(n=40)和非梗阻性无精子症组(n=19)。采用电化学发光免疫法测定各组受试对象血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、泌乳素(PRL)、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)和雌二醇(E2)六项生殖激素和精浆PRL、T、P和E2四项生殖激素的浓度,比较组间差异并进行相关性分析。结果精液正常组和弱精子症组血清FSH和E2的浓度显著低于少精子症组和非梗阻性无精子症组(P0.05),精液正常组血清LH和P的浓度显著低于弱精子症、少精子症和非梗阻性无精子症的人群(P0.05);而精液正常、弱精子症和少精子症三组精浆PRL的浓度则高于非梗阻性无精子症组(P0.05)。除了非梗阻性无精子症组,受试者血清FSH的浓度与其精子浓度呈负相关(r分别为-0.350、-0.273和-0.448,P0.05)。精液正常组精浆PRL的浓度和精子的浓度之间呈正相关(r=0.269,P0.05);在少精子症组中,亦有相同趋势的相关性(r=0.432,P0.05)。结论精浆PRL及血清FSH的浓度能够反映精子浓度或活动力,在男性不育的病因分析中具有一定的指导价值。     

不育男性血清和精浆抑制素B水平与生精功能的关系

目的探讨血清和精浆抑制素B(INH-B)与睾丸生精功能的关系。方法回顾性分析2015年1~6月来深圳中山泌尿外科医院生殖医学中心就诊的141例男性不育症患者资料。根据精液参数分为5组:精子浓度正常组(A组,43例)、轻中度少精子症组(B组,40例)、重度少精子症组(C组,27例)、梗阻性无精子症组(OA组,9例)和非梗阻性无精子症组(NOA组,22例);NOA组中有17例患者接受睾丸细针精子抽吸术(TESA)取精,根据TESA结果分为成功组(13例)和失败组(4例)。比较各组的精液参数(精子总数、浓度及活动力),测定其血清和精浆INH-B水平及血清FSH、LH、T、E_2、泌乳素(PRL)、孕酮(P)的水平,分析血清性激素、INH-B与精液质量之间的关系。结果 A、B组的睾丸总体积显著高于OA和NOA组(P0.05)。C组和NOA组的血清INH-B显著低于A组和OA组,A组的精浆INH-B浓度显著高于C组、OA组和NOA组(P均0.05)。不同生精功能男性的血清INH-B与血清FSH、LH及PRL呈负相关,与血清T和精浆INH-B呈正相关(P均0.05);精浆INH-B与血清FSH和LH呈负相关(P0.05)。A、B、C组中血清和精浆INH-B与总精子数呈低度正相关(P0.01)。NOA组中血清INH-B与睾丸总体积呈高度正相关,与血清FSH和LH呈负相关(P均0.01);精浆INH-B与血清FSH呈极弱负相关(P0.05)。TESA取精成功组的睾丸总体积和血清INH-B显著高于TESA失败组,血清FSH和LH则显著低于TESA失败组(P均0.01)。结论血清和精浆INH-B与血清性激素、总精子数具有一定相关性,可作为评估男性生精功能的参考。无精子症中尤其是NOA患者,血清INH-B可以评估睾丸生精状态、鉴别诊断无精子症、预测取精结局。     

抑制素B对非梗阻性无精子症病人睾丸精子获取成功的预测

目的探讨抑制素B对非梗阻性无精子症病人睾丸精子获取成功的预测价值。方法选择非梗阻性无精子症病人28例,梗阻性无精子症病人16例和精液指标正常者19例,测定其抑制素B、FSH水平及睾丸体积,并对非梗阻性无精子症病人行睾丸精子获取术(TESE)。结果非梗阻性无精子症病人中TESE成功者9例,其抑制素B水平显著高于19例17ESE未成功者(P<0．05),两者的。FSH水平和睾丸体积差异无显著性(P>0．05);抑制素B受试者作业特征曲线下面积显著大于FSH和睾丸体积的受试者作业特征曲线下面积(P< 0．01)。结论抑制素B是预测非梗阻性无精子症病人睾丸精子获取成功的有效指标。     

