巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞及增殖细胞核抗原在鼻息肉组织中的表达及病理学意义

目的　研究巨噬细胞 (CD68)、T细胞 (CD45RO)、B细胞 (CD2 0 )和增殖核细胞核抗原(proliferatingcellnuclearantigen ,PCNA)在鼻息肉组织中的表达。方法　应用免疫组化链霉菌抗生物素蛋白过氧化酶 (strept avidinoxidase,SP)法对 50例鼻息肉分别做CD2 0、CD45RO、CD68、PCNA的免疫组化染色 ,结合常规HE染色切片进行分析。结果　①CD68+ 细胞在嗜酸性粒细胞性鼻息肉较嗜中性粒细胞性鼻息肉表达率高 ,差异具有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5) ;②CD45RO、CD2 0在鼻息肉均有阳性表达 ,CD45RO与CD2 0呈负相关 (P =0 0 5) ;③CD68阳性细胞与嗜酸性粒细胞浸润及鼻息肉上皮PCNA阳性表达有相关性 (P <0 0 5)。鼻息肉上皮的PCNA阳性表达和成纤维细胞PCNA阳性表达有相关性 ,(P <0 0 5)。结论　鼻息肉的形成与炎性细胞浸润密切相关。鼻黏膜局部的细胞免疫与体液免疫异常导致上皮细胞、成纤维细胞增殖、腺体增生是鼻息肉发生的基础 ,CD68+ 细胞可能是鼻息肉中的炎性干细胞     

上皮细胞增殖在鼻息肉发病机理中的意义

目的 探讨上皮细胞增殖在鼻息肉发病机理中的意义。方法 用DNA流式细胞术和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）免疫组化方法对正常鼻粘膜组织12例和鼻息肉组织26例进行定量测定。结果 （1）所有检测样品为2倍体。（2）鼻息肉组织中S期细胞百分数明显高于正常鼻腔粘膜组织（P＜0．01）。（3）PCNA细胞阳性表达数在鼻息肉组织中明显高于正常鼻腔粘膜上皮组织（P＜0．001）。（4）炎症细胞浸润多的鼻息肉组织中PCNA细胞阳性表达数高（P＜0．01）。结论 上皮细胞增殖活跃在鼻息肉发病机理中扮演一重要角色,而炎症反应又为上皮细胞增殖的主要原因。     

增殖细胞核抗原表达及在头颈肿瘤研究中的应用

增殖细胞核抗原（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｎｇｃｅｌｌｎｕｃｌｅａｒａｎｔｉｇｅｎ，ＰＣＮＡ）近年来广泛应用于评价肿瘤细胞增殖状态，本介绍了ＰＣＮＡ的生物特性，评价细胞增殖状态的价值及在头颈肿瘤研究中的应用。     

喉癌组织中增殖细胞核抗原的表达及意义

喉癌组织中增殖细胞核抗原的表达及意义季文樾，关超，费声重增殖细胞核抗原（ＰｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｎｇＣｅｌｌＮｕ－ｃｌｅａｒＡｎｔｉｇｅｎ，ＰＣＮＡ）是近年新兴的原位检测增殖细胞活检的免疫化学探针。我们用抗ＰＣＮＡ的单抗和免疫组化技术，对喉鳞癌作了研究...     

增殖细胞核抗原在鼻咽癌中表达的定量研究

为了增加鼻咽癌的诊断和预后判定指标，应用抗增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）单克隆抗体，采用免疫组化染色ＬＡＳ－ＳＰ法及图象分析技术，对８２例鼻咽鳞状细胞癌和２５例鼻咽粘膜炎症组织标本进行了定量研究，并对鼻咽癌患者５年生存率与ＰＣＮＡ表达情况进行了相关性分析。结果：①根据ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞计算的鼻咽癌细胞增殖指数与鼻咽癌的病理分级呈明显的正相关，与患者５年生存率呈明显负相关。②图像处理检测的ＰＣＮＡ表达量与     

