创伤性肘关节强直合并骨化性肌炎的手术治疗

通过对14例创伤性肘关节强直合并骨化性肌炎病人的临床资料进行分析,对手术方法进行探讨。结果取得了满意的治疗效果,伤口一期愈合,关节功能恢复良好。结果提示创伤性肘关节强直合并骨化性肌炎,在骨化性肌炎成熟后,行骨块摘除和肘关节松解术,能取得满意的疗效。     

中西医结合治疗肘关节僵硬及骨化性肌炎的体会

中西医结合治疗肘关节僵硬及骨化性肌炎的体会晋中二院（０３０８００）张健恩，白小兰由创伤导致肘关节僵硬和骨化性肌炎并不少见。常造成肘关节严重的功能障碍。手术清除关节周围异生骨块和松解肘关节，对功能恢复虽有一定疗效，但不够理想，甚至发生再度僵直。我院从１...     

小儿肱骨髁上骨折后异位骨化及骨化性肌炎临床分析

目的:探讨小儿肱骨髁上骨折后异位骨化和骨化性肌炎的原因及预防措施。方法:回顾分析2006年3月至2010年7月,16例小儿肱骨髁上骨折后发生异位骨化和骨化性肌炎病例的临床资料。结果:小儿肱骨髁上骨折后发生异位骨化13例,肘关节活动轻度受限;骨化性肌炎3例,肘关节活动明显受限。结论:骨化性肌炎多有反复整复及骨折后过度暴力功能练习史;切开复位后发生异位骨化的病例较多,但原因尚不明确。     

内外侧肌群-韧带复合体彻底剥离松解术治疗创伤后异位骨化所致肘关节僵硬13例

目的评价内外侧肌群-韧带复合体彻底剥离松解治疗创伤后异位骨化所致肘关节僵硬的临床效果。方法选取我院收治的13例创伤后异位骨化所致肘关节僵硬患者,均采用肱骨内外髁附着肌群-韧带复合体彻底剥离松解术治疗,采用Mayo评分评价患者手术前后的肘关节功能。结果 13例患者通过手术治疗后未出现明显疼痛、关节不稳等不良反应,伤口均为Ⅰ期愈合,其中优9例,良2例,中1例,差1例,优良率为84.62%。术后患者的肘关节疼痛、稳定性、日常生活能力、肘关节功能、主动屈伸活动度和功能均优于术前（P〈0.05）。而手术前后的外旋活动范围和内旋活动范围比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论对创伤后异位骨化所致肘关节僵硬患者实施内外侧肌群-韧带复合体彻底剥离治疗效果显著。     

创伤性骨化性肌炎的手术治疗总结

创伤性骨化性肌炎是骨和关节严重创伤的一种并发症,以肘关节附近最多见,其次是膝关节、肩关节和髋关节附近.创伤性骨化性肌炎亦可发生于脊髓横断伤截瘫后下肢股部肌肉内.我院收治手术治疗7例,取得满意疗效,现报道如下.     

经肘关节内外切口手术治疗肘关节骨化性肌炎

目的：通过对20例肘关节骨化肌炎病人的临床资料进行分析，对手术方法、时机进行探讨。结果：取得了满意的治疗效果，切口愈合，关节功能恢复良好。结论：提示肘关节骨化肌炎成熟后，肘内外切口行骨块摘除和肘关节松解术，能取得满意的疗效。     

脑出血后双侧髋部、右大腿骨化性肌炎1例

<正>神经源性骨化性肌炎是指因中枢神经系统遭受严重损伤,而在四肢关节周围软组织内出现的异位骨化。对于颅脑损伤患者,骨化性肌炎最常发生的部位依次为髋关节、肘关节、肩关节和膝关节~([1])。骨化性肌炎会导致剧烈的疼痛,同时可以限制病变关节的活动范围,其早期表现与炎性病变非常相似,常     

骨化性肌炎外科诊疗

骨化性肌炎又称创伤性骨化性肌炎、局限性骨化性肌炎、损伤性骨膜下骨化、骨化性血肿或异位性骨化等.目的讨论骨化性肌炎外科诊疗.方法根据患者临床表现结合检查结果进行诊断并治疗.结论骨化性肌炎如无功能障碍,不需手术.有功能障碍者,应待X线片显示骨化块边缘光滑、密度较高、已完全成熟后,再完整地将其切除.     

合并异位骨化的关节功能康复治疗效果分析

目的 探讨骨关节手术后合并异位骨化患者的康复治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析58例关节术后合并异位骨化患者的临床资料.分为对照组和观察组各29例:对照组术后采取常规功能训练配合物理疗法进行治疗;观察组行针对性康复训练进行治疗.治疗2个月后进行随访调查,记录患者肘关节或膝关节活动范围,并对所有患者门诊随访,观察复发情况.结果 两组患者治疗2个月后,肘关节/膝关节的活动度均较治疗前显著增加,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);观察后观察组肘关节、膝关节异位骨化患者的活动度与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);且治疗后随访6个月至2年,观察组无1例出现异位骨化再发,而对照组出现5例异位骨化再发(其中膝关节异位骨化3例,肘关节异位骨化2例)再发率为17.2％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 对关节手术后出现异位骨化的患者进行针对性的康复训练可增加肌肉力量,防止受损部位肌肉萎缩,同时可增大关节活动幅度,值得临床上推广使用.     

放射治疗加口服吲哚美辛预防肘关节异位骨化切除术后的复发

目的：探讨局部小剂量单次放射治疗（放疗）加口服吲哚美辛对预防肘关节异位骨化切除术后复发的效果。方法： 2009年1月至2011年12月间对78例肘关节创伤后僵硬并肘关节异位骨化患者于肘关节松解同时行异位骨化切除。显露及切除异位骨化,于深部组织皆采用内、外侧双入路,于内侧显露并保护尺神经,之后去除内侧关节囊;近端于肱肌和肱三头肌之间进入,去除后部内侧异位骨化、后关节囊;远端于尺侧腕屈肌尺骨头与肱骨头之间去除异位骨化。外侧近端于肱三头肌下方去除后方异位骨化,于肱桡肌下方显露并去除前方异位骨化,外侧远端于肱肌下方显露并去除异位骨化。如需改善前臂旋转功能,则需将上尺桡周围异位骨化及增生斑痕切除,术中视情况决定尺神经是否前移。于异位骨化切除术前4 h内行肘关节周围局部小剂量单次放疗,放疗剂量为6~7 Gy,术后口服吲哚美辛25 mg,每日3次, 6周,术后康复以主动锻炼及主动辅助锻炼为主。78例患者中,男性46例,女性32例,平均年龄(35.8±7.9)岁（16~65岁）。按Hastings-Graham分型,术前肘关节异位骨化ⅡA型 56例, ⅡB型5例,ⅡC型 6例,Ⅲ型11例。结果： 术后随访平均26个月（24~36个月）,78例患者肘关节功能改善,除1例患者外,肘关节正、侧位X线片均未见明显异位骨化复发;有1例患者术后2年随访时X线片显示异位骨化较明显,但功能正常。结论： 局部小剂量单次放疗加口服吲哚美辛对预防肘关节异位骨化切除术后复发有意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.