男性不育患者精浆尿酸的检测及临床意义初探

目的 :检测男性不育患者精浆尿酸的含量 ,并探讨其与不育的关系。　方法 :2 0 0 3年 2～ 8月就诊的男性不育患者 1 6 3例 ,分为 4组 :梗阻性无精子症组 ,1 5例 ;非梗阻性无精子症组 ,36例 ;少精子症组 ,4 3例 ;弱精子症组 ,6 9例。 2 0例正常生育男性为正常对照组。上述各组均作精液参数分析及精浆尿酸含量的测定。　结果 :正常对照组精浆尿酸含量为 (396 .9± 5 3.1 ) μmol/L ,显著高于梗阻性无精子症组 [(79.5± 1 8.1 ) μmol/L]、非梗阻性无精子症组[(2 4 5 .8± 76 .5 ) μmol/L]、少精子症组 [(2 6 2 .2± 79.2 ) μmol/L]和弱精子症组 [(2 5 1 .4± 75 .4 ) μmol/L](P均 <0 .0 1 )。其中 ,梗阻性无精子症组精浆尿酸含量又显著低于其他各不育症组 (P均 <0 .0 1 ) ,其余各不育症组间精浆尿酸含量差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :精浆中尿酸作为生殖系统中的一种重要抗氧化物 ,可能在男性生殖中具有一定意义。     

非梗阻性无精子症相关病因分析

目的 :探讨非梗阻性无精子症患者血清和精浆中的性激素水平、精浆表皮生长因子、α 葡萄糖苷酶、果糖水平及其变化 ,以及染色体分析的意义。　方法 :采用放射免疫法、比色法、染色体G、C显带等方法 ,对 36例已婚非梗阻性无精子症患者和 2 6例正常已婚有精子男性进行生殖内分泌、遗传学等结果比较 ,探讨导致不育的病因。　结果 :非梗阻性无精子症患者血清中FSH、LH、PRL、E2均高于正常对照男性 ,T水平两者间差异无显著性。而精浆中除FSH外 ,其余差异均无显著性。非梗阻性无精子症组性染色体异常 2例 ,大Y 2例 ,小Y 7例 ,精浆表皮生长因子、果糖两者间无相关性。　结论 :非梗阻性无精子症与血清性激素水平、α 葡萄糖苷酶、染色体异常有密切关系     

生育与不育男性精浆总抗氧化能力分析

目的:分析生育与不育男性精浆中总抗氧化能力(TAC)及其在男性生育中意义。方法:225例男性不育患者分为6组,分别为:梗阻性无精子症组(n=10),非梗阻性无精子症组(n=42),少精子症组(n=20),弱精子症组(n=78),少弱精子症组(n=57),以及正常精子症组(n=18)。28例正常生育男性作为对照(生育组)。分别采用计算机辅助精液分析(CASA)系统进行精液参数分析,采用比色法检测精浆TAC水平。结果:生育组男性精浆TAC为(19.82±6.33)U,梗阻性无精子症组(1.71±1.33)U,非梗阻性无精子症组(12.73±9.44)U,少精子症组(10.85±6.64)U,弱精子症组(13.88±8.24)U,少弱精子症组(11.20±7.02)U,正常精子症组(18.07±8.73)U;与生育组精浆TAC[(19.82±6.33)U]相比,在各不育症组中,除正常精子症组精浆TAC与生育组差异无显著性外,其余各组均显著低于生育组(P<0.01)。精浆TAC与精子密度(r=0.182,P<0.05)和a级精子(r=0.150,P<0.05)呈显著正相关。结论:精浆中TAC水平与男性不育密切相关,精浆中过低的TAC水平可能是引起男性不育的病因之一。     

双侧附睾肿块伴不育患者α-葡糖苷酶结果分析

目的:通过测定不育患者精浆α-葡糖苷酶含量与双侧附睾肿块大小和精子密度的关系,探讨α-葡糖苷酶在附睾梗阻性无精子症诊断中的价值。方法:根据精子密度将76例不育患者分为正常精子密度组(n=27),少精子症组(n=21),梗阻性无精子症组(n=28),分别测定不育患者和正常对照人群的性激素、精浆α-葡糖苷酶及WBC染色,各组分别行阴囊触诊和阴囊B超检查双侧附睾肿块的大小。结果:梗阻性无精子症组精浆α-葡糖苷酶含量(22.01±6.10)U/m l与各组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05),且精浆α-葡糖苷酶含量和双侧附睾肿块体积(r=-0.417,P<0.05)与白细胞(r=-0.342,P<0.05)呈负相关。结论:α-葡糖苷酶在判断附睾肿块导致的梗阻性无精子症中有一定的诊断价值。     