增殖细胞核抗原及Bcl-2蛋白在鼻咽癌中的表达

目的:探讨鼻咽癌组织中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、Bcl-2表达情况及与主要临床指标间的关系。方法:以免疫组化检测鼻咽活检组织中PCNA、Bcl-2蛋白表达,并比较与分析两者和鼻咽癌临床分期及颈淋巴结转移的关系。结果:鼻咽部慢性炎性组织中Bcl-2阳性率为9.5％,明显低于鼻咽癌组织中的阳性率(83.1％)(P<0.01)。PCNA、Bcl-2在鼻咽癌中的表达呈明显负相关(r_s=-0.41,P<0.01)。随着临床分期的增高,PCNA增殖指数(PI)分级有增高的趋势,鼻咽癌伴颈淋巴结转移组中PI之Ⅰ级所占比例,较无颈淋巴结转移组下降,而Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级所占比例增加,但无统计学意义。结论:PCNA PI可反映鼻咽癌的增殖状况,可能与预后相关,Bcl-2蛋白可作为鼻咽癌较好的肿瘤标记物,在鼻咽癌的发生上可能起重要作用。     

增殖细胞核抗原在鼻咽癌中表达的定量研究

为了增加鼻咽癌的诊断和预后判定指标，应用抗增殖细胞核抗原（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｎｇｃｅｌｎｅｃｌｅａｒａｎｔｉｇｅｎ，ＰＣＮＡ）单克隆抗体，采用免疫组化染色ＬＡＳ－ＳＰ法及图象分析技术，对８２例鼻咽鳞状细胞癌和２５例鼻咽粘膜炎症组织标本进行了定量研究，并对鼻咽癌患者５年生存率与ＰＣＮＡ表达情况进行了相关性分析。结果：①根据ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞计算的鼻咽癌细胞增殖指数与鼻咽癌的病理分级呈明显的正相关，与患者５年生存率呈明显负相关。②图像处理检测的ＰＣＮＡ表达量与鼻咽癌的病理分级也呈明显的正相关，与５年生存率呈负相关，但泡状核细胞癌虽属低分化鳞癌却不符合上述规律。结论：ＰＣＮＡ能很好地反映鼻咽癌的增殖活性，在临床病理上具有应用前景，可作为对鼻咽癌预后判定及指导临床治疗的指标     

Expression of CD68 CD45RO CD20 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in nasal polyps]

OBJECTIVE: To study the cellular expression of CD45RO, CD20, CD68 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in nasal polyps. METHODS: Nasal polyp tissues from 50 patients were evaluated for cellular expression of CD45RO, CD20, CD68 and PCNA using immunohistochemistry SP by counting the average number in 5 chosen high-power fields, Histopathological observations were combined with HE. Analyses were performed on SPSS10.0. RESULTS: CD68+ cells were expressed more in nasal polyps dominated by eosinophils than by neutrophils(P < 0.05). There was no difference between CD45RO and CD20, but both of them had negative correlation(P = 0.05). Significant correlation was found between CD68+ cells and eosinophils or PCNA positive cells on epithelium. PCNA positive cells on epithelium had significant correlation on fibroblast (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Inflammatory cell infiltration (eosinophilia CD45RO, CD20, CD68) and cell proliferating in epithelium cells, glandular cell and fibroblast are strongly correlated with formation of nasal polyps. The nasal polyps are not only characteristic of eosinophilia but also by lymphocytes dominated by CD45RO and CD68 positive cells. CD68 may be stem cell of nasal polyp.     

PCNA在中耳鳞癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达与中耳癌发生、发展的关系.方法应用免疫组化技术对中耳鳞癌、中耳炎性组织和正常鼓膜中的PCNA表达进行检测.结果①PCNA在中耳鳞癌中的表达显著高于异型增生(P＜0.01);②单纯炎性肉芽和正常鼓膜PCNA表达阴性;③PCNA表达指数与中耳癌分化程度负相关.癌组织分化越差,PCNA指数越高,相差有显著意义(P＜0.05);④PCNA指数与中耳癌临床分期无关.结论PCNA高表达与中耳癌发生及生物学行为不良相关.     

Epithelial cell proliferation in nasal polyps

The mechanism stimulating the growth of nasal polyps remains unclear. The fact that nasal polyps formation is connected with increase of the epithelial surface suggests that the dysregulation of epithelial cell proliferation takes part in their pathogenesis. Furthermore, macroscopically nonsuspected nasal polyp, usually benign tissue lesion, occasionally may be misdiagnosed such as neoplasm. Only a few studies have undertaken the subject of cell proliferation in nonneoplastic respiratory epithelium. We examined 30 nasal polyps specimens by immunohistochemistry to recognize the expression of nuclear antigen present in proliferating cells, using rabbit anti-human Ki-67 antigen. Our study revealed significantly higher Ki-67 index in nasal polyps than in nasal mucosa (p < 0.005, tab.I). Based on this findings it seems that increased epithelial cell proliferation and chronic inflammation generate the lesion of the nasal mucosa leading to nasal polyps formation.     

一氧化氮及其合酶在鼻息肉中的表达

目的：探讨一氧化氮(NO)及其合酶(NOS)在鼻息肉中的表达，以及NO在鼻息肉发病中的作用。方法：用免疫组织化学及原位杂交方法研究诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)及内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)在鼻息肉中的表达，同时用原位杂交方法研究iNOS mRNA的表达，并用硝酸还原酶法研究NO在鼻息肉中的产生情况。结果：鼻息肉组织中eNOS主要分布于上皮、腺体细胞及血管内皮细胞，其染色强度稍强于对照组。iNOS在上皮细胞呈现较强的阳性染色，在息肉组织内主要表达于散在的炎症细胞。结论：eNOS活性增高可能与鼻息肉发病中血管过度扩张、腺体病理性分泌增多等有关。iNOS生成的较高浓度的NO在鼻息肉的病理过程中可能起到促进炎症发展的作用。     

两种细胞外基质糖蛋白在鼻息肉中的表达

目的　探讨细胞外基质 (extracellularmatrix ,ECM)成分纤维粘连蛋白 (fibronectin ,FN)和固生蛋白 (tenascin ,TN)在鼻息肉组织中的表达。方法　采用免疫组织化学法检测 34例鼻息肉和 2 0例下鼻甲组织中TN、FN的表达 ,并分析鼻息肉中的表达与鼻息肉组织类型、嗜酸粒细胞 (eosinophlis,EOS)浸润程度和临床分型、分期及大小的关系。结果　①TN、FN在鼻息肉组织中表达的平均灰度值分别为 16 3 10± 10 5 4、16 3 2 4± 11 5 2 ,而在下鼻甲组织中表达的平均灰度值分别为 175 4 9± 9 2 9、173 93± 7 92 ;两组间的差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ;②TN、FN在水肿型鼻息肉组织中的表达显著强于在腺囊泡型和纤维型鼻息肉组织中的表达 (P <0 0 5 ) ;③FN表达的灰度值与EOS计数有显著相关 (r=- 0 6 0 ,P <0 0 1) ;④TN、FN的表达与鼻息肉分型、分期及大小无明显关系 (P >0 0 5 )。结论除构成组织的物理支架外 ,ECM还可能通过参与鼻息肉上皮细胞增生、水肿形成和EOS浸润而在鼻息肉形成中发挥作用     

血管内皮生长因子在鼻息肉组织中的表达和意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)在鼻息肉组织中的表达及其在鼻息肉发病中的意义。方法将鼻息肉患者分为A、B 组,A组为Ⅱ型1、2期患者,B组为Ⅱ型3期及Ⅲ型患者。另有20例鼻中隔偏曲患者的正常下鼻甲组织作对照组。采用免疫组化SP法检测三组VEGF的表达。结果正常鼻黏膜中VEGF的染色呈弱阳性,而在A、B组鼻息肉组织中VEGF的阳性率明显高于对照组,B组中阳性率和阳性细胞数均高于A组;VEGF在鼻息肉组织中主要定位于基底膜周围的炎性细胞和上皮细胞以及腺体、血管周围和血管壁内皮细胞。结论VEGF通过在鼻息肉组织中过度表达促进息肉组织内的血管增殖和炎性细胞聚积,促进鼻息肉的发生发展。     