严重少精子症患者与正常生育男性精浆蛋白质群比较分析

目的:探讨严重少精子症和正常生育男性精浆蛋白质群的差异性。方法:11例正常健康已生育的自愿者(正常组)和6例严重少精子症男性精液标本通过Percoll分离获取精浆。采用SELDI-TOF-MS,经CM10芯片捕获蛋白质并用TOF-MS对蛋白质进行检测,获得各样本的蛋白质指纹图谱,经过归一化处理后进行组间比较。结果:严重少精子症组与正常组比较仅有2种低丰度蛋白质表达存在差异,与非梗阻性无精子症组比较差异蛋白质达15种。蛋白质荷比(m/z)分别为7196.058、7547.610、5780.493、7059.844、7409.589、5379.173、10778.810的7种蛋白质是严重少精子症、正常组与非梗阻性无精子症组的共同差异蛋白质,除后两者在非梗阻性无精子症中含量升高外,其余含量均降低。结论:严重少精子症的精浆蛋白质群与正常组差异较小,即两者的精浆蛋白质组成较为相似,但二者均与非梗阻性无精子症存在显著差异。提示严重少精子症和非梗阻性无精子症的发生机制不同,并非仅是遗传因素量的累加。     

非梗阻性无精子症病人睾丸精子抽吸术成功的标志—血清抑制素B

近期研究表明 ,血清抑制素Ｂ可作为精子发生的一种标志 ,成人血清抑制素Ｂ浓度维持在可检测水平依赖于生精活动。作者选择了 17例胞浆内单精子注射 (ＩＣＳＩ)治疗的非梗阻性无精子症病人 (第 1组 )、2 2例梗阻性无精子症病人 (第 2组 )和 2 9例精液指标正常的自愿供精者 (第 3组 ) ,测定血清抑制素Ｂ以判断睾丸精子抽吸术 (ｔｅｓｔｉｃｕｌａｒｓｐｅｒｍｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ,ＴＥＳＥ)的成功率。结果第 1组与第 2、3组相比 ,卵泡刺激素 (ＦＳＨ)水平明显升高 (Ｐ <0 0 0 1) ,而血清抑制素Ｂ浓度明显降低 (Ｐ <0 0 0 0 1)。ＴＥＳＥ成…     

精浆蛋白电泳带谱分析对梗阻性无精子症的定位诊断价值

目的：评估精浆蛋白电泳带谱对梗阻性无精子症的定位诊断价值。方法：对28例正常生育男子和21例梗阻性无精子症患者(包括14例双侧输精管结扎和7例双侧附睾尾梗阻)，采用不连续SDS-PAGE分析精浆蛋白带谱变化，并分别测定精浆总蛋白质含量。结果：正常生育男子与梗阻性无精子症者比较，虽然总蛋白质含量有差异(P＜0．05)，但精浆蛋白带谱分析基本相同。结论：精浆蛋白电泳带谱分析对梗阻性无精症的诊断及定位无临床意义。     

Possible relationship between seminal plasma inhibin B and spermatogenesis in patients with azoospermia

Inhibin B is bidirectionally secreted by Sertoli cells, basal secretion into the circulation exerts negative feedback on follicle-stimulating hormone secretion, and serum inhibin B is considered a marker of spermatogenesis. The precise role of apical secretion is unknown. The objective of our work was to study the relationship between seminal inhibin B and spermatogenesis. Dimeric inhibin B was measured by immunoassay in seminal plasma of volunteers with normozoospermia (n = 10, group 1), in men after vasectomy (n = 10, group 2), and in men with azoospermia (n = 50, group 3). Testicular biopsy and testicular sperm extraction were performed in men with azoospermia. Seminal inhibin B levels were higher in men in group 1 than in men in groups 2 and 3 (P <.0001). In seminal plasma, inhibin B presents a positive correlation with alpha glucosidase activity (r =.37, P =.002). Seminal inhibin B is inversely related with serum FSH (r = -.58, P <.001), and presents a weak positive correlation with serum testosterone concentration (r =.29, P =.03). No difference was found between inhibin B levels in seminal plasma of patients with nonobstructive or obstructive azoospermia, and between positive or negative outcome of TESE. We conclude that inhibin B secretion by Sertoli cells is differentially regulated. The contribution of accessory sex glands limits the use of seminal plasma inhibin B as a marker of spermatogenesis.     