Expression profile of immune-associated genes in nasal polyps

OBJECTIVES: We performed this study to investigate the expression profile of immune-associated genes and to probe the role of related genes in the immune pathogenesis of nasal polyps. METHODS: Microarray analysis was used to find the expression profile of 491 immune-associated genes in nasal polyps. In validation studies, immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis were used to detect interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) in nasal polyps and controls. RESULTS: Eighty-seven genes were differentially expressed in the immune-associated gene profile of nasal polyps, and 15 genes showed differential expression in both chips. In nasal polyp tissues, IL-17 was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of plasma cells and to a lesser degree in the prickle cell layer of the epithelium and the acinus of the serous gland. In turbinates, IL-17 was also expressed in the same location, but the expression of IL-17 in nasal polyps and that in turbinates differed significantly (p < .05). Both IL-17 and IL-17R displayed specific bands in nasal polyps and turbinates, but the bands of IL-17 and IL-17R in nasal polyps were stronger than those in turbinates. CONCLUSIONS: The differentially expressed genes in immune-associated gene chips will provide clues about, and a theoretical foundation for, the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Furthermore, IL-17 may play an important role in the occurrence of nasal polyps by overexpression.     

Expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins and analysis of apoptosis in normal nasal mucosa and in nasal polyps

BACKGROUND: The etiopathogenesis of nasal polyps still is to be clarified. Although hyperplasia is a typical feature of these pathological processes, little attention has been paid to specific aspects of cellular growth in polyps. We have evaluated the expression and localization of some of the regulatory proteins that direct the cell through the specific sequence of events culminating in mitosis or apoptosis in nasal polyps. METHODS: Twenty samples of nasal polyps and 20 samples of normal nasal mucosa have been analyzed for apoptotic index by detecting the DNA 3'OH ends deriving from DNA fragmentation. Moreover, they have been evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for expression of Ki-67, cyclins A and B1, p53, p21, p27, murine double minute clone 2, and Bcl-2. RESULTS: We have identified a greater proportion of proliferating cells in the lining epithelial cells of the polyps when compared with the normal mucosa as stained with anti-Ki-67 antibodies. An overexpression of p53, MDM2, and Bcl-2 and an increased apoptosis were observed in nasal polyps compared with the normal mucosa, whereas no variation of p27 expression was observed. The p21 and cyclins A and B1 were rarely expressed in both pathological and normal tissue. CONCLUSION: The p53-based control system of cell cycle progression appears to be altered in nasal polyps, potentially leading to an abrogation of the DNA damage checkpoint. Evaluation of the expression of the regulatory proteins that direct the cells throughout their cycle in nasal polyps may allow a better understanding of the biological behavior and clinical outcome of these benign pathological entities.     

p27蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原在上颌窦鳞癌中的表达

目的探讨p27蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)在上颌窦鳞癌中的表达及其与上颌窦鳞癌发生发展的关系.方法应用免疫组化SABC法检测35例上颌窦鳞癌和15例鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤的p27蛋白和PCNA表达.结果p27蛋白及PCNA染色阳性细胞均为细胞核着色.其中上颌窦鳞癌的p27蛋白阳性率为25.71%,鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤的阳性率为73.3%.二者差异有高度显著性(P＜0.01).但鳞癌各组间经统计学检验差异无显著性.上颌窦鳞癌PCNA指数为86.94±9.83,鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤的PCNA指数为46.14±2.66,二者差异有高度显著性(P＜0.001).随上颌窦鳞癌分化程度的降低,PCNA指数增加,不同分化间PCNA指数差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论检测上颌窦鳞癌组织中p27蛋白和PCNA的表达能够快速、准确地反映肿瘤细胞的增殖状态和评价预后,对判定上颌窦鳞癌的恶性程度及指导治疗有一定的意义.