血清抑制素B在鉴别梗阻性与非梗阻性无精子症中的意义

目的通过测定血清抑制素B（INHB）并与卵泡刺激素（FSH）和精浆中性α-葡糖苷酶（α-Glu）等经典指标比较,评价INHB在鉴别诊断梗阻性（OA）和非梗阻性无精子症（NOA）中的应用价值,并对睾丸精子发生障碍作出预判。方法实验采集健康生育男性组（n=60）,以睾丸活检为金标准确定OA组（n=39）和NOA组（n=77）,留取血液和精液标本,进行精液常规分析,检测血清INHB、FSH和精浆中性α—Glu的水平;采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线法,通过计算ROC曲线下面积,确定切点值并分析评价检测指标的敏感性和特异性。结果本实验室健康育龄男性血清INHB的95％参考值范围为：20．37-206．21pg／ml。血清INHB、FSH、精浆中性α—Glu、血清INHB／FSH比值以及INHB＋FSH联合在OA组与NOA组之间均差别显著,具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。其中血清INHB的曲线下面积最大,为0．985,诊断价值最高,敏感性为97．4％,特异性为92．2％,切点值为49．89pg／ml。结论血清INHB比血清FSH、精浆中性α—Glu、血清INHB／FSH比值或INHB＋FSH联合指标在鉴别OA与NOA方面具有更好的敏感性与特异性。     

生育及不育男性血清及精浆抑制素-B水平分析

目的 :探讨生育及不育男性血清及精浆抑制素 B(inhibinB ,INHB)水平是否存在差异 ,了解血清及精浆INHB水平与精子发生的关系。　方法 :生育组 (n =2 0 )、少精子症组 (n =2 0 )、弱精子症组 (n =2 2 )和非阻塞性无精子症 (NOA)组 (n =2 0 )男性于上午 8∶0 0～ 10∶0 0留取精液和血液标本 ,进行精液常规分析 ,血清INHB、FSH、LH、T含量 ,精浆INHB、酸性磷酸酶、果糖、α 葡糖苷酶含量和活性测定。　结果 :血清、精浆INHB水平与血FSH均呈显著负相关 (r =- 0 .5 36 ,P <0 .0 0 1vsr =- 0 .2 88,P =0 .0 1) ,血清、精浆INHB水平与精子密度均呈显著正相关 (r=0 .49,P <0 .0 0 1vsr =0 .48,P <0 .0 0 1) ,血清INHB水平在生育组男性与少精子症组、NOA组男性间(分别为P <0 .0 5和P <0 .0 1)、弱精子症组与NOA组男性间 (P <0 .0 1)及少精子症组与NOA组男性间 (P <0 .0 5 )差异均有显著性 ,而精浆INHB变动范围较大 ,其水平仅在生育组男性与NOA组男性间及弱精子症组与NOA组男性间差异有显著性 (分别为P <0 .0 1和P <0 .0 5 )。精浆INHB水平与精浆α 葡糖苷酶活性呈正相关 (r=0 .377,P =0 .0 0 1)。血清INHB水平与精浆INHB水平间无相关性。　结论 :血清、精浆INHB水平均可反映睾丸的精子发生情况 ,精浆INHB水平还与     

Beta-endorphin in serum and seminal plasma in infertile men

Aim:To access beta-endorphin levels in serum as well as seminal plasma in different infertile male groups.Methods:Beta-endorphin was estimated in the serum and seminal plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method in 80 infertile men equally divided into four groups:non-obstructive azoospermia(NOA),obstructive azoosper-mia(OA),congenital bilateral absent vas deferens(CBVAD)and asthenozoospermia.The results were compared tothose of 20 normozoospermic proven fertile men.Results:There was a decrease in the mean levels of beta-endorphin in the seminal plasma of all successive infertile groups(mean±SD:NOA 51.30±27.37,OA 51.88±9.47,CBAVD 20.36±13.39,asthenozoospermia 49.26±12.49 pg/mL,respectively)compared to the normozoospermicfertile control(87.23±29.55 pg/mL).This relation was not present in mean serum level of beta-endorphin betweenfour infertile groups(51.09±14.71,49.76±12.4,33.96±7.2,69.1±16.57 pg/mL,respectively)and the fertilecontrol group(49.26±31.32 pg/mL).The CBVAD group showed the lowest seminal plasma mean level of beta-endorphin.Testicular contribution of seminal beta-endorphin was estimated to be approximately 40%.Seminal beta-endorphin showed significant correlation with the sperm concentration(r=0.699,P=0.0188)and nonsignificantcorrelation with its serum level(r=0.375,P=0.185)or with the sperm motility percentage(r=0.470,P=0.899).Conclusion:The estimation of beta-endorphin alone is not conclusive to evaluate male reproduction as there aremany other opiates acting at the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis.(Asian J Androl 2006 Nov;8:709-712)     

Serum levels of dimeric and monomeric inhibins and the degree of seminal alteration in infertile men with varicocele

The aim of the present study was to establish the serum levels of inhibins and their relationship with the degree of seminal alteration in infertile men. Thirty-six patients with varicocele (Va) and seven non-obstructive azoospermic men (Az) were included. The Va group was divided into two subgroups: Va I (sperm concentration: >20 x 106; n = 21) and Va II (sperm concentration: < 20 x 106; n = 15). Twelve fertile men were included as a control group (Co). Semen analysis and serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), inhibin B and Pro-alphaC levels were determined. Serum inhibin B and T levels were significantly lower and FSH and LH significantly higher in group Az when compared with the Co. Inhibin B was unable to differentiate Va I from Va II groups. However, in Va II an increase in FSH levels was observed. An inverse correlation between inhibin B and FSH, a direct correlation between inhibin B and testosterone, sperm concentration, motility and morphology were found. No such correlations were seen when only the Va group was analysed. The lack of correlation between serum levels of inhibin B, gonadotrophins, sperm concentration and seminal parameters observed in Va, adds other factor to the complex pathophysiology of varicocele. Finally, further studies are needed to elucidate if oligozoospermic patients with varicocele have also an impaired negative feed-back mechanism that regulates FSH synthesis and secretion.     

无精子症患者瘦素水平及其临床应用价值初探

目的:检测无精子症患者的精浆及血清瘦素(leptin,Lep)水平,探索精浆、血清Lep单独以及联合血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)鉴别梗阻性无精子症(OA)和非梗阻性无精子症(NOA)的方法及意义。方法:选取OA患者45例、原因不明的NOA患者41例,精液参数正常对照30例。无精子症患者行附睾/睾丸细针穿刺精子抽吸术及睾丸活检,所有研究对象均检测血清FSH、精浆及血清Lep。用Fisher判别分析结合ROC曲线法,对单个或多个联合指标进行分析评价。结果:在体重指数无差别的情况下,与精液参数正常对照者相比,OA患者精浆Lep水平显著增高,有统计学意义(P=0.048);NOA患者血清FSH(P=0.000)、血清Lep(P=0.000)及精浆Lep(P=0.000)都显著增高。与OA患者相比,NOA患者血清FSH(P=0.000)、血清Lep(P=0.006)及精浆Lep(P=0.033)都显著增高。在区别OA及NOA方面,精浆Lep及血清Lep的ROC曲线下面积(AUCROC)分别为0.658、0.702,均显著大于0.5,P值分别为0.014、0.002;精浆Lep、血清Lep及FSH三者联合,AUCROC最大(0.953),且以0.026×精浆Lep+0.05×血清Lep+0.106×FSH-2.197为联合指标值,以-0.289为临界值(≥临界值,判定为NOA),其敏感度及特异度均达到最高,分别为0.878及0.902。结论:在鉴别OA和NOA方面,精浆及血清Lep水平有一定价值,联合精浆Lep、血清Lep及FSH,可能优于单个指标。     

Analysis of lipid peroxidative levels in seminal plasma of infertile men by high-performance liquid chromatography

For the purpose to evaluate the significance of lipid peroxidative products on male infertility, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), which is one of the final products of lipid peroxidation in seminal plasma, were determined. Ninety-three male infertile patients were divided into obstructive azoospermic group (12 cases), non-obstructive azoospermic group (15 cases), oligozoospermic group (21 cases), asthenozoospermic group (19 cases), oligoasthenozoospermic group (16 cases) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic group (10 cases). Eighteen fertile males were included in the control group. MDA concentrations of seminal plasma in the fertile and infertile men were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the concentration of MDA in seminal plasma differed significantly between the control group and all the infertile groups (P < 0.01) except the obstructive azoospermic group, between the oligoasthenozoospermic group and the oligozoospermic and asthenozoospermic groups (P < 0.01), and between the oligoasthenoteratozoospermic group and the oligozoospermic and asthenozoospermic groups (P < 0.01). MDA concentration of seminal plasma in the oligoasthenoteratozoospermic group differed significantly from that in the oligoasthenozoospermic group (P <0.05). The results suggested that detection of MDA concentrations in seminal plasma by HPLC has an indicative value on the diagnosis of male infertility induced by overproduction of reactive oxygen species in male reproductive system.